CN1124004C - Business adaptable interface and synchronous broadcast method - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种ATM业务适配接口及其实现同播的方法,由广播表单元(3)识别出其中的同播及广播标志信息;根据同播及广播标志信息对VPI/VCI值进行切换并同步输出到多路信元流合成电路单元(6)进行合成并分别输出到同播或广播的通道的接收FIFO存储器中去。实施本发明的提供的业务适配接口及其同播实现方法,可直接检测到同播和广播信元,并自行完成相应的同播、广播处理,不仅减轻了ATM业务复接器的负担,而且保证了同播多路业务间的同步。
An ATM service adaptation interface and a method for realizing simulcast thereof, in which the simulcast and broadcast flag information are identified by the broadcast table unit (3); the VPI/VCI values are switched and synchronously output according to the simulcast and broadcast flag information to the multi-channel cell flow synthesizing circuit unit (6) for synthesizing and outputting them respectively to the receiving FIFO memory of the channel of simulcasting or broadcasting. Implementing the service adaptation interface provided by the present invention and its simulcast implementation method can directly detect simulcast and broadcast cells, and complete corresponding simulcast and broadcast processing by itself, which not only reduces the burden on the ATM service multiplexer, Moreover, the synchronization between simulcast and multi-channel services is guaranteed.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及网络技术,具体涉及一种ATM业务适配接口及其同播或广播的实现方法。The invention relates to network technology, in particular to an ATM service adaptation interface and a method for realizing simulcast or broadcast thereof.
背景技术Background technique
ATM业务适配接口实质上是为ATM网络与非ATM网络(PSTN、DDN、广电网等)提供一个互连互通的接口。ATM业务适配接口的种类及其性能是衡量ATM接入交换机性能的重要方面。很多业务如视频点播(VOD)、会议电视等,除了要支持点到点之间的通信外,还要支持点到多点的通信,即从某一输入端口来的信元需要在多个(同播)或所有(广播)输出端口输出。目前的ATM交换机大多都支持同播及广播功能。但尚未见到支持同播及广播功能的ATM业务适配接口模块(以下简称ATM业务适配模块)。在实际应用中,使ATM业务适配模块支持同播及广播功能是非常必要而有意义的。The ATM service adaptation interface is essentially an interface for interconnection and intercommunication between ATM network and non-ATM network (PSTN, DDN, broadcast network, etc.). The type and performance of the ATM service adaptation interface are important aspects to measure the performance of the ATM access switch. Many services, such as video on demand (VOD), conference TV, etc., not only need to support point-to-point communication, but also point-to-multipoint communication, that is, the cells from a certain input port need to be in multiple ( simulcast) or all (broadcast) output ports. Most of the current ATM switches support simulcast and broadcast functions. However, no ATM service adaptation interface module (hereinafter referred to as the ATM service adaptation module) supporting simulcast and broadcast functions has been seen yet. In practical application, it is very necessary and meaningful to enable the ATM service adaptation module to support simulcast and broadcast functions.
ATM业务适配模块一般都由ATM业务复接器汇合成高速信元后接到ATM交换机的一个端口上,反之亦然。具体说,ATM业务适配模块的一端连接非ATM的话音、数据、图象等多媒体终端,另一端输出的ATM信元流经ATM业务复接器汇合成高速信元流(155Mbps或622Mbps)后连接到ATM交换机的一个交换端口上;反之,ATM交换机的一个端口输出的信元要经过ATM业务复接器的分接后进入ATM业务适配模块,经ATM业务适配模块处理后输出非ATM的话音、数据、图象等信息到非ATM终端。由于ATM业务适配模块和ATM业务复接器之间只可能有一个信元接口,对不支持同播及广播功能的ATM业务适配模块来说,为了实现对多路业务的同播和广播,必须通过ATM业务复接器在信元接口上多次重复发送同一信元来实现信元的同播及广播。当接收到一个同播信元后,ATM业务复接器必须暂时停止对其它信元的发送,多次重复发送同一个同播信元到业务适配模块的多个同播通道。这种作法不但增加了ATM业务复接器的负担,而且造成了同播多路业务间的不同步(时延差别大),路数越多,影响越大。图1给出了现有技术的这种同播方法的示意图,为了实现对一个业务适配模块M个通道的广播,ATM业务复接器需要重复发送广播信元M次。The ATM service adaptation module is generally combined into a high-speed cell by the ATM service multiplexer and then connected to a port of the ATM switch, and vice versa. Specifically, one end of the ATM service adaptation module is connected to non-ATM multimedia terminals such as voice, data, and image, and the ATM cells output by the other end flow through the ATM service multiplexer to form a high-speed cell stream (155Mbps or 622Mbps). Connected to a switching port of the ATM switch; on the contrary, the cells output from one port of the ATM switch will enter the ATM service adaptation module after being tapped by the ATM service multiplexer, and then output non-ATM services after being processed by the ATM service adaptation module. Voice, data, image and other information to non-ATM terminals. Since there may only be one cell interface between the ATM service adaptation module and the ATM service multiplexer, for the ATM service adaptation module that does not support the simulcast and broadcast functions, in order to realize the simulcast and broadcast of multiple services , the same cell must be repeatedly sent on the cell interface through the ATM service multiplexer to realize the simulcast and broadcast of cells. After receiving a simulcast cell, the ATM service multiplexer must temporarily stop sending other cells, and repeatedly send the same simulcast cell to multiple simulcast channels of the service adaptation module. This approach not only increases the burden on the ATM service multiplexer, but also causes asynchrony between simulcast and multi-channel services (large delay difference), the more channels, the greater the impact. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the simulcasting method in the prior art. In order to realize the broadcasting of M channels of a service adaptation module, the ATM service multiplexer needs to repeatedly send broadcasting cells M times.
上述现有技术实现同播及广播的方法带有严重的缺陷,究其原因是因为ATM业务适配接口模块不能支持同播功能,其同播功能是靠ATM业务复接器重复发送同一信元来实现的。The above-mentioned existing technology realizes the method for simulcasting and broadcasting to have serious defects, traces it to its cause because ATM service adapter interface module can not support simulcasting function, and its simulcasting function is to repeatedly send the same cell by ATM service multiplexer to achieve.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种ATM业务适配接口,这种接口设备可以克服现有技术的缺陷,通过同播标志分析可以在ATM网络与非ATM网络之间方便快捷地实现的同播及广播传输。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ATM service adaptation interface, this interface equipment can overcome the defective of prior art, can realize the simulcast and broadcast conveniently and quickly between ATM network and non-ATM network by simulcast sign analysis transmission.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种由ATM业务适配接口实现同播及广播的方法,这种方法服现有技术的缺陷,在有效减轻传统ATM业务复接器的负担的同时,可以保证同播多路业务间的可靠同步。Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that realizes simulcasting and broadcasting by ATM service adaptation interface, this method overcomes the defective of prior art, while effectively alleviating the burden of traditional ATM service multiplexer, can guarantee Reliable synchronization between simulcast multicast services.
本发明的第一个目的是这样实现的,构造一种ATM业务适配接口,其特征在于包括移位电路单元1、信元头锁存电路单元2、同播信息查询电路单元(下称广播表)3、下行VPI/VCI(虚通道标识/虚通路标识)切换电路单元4、处理机接口电路单元5、多路信元流合成电路单元6、其中:所述移位电路单元1的输入端连接ATM业务复接器的输出端,所述信元锁存电路单元2通过所述移位电路单元1锁存来自ATM业务复接器的每个信元的信元头,所述广播表3的输入端连接所述信元头锁存电路单元2的输出端用以对所述信元头锁存电路单元2中存储的信元头进行识别,所述下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元4的输入端口连接到所述广播表3的输出端用以根据识别出的同播及广播标志信息完成相应同播通道的VPI/VCI切换,所述下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元4的输出端连接到所述多路信元流合成电路单元的输入端,用以将经VPI/VCI变换的多个VPI/VCI值同步输出到所述多路信元流合成电路单元中,所述多路信元流合成电路单元的另一个输入端连接所述移位电路单元1的信元净荷输出端,所述多路信元流合成电路单元的多个输出端分别连接到相对应通道的接收FIFO存储器的读/写端口。First purpose of the present invention is achieved like this, constructs a kind of ATM business adaptation interface, is characterized in that comprising shift circuit unit 1, cell header latch circuit unit 2, simulcast information query circuit unit (hereinafter referred to as broadcast Table) 3. Downlink VPI/VCI (virtual channel identification/virtual channel identification) switching circuit unit 4, processor interface circuit unit 5, multi-channel cell flow synthesis circuit unit 6, wherein: the input of the shift circuit unit 1 end is connected to the output end of the ATM service multiplexer, and the cell latch circuit unit 2 latches the cell header of each cell from the ATM service multiplexer through the shift circuit unit 1, and the broadcast table The input end of 3 is connected to the output end of the cell header latch circuit unit 2 to identify the cell header stored in the cell header latch circuit unit 2, and the downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit 4 The input port of the input port is connected to the output end of the broadcast table 3 in order to complete the VPI/VCI switching of the corresponding simulcast channel according to the identified simulcast and broadcast flag information, and the output end of the downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit 4 is connected to To the input end of the multi-channel cell stream synthesis circuit unit, for synchronously outputting multiple VPI/VCI values converted by VPI/VCI to the multi-channel cell stream synthesis circuit unit, the multi-channel signal stream The other input end of the element flow synthesis circuit unit is connected to the cell payload output end of the shift circuit unit 1, and the multiple output ends of the multi-channel cell flow synthesis circuit unit are respectively connected to the receiving FIFO of the corresponding channel Read/write port for memory.
本发明的另一个目的是这样实现的,构造一种由ATM业务适配接口实现同播的方法,所述ATM业务适配接口包括移位电路单元1、信元头锁存电路单元2、广播表3、下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元4、处理机接口电路单元5、多路信元流合成电路单元6、所述实现同播的方法包括以下步骤:Another object of the present invention is achieved in this way, construct a kind of method that realizes simulcast by ATM service adaptation interface, described ATM service adaptation interface comprises shift circuit unit 1, cell header latch circuit unit 2, broadcast Table 3, downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit 4, processor interface circuit unit 5, multi-channel cell flow synthesis circuit unit 6, the method for realizing simulcasting includes the following steps:
由所述信元头锁存电路单元1锁存从ATM业务复接器来的每个信元的信元头,并由所述广播表单元3识别出其中的同播及广播标志信息;Latch the cell header of each cell from the ATM service multiplexer by the cell header latch circuit unit 1, and identify the simulcast and broadcast flag information therein by the broadcast table unit 3;
所述下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元4根据由所述广播表单元3识别出的同播及广播标志信息,将一个VPI/VCI值转换成多个相对应的同播或广播通道的VPI/VCI值,并同步输出到多路信元流合成电路单元6;The downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit 4 converts a VPI/VCI value into VPI/VCI of multiple corresponding simulcast or broadcast channels according to the simulcast and broadcast flag information identified by the broadcast table unit 3 value, and synchronously output to the multi-channel cell stream synthesis circuit unit 6;
所述多路信元流合成电路单元6将转化后同步输出的多个信元头和移位电路输出的信元净荷进行合成并分别输出到同播或广播的通道的接收FIFO存储器中去。The multi-channel cell flow synthesis circuit unit 6 synthesizes the converted multiple cell headers output synchronously and the cell payload output by the shift circuit and outputs them respectively to the receiving FIFO memory of the simulcast or broadcast channel .
实施本发明的提供的业务适配接口及其同播实现方法,具有以下优点:直接由本发明提供的ATM业务适配接口检测到同播和广播信元,并自行完成相应的同播和广播处理,不仅仅减轻了ATM业务复接器的负担,而且保证了同播多路业务间的同步。Implementing the service adaptation interface provided by the present invention and its simulcasting implementation method has the following advantages: the ATM service adaptation interface provided by the present invention directly detects simulcast and broadcast cells, and completes the corresponding simulcast and broadcast processing by itself , not only lightens the burden of the ATM service multiplexer, but also ensures the synchronization between simulcast and multi-channel services.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例,进一步说明本发明的特点,附图中:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, further illustrate the characteristics of the present invention, in the accompanying drawing:
图1是现有技术为实现对一个业务板M通道的广播,ATM业务复接器需要重复发送广播信元M次的情况示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a situation in which an ATM service multiplexer needs to repeatedly send broadcast cells M times in order to realize broadcasting to M channels of a service board in the prior art.
图2示出了本发明同播方法实现多路信元广播及同播功能的原理框图。Fig. 2 shows a functional block diagram of realizing multi-channel cell broadcasting and simulcasting functions by the simulcasting method of the present invention.
图3示出了将本发明同播方法运用于12路电路仿真业务板的实例。Fig. 3 shows an example of applying the simulcast method of the present invention to a 12-way circuit emulation service board.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图2所示,当一个信元接收周期开始后(对ATM业务适配模块来说),业务适配模块上的同播模块在特定时隙锁存输入信元信元头中的VPI/VCI字段,根据VPI/VCI字段数值,由同播信息查询电路单元即广播单元3识别出同播和广播标志信息,根据同播和广播标志信息,由下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元4完成VPI/VCI切换,所述VPI/VCI切换实质是指从一个VPI/VCI值变换到另一个VPI/VCI值,因此VPI/VCI切换也可称VPI/VCI变换。切换后同步输出的多路信元头(此时,每个信元头分别包含一个VPI/VCI值,各个信元头的VPI/VCI值不能相同)与移位电路单元1输出的信元负荷进行合成从而组成新的多路信元流,所述合成是指含相应通道VPI/VCI值的信元头与信元净荷汇合组成新的信元,每个新信元与原来进入信元合成电路的同播信元相比,只是VPI/VCI值改变了,变成了含相应通道VPI/VCI值的信元。多路信元流可以同时被写入多个FIFO电路(见图3)中去,完成同播和广播功能。广播表单元3和下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元4与外部处理机电路有一个处理机接口电路单元5,以便允许外部处理机动态更新其中的广播信息和下行VPI/VCI切换信息。至于外部处理机电路对广播表单元3的内部CAM和下行VPI/VCI切换电路单元中的VPI/VCI表的更新或查询,由主控决定。As shown in Figure 2, after a cell receiving cycle starts (for ATM service adaptation module), the simulcast module on the service adaptation module latches the VPI/ VCI field, according to the value of the VPI/VCI field, the simulcast and broadcast flag information is recognized by the simulcast information query circuit unit, that is, the broadcast unit 3, and according to the simulcast and broadcast flag information, the downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit 4 completes the VPI/VCI field. VCI switching, the VPI/VCI switching essentially refers to transforming from one VPI/VCI value to another VPI/VCI value, so VPI/VCI switching can also be called VPI/VCI switching. The multi-channel cell headers synchronously output after switching (at this time, each cell header contains a VPI/VCI value respectively, and the VPI/VCI values of each cell header cannot be the same) and the cell load output by the shift circuit unit 1 Carrying out synthesis to form a new multi-channel cell flow, the synthesis refers to the combination of the cell header containing the corresponding channel VPI/VCI value and the cell payload to form a new cell, and each new cell is synthesized with the original incoming cell Compared with the simulcast cell of the circuit, only the VPI/VCI value has changed, and it becomes a cell containing the VPI/VCI value of the corresponding channel. Multiple cell streams can be written into multiple FIFO circuits (see Figure 3) at the same time to complete the simulcast and broadcast functions. The broadcast table unit 3 and the downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit 4 have a processor interface circuit unit 5 with the external processor circuit, so as to allow the external processor to dynamically update the broadcast information and downlink VPI/VCI switching information therein. As for the update or query of the external processor circuit to the internal CAM of the broadcast table unit 3 and the VPI/VCI table in the downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit unit, it is decided by the main control.
最后结合图3,说明本发明的一个实施例。Finally, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3 .
图3示出了将本发明同播方法运用于12路电路仿真业务适配模块的实例。此处,采用一片CAM(MUSIC2480)和一片FPGA(EPF10K20)设计了12路信元的广播及同播功能。(CAM全称为内容寻址存储器,CAM比双口RAM能够支持更多的VPI/VCI连接。CAM为64位宽度,而双口RAM仅有(12+6)位宽度。)Fig. 3 shows an example of applying the simulcast method of the present invention to a 12-way circuit emulation service adaptation module. Here, a piece of CAM (MUSIC2480) and a piece of FPGA (EPF10K20) are used to design the broadcast and simulcast functions of 12 channels of cells. (CAM is called content addressable memory. CAM can support more VPI/VCI connections than dual-port RAM. CAM is 64-bit wide, while dual-port RAM is only (12+6)-bit wide.)
假设由ATM业务复接器来的一个VPI/VCI为8/8的信元需同播到第1、3、5端口(1-12端口),第1、3、5端口对应的VPI/VCI分别为111/111、333/333、555/555,那么,CAM中对应VPI/VCI为8/8的表项应设计为B“000000010101”,下行VPI/VCI表中1、3、5通道VPI/VCI值应分别填写为111/111、333/333、555/555。Assume that a cell with a VPI/VCI of 8/8 from the ATM service multiplexer needs to be simulcast to ports 1, 3, and 5 (ports 1-12), and the VPI/VCI corresponding to ports 1, 3, and 5 are 111/111, 333/333, and 555/555 respectively. Then, the entry corresponding to VPI/VCI of 8/8 in the CAM should be designed as B "000000010101", and the VPI of channels 1, 3, and 5 in the downlink VPI/VCI table /VCI value should be filled in as 111/111, 333/333, 555/555 respectively.
如图3所示,当该信元接收周期开始后(对电路仿真业务适配模块来说),电路仿真业务适配模块上的同播模块在其后的第四个时钟上升沿锁存输入信元信元头的VPI/VCI字段8/8(VPI/VCI字段在信元头的5-28比特)。以锁存的8/8为内容查CAM,其输出为12位的同播标志信息B“000000010101”。下行VPI/VCI切换电路根据CAM的输出B“000000010101”,选择VPI/VCI表中相应的1、3、5通道的VPI/VCI值输出,即同步输出的三个分别携带VPI/VCI为111/111、333/333、555/555的信元头,这三个信元头与移位电路输出的信元净荷汇合组成了新的多路信元流,同时被写入三个FIFO电路中去,完成对1、3、5通道的同播功能。广播的实现方法与同播实现方法相同。As shown in Figure 3, when the cell receiving cycle starts (for the circuit emulation service adaptation module), the simulcast module on the circuit emulation service adaptation module latches the input The VPI/VCI field 8/8 of the cell header (the VPI/VCI field is in the 5-28 bits of the cell header). Check the CAM with the latched 8/8 as the content, and the output is 12-bit simulcast flag information B "000000010101". The downlink VPI/VCI switching circuit selects the VPI/VCI value output of the corresponding channels 1, 3, and 5 in the VPI/VCI table according to the output B "000000010101" of the CAM, that is, the three synchronous outputs carry VPI/VCI values of 111/ 111, 333/333, 555/555 cell headers, these three cell headers are combined with the cell payload output by the shift circuit to form a new multi-channel cell stream, which is simultaneously written into three FIFO circuits Go to complete the simulcast function for channels 1, 3, and 5. The implementation method of broadcasting is the same as that of simulcasting.
和传统接口相比,本发明提供的接口在硬件成本上,仅增加了一片CAM(MUSIC2480)和一片FPGA(EPF10K20)。Compared with the traditional interface, the interface provided by the present invention only adds a piece of CAM (MUSIC2480) and a piece of FPGA (EPF10K20) in hardware cost.
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US5602853A (en) * | 1994-11-03 | 1997-02-11 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Method and apparatus for segmentation and reassembly of ATM packets using only dynamic ram as local memory for the reassembly process |
WO1997043867A1 (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 1997-11-20 | Transwitch Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing multiple multicast communication sessions in an atm destination switch |
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CN1235454A (en) | 1999-11-17 |
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