CN112406914B - Nuclear power high-speed train operation system and operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear power high-speed train running system which comprises a main control system arranged on a train, and a nuclear power device, a monitoring device, an energy dissipation device and a diesel engine device which are connected with the main control system; the nuclear power plant comprises a nuclear reactor device and a comprehensive propulsion device which are used for providing energy for train operation; the energy dissipation device is connected with the nuclear reactor device and is used for taking out the redundant energy and gas of the reactor; the comprehensive propulsion device is used for converting nuclear energy of the nuclear reactor device into energy for train operation; the monitoring device is connected with the nuclear reactor device through the main control system and is used for monitoring and acquiring performance parameters of the nuclear power device; the nuclear power device is applied to the high-speed train, the nuclear energy is used as the energy supply of the train, the energy supply is stable, the running cost of the high-speed train is greatly reduced, and the problems of huge energy consumption and frequent bow net power supply faults of the conventional high-speed train energy supply mode are solved.

Description

A nuclear power high-speed train operating system and operating method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transportation, in particular to a nuclear power high-speed train operating system and an operating method.

Background technique

In the past 10 years, my country's high-speed rail industry has advanced by leaps and bounds. By the end of 2019, the operating mileage of my country's high-speed railways had reached 35,000 kilometers. The high-speed train obtains electric energy from the catenary wire through the pantograph slide to drive the train. According to relevant data, high-speed trains maintain a running speed of 350km/h and consume about 10,000 degrees of electricity per hour. According to the standard of one yuan for industrial electricity consumption, it costs 10,000 yuan to run for one hour, which is a huge expense. ; The existing high-speed train energy supply method consumes a lot of energy, and pantograph-catenary power supply failures occur frequently with the increase of operating speed, which limits the further development of high-speed train operating speed. As a new energy source, nuclear energy is clean, non-polluting, and almost zero-emission, and nuclear fuel produces a large amount of energy and has a long replacement cycle; threat is greatly reduced. Therefore, using nuclear energy as the energy supply of trains is a train driving method with great prospects.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a nuclear-powered high-speed train operating system and method, which solves the problems of huge energy consumption and frequent pantograph-catenary power supply failures in existing high-speed train energy supply methods.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A nuclear power high-speed train operating system, which includes a main control system arranged on the train, and a nuclear power device connected to the main control system, a monitoring device, an energy dissipation device and a diesel engine device;

The nuclear power device includes a nuclear reactor device and an integrated propulsion device used to provide energy for train operation; the energy dissipation device is connected to the nuclear reactor device, and the energy dissipation device is used to take out excess energy and gas from the reactor; the integrated propulsion device is used to drive the nuclear reactor The nuclear energy of the device is converted into energy for train operation; the monitoring device is connected with the nuclear reactor device through the main control system, and the monitoring device is used to monitor and collect the performance parameters of the nuclear power device; the diesel engine device is the backup driving energy for the train. This program applies nuclear power devices to high-speed trains and uses nuclear energy as the energy supply of trains. The energy supply is stable, which greatly reduces the operating cost of high-speed trains, and solves the problem of huge energy consumption and bowing of existing high-speed train energy supply methods. The problem of frequent power supply failures.

Further, as a specific implementation of the integrated propulsion device, the integrated propulsion device includes a steam generator, a steam cycle device, a steam turbine unit and a transmission device connected to the train wheels, the steam generator is connected to the nuclear reactor device, and the steam generator will The nuclear energy of the nuclear reactor device is converted into steam energy, and the flowing steam generated by the steam generator flows into the steam turbine unit through the steam cycle device, and the steam turbine unit drives the transmission device, and the steam turbine unit is also used to provide air intake and exhaust for the nuclear reactor unit; the transmission device Used to drive trains.

Further, the nuclear power plant also includes a power device, which includes a nuclear power generating set and a storage battery connected to the nuclear power generating set; the power device is connected to the train power system, and the power device supplies power to electrical equipment in the train.

Further, the nuclear reactor device is provided with a reactor power control device, and the reactor power control device includes a lift control device, a distance sensor, a neutron detector, and a display device that are all electrically connected to the main control system; the lift control device is used to control the nuclear reactor The position and depth of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool in the device; the display device is used to display the signals collected by the distance sensor and the neutron detector. The reactor power control device automatically tracks the change of the required power of the train to adjust the nuclear reaction rate and limit the release speed of nuclear energy within a certain range.

Further, the monitoring device includes a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of air pressure sensors and a plurality of nuclear radiation monitors electrically connected to the main control system; a plurality of temperature sensors and air pressure sensors are arranged in the nuclear reactor device; a plurality of nuclear radiation monitoring The instrument is set outside the nuclear reactor device and is used to collect nuclear radiation from the external environment of the nuclear reactor device.

Further, the energy dissipating device includes a bidirectional air guiding pipeline, one end of which is in communication with the nuclear power plant, and the other end is in communication with the outside world, and valves and air extractors are arranged on the bidirectional air guiding pipeline. Start the air extractor to take out the excess energy and gas in the nuclear power plant through the two-way air guide pipe. The energy dissipation device also includes an air cooling cycle device and a liquid cooling cycle device for lowering the temperature.

Further, the diesel engine device includes a diesel engine and a generator connected to the diesel engine.

The present invention also provides a nuclear powered high-speed train operating method, which includes the following steps:

Step 1: Initialize the main control system, turn on the nuclear power plant, reactor power control device, and monitoring device in sequence;

Step 2: Adjust the lifting control device to lift the nuclear material rod out of the reaction pool, start the nuclear reaction, and change the nuclear reaction rate. The nuclear reaction rate changes according to the different speeds of the train;

Step 3: Use the distance sensor to detect the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool, the neutron detector to detect the nuclear power, and judge whether the nuclear reaction is smooth according to the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool fed back by the distance sensor and the nuclear power detected by the neutron detector Start, if so, go to step 4, otherwise return to step 2;

Step 4: After the reactor power control device receives the acceleration command from the main control system, adjust the lifting control device to completely lift the nuclear rod into the reaction pool, use the neutron detector to detect the nuclear power, the temperature sensor to detect the temperature, and the air pressure sensor to detect the pressure 1. The nuclear radiation instrument detects the radiation, and compares each data collected with the standard value preset by the main control system. If any data exceeds the standard value, then enter step five, otherwise, the train will run at a constant speed after the speed increase is completed;

Step 5: Turn off the nuclear power plant and the reactor power control device, start the energy dissipation device at the same time to take out the excess energy or gas in the nuclear reactor device, and then start the diesel engine device to generate electricity to drive the train to continue running;

Step 6: When the deceleration or braking command is received, close or reduce the steam intake of the steam turbine unit, and open the energy dissipation device to take out excess steam and energy, and then close the energy dissipation device.

The method for changing the nuclear reaction rate in step 2 further includes:

A1: Adjust the steam intake of the steam turbine unit through the main control system according to the preset driving speed;

A2: The main control system controls the lifting operation device to change the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool according to the actual steam intake, and the neutron detector monitors the nuclear power in real time and feeds back the collected signal to the main control system;

A3: The main control system compares in real time whether the nuclear power and the steam intake have reached a balance, if so, keep it, otherwise change the position of the nuclear material rod.

The method for taking out the excess energy of the nuclear reactor device 6 through the energy dissipating device 4 is specifically as follows:

B1: Turn on the air extractor to extract the high-temperature gas in the nuclear power plant, and the high-temperature gas enters into the bidirectional air guide pipe;

B2: Open the valve to communicate with the outside air, and turn on the two air-cooling fans in the air-cooling circulation cooling device;

B3: Turn on the liquid cooling circulation cooling device, the cooling liquid enters the nuclear power plant along the gas pipeline, and circulates in the nuclear power plant and the energy dissipation device;

B4: After a fixed period of time, close the valve, the air-cooling cycle cooling device and the liquid cooling cycle cooling device, and open the intake machine to ensure that the air pressure in the nuclear power plant returns to the standard value.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention changes the traditional pantograph-catenary sliding electric contact current receiving mode, avoids train safety problems caused by pantograph-catenary faults; breaks through the energy transfer limit of traditional pantograph-catenary sliding contact current receiving, and further The speed of high-speed trains has been improved; the use of nuclear energy as the energy supply of high-speed trains has good environmental adaptability, long continuous running time, and stable energy supply, which greatly reduces the operating costs of high-speed trains.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear powered high-speed train operating system.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the nuclear power plant and the energy dissipation device.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring device and the reactor power control device.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for operating a nuclear-powered high-speed train.

Among them, 1. Main control system; 2. Nuclear power plant; 3. Monitoring device; 4. Energy dissipation device; 5. Diesel engine device; 6. Nuclear reactor device; 7. Steam generator; 8. Steam cycle device; 9. Steam turbine unit; 10. Generator set; 11. Train transmission device; 12. High-power battery; 13. Train; 14. Air extractor; 15. Air cooling cycle device; 16. Liquid cooling cycle device; 17. Air intake machine 18. Lifting control device; 19. Distance sensor; 20. Neutron detector; 21. Signal collector; 22. Digital chip device; 23. Temperature sensor; 24. Air pressure sensor.

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes Within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are included in the protection list.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a nuclear power high-speed train operating system provided by the present invention includes a main control system 1 arranged on a train 13, a nuclear power device 2 and a monitoring device 3 connected to the main control system 1 , the energy dissipating device 4 and the diesel engine device 5, the main control system 1 can be arranged in the first car in the train 13;

The nuclear power plant 2 can be arranged in the second compartment of the train 13, and the nuclear power plant 2 includes a nuclear reactor device 6 and an integrated propulsion device for providing energy for the operation of the train 13;

The nuclear reactor device 6 is provided with a reactor power control device, and the reactor power control device includes a lift control device 18, a distance sensor 19, a neutron detector 20, and a display device 22 that are all electrically connected to the main control system 1; the lift control device 18 It is used to control the position depth of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool in the nuclear reactor device 6 ; the display device 22 is used to display the signals collected by the distance sensor 19 and the neutron detector 20 . The reactor power control device automatically tracks the change of the required power of the train 13, thereby adjusting the nuclear reaction rate and limiting the release rate of nuclear energy within a certain range.

The monitoring device 3 includes a plurality of temperature sensors 23, a plurality of air pressure sensors 24 and a plurality of nuclear radiation monitors electrically connected to the main control system 1; a plurality of temperature sensors 23 and air pressure sensors 24 are all arranged in the nuclear reactor device 6; A nuclear radiation monitor is arranged on the outside of the nuclear reactor device 6, and a plurality of nuclear radiation monitors can be arranged on the outside of the second compartment for collecting the nuclear radiation of the nuclear reactor device 6 external environment. The model of the temperature sensor 23 is high-precision MPT614-GY, the model of the air pressure sensor 24 is MIK-P300, and the model of the nuclear radiation monitor is MR-50L/X.

The nuclear power plant 2 also includes an electric device, which includes a nuclear generator set 10 and a storage battery 12 connected to the nuclear generator set 10;

The energy dissipating device 4 is connected with the nuclear reactor device 6, and the energy dissipating device 4 is used to take out excess energy and gas of the reactor; the energy dissipating device 4 includes a two-way air guide pipeline, and one end of the two-way air guide pipeline communicates with the nuclear power plant 2 , the other end communicates with the outside world, and a valve and an air extractor 14 are arranged on the bidirectional air guide pipeline. Start the air extractor 14 to take out the excess energy and gas in the nuclear power plant 2 through the bidirectional air guide pipeline. The energy dissipating device 4 can also include an air cooling cycle cooling device 15, a liquid cooling cycle cooling device 16 and an air intake machine 17; the air cooling cycle cooling device 15 is provided with two air cooling fans connected with the main control system 1, and the air cooling The model of the cooling fan is a BF2-4Q4 fan; the liquid cooling cycle cooling device 16 includes a compressor connected to the main control system 1, a liquid cooling pipeline connected to the compressor, and the liquid cooling pipeline is filled with a lead-bismuth liquid alloy; the air cooling cycle Both the cooling device 15 and the liquid-cooling circulation cooling device 16 are connected with the bidirectional air-guiding pipeline.

As a specific embodiment of the integrated propulsion device, the integrated propulsion device includes a steam generator 7, a steam cycle device 8, a steam turbine unit 9 and a transmission device 11 connected to the wheels of the train 13, the steam generator 7 is connected to the nuclear reactor device 6, The steam generator 7 converts the nuclear energy in the nuclear reactor device 6 into steam energy, and the flowing steam generated by the steam generator 7 flows into the steam turbine unit 9 through the steam cycle device 8, and the steam turbine unit 9 drives the transmission device 11, and the steam turbine unit 9 also uses It is used to provide air intake and exhaust for the nuclear reactor device 6; the transmission device 11 is used to drive the train 13 to travel.

The monitoring device 3 is connected with the nuclear reactor device 6 through the main control system 1, and the monitoring device 3 is used for monitoring and collecting the performance parameters of the nuclear power device 2; the diesel engine device 5 includes a diesel engine and a generator connected with the diesel engine, and the diesel engine device 5 is used as a backup for the train 13 Driving energy can be used for temporary power supply of train 13 in some emergency situations.

This scheme applies nuclear power plant 2 to high-speed trains, and utilizes nuclear energy as the energy supply of train 13. The energy supply is stable, greatly reduces the operating cost of high-speed train 13, and solves the energy consumption of existing high-speed train 13 energy supply methods. Huge problem.

As shown in Fig. 4, the present invention also provides a kind of nuclear power high-speed train 1313 operating methods, and it comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Initialize the main control system 1, turn on the nuclear power plant 2, the reactor power control device, and the monitoring device 3 in sequence;

Step 2: adjust the lifting control device 18 to put the nuclear material rod out of the reaction pool, start the nuclear reaction, and the nuclear reaction rate changes according to the different driving speeds of the train 13;

Step 3: Detect the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool by the distance sensor 19, the neutron detector 20 detects the size of the nuclear power, and the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool is fed back by the distance sensor 19 and the neutron detector 20 detects the size of the nuclear power Determine whether the nuclear reaction has started smoothly, if so, go to step 4, otherwise return to step 2;

Step 4: After the reactor power control device receives the acceleration instruction from the main control system 1, adjust the lifting control device 18 to completely lift the nuclear rod into the reaction pool, use the neutron detector 20 to detect the nuclear power, and the temperature sensor 23 to detect the temperature, The air pressure sensor 24 detects the pressure, the nuclear radiation instrument detects the radiation, and compares each data collected with the standard value preset by the main control system 1. If any data exceeds the standard value, then enter step five, otherwise after the speed-up is completed, Train 13 travels at a constant speed;

Step 5: shut down the nuclear power plant 2 and the reactor power control device, start the energy dissipation device 4 at the same time to take out the excess energy or gas in the nuclear reactor device 6, and then start the diesel engine device 5 to generate electricity to drive the train 13 to continue running;

Step 6: When a deceleration or braking command is received, close or reduce the steam intake of the steam turbine unit 9, and open the energy dissipation device 4 to take out excess steam and energy, and then close the energy dissipation device 4.

The method for changing the nuclear reaction rate in step 2 further includes:

A1: According to the preset driving speed, adjust the steam intake volume of the steam turbine unit 9 through the main control system 1;

A2: The main control system 1 controls the lifting operation device 18 to change the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction pool according to the actual steam intake, and the neutron detector 20 monitors the nuclear power in real time and feeds back the collected signal to the main control system 1;

A3: The main control system 1 compares the nuclear power and the steam intake in real time to see if the balance is reached, if so, keep it, otherwise change the position of the nuclear material rod.

The method for taking out the excess energy of the nuclear reactor device 6 through the energy dissipating device 4 is specifically as follows:

B1: Turn on the air extractor to extract the high-temperature gas in the nuclear power plant, and the high-temperature gas enters into the bidirectional air guide pipe;

B2: Open the valve to communicate with the outside air, and turn on the two air-cooling fans in the air-cooling circulation cooling device;

B3: Turn on the liquid cooling circulation cooling device, the cooling liquid enters the nuclear power plant along the gas pipeline, and circulates in the nuclear power plant and the energy dissipation device;

B4: After a fixed period of time, close the valve, the air-cooling cycle cooling device and the liquid cooling cycle cooling device, and open the intake machine to ensure that the air pressure in the nuclear power plant returns to the standard value.

Claims (3)

1. A nuclear power high-speed train operation system is characterized by comprising a main control system (1) arranged on a train, and a nuclear power device (2), a monitoring device (3), an energy dissipation device (4) and a diesel engine device (5) which are connected with the main control system (1);

the nuclear power plant (2) comprises a nuclear reactor device (6) used for providing energy for train operation and a comprehensive propulsion device; the energy dissipation device (4) is connected with the nuclear reactor device (6), and the energy dissipation device (4) is used for carrying out redundant energy and gas of the nuclear reactor device (6); the energy dissipation device (4) comprises a bidirectional air guide pipeline, an air cooling circulation cooling device, a liquid cooling circulation cooling device and an air inlet machine, wherein one end of the bidirectional air guide pipeline is communicated with the nuclear power device (2), the other end of the bidirectional air guide pipeline is communicated with the outside, and a valve and an air pump (14) are arranged on the bidirectional air guide pipeline;

the comprehensive propulsion device is used for converting nuclear energy of the nuclear reactor device into energy for train operation; the comprehensive propulsion device comprises a steam generator (7), a steam circulating device (8), a steam turbine set (9) and a transmission device (11) connected with train wheels, wherein the steam turbine set (9) is connected with the nuclear reactor device (6) through the steam generator (7) and the steam circulating device (8), the steam turbine set (9) is used for providing a passage for air inlet and air outlet of the nuclear reactor device (6), and the steam turbine set (9) is connected with the transmission device (11);

the monitoring device (3) is connected with the nuclear reactor device (6) through the main control system (1), and the monitoring device (3) is used for monitoring and acquiring performance parameters of the nuclear power device (2); the diesel engine device (5) is a standby driving energy source for the train; the reactor power control device is arranged on the nuclear reactor device (6) and comprises a lifting control device (18), a distance sensor (19), a neutron detector (20) and a display device (22) which are electrically connected with the main control system (1); the lifting operating device (18) is used for controlling the position depth of a nuclear material rod in the reaction tank in the nuclear reactor device; the display device (22) is used for displaying the signals acquired by the distance sensor (19) and the neutron detector (20);

the monitoring device (3) comprises a plurality of temperature sensors (23), a plurality of air pressure sensors (24) and a plurality of nuclear radiation monitors which are electrically connected with the main control system (1); a plurality of said temperature sensors (23) and gas pressure sensors (24) are disposed within said nuclear reactor device; the nuclear radiation monitoring devices are arranged outside the nuclear reactor device and used for collecting nuclear radiation of the external environment of the nuclear reactor device;

the operation method of the nuclear power high-speed train operation system comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: initializing a main control system, and sequentially starting a nuclear power device, a reactor power control device and a monitoring device;

step two: lifting the nuclear material rod out of the reaction tank by adjusting the lifting control device, starting nuclear reaction and changing the nuclear reaction rate;

the method of altering the rate of a nuclear reaction further comprises:

a1: adjusting the steam inlet quantity of the steam turbine set through a main control system according to the preset running speed;

a2: the main control system controls the lifting control device to change the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction tank according to the actual steam inlet amount, and the neutron detector monitors the nuclear power in real time and feeds back the acquired signal to the main control system;

a3: the main control system compares whether the nuclear power and the steam inlet amount reach balance in real time, if so, the nuclear power and the steam inlet amount are kept, otherwise, the position of the nuclear material rod is changed;

step three: detecting the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction tank through the distance sensor, detecting the nuclear power by the neutron detector, judging whether the nuclear reaction starts smoothly according to the position of the nuclear material rod in the reaction tank fed back by the distance sensor and the nuclear power detected by the neutron detector, if so, entering the fourth step, otherwise, returning to the second step;

step four: when the reactor power control device receives an acceleration instruction of the main control system, the lifting control device is adjusted to completely lift the nuclear material rod out of the reaction tank, a neutron detector is adopted to detect the nuclear power, a temperature sensor is adopted to detect the temperature, an air pressure sensor is adopted to detect the pressure, a nuclear radiation instrument is adopted to detect the radiation, each acquired data is compared with a standard value preset by the main control system, if any data exceeds the standard value, the fifth step is carried out, otherwise, after the speed acceleration is finished, the train runs at a constant speed;

step five: closing the nuclear power device and the reactor power control device, simultaneously starting the energy dissipation device to take out excess energy or gas in the nuclear reactor device, and then starting the diesel engine device to generate electricity to drive the train to continuously run;

step six: when a deceleration or braking command is received, closing or reducing the steam inlet amount of the steam turbine set, opening the energy dissipation device to bring out redundant steam and energy, and then closing the energy dissipation device;

the method for carrying out the excess energy of the nuclear reactor device (6) by the energy dissipation device (4) comprises the following steps:

b1: starting an air extractor to extract high-temperature gas in the nuclear power device, wherein the high-temperature gas enters the bidirectional gas guide pipeline;

b2: opening a valve to communicate with the outside air, and starting two air cooling fans in the air cooling circulation cooling device;

b3: starting the liquid cooling circulating cooling device, wherein the cooling liquid enters the nuclear power device along the gas pipeline and circulates in the nuclear power device and the energy dissipation device;

b4: after a fixed time, the valve, the air cooling circulating cooling device and the liquid cooling circulating cooling device are closed, the air inlet machine is opened, and the air pressure in the nuclear power device is ensured to be recovered to a standard value.

2. The nuclear-powered high-speed train operating system according to claim 1, wherein the nuclear power plant (2) further comprises an electric power plant for supplying power to electric equipment in the train, the electric power plant comprising a nuclear power generating set (10) and a storage battery (12) connected to the nuclear power generating set (10); the power device is connected with a train power system.

3. Nuclear powered high speed train operation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the diesel means (5) comprises a diesel engine and a generator connected to the diesel engine.

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