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CN112436202A - Stepped current charging method for preventing lithium precipitation of lithium ion battery cathode - Google Patents

Stepped current charging method for preventing lithium precipitation of lithium ion battery cathode Download PDF

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CN112436202A
CN112436202A CN202011141330.4A CN202011141330A CN112436202A CN 112436202 A CN112436202 A CN 112436202A CN 202011141330 A CN202011141330 A CN 202011141330A CN 112436202 A CN112436202 A CN 112436202A
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battery
current
electrode
negative electrode
lithium ion
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CN112436202B (en
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邢学彬
袁德强
张文忠
刘金柱
孙丙香
苏晓佳
王占国
周兴振
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Beijing Jiaotong University
CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防止锂离子电池负极析锂的阶梯式电流充电方法,包括:S1、在商用电池上增加参比电极,制作三电极电池,并验证参比电极的有效性;S2、确定额定容量C0;S3、确定三电极电池的高敏感性模型参数;S4、根据高敏感性模型参数及通过厂商和文献获取的模型参数,建立高精度的电化学模型,确定析锂判据公式;S5、改变步骤S4中电化学模型的输入条件,确定满足析锂判据的最大可接受电流;S6、以最大可接受电流的90%作为充电控制的边界电流。本发明突破了传统经验选择,能够有效防止负极析锂,降低锂离子电池安全风险,提高充电效率,为锂离子电池优化充电领域提供了重要的参考价值。

Figure 202011141330

The invention relates to a step-type current charging method for preventing lithium deposition in a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery, comprising: S1. adding a reference electrode to a commercial battery, making a three-electrode battery, and verifying the validity of the reference electrode; Capacity C0; S3. Determine the high-sensitivity model parameters of the three-electrode battery; S4. Establish a high-precision electrochemical model based on the high-sensitivity model parameters and model parameters obtained from manufacturers and literature, and determine the lithium precipitation criterion formula; S5 . Change the input conditions of the electrochemical model in step S4, and determine the maximum acceptable current that satisfies the lithium precipitation criterion; S6, take 90% of the maximum acceptable current as the boundary current for charging control. The invention breaks through traditional experience selection, can effectively prevent lithium precipitation in the negative electrode, reduce the safety risk of lithium ion batteries, improve charging efficiency, and provides important reference value for the field of optimized charging of lithium ion batteries.

Figure 202011141330

Description

Stepped current charging method for preventing lithium precipitation of lithium ion battery cathode
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optimized charging of lithium ion batteries.
Background
Lithium ion battery negative pole lithium deposition is induced by low temperature, high state of charge (SOC) and large rate current. The lithium ion battery is faced with the problems of difficult charging, easy lithium precipitation during charging and the like at low temperature, seriously damages the driving range and safety of the electric automobile, and forms one of limiting factors for restricting the popularization of the electric automobile. How to charge electric energy into a battery quickly and safely under an extremely cold condition is one of key technologies for promoting popularization and application of an electric vehicle in a cold region, in order to avoid lithium precipitation of a battery cathode, the charging speed is extremely slow at a low temperature due to extremely small charging current which can be accepted by the battery because the internal resistance of the battery is sharply increased at the low temperature, and a slightly large harmonic current may cause lithium precipitation of the battery cathode, so that the service life of the battery is accelerated and attenuated, and even a safety problem is caused.
At present, charging methods at normal temperature are quite multiple, and the charging methods mainly comprise conventional constant current and constant voltage (CC-CV) charging, multi-stage constant current charging, pulse charging, sinusoidal alternating current charging, high-power pre-charging, constant power charging, optimized charging considering multiple targets and the like. However, most of these methods set the charging current multiplying power empirically, the phenomenon of low charging efficiency or high SOC lithium evolution occurs, and the normal temperature charging method is difficult to be directly applied to low temperature charging, such as CV charging method, and during constant voltage charging at low temperature, the negative electrode potential is likely to be lower than the lithium evolution potential, which may cause lithium evolution at the negative electrode. In addition, the dynamics of the battery is delayed at low temperature, the maximum charging current acceptable by the battery is very small, and when the battery is charged by directly using a normal-temperature charging method at low temperature, the charging time is very long, so that the practical requirement of quick charging is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention is based on a three-electrode battery manufactured by using a commercial battery, a high-sensitivity model parameter in a model is identified through elaborate experimental design, a lithium ion battery electrochemical model with accurate physical meaning of the model parameter and higher model precision is established, the maximum acceptable boundary current for preventing lithium precipitation of a negative electrode of the lithium ion battery in any initial charge state can be calculated in a wider temperature interval, and finally, the stepped current charging method for preventing lithium precipitation of the negative electrode of the lithium ion battery is provided.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in the patent, relevant experiments of three-electrode battery design are tested aiming at positive and negative solid-phase diffusion coefficients, positive and negative impedance parameters and positive and negative exchange current densities, the model is ensured to have higher precision, the model parameters have accurate physical meanings, a lithium ion battery electrochemical model suitable for a wider temperature region is constructed, according to lithium analysis criteria, initial current is input through the model to research the maximum acceptable charging current of the lithium ion battery without lithium analysis, the input initial SOC of the model is changed, the maximum acceptable charging current of the lithium ion battery in different initial states can be obtained, safety margins are further considered, a stepped current charging method for preventing lithium ion battery negative electrode lithium analysis is provided, the charging efficiency is highest on the premise that no lithium analysis occurs, and the service life of the battery is prolonged to the maximum extent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stepped current charging method for preventing lithium precipitation of a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
s1, adding a reference electrode on the commercial battery, manufacturing a three-electrode battery, and carrying out electrochemical impedance spectrum and capacity increment curve tests on the three-electrode battery and the commercial battery to verify the effectiveness of the reference electrode;
s2, placing the three-electrode battery in an incubator environment at 25 ℃ for standing for 8 hours to ensure that the battery reaches a thermal equilibrium state, and carrying out a rated capacity test: charging at a constant current and a constant voltage of 4.2V at 1C until the current is reduced to 0.05C, standing for 1 hour, discharging at 1C to a cut-off voltage of 2.5V, standing for 1 hour, and performing charge-discharge circulation for three times, wherein the average value of the three discharge capacities is used as a rated capacity C0;
s3, carrying out a constant current intermittent titration technique and an electrochemical impedance spectrum experiment on the three-electrode battery at different environmental temperatures, and respectively determining high-sensitivity model parameters, namely positive and negative solid-phase diffusion coefficients, positive and negative impedance parameters and positive and negative exchange current densities so as to ensure that the model has higher precision and the model parameters have accurate physical meanings;
s4, establishing a high-precision electrochemical model according to the high-sensitivity model parameters obtained in the step S3 and the model parameters obtained by manufacturers and literatures, and determining the lithium analysis criterion formula as phis,NS-φ l,NS0, wherein phis,NSRepresents the solid phase potential of the negative electrode,. phil,NSThe liquid phase potential at the interface of the negative electrode-diaphragm is shown, so the criterion of lithium analysis is that the solid phase potential of the negative electrode is equal to the liquid phase potential at the interface of the negative electrode-diaphragm;
s5, changing the input conditions of the electrochemical model in the step S4, namely changing the temperature, the initial SOC and the current multiplying power, and determining the maximum acceptable current meeting the lithium analysis criterion;
and S6, setting a safety margin of 10% according to the maximum acceptable current obtained in the step S5, and taking 90% of the maximum acceptable current as the boundary current of the charging control.
The specific steps of step S3 are:
s31, placing the three-electrode battery in a to-be-tested environment temperature and standing for 8 hours to ensure that the battery reaches a thermal equilibrium state, emptying the three-electrode battery by using 1C rate current, and standing for 1 hour;
s32, setting the frequency range of electrochemical impedance spectrum testing to be 10 millihertz-10 kilohertz, setting the amplitude of sinusoidal alternating voltage to be 5mV, standing for 40min, and measuring impedance parameters and exchange current density of different SOC points through the step, wherein the impedance parameters comprise membrane impedance, charge transfer impedance and the like;
s33, the constant current intermittent titration technique is that a constant current is applied to a measuring system under a certain specific environment and is cut off after a period of time, the change of the system potential along with the time in the applied current period and the voltage reaching the balance after relaxation are observed, the relaxation information of the overpotential in the electrode process can be obtained by analyzing the change of the potential along with the time, and then the reaction kinetic information is conjectured and calculated. When the constant current is intermittently dripped, setting to charge for 6min by using current with 0.05C multiplying power, standing for 1 hour, and measuring the solid phase diffusion coefficients of the positive electrode and the negative electrode at different SOC points;
s34, filling the mixture into a container (5% C0-0.05C x 0.1h) with the rate of 0.2C, and standing for 1 hour;
s35, repeating the steps S32-S34 to obtain anode and cathode impedance parameters, anode and cathode exchange current densities and anode and cathode solid phase diffusion coefficients of the three-electrode battery at different SOC points in the charging direction under a certain specific environment;
and S36, changing the test environment temperature in the S31, and obtaining anode and cathode impedance parameters, anode and cathode exchange current densities and anode and cathode solid phase diffusion coefficients of the three-electrode battery at different temperatures at different SOC points in the charging direction.
In step S5, the maximum acceptable current of the battery in different initial states can be obtained in a wider temperature range by changing the temperature, the initial SOC state and the current multiplying power input by the electrochemical model.
In step S5, in consideration of the calculation error of the maximum charging current determined based on the electrochemical model and the calculation error of the maximum current at the untested temperature point, the calculated acceptable maximum charging current may be greater than or less than the true acceptable maximum charging current, and in order to prevent the battery from lithium precipitation under various operating conditions, a safety margin of 10% is set, that is, a current of 90% of the maximum acceptable current calculated by the model is used as the boundary current of the charging control.
The three-electrode battery manufactured by the commercial battery is used for carrying out a constant current intermittent titration technology and an electrochemical impedance spectrum experiment, so that the anode and cathode solid-phase diffusion coefficients and anode and cathode impedance parameters of the three-electrode battery are obtained, and the established electrochemical model is more in line with the performance characteristics of the commercial battery.
The invention provides a stepped current charging method for preventing lithium separation of a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a platform for researching the charging strategy of the lithium ion battery. The established lithium ion battery model can simulate the maximum lithium non-analysis boundary current under different working conditions, and a stepped current charging method for preventing lithium analysis of the lithium ion battery cathode can be formulated based on the model basis. The stepped charging method is based on a lithium ion battery lithium separation theory, breaks through traditional experience selection, can effectively prevent lithium separation of a negative electrode, reduces the safety risk of the lithium ion battery, improves the charging efficiency, and provides an important reference value for the field of optimized charging of the lithium ion battery.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three electrode cell made from a commercial battery;
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the maximum charge current acceptable to a battery at various temperatures when charging is initiated from 0% SOC;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stepped charging current curve from the 0% SOC point, taking into account safety margin;
FIG. 40 is a schematic view of a step charging current curve at different SOC initial charging times.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
S1, fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a three-electrode battery made of a commercial battery. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and capacity increment curve tests were performed on three-electrode batteries and commercial batteries: the electrochemical impedance spectrum testing frequency range is 10 milli-hertz to 10 kilohertz, and the amplitude of the sine alternating voltage is set to be 5 mV; the capacity increment curve test sets that 0.05C is charged to 4.2V, the battery is kept stand for 1 hour, 0.05C is discharged to 2.5V, the effectiveness of a reference electrode is verified, and an electrochemical model established by using a three-electrode battery to perform the test is more in line with the performance characteristics of a commercial battery;
s2, testing the rated capacity of the three-electrode battery at room temperature of 25 ℃, placing the three-electrode battery in a 25 ℃ incubator environment for standing for 8 hours to ensure that the battery reaches a thermal balance state, charging the battery to 0.05 ℃ by using a 1C constant current and constant voltage of 4.2V, standing for 1 hour, discharging the battery to a cut-off voltage of 2.5V by using 1C, standing for 1 hour, and carrying out charge-discharge circulation for three times, wherein the average value of three discharge capacities is used as the rated capacity C0;
s3, carrying out a constant current intermittent titration technique and an electrochemical impedance spectrum experiment on the three-electrode battery at different environmental temperatures, and respectively determining a positive and negative solid-phase diffusion coefficient, a positive and negative impedance parameter and a positive and negative exchange current density so as to ensure that the model has higher precision and the model parameters have accurate physical meanings;
the specific steps of step S3 are:
s31, placing the three-electrode battery in a to-be-tested environment temperature and standing for 8 hours to ensure that the battery reaches a thermal equilibrium state, emptying the three-electrode battery by using 1C rate current, and standing for 1 hour;
s32, setting the frequency range of electrochemical impedance spectrum testing to be 10 milli-hertz-10 kilohertz, setting the amplitude of sine alternating voltage to be 5mV, standing for 40min, and measuring anode and cathode impedance parameters and anode and cathode exchange current densities of different SOC points by the step, wherein the impedance parameters comprise membrane impedance, charge transfer impedance and the like;
s33, the constant current intermittent titration technique is that a constant current is applied to a measuring system under a certain specific environment and is cut off after a period of time, the change of the system potential along with the time in the applied current period and the voltage reaching the balance after relaxation are observed, the relaxation information of the overpotential in the electrode process can be obtained by analyzing the change of the potential along with the time, and then the reaction kinetic information is conjectured and calculated. The testing technology is set to charge for 6min by using current with 0.05C multiplying power, and the static state is set for 1 hour, so that the solid phase diffusion coefficients of the positive electrode and the negative electrode at different SOC points can be measured;
s34, filling the mixture into a container (5% C0-0.05C x 0.1h) with the rate of 0.2C, and standing for 1 hour;
s35, repeating the steps S32-S34 to obtain anode and cathode impedance parameters, anode and cathode exchange current densities and anode and cathode solid phase diffusion coefficients of the three-electrode battery at different SOC points in the charging direction under a certain specific environment;
s36, changing the test environment temperature in the S31 to obtain anode and cathode impedance parameters, anode and cathode exchange current densities and anode and cathode solid phase diffusion coefficients of the three-electrode battery at different SOC points in the charging direction at different temperatures;
s4, establishing a high-precision electrochemical model based on the high-sensitivity model parameters obtained in the step S3 and the model parameters obtained by manufacturers and literatures, and determining the lithium analysis criterion formula as phis,NS-φ l,NS0, wherein phis,NSRepresents the solid phase potential of the negative electrode,. phil,NSThe liquid phase potential at the interface of the negative electrode and the diaphragm is shown, namely the lithium analysis criterion is that the solid phase potential of the negative electrode is equal to the liquid phase potential at the interface of the negative electrode and the diaphragm;
s5, changing the input conditions of the electrochemical model in the step S4, namely changing the temperature, the initial SOC and the current multiplying power, and determining the maximum acceptable current meeting the lithium analysis criterion.
And S6, setting a safety margin of 10% according to the maximum acceptable current obtained in the step S5, and taking 90% of the maximum acceptable current as the boundary current of the charging control.
FIG. 2 shows the maximum charging current acceptable for a battery at different temperatures during initial charging from 0% SOC, with the model inputting different initial SOC points, different initial current rates, according to the lithium analysis criterion formula φs,NSl,NSObtaining the maximum acceptable current multiplying power of different SOC points as 0, and obtaining an SOC-acceptable maximum charging current curve as shown in fig. 2 by linear interpolation of the maximum current of the SOC points, wherein the acceptable maximum charging current of the lithium ion battery is reduced along with the increase of the SOC.
Fig. 3 shows a stepwise charging current from the 0% SOC point taking into account a safety margin, and considering a calculation error of the maximum charging current determined based on the electrochemical model and a calculation error of the maximum current at the untested temperature point, the calculated acceptable maximum charging current may be greater or less than the true acceptable maximum charging current, and in order to prevent the battery from precipitating lithium under various operating conditions, a safety margin of 10% is set, that is, a current of 90% of the maximum acceptable current calculated by the model is used as a boundary current for the charging control.
Considering that the lithium ion battery is not charged from an empty state in the actual use process, fig. 4 shows the step charging current when different SOC start charging is performed at 0 ℃, different initial SOC states are set by the lithium ion battery electrochemical model, and the initial SOC states are set with phis,NSl,NSAnd (3) taking 0 as a criterion for lithium analysis to obtain the maximum acceptable charging current in different initial states, wherein obviously, the lower the initial SOC is, the larger the acceptable charging current of the lithium ion battery in the initial charging stage is.
It should be understood that the present invention is only illustrative and not restrictive for clear description of the embodiments of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above description.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.

Claims (5)

1.一种防止锂离子电池负极析锂的阶梯式电流充电方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:1. a stepped current charging method for preventing lithium ion battery negative electrode from precipitating, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1、在商用电池上增加参比电极,制作三电极电池,并对三电极电池和商用电池进行电化学阻抗谱和容量增量曲线测试,验证参比电极的有效性;S1. Add a reference electrode to a commercial battery to make a three-electrode battery, and perform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and capacity increment curve tests on the three-electrode battery and the commercial battery to verify the effectiveness of the reference electrode; S2、计算三电极电池的额定容量C0;S2. Calculate the rated capacity C0 of the three-electrode battery; S3、在不同环境温度下对三电极电池进行恒电流间歇滴定技术和电化学阻抗谱实验,分别确定三电极电池的高敏感性模型参数:正负极固相扩散系数、正负极阻抗参数和正负极交换电流密度;S3. Perform galvanostatic intermittent titration and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments on the three-electrode battery at different ambient temperatures to determine the highly sensitive model parameters of the three-electrode battery: positive and negative solid phase diffusion coefficients, positive and negative impedance parameters, and positive and negative electrode impedance parameters. Negative exchange current density; S4、根据步骤S3获得的高敏感性模型参数及通过厂商和文献获取的模型参数,建立高精度的电化学模型,确定析锂判据为:负极固相电势与负极-隔膜界面处液相电势相等;S4. According to the high-sensitivity model parameters obtained in step S3 and the model parameters obtained from the manufacturer and literature, a high-precision electrochemical model is established, and the lithium precipitation criterion is determined as: the solid-phase potential of the negative electrode and the liquid-phase potential at the interface of the negative electrode-diaphragm equal; S5、改变步骤S4中电化学模型的输入条件,确定满足析锂判据的最大可接受电流;S5, change the input condition of the electrochemical model in step S4, determine the maximum acceptable current that satisfies the lithium precipitation criterion; S6、根据步骤S5所得的最大可接受电流,设定10%的安全余量,以最大可接受电流的90%作为充电控制的边界电流。S6. According to the maximum acceptable current obtained in step S5, a safety margin of 10% is set, and 90% of the maximum acceptable current is used as the boundary current for charging control. 2.如权利要求1所述的防止锂离子电池负极析锂的阶梯式电流充电方法,其特征在于,步骤S2具体为:将三电极电池置于25℃温箱环境中静置8小时,保证电池达到热平衡状态,进行额定容量测试:以1C恒流恒压4.2V充电至电流降低到0.05C,静置1小时,1C放电至截止电压2.5V,静置1小时,该充放电循环进行三次,以三次放电容量的平均值为额定容量C0。2. the step-type current charging method for preventing lithium ion deposition of negative electrode of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step S2 is specifically: place three-electrode battery in 25 ℃ of incubators and let stand for 8 hours to ensure The battery reaches thermal equilibrium state, and the rated capacity test is carried out: charge at 1C constant current and constant voltage 4.2V until the current drops to 0.05C, let stand for 1 hour, discharge at 1C to the cut-off voltage of 2.5V, and let stand for 1 hour, the charge-discharge cycle is carried out three times , and the average value of the three discharge capacities is the rated capacity C0. 3.如权利要求1所述的防止锂离子电池负极析锂的阶梯式电流充电方法,其特征在于:S5中所述电化学模型的输入条件包括温度、初始SOC和电流倍率。3. The step-by-step current charging method for preventing lithium deposition in a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input conditions of the electrochemical model described in S5 include temperature, initial SOC and current rate. 4.如权利要求2所述的防止锂离子电池负极析锂的阶梯式电流充电方法,其特征在于,步骤S3的具体步骤为:4. the step-type current charging method for preventing lithium ion deposition of negative electrode of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of step S3 are: S31、将三电极电池置于待测试环境温度静置8小时,保证电池达到热平衡状态,以1C倍率电流将三电极电池放空,静置1小时;S31. Place the three-electrode battery at the ambient temperature to be tested for 8 hours to ensure that the battery reaches a state of thermal equilibrium, empty the three-electrode battery at a rate of 1C, and let it stand for 1 hour; S32、电化学阻抗谱测试频率范围为10毫赫兹—10千赫兹,正弦交流电压幅值设定为5mV,静置40min,通过该步骤测得不同SOC点阻抗参数及交换电流密度,其中阻抗参数包括膜阻抗和电荷转移阻抗;S32, the electrochemical impedance spectrum test frequency range is 10 millihertz-10 kilohertz, the sinusoidal AC voltage amplitude is set to 5 mV, and it is allowed to stand for 40 minutes. Through this step, the impedance parameters and exchange current densities of different SOC points are measured. Among them, the impedance parameter Including membrane resistance and charge transfer resistance; S33、对三电极电池进行恒电流间歇滴定,设定用0.05C倍率电流充电6min,静置1小时,通过该步骤测得不同SOC点正负极固相扩散系数;S33, perform constant current intermittent titration on the three-electrode battery, set charging with 0.05C rate current for 6 minutes, and let stand for 1 hour, and measure the positive and negative solid phase diffusion coefficients of different SOC points through this step; S34、以0.2C倍率充入5%C0-0.05C*0.1h容量,静置1小时;S34. Charge into 5% C0-0.05C*0.1h capacity at 0.2C rate, and let stand for 1 hour; S35、重复步骤S32-S34,获得某一特定环境下三电极电池充电方向不同SOC点正负极阻抗参数、正负极交换电流密度及正负极固相扩散系数;S35. Repeat steps S32-S34 to obtain positive and negative electrode impedance parameters, positive and negative electrode exchange current density, and positive and negative electrode solid-phase diffusion coefficients at different SOC points in the charging direction of the three-electrode battery under a specific environment; S36、改变S31中测试环境温度,获得不同温度下三电极电池充电方向不同SOC点正负极阻抗参数、正负极交换电流密度及正负极固相扩散系数。S36 , changing the test environment temperature in S31 to obtain the positive and negative electrode impedance parameters, positive and negative electrode exchange current density, and positive and negative electrode solid-phase diffusion coefficients at different SOC points in the charging direction of the three-electrode battery at different temperatures. 5.如权利要求1所述的防止锂离子电池负极析锂的阶梯式电流充电方法,其特征在于:所述锂离子电池为锰酸锂动力电池、磷酸铁锂动力电池或三元材料动力电池。5. the step-type current charging method for preventing lithium ion deposition of negative electrode of lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lithium ion battery is lithium manganate power battery, lithium iron phosphate power battery or ternary material power battery .
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