CN112387931A - Gravity casting mold of new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover and casting process thereof - Google Patents
Gravity casting mold of new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover and casting process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112387931A CN112387931A CN202011191216.2A CN202011191216A CN112387931A CN 112387931 A CN112387931 A CN 112387931A CN 202011191216 A CN202011191216 A CN 202011191216A CN 112387931 A CN112387931 A CN 112387931A
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/065—Cooling or heating equipment for moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/04—Handling or stripping castings or ingots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a gravity casting mold of a new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover and a casting process thereof. The mould include mould and lower mould, go up and form the mould die cavity after mould and lower mould compound die, go up the mould center and be equipped with the runner, the runner is equipped with the runner cover all around, the lower mould below is equipped with ejection system, ejection system includes thimble board, thimble panel, thimble and release link, the lower mould center is equipped with the reposition of redundant personnel awl, the sprue cover formation on reposition of redundant personnel awl and the last mould has the runner of avoiding the sediment function, lower mould one side is equipped with hydraulic pressure and looses core, all be equipped with the heating pipe on last mould and the lower. The upper die and the lower die are opened, the hydraulic loose core is closed in place, the dies are closed, and the aluminum liquid is poured into the die cavity of the die through the pouring gate for casting, so that the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and high yield, and the product produced by additionally arranging the shunting and slag avoiding function has no casting defects such as slag inclusion, air holes and the like; and the production efficiency is high, the operation is easy, and the low labor intensity of workers can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a gravity casting mold of a new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover and a casting process thereof.
Background
The new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover is an important component of a new energy automobile engine, the gravity casting process of a common new energy motor shell end cover is complex in design structure, low in efficiency, poor in product quality and low in mechanical property, a casting molding system is used for casting from the side, along with the development of the times, the industrial production efficiency is improved, the requirement for low working strength of workers is met, and the existing casting design process of a common new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover mold cannot meet the industrial production requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the gravity casting die for the end cover of the new energy water-cooled motor shell and the casting process thereof overcome the defects of the existing design process, are high in efficiency, easy to control product quality, capable of simplifying production procedures, high in yield, low in cost and capable of greatly reducing labor intensity of workers.
The gravity casting die for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein an upper die fixing plate is arranged on the upper die and is fixedly connected with the upper die through an upper die connecting rod; a sprue is arranged at the center of the upper die, a sprue sleeve is arranged around the sprue, the sprue sleeve is arranged on a sprue sleeve positioning ring, and the sprue sleeve positioning ring is fixed on the upper die; an open riser is arranged at the edge of the upper die, so that the molten aluminum mold filling state in the casting process is easy to observe; the lower die is provided with a lower die fixing plate which is fixedly connected with the lower die through a lower die connecting rod; the lower die is provided with an ejection system, the ejection system comprises an ejector pin plate, an ejector pin panel, an ejector pin and a reset rod, the center of the lower die is provided with a spreader cone, and the spreader cone and an upper die sprue bush form a pouring gate with a slag avoiding function, so that the product quality in production is ensured; a hydraulic loose core is arranged opposite to the operating side of the lower die; the upper die and the lower die are both provided with heating pipes, the heating pipes are connected with a temperature control system of the equipment, the temperature is adjusted according to actual production needs, and a die cavity formed after the upper die and the lower die are assembled is a casting system of a new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover die.
Wherein, the upper die and the lower die are both preferably made of H13 steel.
In the working process, the upper mold and the lower mold are opened, the hydraulic core pulling is closed in place, the molds are closed through operating equipment, aluminum liquid is poured into the mold cavity through the pouring gate, the aluminum liquid in the pouring gate sleeve is ensured to reach a full-load state during pouring, the produced product has no casting defects such as slag inclusion, air holes and the like, after the pouring of the aluminum liquid is completed, the product in the mold cavity is solidified and filled for a set time, the hydraulic core pulling is opened, the mold ejection system acts to take out the product, and the operation steps are repeated to carry out the next production flow.
The invention relates to a casting process of a gravity casting mold of a new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover, which specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, performing surface sand blasting treatment on the parts of the upper die and the lower die, which correspond to the molding surfaces of the product;
secondly, preheating the upper die and the lower die to 280-320 ℃, and then spraying heat-insulating high-heat-preservation coating on the surface of the molding surface;
thirdly, the hydraulic loose core is closed in place, the upper die and the lower die are closed, the die is heated to 360-380 ℃, then melting a natural gas aluminum melting furnace to obtain A356 aluminum liquid, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 700-720 ℃, directly pouring the aluminum liquid into a mold sprue bush through a ladle, forming a pouring channel with a shunting and slag avoiding function by the aluminum liquid in the pouring channel and an upper mold sprue bush, flowing to a mold cavity, cooling, molding and ejecting, obtaining a blank, wherein the shunting and slag-avoiding function is that a circular gap pouring gate is formed by a circular shunting cone of a lower die and a circular sprue bush, aluminum liquid in the sprue bush is always in a full-load state during pouring, two feeding process risers are arranged at thick and large hot spots on the peripheries of two sides of a casting during casting, casting defects such as slag inclusion, air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like of a cast product can not be generated, and a blank with stable quality is obtained;
fourthly, carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the blank; the hardness and the mechanical property of the blank are strengthened, and the comparatively coarse dendritic particles in the internal structure of the blank are changed into the closely distributed fine round particles from loose distribution; the solution and aging treatment adopts a T6 heat treatment process, the solution temperature is 530-540 ℃, the solution and heat preservation time is 8-12 hours, preferably 10 hours, the aging temperature is 170-180 ℃, and the aging heat preservation time is 5-8 hours, preferably 6 hours.
Fifthly, performing saw cutting dead head treatment on the blank after the solid solution aging treatment is finished;
and sixthly, cleaning, precisely machining and inspecting the outer surface of the blank to obtain a finished product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the pouring gate is arranged in the center of the upper die, the pouring gate sleeve is arranged around the pouring gate, the pouring gate sleeve is arranged on the pouring gate sleeve positioning ring, and the pouring gate sleeve positioning ring is fixed on the upper die, so that the product can be filled, the molten aluminum flows from the center to four sides, the flowing distance of the molten aluminum is shortened, a thermal insulation field can be better ensured to radiate from the center to four sides, the central temperature is higher, and the peripheral temperature is gradually reduced, so that the optimal casting forming effect is achieved.
2. The sprue with the slag shunting function is formed by the shunting cone and the sprue bush of the upper die, and the slag shunting function is that a circular gap sprue is formed by the shunting cone and the sprue bush of the lower die, so that aluminum liquid in the sprue bush always reaches a full-load state during pouring, and the produced product cannot generate casting defects such as slag inclusion, air holes and the like.
3. The die cavity formed after the upper die and the lower die are closed is a casting system of a new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover die, the whole casting system is simple in structure and easy to operate, and a product is extremely easy to form; two process risers are additionally arranged at the thick and large hot spot position on the periphery of the casting during casting, so that the quality of the product can be improved.
4. The invention has simple structure, reasonable design and high yield, and the product produced by additionally arranging the shunting and slag avoiding function has no casting defects such as slag inclusion, air holes and the like; and the production efficiency is high, the operation is easy, and the low labor intensity of workers can be ensured.
5. The finished product rate of a blank cast by the casting die and the casting process is controlled to be more than 97%, the appearance surface is smooth, the air tightness qualified rate is controlled to be more than 98% after the air tightness detection of 0.6MPa for 8 minutes, the finished product rate of the end cover is high, the appearance is smooth, the comprehensive performance is stable, the operation is simple, the requirements of the same industry can be met, and the method can be widely popularized and applied to similar products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mold of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the inventive die;
in the figure: 1. an upper die fixing plate; 2. an upper die connecting rod; 3. a sprue bush; 4. a sprue bush positioning ring; 5. an upper die; 6. opening a riser; 7. hydraulic core pulling; 8. a lower die; 9. a lower die connecting rod; 10. a lower die fixing plate; 11. a reset lever; 12. a thimble; 13. an ejector plate; 14. a thimble panel; 15. a technological riser; 16. a gate; 17. a runner with a slag-avoiding function; 18. a spreader cone; 19. a mold cavity; 20. heating the tube.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor casing end cover comprises an upper mold 5 and a lower mold 8, wherein a mold cavity 19 is formed after the upper mold 5 and the lower mold 8 are assembled, an upper mold fixing plate 1 is arranged on the upper mold 5, the upper mold fixing plate 1 is fixedly connected with the upper mold 5 through an upper mold connecting rod 2, a sprue 16 is arranged at the center of the upper mold 5, a sprue bush 3 is arranged around the sprue 16, the sprue bush 3 is arranged on a sprue bush positioning ring 4, the sprue bush positioning ring 4 is fixed on the upper mold 5, and an open riser 6 is arranged at the edge of the upper mold 5; be equipped with lower mould fixed plate 10 on the lower mould 8, lower mould fixed plate 10 passes through lower mould connecting rod 9 and lower mould 8 fixed connection, 8 below lower moulds are equipped with ejection system, ejection system includes thimble board 13, ejector pin panel 14, thimble 12 and release link 11, 8 centers on the lower mould are equipped with spreader 18, spreader 18 forms the runner 17 that has the function of avoiding the sediment with runner cover 3 on last mould 5, 8 operation side opposite faces of lower mould are equipped with hydraulic pressure and loose core 7, all be equipped with heating pipe 20 on last mould 5 and the lower mould 8, it all adopts H13 steel preparation to go up mould 5 and lower mould 8.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, the gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor casing end cover in embodiment 1 is used for casting, and specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, performing surface sand blasting treatment on the parts of the upper die 5 and the lower die 8, which correspond to the product forming surfaces;
secondly, preheating the upper die 5 and the lower die 8 to 290-300 ℃, and then spraying heat-insulating high-heat-preservation coating on the surface of a molding surface part;
thirdly, closing the hydraulic loose core 7 in place, closing the upper die 5 and the lower die 8, heating the die to 360-380 ℃, then melting the natural gas aluminum melting furnace to obtain A356 molten aluminum, controlling the temperature of the molten aluminum to 700-720 ℃, directly pouring the molten aluminum into the sprue bush 3 of the die by a ladle, enabling the molten aluminum in the sprue 16 to flow to the die cavity 19 through a sprue 17 with a shunting and slag avoiding function formed by the shunting cone 18 and the sprue bush 3 of the upper die 5, additionally arranging feeding process risers 15 at hot junctions on two sides of a casting in the die cavity 19, and cooling, forming and ejecting to obtain a blank;
fourthly, carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the cast blank, wherein the solid solution aging treatment adopts a T6 heat treatment process, the solid solution temperature is 530-180 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation time is 10 hours, the aging temperature is 170-180 ℃, and the aging heat preservation time is 6 hours;
fifthly, performing saw cutting dead head treatment on the blank after the solid solution aging treatment is finished;
and sixthly, cleaning, precisely machining and inspecting the outer surface of the blank to obtain a finished product.
After the process is adopted, the yield of a blank cast by the gravity casting die for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover is controlled to be more than 97%, the appearance surface is smooth, the air tightness qualification rate is controlled to be more than 98% after the air tightness detection of 0.6MPa for 8 minutes, the yield of the end cover is high, the appearance is smooth, the comprehensive performance is stable, the operation is simple, and the requirements of the same industry can be met.
Of course, the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gravity casting mould of new forms of energy water cooled machine shell end cover which characterized in that: including last mould (5) and lower mould (8), it forms mould cavity (19) to go up mould (5) and lower mould (8) compound die after, it is equipped with runner (16) to go up mould (5) center, runner (16) are equipped with runner cover (3) all around, lower mould (8) below is equipped with ejection system, ejection system includes thimble board (13), ejector pin board (14), thimble (12) and release link (11), lower mould (8) center is equipped with spreader cone (18), spreader cone (18) and runner cover (3) on last mould (5) form runner (17) that have and keep away the sediment function, lower mould (8) one side is equipped with hydraulic pressure and looses core (7), all be equipped with heating pipe (20) on last mould (5) and lower mould (8).
2. The gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: an upper die fixing plate (1) is arranged on the upper die (5), and the upper die fixing plate (1) is fixedly connected with the upper die (5) through an upper die connecting rod (2).
3. The gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sprue bush (3) is arranged on the sprue bush positioning ring (4), and the sprue bush positioning ring (4) is fixed on the upper die (5).
4. The gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: an open riser (6) is arranged at the edge of the upper die (5).
5. The gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: a lower die fixing plate (10) is arranged on the lower die (8), and the lower die fixing plate (10) is fixedly connected with the lower die (8) through a lower die connecting rod (9).
6. The gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper die (5) and the lower die (8) are both made of H13 steel.
7. The casting process of the gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the casting process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, performing surface sand blasting treatment on the parts of the upper die (5) and the lower die (8) corresponding to the product molding surfaces;
secondly, preheating the upper die (5) and the lower die (8) to 280-320 ℃, and then spraying heat-insulating high-heat-preservation coating on the surface of a molding surface part;
thirdly, closing the hydraulic loose core (7) in place, closing the upper die (5) and the lower die (8), heating the die to 360-380 ℃, then directly pouring molten aluminum at 700-720 ℃ into the sprue bush (3) of the die, forming a pouring gate (17) with a shunting and slag avoiding function by the molten aluminum in the pouring gate (16) and the sprue bush (3) of the upper die (5) through a shunting cone (18) and flowing to a die cavity (19), and cooling, forming and ejecting to obtain a blank;
fourthly, carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the cast blank;
fifthly, performing saw cutting dead head treatment on the blank after the solid solution aging treatment is finished;
and sixthly, cleaning, precisely machining and inspecting the outer surface of the blank to obtain a finished product.
8. The casting process of the gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor casing end cover according to claim 7, wherein the casting process comprises the following steps: and the aluminum liquid in the third step is obtained by melting in a natural gas aluminum melting furnace, and the material quality is A356.
9. The casting process of the gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor casing end cover according to claim 8, wherein the casting process comprises the following steps: in the third step, process risers (15) are additionally arranged at the hot junctions on the two sides of the casting in the die cavity (19).
10. The casting process of the gravity casting mold for the new energy water-cooled motor casing end cover according to claim 7, wherein the casting process comprises the following steps: the solution and aging treatment in the fourth step adopts a T6 heat treatment process, the solution temperature is 530-540 ℃, the solution and heat preservation time is 8-12 hours, the aging temperature is 170-180 ℃, and the aging heat preservation time is 5-8 hours.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011191216.2A CN112387931A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Gravity casting mold of new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover and casting process thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011191216.2A CN112387931A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Gravity casting mold of new energy water-cooled motor shell end cover and casting process thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112846673A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-05-28 | 林自辉 | Metal piece production device and process |
| CN113255077A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-13 | 宁波全力机械模具有限公司 | Riser design method of automobile motor end cover and casting mold thereof |
| CN113600788A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-05 | 江西省铭鑫荣智能科技有限公司 | Die-casting mechanical demolding and separating equipment for manufacturing precise structural part and implementation method |
| CN114273615A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 山东昊方联合铸造有限公司 | Vertical top-injection side-entry type steering knuckle casting mold and casting process |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |