CN112407340B - A kind of multi-stage closing method of stamping parafoil - Google Patents
A kind of multi-stage closing method of stamping parafoil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于航天返回与着陆技术领域，涉及一种冲压翼伞多级收口方法。本发明是一种冲压翼伞的多级收口方法，利用收口圈组和收口绳组串联配合完成对收口气室组的锁死和解锁，并利用各级收口气室组之间的串行解锁关系，实现冲压翼伞的多级收口和展开。这种多级收口方法可以有效控制冲压翼伞的收口面积、收口级数等关键设计参数，并且只需采用一种规格的切割器，收口展开的可靠性也较高。
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace return and landing, and relates to a multi-stage closing method of a stamped parafoil. The invention is a multi-stage closing method for a stamped parafoil. The closing ring group and the closing rope group are used in series to complete the locking and unlocking of the closing air chamber group, and the serial unlocking between the closing air chamber groups at all levels is used. It can realize the multi-stage closing and unfolding of the stamping parafoil. This multi-stage closing method can effectively control the key design parameters such as the closing area and the number of closing stages of the stamping parafoil, and only one type of cutter is required, and the reliability of the opening of the opening is also high.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于航天返回与着陆技术领域，涉及一种实现冲压翼伞多级收口的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace return and landing, and relates to a method for realizing multi-stage closing of a stamped parafoil.
背景技术Background technique
随着航天技术的迅速发展，航天器的可重复使用成为当今研究的热点和方向。因此，在航天器回收领域，对无损着陆和定点着陆的要求也越来越高。为满足这样的需求趋势，翼伞技术在航天器回收技术领域得到了广泛的研究。冲压翼伞是一种具有滑翔能力的降落伞，可以使航天器回收由传统的“无控下落”变成“可控滑翔下落至预定区域”，克服了传统降落伞随风飘、着陆点散布大的缺点。同时，在着陆时冲压翼伞可采取“雀降”的方式瞬间降低航天器的速度，以实现无损着陆。冲压翼伞的优异性能预示着它将在航天器回收领域有着广泛的应用前景。With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the reusability of spacecraft has become the focus and direction of today's research. Therefore, in the field of spacecraft recovery, the requirements for non-destructive landing and fixed-point landing are also increasing. To meet such demand trends, parafoil technology has been extensively studied in the field of spacecraft recovery technology. The ram parachute is a kind of parachute with gliding ability, which can make the spacecraft recovery from the traditional "uncontrolled fall" to "controlled gliding and fall to the predetermined area", which overcomes the traditional parachute that floats with the wind and the landing site is scattered. shortcoming. At the same time, when landing, the ram-parafoil can instantly reduce the speed of the spacecraft in a "sparrow landing" method to achieve a non-destructive landing. The excellent performance of the ram parafoil indicates that it will have broad application prospects in the field of spacecraft recovery.
但由于一般航天器的重量较大，必须使用大型冲压翼伞才能实现回收，大型冲压翼伞在开伞过程中会产生较大的载荷，现有的开伞方式对航天器产生较大的过载，导致航天器的结构或元器件受到破损。此外，大型冲压翼伞采用单级收口或无控开伞时也会出现开伞时充气量不足无法成型的问题，导致开伞失败。However, due to the large weight of the general spacecraft, a large ram-flying parafoil must be used to achieve recovery. The large-scale ram-flying parafoil will generate a large load during the parachute opening process, and the existing parachute opening method will cause a large overload to the spacecraft. , resulting in damage to the structure or components of the spacecraft. In addition, when a large ram-flying parafoil adopts a single-stage closing or uncontrolled opening, there will also be a problem that the amount of inflation cannot be formed when the umbrella is opened, resulting in the failure of opening the umbrella.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的技术解决问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提出一种冲压翼伞多级收口方法，该方法对大型冲压翼伞的气室进行多级收口，从而实现开伞载荷控制，同时保证大型冲压翼伞能够逐级充气成型。The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, a method for multi-stage closing of a stamped parafoil is proposed. Large stamped parafoils can be inflated step by step.
本发明的技术解决方案是：The technical solution of the present invention is:
一种冲压翼伞，该冲压翼伞的展开名义面积不小于200m2，该冲压翼伞分为若干个气室，冲压翼伞两端的若干个气室为未收口气室组，冲压翼伞两端的未收口气室组分别命名为未收口气室组A和未收口气室组B，冲压翼伞中间的若干个气室为未收口气室组，冲压翼伞中间的未收口气室组命名为未收口气室组C，在未收口气室组A和未收口气室组C之间包括一个以上的收口气室组，在未收口气室组B和未收口气室组C之间包括一个以上的收口气室组，相邻的两个收口气室组之间均有一个以上的未收口气室；A ram-flying parafoil, the unfolded nominal area of the ram-flying parafoil is not less than 200m 2 , the ram-flying parafoil is divided into several air chambers, the several air chambers at both ends of the ram-flying parafoil are unclosed air chamber groups, and the two ram-flying parafoils The unclosed air chamber groups at the ends are respectively named as unclosed air chamber group A and unclosed air chamber group B. Several air chambers in the middle of the ram wing are the unclosed air chamber groups, and the unclosed air chamber group in the middle of the ram wing is named. It is an unclosed air chamber group C, including more than one closed air chamber group between the unclosed air chamber group A and the unclosed air chamber group C, and between the unclosed air chamber group B and the unclosed air chamber group C. There is more than one closed air chamber group, and there are more than one unclosed air chamber between two adjacent closed air chamber groups;
冲压翼伞的收口气室组从左到右依次命名为一级收口气室组、二级收口气室组、三级收口气室组、四级收口气室组、…N级收口气室组；N为冲压翼伞的收口气室组的个数，且N为偶数；The closing air chamber groups of the stamped parafoil are named from left to right as the first closing air chamber group, the second closing air chamber group, the third closing air chamber group, the fourth closing air chamber group, and the N-level closing air chamber group. ; N is the number of the closing air chamber groups of the stamping parafoil, and N is an even number;
每个收口气室组的左侧安装收口绳组，收口气室组的右侧安装收口圈组，并命名收口绳组排序为从前缘到后缘，即靠近前缘的为第一根收口绳，靠近后缘的为最后一根收口绳，并命名收口圈组排序为从前缘到后缘，即靠近前缘的为第一个收口圈，靠近后缘的为最后一个收口圈；The closing rope group is installed on the left side of each closing air chamber group, and the closing ring group is installed on the right side of the closing air chamber group, and the closing rope group is named and sorted from the front edge to the rear edge, that is, the first closing rope is close to the front edge. , the one close to the trailing edge is the last closing rope, and the order of the closing circle groups is named from the leading edge to the trailing edge, that is, the one close to the leading edge is the first closing circle, and the one close to the trailing edge is the last closing circle;
一级收口气室组的前缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用伞绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the leading edge of the first-stage air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by a paracord;
二级收口气室组的后缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用一级收口气室组中收口绳组的最后一根收口绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the rear edge of the secondary air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the last closing rope of the closing rope group in the primary air chamber group;
三级收口气室组的前缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用二级收口气室组中收口绳组的第一根收口绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the front edge of the third-stage closing air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the first closing rope of the closing rope group in the second-stage closing air chamber group;
四级收口气室组的后缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用三级收口气室组中收口绳组的最后一根收口绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the rear edge of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the last closing rope of the closing rope group in the third-stage closing air chamber group;
…；…;
N级收口气室组的后缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用N-1级收口气室组中收口绳组的最后一根收口绳触发。A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the trailing edge of the N-level closing air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the last closing rope of the closing rope group in the N-1 level closing air chamber group.
一种冲压翼伞多级收口方法，该方法的步骤包括：A method for multi-stage closing of a stamped parafoil, the steps of which include:
(1)将一级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳穿过最后一个收口圈，从倒数第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其后相邻的收口绳，目的是将一级收口气室组锁死；将一级收口气室组的第一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，一级收口气室组的切割器用伞绳触发；(1) Pass the last closing rope of the first-level closing air chamber group through the last closing ring, starting from the penultimate closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the adjacent closing rope is to lock the first closing air chamber group; connect the first closing rope of the first closing air chamber group to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the first closing air chamber group uses an umbrella rope trigger;
(2)将二级收口气室组的第一根收口绳穿过第一个收口圈，从第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其前相邻的收口绳，目的是将二级收口气室组锁死；将二级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，二级收口气室组的切割器用一级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳触发；(2) Pass the first closing rope of the secondary closing air chamber group through the first closing ring, starting from the second closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the closing rope adjacent to the front is to lock the second closing air chamber group; connect the last closing rope of the second closing air chamber group to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the second closing air chamber group is connected with the first closing air chamber. The last closing rope of the tone chamber group is triggered;
(3)将三级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳穿过最后一个收口圈，从倒数第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其后相邻的收口绳，目的是将三级收口气室组锁死；将三级收口气室组的第一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，三级收口气室组的切割器用二级收口气室组的第一根收口绳触发；(3) Pass the last closing rope of the third-stage closing air chamber group through the last closing ring, starting from the penultimate closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the row on the other side. The purpose of the closing rope adjacent to the rear is to lock the third-stage closing air chamber group; the first closing rope of the third-stage closing air chamber group is connected to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the third-stage closing air chamber group is connected with the second-stage closing rope. The first closing rope of the closing air chamber group is triggered;
(4)将四级收口气室组的第一根收口绳穿过第一个收口圈，从第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其前相邻的收口绳，目的是将四级收口气室组锁死；将四级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，四级收口气室组的切割器用三级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳触发；(4) Pass the first closing rope of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group through the first closing ring, starting from the second closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the front adjacent closing rope is to lock the fourth-stage closing air chamber group; the last closing rope of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group is connected to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group is connected with the third-stage closing rope. The last closing rope of the tone chamber group is triggered;
….….
(5)将N级收口气室组的第一根收口绳穿过第一个收口圈，从第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其前相邻的收口绳，目的是将N级收口气室组锁死；将N级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，N级收口气室组的切割器用N-1级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳触发；(5) Pass the first closing rope of the N-level closing air chamber group through the first closing ring, starting from the second closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the front adjacent closing rope is to lock the N-level closing air chamber group; connect the last closing rope of the N-level closing air chamber group to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the N-level closing air chamber group uses N-1 The last closing rope of the stage closing air chamber group is triggered;
(6)冲压翼伞开伞时，伞绳拉直，触发一级收口气室组的切割器，延时设定时间后，在这段设定时间里所有收口气室组受收口绳组和收口圈组的限制无法展开，冲压翼伞的阻力面积小，从而降低了开伞载荷，延时设定时间过后，一级收口气室组的切割器将一级收口气室组的切割绳切断，一级收口气室组的第一个收口绳解锁，利用一级收口气室组中气室之间的张力，将一级收口气室组的第一个收口绳从第一个收口圈和第二个收口绳中抽出，并将第二个收口绳解锁，以此向下收口绳组逐一解锁，实现一级收口气室组的解锁；一级收口气室组最后一个收口绳解锁时拉直，触发二级收口气室组的切割器，延时设定时间后，将二级收口气室组切割绳切断，二级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳解锁，按照与一级收口解锁相同的方式，二级收口气室组解锁，二级收口气室组的第一个收口绳拉直触发三级收口气室组的切割器，以此往复，最终完成N级收口气室组的解锁，实现冲压翼伞的逐级开伞。(6) When the stamping parafoil is opened, the parachute rope is straightened, and the cutter of the first-stage closing air chamber group is triggered. After delaying the set time, all the closing air chamber groups are affected by the closing rope group and the closing air chamber group during the set time. The restriction of the closing ring group cannot be unfolded, and the resistance area of the stamped parafoil is small, thus reducing the opening load. After the delay set time, the cutter of the first closing air chamber group cuts the cutting rope of the first closing air chamber group. , the first closing rope of the first closing air chamber group is unlocked, using the tension between the air chambers in the first closing air chamber group, the first closing rope of the first closing air chamber group is removed from the first closing ring and the Pull out the second closing rope and unlock the second closing rope, so that the downward closing rope groups are unlocked one by one to realize the unlocking of the first-level closing air chamber group; when the last closing rope of the first-level closing air chamber group is unlocked, pull Straight, trigger the cutter of the second-level closing air chamber group, after delaying the set time, cut off the cutting rope of the second-level closing air chamber group, and unlock the last closing rope of the second-level closing air chamber group. In the same way, the second-level closing air chamber group is unlocked, and the first closing rope of the second-level closing air chamber group is straightened to trigger the cutter of the third-level closing air chamber group, and so on and so forth, and finally the N-level closing air chamber group is completed. Unlock it to realize the step-by-step opening of the ram parafoil.
展开名义面积为150-200m2的冲压翼伞采用两级收口，展开名义面积为201-300m2的冲压翼伞采用四级收口，展开名义面积为301-500m2的冲压翼伞采用六级收口。The stamped parafoil with a nominal unfolded area of 150-200m2 adopts a two -stage closure, the stamped parafoil with a nominal unfolded area of 201-300m2 adopts a four - stage closure, and the stamped parafoil with a nominal unfolded area of 301-500m2 adopts a six-stage closure .
有益效果beneficial effect
(1)本发明的冲压翼伞多级收口方法可自由选择的收口面积、收口级数和逐级展开的时间，有效控制开伞载荷。(1) The multi-stage closing method of the stamped parafoil of the present invention can freely select the closing area, the number of closing stages and the stage-by-stage unfolding time, so as to effectively control the opening load.
(2)本发明由采用串联触发方式实现了翼伞的多级收口，降低了对切割器的规格要求，一种规划或多种规格的切割器均可完成冲压翼伞的多级收口。(2) The present invention realizes the multi-stage closing of the parafoil by adopting the series triggering method, which reduces the specification requirements for the cutter, and a cutter of one design or multiple specifications can complete the multi-level closing of the stamping parafoil.
(3)本发明未收口气室和收口气室的交替布置方式可保证冲压翼伞顺利收口展开，不会展开过程中塌陷的现象，提高了多级收口的可靠性。(3) The alternate arrangement of the unretracted air chambers and the retracted air chambers of the present invention can ensure the smooth opening of the stamped parafoil, without the phenomenon of collapse during the unfolding process, and improve the reliability of the multi-stage closing.
(4)本发明冲压翼伞多级收口方法，可使伞衣逐级打开，气室分多阶段完成充气，可保证大型翼伞能够充气成型。(4) The multi-stage closing method of the stamping parafoil of the present invention can make the canopy open step by step, and the air chamber can be inflated in multiple stages, which can ensure that the large parafoil can be inflated and formed.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1多级收口气室分布示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of multi-stage closing air chambers;
图2收口圈装置示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a closing ring device;
图3收口绳装置示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the closing rope device;
图4一级收口气室收口绳安装示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the closing rope of the first-level closing air chamber;
图5二级收口气室收口绳安装示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the closing rope of the secondary closing air chamber;
图6收口气室解锁过程示意图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the unlocking process of the closing air chamber.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
冲压翼伞多级收口装置由收口气室、收口绳装置、收口圈装置、切割器和切割绳组成。先要对大型冲压翼伞划分区域，已确定不收口气室、一级收口气室、二级收口气室、三级收口气室等多级收口气室的分布，如图1所示。收口圈装置安装在收口气室翼肋底部，如图2所示。收口绳装置安装在远离下一级收口气室的翼肋底部，如图3所示。一级收口的切割器安装在前缘，二级收口的切割器安装在后缘，三级收口的切割器安装在前缘，以此交替往复。切割绳穿过切割器和第一个收口绳或最后一个收口绳。The multi-stage closing device of the stamping parafoil is composed of a closing air chamber, a closing rope device, a closing ring device, a cutter and a cutting rope. First, the large-scale stamping parafoil must be divided into areas, and the distribution of multi-stage closing air chambers such as non-retracting air chambers, first-level closing air chambers, second-level closing air chambers, and third-level closing air chambers has been determined, as shown in Figure 1. The closing ring device is installed at the bottom of the rib of the closing air chamber, as shown in Figure 2. The closing rope device is installed at the bottom of the rib away from the lower closing air chamber, as shown in Figure 3. The cutter of the first-stage closing is installed on the leading edge, the cutter of the second-stage closing is installed on the trailing edge, and the cutter of the third-stage closing is installed on the leading edge, so as to reciprocate alternately. The cutting rope is passed through the cutter and the first or last cuff.
进行收口安装时，一级收口气室从冲压翼伞后缘向前缘安装收口绳，将最后一个收口绳穿过所有与其同一位置处的收口圈。从倒数第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其后的收口绳，直至所有收口绳都穿过对应收口圈，将一级收口气室锁死。在一级收口装置的前端，将第一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，如图4所示。二级收口气室收口方式与一级收口气室基本相同，不同点是从前缘向后缘安装收口绳，切割器安装在后缘，切割器采用一级收口的最后一个收口绳触发，如图5所示。三级收口气室收口方式与一级收口气室收口方式相同，但切割器采用二级收口的第一个收口绳触发。以此交替往复。During the closing installation, the first closing air chamber installs the closing rope from the rear edge of the stamped parafoil to the leading edge, and passes the last closing rope through all the closing circles at the same position as it. From the penultimate closing rope, pass the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring at the same time, and also pass through the closing rope behind it, until all the closing ropes pass through the corresponding closing ring, and lock the first closing air chamber. . At the front end of the primary closing device, connect the first closing cord to the cutter with a cutting cord, as shown in Figure 4. The closing method of the secondary closing air chamber is basically the same as that of the first closing air chamber. The difference is that the closing rope is installed from the front edge to the rear edge, the cutter is installed on the rear edge, and the cutter is triggered by the last closing rope of the first closing, as shown in the figure. 5 shown. The closing method of the tertiary closing air chamber is the same as that of the first closing air chamber, but the cutter is triggered by the first closing rope of the second closing air chamber. Repeat this alternately.
冲压翼伞在收口解除时，伞绳触发一级收口切割器，延时将切割绳切断，一级收口的第一个收口绳解锁，从收口圈和第二个收口绳中抽出，第二个收口绳也同时解锁，以此向下逐一解锁，直至最后一个收口绳解锁，至此一级收口气室展开。一级收口最后一个收口绳解锁时触发二级收口的切割器，延时后将切割绳切断，二级收口的最后一个收口绳解锁，按照与一级收口解锁相同的方式，二级收口气室解锁，第一个收口绳拉直触发三级收口的切割器。以此往复，如图6所示。最终试验各级收口气室逐级解锁。When the stamping parafoil is released from the closing, the paracord triggers the first-level closing cutter, and the cutting rope is cut off after a delay. The closing ropes are also unlocked at the same time, so that they are unlocked one by one, until the last closing rope is unlocked, and the first-level closing air chamber is unfolded. When the last closing rope of the first-level closing is unlocked, the cutter of the second-level closing is triggered, and the cutting rope is cut off after a delay, and the last closing rope of the second-level closing is unlocked. In the same way as the first-level closing, the second-level closing air chamber Unlocked, the first closing rope is straightened to trigger the cutter for the third-stage closing. This reciprocation, as shown in Figure 6. In the final test, the closing air chambers at all levels are unlocked step by step.
一种采用冲压翼伞多级收口的方法，利用收口圈和收口绳串联配合完成对一级收口气室的锁死和解锁。以此为基础，在多级收口时，利用上一级收口气室最后解除收口的收口绳触发下一级收口气室的切割器，延时后解除收口，再触发更下一级收口气室的切割器，以此往复，建立多级收口气室的串行解锁关系，从而实现冲压翼伞的多级收口和展开。The invention discloses a method for multi-stage closing of a stamped parafoil. The closing ring and the closing rope are used in series to complete the locking and unlocking of the first-level closing air chamber. Based on this, in multi-stage closing, use the closing rope that finally releases the closing of the upper closing air chamber to trigger the cutter of the next closing air chamber, release the closing after a delay, and then trigger the next closing air chamber. The cutter reciprocates in this way to establish a serial unlocking relationship of the multi-stage closing air chambers, so as to realize the multi-stage closing and unfolding of the stamping parafoil.
本发明属于航天返回与着陆技术领域，涉及一种冲压翼伞多级收口方法。冲压翼伞是一种具有滑翔能力的降落伞，可以实现航天器定点无损回收，未来在航天器回收领域有着广泛的应用前景。对于载重较大的航天器需要使用大型冲压翼伞才能实现回收。为了降低开伞载荷，大型冲压翼伞在设计时需要利用多级收口方法对开伞载荷进行控制。本发明是一种冲压翼伞的多级收口方法，利用收口圈和收口绳串联配合完成对一级收口气室的锁死和解锁，并利用各级收口之间的串行解锁关系，实现冲压翼伞的多级收口和展开。这种多级收口方法可以有效控制冲压翼伞的收口面积、收口级数等关键设计参数，并且只需采用一种规格的切割器，收口展开的可靠性也较高。The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace return and landing, and relates to a multi-stage closing method of a stamped parafoil. Ramping parafoil is a kind of parachute with gliding ability, which can realize fixed-point non-destructive recovery of spacecraft, and has broad application prospects in the field of spacecraft recovery in the future. For the spacecraft with heavier load, it is necessary to use a large ram parafoil to achieve recovery. In order to reduce the opening load, the design of large ram-foil parafoils needs to use a multi-stage closing method to control the opening load. The invention is a multi-stage closing method for stamping a parafoil. The closing ring and the closing rope are used in series to complete the locking and unlocking of the first closing air chamber. Multi-stage closing and deployment of the parafoil. This multi-stage closing method can effectively control the key design parameters such as the closing area and the number of closing stages of the stamped parafoil, and only one type of cutter is required, and the reliability of the opening of the opening is also high.
实施例Example
如图1-6所示，一种冲压翼伞，该冲压翼伞的展开名义面积为300m2，该冲压翼伞分为25个气室，冲压翼伞左端的3个气室为未收口气室组A，冲压翼伞右端的3个气室为未收口气室组B，冲压翼伞中间的3个气室为未收口气室组C，在未收口气室组A和未收口气室组C之间包括一级收口气室组、二级收口气室组，在未收口气室组B和未收口气室组C之间包括三级收口气室组、四级收口气室组，一级收口气室组和二级收口气室组之间有两个气室作为未收口气室组，三级收口气室组和四级收口气室组之间有两个气室作为未收口气室组；As shown in Figure 1-6, a ram-flying parafoil has a nominal unfolded area of 300m 2 , the ram-flying parafoil is divided into 25 air chambers, and the 3 air chambers at the left end of the ram-flying parafoil are unclosed air. Chamber group A, the 3 air chambers at the right end of the ram wing umbrella are the unclosed air chamber group B, and the 3 air chambers in the middle of the ram wing umbrella are the unclosed air chamber group C. In the unclosed air chamber group A and the unclosed air chamber Group C includes the first-level closed air chamber group and the second-level closed air chamber group, and between the unclosed air chamber group B and the unclosed air chamber group C includes the third-level closed air chamber group and the fourth-level closed air chamber group, There are two air chambers between the first-level closed air chamber group and the second-level closed air chamber group as the unclosed air chamber group, and there are two air chambers between the third-level closed air chamber group and the fourth-level closed air chamber group as the unclosed air chamber group. tone chamber group;
每个收口气室组的左侧安装收口绳组，收口气室组的右侧安装收口圈组，并命名收口绳组排序为从前缘到后缘，即靠近前缘的为第一根收口绳，靠近后缘的为最后一根收口绳，并命名收口圈组排序为从前缘到后缘，即靠近前缘的为第一个收口圈，靠近后缘的为最后一个收口圈；The closing rope group is installed on the left side of each closing air chamber group, and the closing ring group is installed on the right side of the closing air chamber group, and the closing rope group is named and sorted from the front edge to the rear edge, that is, the first closing rope is close to the front edge. , the one close to the trailing edge is the last closing rope, and the order of the closing circle groups is named from the leading edge to the trailing edge, that is, the one close to the leading edge is the first closing circle, and the one close to the trailing edge is the last closing circle;
一级收口气室组的前缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用伞绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the leading edge of the first-stage air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by a paracord;
二级收口气室组的后缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用一级收口气室组中收口绳组的最后一根收口绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the rear edge of the secondary air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the last closing rope of the closing rope group in the primary air chamber group;
三级收口气室组的前缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用二级收口气室组中收口绳组的第一根收口绳触发；A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the front edge of the third-stage closing air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the first closing rope of the closing rope group in the second-stage closing air chamber group;
四级收口气室组的后缘安装切割绳和切割器，切割器使用三级收口气室组中收口绳组的最后一根收口绳触发。A cutting rope and a cutter are installed on the rear edge of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group, and the cutter is triggered by the last closing rope of the closing rope group in the third-stage closing air chamber group.
一种冲压翼伞多级收口方法，该方法的步骤包括：A method for multi-stage closing of a stamped parafoil, the steps of which include:
(1)将一级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳穿过最后一个收口圈，从倒数第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其后相邻的收口绳，目的是将一级收口气室组锁死；将一级收口气室组的第一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，一级收口气室组的切割器用伞绳触发；(1) Pass the last closing rope of the first-level closing air chamber group through the last closing ring, starting from the penultimate closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the adjacent closing rope is to lock the first closing air chamber group; connect the first closing rope of the first closing air chamber group to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the first closing air chamber group uses an umbrella rope trigger;
(2)将二级收口气室组的第一根收口绳穿过第一个收口圈，从第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其前相邻的收口绳，目的是将二级收口气室组锁死；将二级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，二级收口气室组的切割器用一级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳触发；(2) Pass the first closing rope of the secondary closing air chamber group through the first closing ring, starting from the second closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the closing rope adjacent to the front is to lock the second closing air chamber group; connect the last closing rope of the second closing air chamber group to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the second closing air chamber group is connected with the first closing air chamber. The last closing rope of the tone chamber group is triggered;
(3)将三级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳穿过最后一个收口圈，从倒数第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其后相邻的收口绳，目的是将三级收口气室组锁死；将三级收口气室组的第一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，三级收口气室组的切割器用二级收口气室组的第一根收口绳触发；(3) Pass the last closing rope of the third-stage closing air chamber group through the last closing ring, starting from the penultimate closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the row on the other side. The purpose of the closing rope adjacent to the rear is to lock the third-stage closing air chamber group; the first closing rope of the third-stage closing air chamber group is connected to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the third-stage closing air chamber group is connected with the second-stage closing rope. The first closing rope of the closing air chamber group is triggered;
(4)将四级收口气室组的第一根收口绳穿过第一个收口圈，从第二个收口绳起，将收口绳穿过对应的收口圈的同时，还穿过排在其前相邻的收口绳，目的是将四级收口气室组锁死；将四级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳与切割器用切割绳连接，四级收口气室组的切割器用三级收口气室组的最后一根收口绳触发；(4) Pass the first closing rope of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group through the first closing ring, starting from the second closing rope, while passing the closing rope through the corresponding closing ring, it also passes through the second closing rope. The purpose of the front adjacent closing rope is to lock the fourth-stage closing air chamber group; the last closing rope of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group is connected to the cutter with a cutting rope, and the cutter of the fourth-stage closing air chamber group is connected with the third-stage closing rope. The last closing rope of the tone chamber group is triggered;
(5)冲压翼伞开伞时，伞绳拉直，触发一级收口气室组的切割器，延时设定时间后，在这段设定时间里所有收口气室组受收口绳组和收口圈组的限制无法展开，冲压翼伞的阻力面积小，从而降低了开伞载荷，延时设定时间过后，一级收口气室组的切割器将一级收口气室组的切割绳切断，一级收口气室组的第一个收口绳解锁，利用一级收口气室组中气室之间的张力，将一级收口气室组的第一个收口绳从第一个收口圈和第二个收口绳中抽出，并将第二个收口绳解锁，以此向下收口绳组逐一解锁，实现一级收口气室组的解锁；一级收口气室组最后一个收口绳解锁时拉直，触发二级收口气室组的切割器，延时设定时间后，将二级收口气室组切割绳切断，二级收口气室组的最后一个收口绳解锁，按照与一级收口解锁相同的方式，二级收口气室组解锁，二级收口气室组的第一个收口绳拉直触发三级收口气室组的切割器，以此往复，最终完成四级收口气室组的解锁，实现冲压翼伞的逐级开伞。(5) When the stamping parafoil is opened, the parachute rope is straightened to trigger the cutter of the first-level closing air chamber group. After the set time is delayed, all the closing air chamber groups are affected by the closing rope group and the closing air chamber group during the set time. The restriction of the closing ring group cannot be unfolded, and the resistance area of the stamped parafoil is small, thus reducing the opening load. After the delay set time, the cutter of the first closing air chamber group cuts the cutting rope of the first closing air chamber group. , the first closing rope of the first closing air chamber group is unlocked, using the tension between the air chambers in the first closing air chamber group, the first closing rope of the first closing air chamber group is removed from the first closing ring and the Pull out the second closing rope and unlock the second closing rope, so that the downward closing rope groups are unlocked one by one to realize the unlocking of the first-level closing air chamber group; when the last closing rope of the first-level closing air chamber group is unlocked, pull Straight, trigger the cutter of the second-level closing air chamber group, after delaying the set time, cut off the cutting rope of the second-level closing air chamber group, and unlock the last closing rope of the second-level closing air chamber group. In the same way, the second-level closing air chamber group is unlocked, and the first closing rope of the second-level closing air chamber group is straightened to trigger the cutter of the third-level closing air chamber group, and so on and so forth, and finally the fourth-level closing air chamber group is completed. Unlock, realize the step-by-step opening of the ram wing.
本发明进行了空投试验，试验表明采用本发明的多级收口方法与无控开伞相比可将开伞载荷降低50％以上，且未出现开伞时充气量不足无法成型的问题。The present invention has carried out an airdrop test, and the test shows that the multi-stage closing method of the present invention can reduce the parachute opening load by more than 50% compared with uncontrolled parachute opening, and there is no problem of insufficient inflation and unable to form the parachute when the parachute is opened.
本发明未详细说明部分属于本领域技术人员公知常识。The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.
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