Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an outer diameter adjusting device of a centralizer and a variable diameter centralizer, so as to relieve the technical problem that the centralizer in the prior art is inconvenient to use in a borehole with an irregular well section.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an outer diameter adjusting device of a centralizer, which comprises: a strap for tightening the elastic righting strip of the righting device, at least one end of which is provided with a sleeve joint part; the cylinder body and the piston body are connected to the cylinder body, and the sleeve joint part is sleeved at the end part of the piston body; a pin connected to the cylinder for locking the piston body to prevent movement of the piston body into the cylinder; a cover plate connected to the cylinder body and engaged with an end of the piston body, for preventing the socket from being separated from the piston body in a state where the piston body is locked by the pin; the piston body can cut the pin under the action of the pressure outside the cylinder body and move into the cylinder body.
In a preferred embodiment, the pin is provided along a radial direction of the cylinder body for abutting against an end surface of the piston body.
In a preferred embodiment, the external diameter adjustment means of the centralizer comprises a plurality of said pins, distributed circumferentially about the axis of the cylinder.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter adjusting device of the centralizer comprises an end plate located between the cylinder body and the cover plate, the end plate is fixed to the cylinder body, an accommodating cavity for accommodating the sleeve part is formed between the end plate and the cover plate, and the piston body extends into the accommodating cavity.
In a preferred embodiment, the piston body has a step, and the end plate can abut against the step to prevent the piston body from moving to the outside of the cylinder body.
In a preferred embodiment, the cover plate is provided with a cover plate through hole, and the end of the piston body is inserted into the cover plate through hole.
The invention provides a variable-diameter centralizer, which comprises: a first end ring, a second end ring; the elastic righting strips are connected with the first end ring at one end and the second end ring at the other end; the outer diameter adjusting device of the centralizer; the strap is connected with each elastic righting strip, and the elastic righting strips are tightened under the action of the cylinder body, the piston body, the cover plate and the pins.
In a preferred embodiment, each of the elastic righting strips is provided with a connecting buckle, and the strap is arranged through the connecting buckle.
In a preferred embodiment, the connection buckle is arranged at the inner side of the elastic righting strip.
In a preferred embodiment, the resilient centralizer strip is single arcuate.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
the strap in the external diameter adjusting device of the centralizer is connected with each elastic centralizer strip, and the strap is connected into a ring shape through the cylinder body, the piston body, the pin and the cover plate, so that the strap plays a role of restraining each elastic centralizer strip, each elastic centralizer strip is contracted inwards, the external diameter of the centralizer is reduced, and therefore, the contact of the centralizer with a well wall can be effectively reduced in the process of going down the well, and the well running friction resistance of a casing is reduced.
The greater the depth in the annulus of well, then pressure is the greater, after the target depth in the well is gone into under the centralizer, because the pressure in the annulus is great, this pressure acts on the piston body, promote the piston body and cut the pin, the piston body moves in the cylinder body for produce the clearance between the tip of piston body and the apron, the cup joint portion of strap breaks away from the piston body, the strap loses the constraint effect to the elasticity righting strip, the elasticity righting strip outwards expands under self elastic action, the external diameter increase of centralizer, can full play righting effect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The present invention provides an outer diameter adjusting apparatus of a centralizer, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus including: the belt 50, the cylinder body 10, the piston body 20, the pin 30 and the cover plate 40; the hoop 50 is used for tightening the elastic righting strip 93 of the righting device, at least one end of the hoop 50 is provided with a sleeve joint part 51, and the sleeve joint part 51 is provided with a through hole 511 matched with the end part 21 of the piston body; the piston body 20 is connected to the cylinder body 10, and the sleeve joint part 51 is sleeved on the end part 21 of the piston body; the pin 30 is connected to the cylinder body 10 for locking the piston body 20 to prevent the piston body 20 from moving into the cylinder body 10; the cap plate 40 is coupled to the cylinder body 10 and engaged with the end of the piston body 20 for preventing the socket part 51 from being separated from the piston body 20 in a state where the piston body 20 is locked by the pin 30; the piston body 20 is capable of shearing the pin 30 and moving into the cylinder 10 by the pressure outside the cylinder 10.
The strap 50 in the device is connected with each elastic righting strip 93, and through the cylinder body 10, the piston body 20, the pin 30 and the cover plate 40, the strap 50 is connected into a ring shape, plays a role in binding each elastic righting strip 93, and enables each elastic righting strip 93 to contract inwards, so that the outer diameter of the centralizer is reduced, and therefore in the process of descending a well, the contact between the centralizer and the well wall can be effectively reduced, and the well descending friction of a sleeve is reduced.
The larger the depth in the annulus of the well bore is, the larger the pressure is, after the centralizer is lowered to the target depth in the well bore, because the pressure in the annulus is larger, the pressure acts on the piston body 20 to push the piston body 20 to shear the pin 30, the piston body 20 moves towards the cylinder body 10, a gap is generated between the end part 21 of the piston body and the cover plate 40, the sleeving part 51 of the belt clamp 50 is separated from the piston body 20, the belt clamp 50 loses the binding effect on the elastic centralizing strip 93, the elastic centralizing strip 93 expands outwards under the self elastic effect, the outer diameter of the centralizer is increased, and the centralizing effect can be fully exerted.
In use, as shown in figures 1 and 3, it is necessary to connect the band 50 in a loop to tighten the elastic righting strip. The band 50 may have the engaging portion 51 at both ends, or may have the engaging portion 51 at only one end. Under the condition that the sleeving parts 51 are arranged at both ends of the hoop 50, the sleeving parts 51 at both ends are sleeved on the piston body 20, so that the hoop 50 is connected into a ring shape; in the case where the band 50 has the sleeve portion 51 at only one end, the end of the band 50 not having the sleeve portion may be fixed to the cylinder 10 by screws, or when in use, the cylinder 10 is fixed to one elastic centering bar 93, and the end of the band 50 not having the sleeve portion is also fixed to one elastic centering bar 93, so that the band may be connected in a ring shape.
To facilitate tightening of the resilient centering strip 93, the strap 50 is a steel strap.
The piston body 20 further includes a sliding portion 22, and the sliding portion 22 is engaged with an inner wall of the cylinder 10 and can move relative to the cylinder 10 by an internal and external pressure difference. After the device is put into the annular space of a well hole, the sliding part 22 of the piston body 20 is acted by the pressure in the cylinder body 10, the end part 20 of the piston body is acted by the pressure of the drilling fluid in the annular space, and in order to prevent the drilling fluid in the annular space from entering the cylinder body 10, the outer wall of the sliding part 22 is provided with a first sealing ring 71 matched with the inner wall of the cylinder body 10, so that the sealing performance of the connecting part is improved.
The annular pressure exerts on the piston body 20 a force directed along the axis of the cylinder 10 and into the cylinder 10, which force tends to move the piston body 20 into the cylinder 10, the piston body 20 acting on the pin 30, the pin 30 being arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 10 in order to facilitate shearing of the pin 30 after the force has reached a set value. Preferably, the pin 30 is disposed in a radial direction of the cylinder 10. More preferably, the pin 30 extends into the cavity of the cylinder 10 to abut the end face of the sliding portion 22.
Further, the outer diameter adjusting means of the centralizer comprises a plurality of pins 30, the plurality of pins 30 being circumferentially distributed around the axis of the cylinder 10. By adjusting the number of pins 30, it is possible to adjust the magnitude of the force setting to control the depth of the device into the borehole.
In order to prevent drilling fluid in the annular space from entering the cylinder body 10 through the mounting hole of the pin 30, the pin 30 is provided with a second sealing ring 72 which is matched with the cylinder body 10. Preferably, a second seal 72 is provided on the inner end face of the nut of the pin 30.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the apparatus includes an end plate 60 located between the cylinder 10 and the cover plate 40, the end plate 60 is fixed to the cylinder 10, a receiving cavity 61 for receiving the sleeve portion 51 is formed between the end plate 60 and the cover plate 40, a side wall of the cover plate 40 is provided with at least one notch 42 communicating with the receiving cavity 61, and the sleeve portion 51 of the hoop 50 can enter and exit the receiving cavity 61 through the notch 42; and, the piston body 20 passes through the end plate 60 to extend into the receiving chamber 61. The size of the accommodating cavity 61 cannot change along with the movement of the piston body 20, so that the sleeving part 51 is more convenient to install; when the piston body 20 moves into the cylinder 10, the band 50 is blocked by the end plate 60 and does not move along with the piston body 20 in the direction of the cylinder 10, and after the end 21 of the piston body is withdrawn from the accommodating cavity 61, the sleeve part 51 is separated from the piston body 20, so that the piston body can be more smoothly separated from the accommodating cavity 61, and the operation stability of the device is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the piston body 20 has a step 23, and the end plate 60 can abut against the step 23 to prevent the piston body 20 from moving out of the cylinder 10. When the outer diameter adjusting device of the centralizer provided by the invention is assembled, the piston body 20 can be applied with an outward acting force by the air pressure in the cavity of the cylinder body 10, the piston body 20 can be conveniently installed on the cylinder body 10 by abutting the end plate 60 with the step part 23, and the end plate 60 plays a role in positioning the piston body 20, thereby providing convenience for installing pins and matching the pins and the piston body. In some embodiments, the end 21 of the piston body has an outer diameter smaller than that of the sliding part 22 to form a step 23 at the junction of the end and the sliding part 22; in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the end portion 21 of the piston body has an outer diameter smaller than that of the sliding portion 22, and a boss having an outer diameter larger than that of the end portion 21 of the piston body is provided on the sliding portion 22 to form a step portion 23 at the junction of the end portion and the boss.
As shown in fig. 2, the cover plate 40 is provided with a cover plate through hole 41, and the end portion 21 of the piston body passes through the cover plate through hole 41 so as to be in contact with the drilling fluid in the annulus and bear the pressure in the annulus. Preferably, the end face of the end 21 of the piston body is provided with a groove 24, and the groove 24 can increase the contact area of the piston body 20 and the drilling fluid in the annulus.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a variable diameter centralizer comprising: a first end ring 91, a second end ring 92, a plurality of elastic centralizer strips 93, and an outer diameter adjusting device of the centralizer; one end of each elastic righting strip 93 is connected with the first end ring 91, and the other end is connected with the second end ring 92; the bands 50 are connected to the respective elastic centering bars 93, and the elastic centering bars 93 are tightened by the cylinder body 10, the piston body 20, the cover plate 30, and the pins 40.
In the middle cavity of the downhole well, each elastic centralizer strip 93 in the variable-diameter centralizer is tightly bound by the strap 50, and the outer diameter of the variable-diameter centralizer is smaller, so that the downhole friction resistance of the casing is reduced; after reaching the target depth, the band 50 loses its binding effect on the elastic centralizer strips 93 under the action of the pressure in the annulus of the borehole, and the outer diameter of the variable diameter centralizer is increased to fully exert the centralizing effect.
The pressure in the annulus will on the one hand increase with increasing depth and on the other hand it will also be possible to increase the pressure in the annulus by injecting drilling fluid into the borehole. The pressure in the annular space is utilized to automatically expand the outer diameter of the variable-diameter centralizer after the centralizer reaches the target depth, so that the downhole operation of the centralizer and the casing is simpler, the control is convenient, and the reliability is high.
Preferably, one end of the band 50 is provided with a socket 51, and the other end is fixed to the cylinder by a screw.
In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the elastic centering bars 93 is provided with a connecting buckle, and the bands 50 are inserted into the connecting buckles 80 to prevent the bands 50 from deviating from their positions on the elastic centering bars 93, so as to tighten the elastic centering bars 93 better and make the elastic centering bars contract inward.
Further, the connecting buckle 80 is disposed on the inner side of the elastic righting bar 93, and the band 50 is disposed through the connecting buckle 80, so that the band 50 is disposed on the inner side of the elastic righting bar 93. Therefore, on one hand, the elastic righting strip 93 can be conveniently pulled to deform inwards; in addition, the strap 50 and the cylinder 10 are prevented from colliding with the borehole during the process of running into the borehole, which is beneficial to smooth running of the casing into the borehole.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the resilient centering strip 93 has a single arcuate shape, and the single arcuate resilient centering strip 93 is more easily retracted inwardly by the band 50. Preferably, the connector link 80 is disposed in the middle of the elastic centering strip 93 to apply a force to the outward protrusion of the elastic centering strip 93.
After each elastic righting strip 93 is tightened by the strap 50, the outer diameter of the variable-diameter righting device can reach 165mm, and the inner diameter of the variable-diameter righting device can reach 146.7mm, so that the variable-diameter righting device can be conveniently sleeved outside the sleeve; after the band 50 loses the binding effect on the elastic righting strip 93, the outer diameter of the variable-diameter righting device can be expanded to 210mm, the length of the variable-diameter righting device is 515mm, and the righting effect on the sleeve can be fully exerted.
The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.