CN112386258B - A low-power automatic monitoring device for patient urine volume - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-power consumption patient urine volume automatic monitoring device, which belongs to the field of patient urine volume automatic monitoring, and includes a liquid inlet solenoid valve, a liquid inlet solenoid valve driving circuit, a liquid outlet solenoid valve, a liquid outlet solenoid valve driving circuit, a filling detection electrode, a filling detection circuit, an emptying detection electrode, an emptying detection circuit, a urine collecting tube, a single-chip microcomputer control circuit, a power management module, a data storage module, a wireless transmission module, a display module, a button control module, and a clock module. The present invention adopts a divide-and-conquer approach, divides the patient's urine into unit volumes and then counts them, and the product of the count value and the unit volume size is the patient's urine volume, and the hourly urine volume and urine flow rate are calculated based on this to display, store and send. The present invention adopts a low-power consumption design, monitors the patient's urine volume accurately, stably and conveniently, and overcomes the influence of urine density, urine velocity and urine bag position changes on urine volume monitoring.

Description

Automatic urine volume monitoring device for low-power-consumption patient

Technical Field

The application belongs to the field of design of automatic monitoring devices for patient urine volume, and particularly relates to a low-power consumption automatic monitoring device for patient urine volume.

Background

The urine flow can not only directly reflect renal perfusion and renal function conditions, but also indirectly reflect the hemodynamic state of the organism, is one of effective indexes for evaluating circulatory blood volume, cardiac function state and microcirculation perfusion, and is also an important physiological index for early identification of fluid resuscitation and acute kidney injury. The urine flow rate index commonly used in clinic is urine flow rate per minute, urine flow rate per hour, urine flow rate of 24 hours, and urine flow rate of 48 hours. Accurate measurement of urine flow is of great significance for grasping patient's condition, timely adjusting treatment scheme, judging condition prognosis and prognosis, and can greatly reduce workload of clinical nursing staff. In recent years, the automatic monitoring of urine flow is more and more researched, and a plurality of automatic monitoring devices of urine flow are also appeared on the market, but the current clinical automatic monitoring devices of urine flow are not widely applied, and the measurement is still carried out by using a large number of manual modes such as measuring cylinders, primary-secondary urine bags and the like. The main method and the defects adopted by the current automatic urine flow monitoring equipment are as follows.

1. Drop count measurement by calibrating the volume of urine drops, converting urine flow into urine drops and counting to obtain urine volume. After the urine flow is converted into urine drops, the urine volume of the device per unit time is not large, and when the urine volume of a patient is large, the urine can be accumulated to a certain extent, so that the real-time effect can not be achieved, and even the normal urination of the patient can be influenced. And the urine component changes along with the treatment scheme and the renal function state of the patient, the viscosity of the urine component changes, and thus the shape and the size of the urine drop also change, namely the volume corresponding to the urine drop changes, and errors generated by the reasons can accumulate along with the monitoring time.

2. The weight measurement method is to monitor the urine weight discharged by the patient in real time and convert the urine weight into volume according to the urine density. In the ward with unstable and uncontrollable monitoring environment, the weighing state of the urine bag is difficult to be kept unchanged, the weight conversion into volume is generated by the change of the urine density along with the treatment scheme and the renal function state, and the urine bag cannot be monitored in the emptying process after being filled.

3. The volume measurement method is to monitor the liquid level of the container with fixed volume through a liquid level sensor so as to directly obtain the urine volume. The measurement results of the volumetric measurement method are affected by no fluctuation or change of the liquid level caused by shaking of the urine bag or change of the body position. Likewise, it is not monitored during the emptying of the urine bag.

4. Flow rate measurement method the urine flow is measured directly using a flow rate sensor. The accurate flow rate mathematical model is difficult to establish under the influence of the urine component change, the calibration is required before the use, and the flow rate sensor is difficult to accurately monitor the low flow rate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a stable, accurate and convenient automatic monitoring device for the urine volume of a patient with low power consumption.

The invention solves the technical problems by adopting a scheme that the automatic monitoring device for the urine volume of a patient with low power consumption is characterized by comprising a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve, a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit, a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit, a filling detection electrode, a filling detection circuit, an emptying detection electrode, an emptying detection circuit, a urine collecting pipe, a singlechip control circuit, a power management module, a data storage module, a wireless transmission module, a display module, a key control module and a clock module, wherein the urine collecting pipe is arranged between the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve, the filling detection electrode is positioned at the joint of the urine collecting pipe and the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve and takes the maximum value from the distance between two pole pieces and is connected with the filling detection circuit, the filling detection circuit is connected with an analog-digital conversion AD (analog-to-digital) port of the singlechip control circuit, the emptying detection electrode is positioned at the joint of the urine collecting pipe and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve and takes the maximum value from the distance between the singlechip control circuit, the emptying detection circuit is connected with the singlechip control module, the data conversion AD (analog-to-digital) control circuit, the liquid collecting pipe is connected with the singlechip control module, the data conversion module is connected with the singlechip control input/output electromagnetic valve driving circuit, the data conversion module is connected with the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit, the wireless communication module, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve is connected with the singlechip control module, and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve is connected with the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit, and the wireless communication module is connected with the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve, and the liquid outlet control module is connected with the liquid inlet control valve The clock module is connected with the single chip microcomputer control circuit, the single chip microcomputer control circuit controls the opening and closing of the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve according to the conduction state of the filling detection electrode and the emptying detection electrode, so that the urine collecting tube fills and empties, urine of a patient is discharged in unit volume, the filling times of the urine collecting tube are counted, the product of the counted value and the volume of the urine collecting tube is the urine volume of the patient, and the urine volume and the urine flow rate of each hour are calculated according to the result to be displayed, stored and transmitted.

Optionally, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve are both two-way bistable pulse electromagnetic water valves, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit are both field effect tube H-bridge driving circuits, the volume of the urine collecting tube is constant, and the volume of the urine collecting tube determines the urine volume monitoring precision.

The invention has the advantages of simple monitoring device, accurate measurement, stability, reliability, convenient use, avoiding errors caused by urine density and urine bag position change, and being capable of measuring the real-time urine volume under various flow velocity conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fill and drain detection circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the control circuit of the SCM of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description is made in detail, but the present embodiment is not limited to the invention, and all the similar structures and similar variations of the invention are included in the protection scope of the invention.

The system block diagram of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and is characterized by comprising a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 1, a filling detection electrode 2, an emptying detection electrode 3, a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 4, a urine collecting pipe 5, a liquid inlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit 6, a filling detection circuit 7, an emptying detection circuit 8, a liquid outlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit 9, a singlechip control circuit 10, a display module 11, a wireless transmission module 12, a key control module 13, a data storage module 14, a power management module 15 and a clock module 16; the volume of the urine collecting tube 5 is set to be 1 milliliter, namely the urine volume monitoring precision is set to be 1 milliliter, the urine collecting tube 5 is connected between the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 1 and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 4, the filling detection electrode 2 is positioned at the joint of the urine collecting tube 5 and the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 1, the distance between two pole pieces is maximum and is connected with the filling detection circuit 7, the filling detection circuit 7 is connected with an analog-digital conversion AD port of the singlechip control circuit 10, the singlechip control circuit 10 adopts an ultralow-power consumption singlechip chip STM32L151CBT6, the emptying detection electrode 3 is positioned at the joint of the urine collecting tube 5 and the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve 4 and is maximum, the emptying detection electrode 3 is connected with the emptying detection circuit 8, the emptying detection circuit 8 is connected with the analog-digital conversion AD port of the singlechip control circuit 10, the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit 6 adopts an integrated MOS H bridge driving circuit chip HR2125 and is connected with the liquid inlet electromagnetic valve 1 and the singlechip control circuit HR 10, the liquid outlet electromagnetic valve driving circuit HR 5 adopts an integrated MOS bridge driving circuit HR 5, the display module 11, the wireless transmission module 12, the key control module 13, the data storage module 14, the power management module 15 and the clock module 16 are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer control circuit 10, the display module 11 adopts a 2.42 inch OLED screen, the wireless transmission module 12 adopts a CC2541 Bluetooth 4.0 module, the data storage module 14 adopts a 16G SD card, the power management module 15 adopts a TP4056 chip to supply power to the whole device, and the clock module 16 adopts a DS1306 clock chip.

The schematic diagrams of the filling detection circuit 7 and the emptying detection circuit 8 are shown in fig. 2, a filter capacitor C1 with a value of 0.1uF is connected between the two electrode inputs S1 and S2, the electrode input S2 is grounded, the electrode input S1 is connected to VCC through an over-pull-up resistor R1 with a value of 100KΩ, and is connected to an analog-digital conversion AD port of the singlechip control circuit 10 through a current limiting resistor R2 with a value of 510 Ω.

The program flow chart of the single chip microcomputer control circuit 10 is shown in fig. 3, the main program first initializes WDT, external clock, timer, ADC, UART, display module, data storage module, wireless transmission module, GUI, then opens interrupt and updates GUI content in real time, and detects the input of the key control module 13. In the timer interrupt processing, a sampling rate control AD conversion is set, and the sampling rate is set to 200Hz in this example. In the ADC interrupt processing procedure, the AD conversion results are processed by the filling detection circuit 7 and the emptying detection circuit 8, if the input of the filling detection circuit 7 is less than 3V, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 1 is closed, the liquid outlet solenoid valve 4 is opened after a delay of 10 ms, if the input of the emptying detection circuit 8 is greater than 3V, the liquid outlet solenoid valve 4 is closed, and after a delay of 10 ms, the liquid inlet solenoid valve 1 is opened, and the filling times are counted. Since the volume of the urine collecting tube 5 is constant 1ml, the product of the emptying frequency count value and the volume of the urine collecting tube is the urine volume of the patient, and the urine volume and the urine flow rate per hour are calculated from the reading time of the clock module 16 so as to be displayed and stored in the data storage module 14 in the display module 11, and meanwhile, the data is sent through the wireless transmission module 12.

Claims (4)

1. A low-power automatic urine volume monitoring device for patients, characterized in that it comprises an inlet solenoid valve, an inlet solenoid valve driving circuit, an outlet solenoid valve, an outlet solenoid valve driving circuit, a filling detection electrode, a filling detection circuit, an emptying detection electrode, an emptying detection circuit, a urine collecting tube, a single-chip control circuit, a power management module, a data storage module, a wireless transmission module, a display module, a key control module, and a clock module; the urine collecting tube is connected between the inlet solenoid valve and the outlet solenoid valve; the filling detection electrode is located at the connection between the urine collecting tube and the inlet solenoid valve and the distance between the two pole pieces is the maximum value, and is connected to the filling detection circuit; the filling detection circuit is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion AD port of the single-chip control circuit; the emptying detection electrode is located at the connection between the urine collecting tube and the outlet solenoid valve and the distance between the two pole pieces is the maximum value, and is connected to the emptying detection circuit; the emptying detection circuit is connected to at the analog-to-digital conversion AD port of the single-chip control circuit; the liquid inlet solenoid valve drive circuit is connected between the liquid inlet solenoid valve and the IO port of the single-chip control circuit; the liquid outlet solenoid valve drive circuit is connected between the liquid outlet solenoid valve and the IO port of the single-chip control circuit; the power management module, the data storage module, the wireless transmission module, the display module, the button control module, and the clock module are all connected to the single-chip control circuit; the single-chip control circuit controls the opening and closing of the liquid inlet solenoid valve and the liquid outlet solenoid valve according to the conduction state of the filling detection electrode and the emptying detection electrode, so that the urinary collecting tube is filled and emptied, thereby realizing the discharge of the patient's urine in unit volume, counting the number of times the urinary collecting tube is filled, and the product of the count value and the volume of the urinary collecting tube is the patient's urine volume, and the urine volume and urine flow rate per hour are calculated based on this to display, store and send. 2. A low-power patient urine volume automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid inlet solenoid valve and the liquid outlet solenoid valve are both two-way bistable pulse solenoid valves. 3. A low-power patient urine volume automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid inlet solenoid valve drive circuit and the liquid outlet solenoid valve drive circuit both adopt a field effect transistor H-bridge drive circuit. 4. A low-power patient urine volume automatic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the urine collecting tube is a constant, and the volume determines the urine volume monitoring accuracy.