CN112381937B - Multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological profile - Google Patents
Multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological profile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geological modeling, in particular to a multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological sections, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, modeling data preparation: carrying out data standardization processing on the modeling data to generate three-dimensional data, and carrying out data consistency processing; s2, constructing a fault plane: determining the three-dimensional space shape of the fault plane, and generating a three-dimensional fault plane; s3, constructing a ground level: generating a ground surface according to the ground surface elevation data; according to the corresponding relation of the stratum, sequentially constructing the complete stratum surface of each stratum in a top-down sequence; s4, stratum surface intersection treatment: performing curved surface intersection treatment, and dividing the stratum surface according to intersection lines; after the segmentation is completed, removing redundant stratum surfaces to obtain stratum surfaces conforming to stratum distribution; s5, constructing a geologic body. The modeling method and the modeling device enable the modeling result to be more consistent with the actual situation, and simultaneously improve the modeling efficiency of the complex geologic body.
Description
The invention relates to the technical field of geological modeling, in particular to a multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological sections.
Background
The geological profile is a section obtained by tangential of an imaginary vertical plane and a terrain along a certain direction of the earth surface, and is drawn according to a certain scale, so that the correlation between the morphology and the internal structure of the landform in the section along the certain direction is recorded and revealed, and the geological profile is one of important geological profiles. It can be prepared by visual inspection on site, actual measurement by instrument or programming according to geological map. The main content of the geological profile includes the profile direction, lithology, thickness, age and attitude of the terrain and stratum, which can exhibit the form of folds, fault properties, the form of igneous rock and ore bodies; and may represent their location and scale, etc.
The multi-source data includes borehole data, topography data, formation contours, geologic maps, fracture distribution maps, and the like. The drilling is a columnar three-dimensional body with a small ground surface area and a certain depth, and the engineering drilling method is an important method for acquiring three-dimensional space information such as underground rock and soil layer distribution conditions, structures, water content and the like. The visual, accurate and detailed characteristics of the drilling information also make the drilling information have important significance in three-dimensional stratum simulation; the section view comprises drilling information and expert experience knowledge, is a relatively complex type in the whole modeling data source, and stratum frameworks in a modeling area can be determined by introducing cross section data; the geological map can reflect the distribution and staggering among the subsurface formations and various geological formations; fracture distribution data provides data on the length, distribution, occurrence, etc. of faults, supplementing fault information on insufficient sections.
The conventional geologic body modeling mainly comprises a full-automatic modeling method based on controlled drilling and a semi-automatic interactive modeling method based on a section, wherein the automatic modeling speed of drilling is high, but the space-time complexity of an algorithm is high, the spatial spreading condition of complicated structures such as underground folds and fractures cannot be well reflected by the drilling, the multiple solutions are easy to generate, and the effect of automatic interpolation is sometimes far away from the actual condition or a manual interpretation result. The modeling method has the advantages that the problem of construction of complex geological structures can be solved based on semi-automatic interactive modeling of the profile, modeling results accord with geological knowledge of professionals, but modeling processes are complex and complicated, a large amount of manpower and material resource time investment is needed, the efficiency is low, and model building effects are relatively dependent on the geologic knowledge, GIS topological knowledge, space imagination capacity and software operation capacity of modeling staff, so that large-scale modeling and later model modification and updating are not facilitated.
The geological modeling demand is developed to a wide area and a deep area, geological structures are more complex and various, and the current automatic modeling of drilling holes and the interactive modeling of complicated geologic body sections, which are suitable for the lamellar geologic body, cannot well meet the demand.
In view of this, to overcome the above technical drawbacks, providing a multi-source geological data coupling modeling method is a problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological profiles, which fully utilizes the morphological form in the profiles and geological structure information in the stratum, enables modeling results to be more consistent with actual conditions under the constraint of other data such as drilling, geological map, surface topography data and the like, and improves the modeling efficiency of complex geological bodies.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological sections is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modeling data preparation: carrying out data standardization processing on modeling data to generate three-dimensional data, carrying out data consistency processing, and preparing for the modeling;
s2, constructing a fault plane: determining the three-dimensional space shape of the fault plane, and generating a three-dimensional fault plane; if the modeling data does not contain fault information, skipping the step;
s3, constructing a ground level: generating a ground surface according to the ground surface elevation data; according to the corresponding relation of the stratum, sequentially constructing the complete stratum surface of each stratum in a top-down sequence; carrying out identification treatment on the special fold stratum, and carrying out consistency treatment splicing on the corresponding layers;
s4, stratum surface intersection treatment: using the fault plane generated in the step S2 and the ground surface and ground plane generated in the step S3, combining modeling boundaries, performing surface intersection processing, and dividing the ground plane according to intersection lines; after the segmentation is completed, removing redundant stratum surfaces to obtain stratum surfaces conforming to stratum distribution;
s5, constructing a geologic body: combining the ground surface generated in the step S3, the ground surface generated in the step S3 and the ground surface generated in the step S4, combining and merging according to the three-dimensional space topological relation, and sealing to generate a geologic body; and adding geological properties and visual parameters to the geologic body according to the spatial connection relation between the geologic body and the profile, thus completing the construction of the geologic body.
According to the technical scheme, the modeling data comprise geological section data, drilling data, a ground surface geological map, ground surface topography data, stratum contour line data, fault plane distribution data and fold plane distribution data.
According to the above technical scheme, the data normalization processing in the step S1 includes building a standard stratum, and the building method specifically includes: and extracting stratum attribute information in the geological data, establishing a standard stratum table, and establishing a standard stratum sequence after adjustment according to an expert knowledge base.
According to the above technical scheme, in the step S2, the trend and the length of the computed fault can be simulated by the distribution position of the vertical fault distance and the cross section fault of the same fault on each cross section, so as to realize fault modeling.
According to the technical scheme, the processing method of the nonstandard layer sequence in the step S3 comprises the following steps: searching the regional data, searching the data with the nonstandard sequence in the stratum, finding the stratum related to the nonstandard sequence according to the top-down sequence, reordering the stratum at the lower layer according to the arrangement of the stratum at the standard sequence, and endowing a new stratum sequence code; this process is repeated until the non-standard sequence condition is no longer present throughout the population.
According to the above technical scheme, in the step S3, for a special fold stratum, according to the fold plane distribution data identification process, if the fold plane distribution data is insufficient, the fold position and the distribution range can be automatically identified through the form of the profile stratum line, and the fold is constructed in a local three-dimensional interpolation mode, so as to realize layer construction.
According to the technical scheme, the specific method for constructing the folds comprises the following steps of:
1) Interpolation calculation of the fold space distribution range according to the distribution of the same fold pivot length value on the section;
2) Gridding the spatial distribution range of the folds;
3) Assigning values to the grids by using profile stratum attributes, and performing three-dimensional interpolation;
4) And converting the interpolation into a three-dimensional vector surface according to the attribute threshold after the interpolation is finished, and performing consistency processing and splicing with surrounding ground surfaces to form a complete ground surface.
According to the technical scheme, the specific method for intersecting the curved surfaces in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
A. detecting the collision of the curved surfaces, solving the triangle intersected by each curved surface, and constructing an intersected triangle pair;
B. extracting grid intersection points by taking intersection triangle pairs as units, deleting repeated points, and obtaining curved surface intersection line nodes;
C. the intersection points are sequentially connected into lines, intersection lines are obtained, the edge of the curved surface is reconstructed into a net, and the intersecting curved surface is cut off.
A computer readable medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to carry out the method as described in the above claims.
An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory having stored thereon one or more programs which when executed by the one or more processors are adapted to carry out the method as described in the preceding claims.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can rapidly and efficiently carry out deduction and construction of the underground space structure model according to investigation drilling and section result and other data information fused with expert knowledge base, and comprises automatic identification and processing of forward and reverse fault information, automatic construction of horizon surface fused with drilling/section/fault and other data constraint, three-dimensional automatic structure with fault constraint and the like, and the whole modeling process is full-automatic without manual intervention. The modeling method makes full use of the morphological form in the section and the geological structure information in the stratum, and enables the modeling result to be more consistent with the actual situation under the constraint of other data such as drilling, geological map, surface topography data and the like, and meanwhile, the modeling efficiency of the complex geologic body is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Many aspects of the invention will be better understood hereinafter with reference to the drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Instead, emphasis is placed upon clearly illustrating the components of the present invention. Furthermore, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.
The words "exemplary" or "illustrative" as used herein mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" or "illustrative" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. All of the embodiments described below are exemplary embodiments provided to enable one skilled in the art to make and use examples of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined by the claims. In other instances, well-known features and methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention. For purposes of this description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," and derivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as oriented in FIG. 1. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Thus, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modeling data preparation
The modeling data preparation is to perform standardization and consistency processing on the data participating in modeling, solve logic conflict and space topology error between the data and different data, and generate three-dimensional data to prepare for the subsequent modeling. The data involved in modeling includes geologic profiles, boreholes, earth's surface geologic maps, earth's surface topography data, formation contour data, fault plane distribution data, pleat plane distribution data, and the like.
In practical applications, rich geological data can be stored in a database according to specifications, for a specific modeling area, profile data support parallel profiles and cross profiles, profile arrangement is perpendicular to the construction direction as much as possible so as to fully reflect construction information, and for a complex area, cross profiles can be added for control. And extracting modeling data by adopting corresponding plug-ins, constructing a standard stratum according to the data stratum information, generating three-dimensional data and carrying out consistency check modification.
1) Data normalization
Spatial data (including geological map, stratum contour, fault plane distribution, surface topography data and the like) participating in modeling are required to be vectorized and have uniform spatial range, the same spatial positions described by all data are ensured, and vectorization and spatial correction are required to be carried out on unsatisfied data; geological data (including geological map, geological section, drilling and the like) need to belong to the same geological specialty and added with required geological attributes, and a standard stratum table is compiled according to stratum information, so that the problem of non-standard stratum sequence is solved; attribute data (including borehole data, etc.) is entered and stored in a reasonably designed database structure for analysis and generation of three dimensions.
2) Three-dimensional data generation
The geologic model is constructed by interpolating based on three-dimensional data, so that the data is needed to generate three-dimensional space data, such as three-dimensional space data. The three-dimensional generation method of different data is different, and is specifically described as follows:
geological profile data: the two-dimensional geological profile data may be used to transform a two-dimensional profile into a three-dimensional profile by calculating the coordinate and actual coordinate relationship on the map based on the coordinates and elevation information of two or more boreholes (or known points) on the profile.
Drilling data: and constructing a three-dimensional columnar model to represent drilling according to the information of coordinates, elevation, formation burial depth and the like in the drilling data.
Surface plane data: the method comprises the steps of earth surface geological map, earth surface topography data and fault plane distribution data, and can generate three-dimensional data according to earth surface elevation data interpolation.
Formation contour data: similar to the surface formation data, three-dimensional data is generated from its own elevation attributes.
3) Data consistency processing
The data production and editing processes such as data programming time, measurement precision, interpolation and the like inevitably cause data errors, and data consistency is required to be processed, and mainly comprises the altitude consistency of topographic data and a drilling section, the stratum consistency of drilling and the section, the geological boundary line of a geological map and the section, the consistency of the geological map and the drilling, the consistency of a stratum contour line and a section stratum line and the like, and the contradiction between the data is solved through topology correction and interactive editing of spatial data, so that preparation is provided for the following model construction.
S2, constructing a three-dimensional fault plane
The fault is a structure of remarkable relative displacement of rock blocks along two sides of a fault plane due to the fact that the fault is broken under stress and is expressed in a geological model, and the fault can be regarded as a boundary of a stratum plane, so that the fault plane is required to be constructed before the stratum plane is constructed, and constraint and basis are provided for later stratum plane interpolation. Fault construction mainly uses fault line and surface fault distribution data on a section plane.
And identifying the space relationship between the fault and each other according to the profile fault line and fault plane distribution data, generating a fault plane according to the inclination angle information of the profile fault line, and inserting a dense network. When the distribution data of the fault plane is insufficient, fault numbers, names and the like are added for the fault lines of the sections to identify the attribute of the fault, and then the trend and the length of the fault are calculated through the vertical fault distance and the distribution position of the fault among the sections of the same fault on each section, so that the purpose of fault modeling is achieved.
The section fault line mainly provides structural information such as fault depth, inclination angle, stratum influence and the like, and the plane fault distribution data mainly constrains fault trend, length, interrelation and the like. And determining the three-dimensional space form of the fault plane according to the information, and finally generating the three-dimensional fault plane. If the profile data does not contain fault information, the step is skipped.
S3, constructing a three-dimensional stratum surface
The three-dimensional formation is constructed by interpolation mainly using profile formation lines, drilling holes, surface geological boundaries, formation contour line data and the like. The interpolation process is carried out according to a top-down sequence, the stratum corresponding relation among different data is judged according to a standard stratum table, the stratum pinch-out direction is judged according to the tendency of stratum lines, a complex fold structure is identified according to the characteristic of the stratum lines, the stratum surface is extracted by adopting a local three-dimensional interpolation method, and a complete ground surface stratum curved surface is generated.
And interpolating to generate a surface curved surface according to surface topography data, profile surface lines, drilling hole elevations and other surface elevation data. And judging the corresponding relation of strata in the data such as the section, the drilling, the geological map and the like according to the standard stratum table, extracting elevation information of each stratum particle, geological line, surface geological boundary and form trend information, combining a modeling area, sequentially constructing the bottom surfaces of all layers of complete strata according to the sequence from top to bottom, and recording stratum attribute information. For special fold stratum, besides identification of fold plane distribution data, judgment can be carried out through a cross section stratum line form, if a plurality of Z values exist on the cross section fold stratum line in the vertical direction, for example, a horizontal fold and the like, a local three-dimensional interpolation mode is used for realizing layer construction.
S4, intersecting treatment of stratum surface
And (3) judging the intersection of the curved surfaces by using the ground surface, the fault surface and the modeling boundary generated in the steps, and dividing the ground surface according to the intersection line. And after the segmentation is completed, removing redundant curved surfaces according to the spatial distribution range of the stratum on the section to obtain the stratum curved surface conforming to the stratum distribution.
S5, constructing a geologic body
And (3) using the ground surface and the stratum curved surface which are processed by the steps and the fault surface generated by the steps to be combined in a grouping way according to the three-dimensional space topological relation, and closing the three-dimensional space topological relation to form a body. And adding geological properties and visual parameters to the geologic body according to the spatial connection relation between the geologic body and the profile, thus completing the construction of the geologic body.
In some possible embodiments, the aspects of the present invention may also be implemented as a computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor of an electronic device is configured to implement the steps in the method according to the various embodiments of the present invention described in the technical solutions above in this specification.
In other embodiments of the invention, the electronic device includes a memory storing one or more programs, and one or more processors, which when executing the one or more programs, may also be configured to implement the various method steps described above.
It should be noted that: the medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to: an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave with readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to: electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the preceding. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium that is not a readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Program code for carrying out operations of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the consumer electronic device, partly on the remote electronic device, or entirely on the remote electronic device or server. In the case of remote electronic devices, the remote electronic device may be connected to the consumer electronic device through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external electronic device (e.g., connected through the internet using an internet service provider).
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various aspects of the invention may be implemented as a system, method, or program product. Accordingly, aspects of the invention may be embodied in the following forms, namely: an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining hardware and software aspects may be referred to herein as a "circuit," module "or" system.
In some possible embodiments, an electronic device according to embodiments of the invention may comprise at least one processor, and at least one memory. Wherein the memory stores a program (computer program) which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method according to various embodiments of the invention described in the technical solutions above in the specification.
In the embodiment of the invention, the determined topological relation which is consistent up and down is arranged among stratum layers, so that the complexity of subsequent processing can be greatly simplified; adding fault information, adopting fault obstacle interpolation, and meeting the relative relation constraint of stratum and fault; various data are constrained, the existing data sources, particularly the description of stratum morphology distribution and complex structures in profile data, are fully utilized, modeling results are more consistent with actual conditions, accuracy is higher, and particularly the control of complex geological phenomena such as stratum pinch-out, lens bodies, faults and folds among boreholes is realized. Aiming at the characteristics of wide-area deep geologic bodies and complex geologic structures, the invention provides a multisource geologic data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geologic profiles, which can automatically construct a complex three-dimensional geologic model reflecting basic geology, quaternary deposition and bedrock structures.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to such description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A multi-source geological data coupling modeling method based on drilling and complex geological profile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modeling data preparation: carrying out data standardization processing on modeling data to generate three-dimensional data, carrying out data consistency processing, and preparing for the modeling; the modeling data comprises geological section data, drilling data, a ground surface geological map, ground surface topography data, stratum contour line data, fault plane distribution data and fold plane distribution data;
s2, constructing a fault plane: determining the three-dimensional space shape of the fault plane, and generating a three-dimensional fault plane; if the modeling data does not contain fault information, skipping the step;
s3, constructing a ground level: generating a ground surface according to the ground surface elevation data; according to the corresponding relation of the stratum, sequentially constructing the complete stratum surface of each stratum in a top-down sequence; carrying out identification treatment on the special fold stratum, and carrying out consistency treatment splicing on the corresponding layers;
s4, stratum surface intersection treatment: using the fault plane generated in the step S2 and the ground surface and ground plane generated in the step S3, combining modeling boundaries, performing surface intersection processing, and dividing the ground plane according to intersection lines; after the segmentation is completed, removing redundant stratum surfaces to obtain stratum surfaces conforming to stratum distribution;
s5, constructing a geologic body: combining the ground surface generated in the step S3, the ground surface generated in the step S3 and the ground surface generated in the step S4, combining and merging according to the three-dimensional space topological relation, and sealing to generate a geologic body; adding geological properties and visual parameters to the geologic body according to the spatial connection relation between the geologic body and the profile to complete the construction of the geologic body;
the data standardization processing in the step S1 comprises the construction of a standard stratum, and the construction method specifically comprises the following steps: extracting stratum attribute information in geological data, establishing a standard stratum table, and establishing a standard stratum sequence after adjustment according to an expert knowledge base;
in the step S2, the trend and the length of the computed fault can be simulated through the vertical breaking distance of the same fault on each section and the distribution position of the fault between the sections, so as to realize fault modeling;
the step S3 also comprises the processing of a non-standard sequence, and the specific method comprises the following steps: searching the regional data, searching the data with the nonstandard sequence in the stratum, finding the stratum related to the nonstandard sequence according to the top-down sequence, reordering the stratum at the lower layer according to the arrangement of the stratum at the standard sequence, and endowing a new stratum sequence code; repeating the process until the non-standard sequence condition no longer occurs in the universe;
in the step S3, for a special fold stratum, according to the fold plane distribution data identification processing, if the fold plane distribution data is insufficient, the fold position and the distribution range can be automatically identified through the form of the profile stratum line, and the fold is constructed in a local three-dimensional interpolation mode, so that the layer construction is realized;
the specific method for constructing the folds comprises the following steps:
1) Interpolation calculation of the fold space distribution range according to the distribution of the same fold pivot length value on the section;
2) Gridding the spatial distribution range of the folds;
3) Assigning values to the grids by using profile stratum attributes, and performing three-dimensional interpolation;
4) Converting the interpolation into a three-dimensional vector surface according to the attribute threshold after the interpolation is completed, and performing consistency processing and splicing with surrounding ground surfaces to form a complete ground surface;
the specific method for intersecting the curved surfaces in the step S4 comprises the following steps:
A. detecting the collision of the curved surfaces, solving the triangle intersected by each curved surface, and constructing an intersected triangle pair;
B. extracting grid intersection points by taking intersection triangle pairs as units, deleting repeated points, and obtaining curved surface intersection line nodes;
C. the intersection points are sequentially connected into lines, intersection lines are obtained, the edge of the curved surface is reconstructed into a net, and the intersecting curved surface is cut off.
2. A computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program for implementing the method of claim 1 when executed by a processor.
3. An electronic device, comprising:
one or more processors;
memory having stored thereon one or more programs which, when executed by the one or more processors, are adapted to carry out the method of claim 1.
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