Background
The development history of the fan industry in China is long, the fan makes great contribution to the economic growth of China, particularly, China enters the environment-friendly era, and a low-flow high-pressure blower is widely applied as heart equipment of the deep aeration of a sewage treatment plant and the desulfurization oxidation section process of a power plant. Along with the rapid increase of the economy of China, the country increases the investment on infrastructure construction, environment-friendly equipment becomes the pillar industry for the increase of the economy of China, which will stimulate the market of small-flow high-pressure blowers to be more prosperous, and because the energy consumption of the running of the blowers accounts for 50-60% of the desulphurization running cost of sewage treatment plants and coal-fired boilers, the blowers which are more energy-saving, practical and stable in running become the first task in development, meanwhile, the blowers which are lower in noise, convenient to install, operate, low in maintenance frequency and maintenance cost are continuously explored, the technology is continuously improved, and products are continuously enriched. As the application range of centrifugal fans is getting wider, various disadvantages and problems are beginning to be discovered and improved one by one. But the single problem is found and then improved, so that the market rapid development demand cannot be met. The development of the centrifugal fan needs to meet the market demand as a premise, innovation is added, and the development of the market can be promoted only by developing a novel centrifugal fan.
Multi-stage centrifugal blowers are now in use. The series of centrifugal drum (vacuum) fans are multistage centrifugal, and have the advantages of small volume, low noise, light weight, low basic cost, simple structure, convenient maintenance and few easily-damaged parts; uniform gas supply, no pollution of the conveyed gas, good regulation performance, wide range of working conditions and the like. The method is mainly suitable for the fields of aeration of sewage treatment plants (stations), vacuum pumping systems, coal mine ventilation, air combustion supporting, flue gas desulfurization and oxidation, waste gas pressurization, gas conveying, coal washing, gas-water back flushing of water works, printing and the like.
Along with the increase of the environment-friendly market, a plurality of enterprises demand that high-pressure fans are continuously increased, a common fan factory only can produce, but the working condition application, after-sales service, operation regulation protection and few faults of the fan are intangible technologies, and the product quality is perfect guarantee.
The centrifugal fan accelerates gas by using an impeller rotating at a high speed according to the principle that kinetic energy is converted into potential energy, and then decelerates and changes the flow direction so as to convert the kinetic energy into the potential energy (pressure). In a single stage centrifugal fan, the gas enters the impeller from an axial direction, changes to a radial direction as it flows through the impeller, and then enters the diffuser. In diffusers, the gas changes flow direction and the increase in conduit cross-sectional area slows the gas flow, which converts kinetic energy into pressure energy. The pressure increase occurs primarily in the impeller and secondarily in the diffusion process. In a multistage centrifugal fan, a return flow is used to bring the air flow to the next impeller, creating a higher pressure
The centrifugal fan is essentially a variable flow constant pressure device. When the rotating speed is fixed, the pressure-flow theoretical curve of the centrifugal fan is a straight line, and the actual characteristic curve is bent due to internal loss. The pressure generated in the centrifugal fan is greatly affected by changes in the temperature or density of the intake air. For a given air intake, the highest intake temperature (lowest air density) produces the lowest pressure.
1. The diameter of the impeller, the speed of the motor and the running linear speed ensure the air outlet pressure.
2. The size of the impeller blade channel (the width of the blade) ensures the air outlet flow.
Several fan comparisons:
1. roots blower is the most traditional fan, advantage: the price is low, and the installation and the operation are simple; the disadvantages are as follows: the noise is big, and is efficient, and the maintenance frequency is high.
2. The multistage low-speed centrifugal blower is produced in the last 80 th century instead of a Roots blower, and has the advantages that: the price is moderate, the installation and the operation are convenient, the noise is low, the maintenance frequency is low, and the adjustable type is strong; the disadvantages are as follows: the efficiency is higher than that of a Roots blower.
The following high-speed centrifugal fan description: the wind power generation device is designed by adopting the world advanced fluid mechanics principle and is developed by combining an aircraft turbine power system, has the characteristics of ultralow energy consumption, ultrahigh wind pressure, ultrahigh wind speed, ultrahigh flow and the like, benefits from the unique transmission design, can enable the rotating speed of an engine body impeller to reach 13,000 plus 284,00 rpm, obtains ultrahigh wind pressure and ultrahigh air volume while obtaining the ultrahigh wind speed
A high-speed blower: as the name suggests, the speed is high and fast. Also called high-pressure blower, because the high-speed blower reaches the wind pressure of 50-290mbar under the design condition, the wind volume is 85-6000 cubic meters per hour, the rotating speed is 18000-
1. Gear acceleration rate monopole high speed centrifugation air-blower, the advantage: the blower is high in efficiency, simple to install and strong in adjustability; the disadvantages are as follows: the single-stage centrifugal fan generally depends on a gear box to obtain extremely high rotating speed, the rotating speed is extremely high, so the control and maintenance of the fan are particularly important, an independent lubricating oil station must be matched at the same time, and meanwhile, the high rotating speed brings great abrasion of various parts such as blades and the like, so the service life of the single-stage centrifugal fan is long and the service life of the single-stage centrifugal fan is short.
The cost is higher, the operation is relatively complicated, the noise is high, the sound-proof housing must be additionally arranged, the cooling water quantity is large, the gear box loss efficiency, the sound-proof housing loss efficiency, the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost are higher.
2. Magnetism, air suspension single-stage high speed centrifugal blower, the advantage: the blower has high efficiency, low noise, convenient installation, strong adjustability and small occupied area; the disadvantages are as follows: the operation is relatively complex, the maintenance frequency is high, the maintenance cost is very high, the model is not provided with large power, the acid and alkali resistant working condition in the chemical field is increased, the damage to the fan material and the electric control is large,
comparing according to the working principle: the single-stage and multi-stage centrifugal blowers are one kind of speed blower, and the speed of gas is raised by the action of rotating centrifugal force and the diffusion flow in the working wheel during the rotation of the working wheel and the subsequent conversion of the speed energy into pressure energy in the diffuser. The difference between the two is that a single-stage centrifugal fan only has one group of impellers, the air compression is completed by one-time compression, while the multi-stage centrifugal fan is provided with a plurality of groups of impellers on a main shaft, and the air compression is gradually completed among the plurality of groups of impellers.
Because the centrifugal blower compresses air to increase pressure by increasing the flowing speed of the air, namely, the air kinetic energy, the impeller of the single-stage centrifugal blower must be tens of times higher than the rotating speed of the multi-stage blower to obtain the same pressure, the rotating speed of the multi-stage blower is only thousands of revolutions under the common condition, and the rotating speed of the single-stage blower is tens of thousands of revolutions or even hundreds of thousands of revolutions. Because the pressure is provided to a great extent by the improvement of the rotating speed, and the provision of the rotating speed is limited by aspects such as balance, lubrication, material performance and the like, the single-stage centrifugal fan is more used in a low-pressure occasion, and the multi-stage centrifugal fan is more used in a high-pressure occasion.
In summary, the development of a blower with better performance is a trend to meet the development requirements of environmental protection equipment.
The outlet pressure (boost) is divided into: a ventilator (less than or equal to 1.5 ten thousand Pa), a blower (1.5-35 ten thousand Pa) and a compressor (more than or equal to 35 ten thousand Pa).
The pressure ranges are as follows:
low pressure: the total pressure H of the fan is less than or equal to 1000Pa
Medium pressure: h is more than 1000Pa and less than or equal to 3000Pa
High pressure (centrifugal fan) 3000Pa < H ≤ 15000Pa
The air volume change of the fan is in direct proportion to the first power of the rotation speed ratio; the wind pressure change is in direct proportion to the square of the rotating speed ratio; the power change is proportional to the third power of the speed ratio.
The rotating speed is more than 3000r/min, the high-speed blower is used, and the rotating speed is less than or equal to 3000r/min, the low-speed blower is used.
At present, a plurality of fans are large in size, the fans are driven by common motors, so that the efficiency of the fans is low, and noise pollution is generated due to high-speed rotation of large fans.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medium-speed high-pressure multistage centrifugal blower which has high efficiency of the blower, greatly reduces noise of a sound insulation shell on the blower, greatly increases the adjustment range, is more matched with the operation of working conditions, reduces the damage loss of the blower caused by surge during operation, greatly improves the operation efficiency, has a wider operation range and meets the requirement of flow pressure, and solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a multistage centrifugal blower of intermediate speed high pressure, includes the centrifugal blower, be equipped with the base on the centrifugal blower, the top of base is equipped with shell support, welded connection between shell support and the base, shell support's top is equipped with sound insulation shell, and sound insulation shell's one end is equipped with the support, and one side of support is equipped with the motor mount pad, and the inside of motor mount pad is equipped with permanent-magnet machine, sound insulation shell's both ends end all is equipped with the wind channel, welds the intercommunication between wind channel and the sound insulation shell.
Preferably, the sound insulation shell is corrugated, the sound insulation shell is provided with an air duct inside, a silencing hole is formed in the shell wall of the sound insulation shell, a bearing mounting groove is formed in the horizontal direction of the center of the sound insulation shell inside, a bearing is arranged inside the bearing mounting groove, the left end of the sound insulation shell is provided with a rectifying impeller, one side of the rectifying impeller is provided with a boosting impeller, the rectifying impeller and the boosting impeller are mounted on the bearing, and the bearing is provided with an annular bearing near the joint of the two ends of the sound insulation shell.
Preferably, the air inlet is arranged above the air duct at the left end of the sound insulation shell, the air outlet A is arranged above the air duct at the right end of the sound insulation shell, and the air inlet and the air outlet A are communicated with each other through the sound insulation shell.
Preferably, a gear box is arranged in the support, and the permanent magnet motor, the gear box and the bearing end of the centrifugal blower are installed in a matched mode.
Preferably, a connecting shaft is arranged in the center of the rectifying impeller, an impeller guide groove is formed in the connecting shaft, a fan blade is arranged on one side of the impeller guide groove, and the fan blade is connected with the impeller guide groove in a welding mode.
Preferably, the inside of impeller that steps up evenly is equipped with into wind channel, and the central authorities of impeller that steps up are equipped with the connecting axle sleeve, the connecting axle sleeve is connected with one side connecting plate welded connection of impeller that steps up, the outside of connecting axle sleeve is equipped with annular air outlet B, air outlet B and income wind channel intercommunication.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the permanent magnet motor is arranged in the motor mounting seat and configured, so that the motor efficiency is maximized;
(2) the device's is small, the efficient of fan, the sound insulation shell greatly reduced noise on the air-blower, and adjustment range greatly increased moves and matches with the operating mode operation more, reduces the operation and brings the fan damage loss because of breathing heavily, improves operating efficiency greatly, and the operating range is wider, and flow pressure satisfies the requirement more.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a multistage centrifugal blower of intermediate speed high pressure, includes centrifugal blower 1, is equipped with base 4 on the centrifugal blower 1, and the top of base 4 is equipped with shell support 21, welded connection between shell support 21 and the base 4.
Shell support 21's top is equipped with sound insulation shell 7, sound insulation shell 7 becomes the bellows form, sound insulation shell 7's inside is equipped with wind groove 13, be equipped with the hole of making a sound deadening in the conch wall of sound insulation shell 7, sound insulation shell 7's inside central authorities horizontal direction is equipped with the bearing mounting groove, the inside bearing that is equipped with of bearing mounting groove, sound insulation shell 7's inside left end is equipped with rectifier impeller 14, one side of rectifier impeller 14 is equipped with impeller 8 that steps up, rectifier impeller 14's central authorities are equipped with connecting axle 16, be equipped with impeller guiding gutter 15 on the connecting axle 16, one side of impeller guiding gutter 15 is equipped with fan blade 17, welded connection between fan.
The inside of impeller 8 that steps up evenly is equipped with into wind channel 18, and the central authorities of impeller 8 that steps up are equipped with connecting sleeve 20, and connecting sleeve 20 and one side connecting plate welded connection of impeller 18 that steps up are equipped with annular air outlet B19 in the outside of connecting sleeve 20, air outlet B19 and the wind channel 18 intercommunication that advances.
The impeller 8 that steps up all installs on bearing 9, and bearing 9 is close to both ends and is equipped with annular bearing with sound insulation shell 7 junction, and the wind channel top of sound insulation shell 7 left end is equipped with air intake 6, and sound insulation shell 7's right-hand member wind channel top is equipped with air outlet A10, and air intake 6, air outlet A10 shell 7 intercommunication that evenly gives sound insulation.
The one end of shell 7 gives sound insulation is equipped with support 2, the inside of support 2 is equipped with gear box 11, permanent-magnet machine 3, the cooperation installation between the bearing end of gear box 11 and centrifugal blower, one side of support 2 is equipped with motor mount pad 5, the inside of motor mount pad 5 is equipped with permanent-magnet machine 3, configuration permanent-magnet machine electricity 3 makes the motor efficiency maximize, the both ends end of shell 7 gives sound insulation all is equipped with wind channel 12, weld the intercommunication between wind channel 21 and the shell 7 gives sound insulation.
The working process is as follows: permanent-magnet machine 3 drives bearing 9 and rotates, 14 rotations of rectification impeller on the bearing 9, it turns to commutate the air, with air compression, change the flow direction of air simultaneously, outside air enters into syllable-dividing shell 7 inside from air intake 6 along with it, a plurality of impeller 8 that steps up of shell 7 inside all rotate under bearing 9's rotation simultaneously, step up step by step the air current of preliminary compression, air current after stepping up at last forms high-speed air current from the air outlet A10 on shell 7 right-hand member wind channel 12 top that gives sound insulation from step by step.
The device's is small, the efficient of fan, the sound insulation shell greatly reduced noise on the air-blower, and adjustment range greatly increased moves and matches with the operating mode operation more, reduces the operation and brings the fan damage loss because of breathing heavily, improves operating efficiency greatly, and the operating range is wider, and flow pressure satisfies the requirement more.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.