CN112363071A - Non-rechargeable battery residual capacity estimation system and method and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Non-rechargeable battery residual capacity estimation system and method and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种非充电电池剩余电量估算系统、方法和电子设备。一种非充电电池剩余电量估算系统，包括控制模块、超级电容、采样电阻和采样电路；所述采样电阻与所述超级电容串联后接入电池的正负极；系统负载与所述超级电容并联；所述采样电路，与所述控制模块连接，用于采集通过所述采样电阻的电流数据，并将电流数据发送到所述控制模块中；所述控制模块，用于根据电流数据获取电池剩余电量。本发明提供的非充电电池剩余电量估算系统使用超级电容和采样电阻相结合，在保护电池的基础上，保证系统正常供电的基础上，且能够准确检测到电池的剩余电量。
The present invention relates to a non-rechargeable battery remaining power estimation system, method and electronic device. A non-rechargeable battery remaining power estimation system, comprising a control module, a super capacitor, a sampling resistor and a sampling circuit; the sampling resistor is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery after being connected in series with the super capacitor; the system load is connected in parallel with the super capacitor ; the sampling circuit is connected to the control module for collecting the current data passing through the sampling resistor, and sending the current data to the control module; the control module is used for obtaining the remaining battery power according to the current data power. The non-rechargeable battery remaining power estimation system provided by the present invention uses the combination of super capacitor and sampling resistor, on the basis of protecting the battery and ensuring the normal power supply of the system, and can accurately detect the remaining power of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to electronic devices, and more particularly, to a system and method for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery, and an electronic device.
Background
At present, the research on the residual electricity of the battery at home and abroad is basically the research on the rechargeable battery, the application of the residual electricity of the non-rechargeable battery is basically in a blank stage, for example, the rechargeable lithium battery is widely applied to a mobile phone, an accurate electricity display can be provided for a user, the user can conveniently and timely supplement the electric energy, in the field of the water meter, the installation position and the installation environment of the water meter are limited, the user is almost impossible to charge the battery of the water meter, the power supply is the non-rechargeable battery, the judgment method of the residual electricity of the rechargeable battery is difficult to apply to the non-rechargeable battery, the field of the water meter is in the transition period from a mechanical meter to an intelligent meter, the perception of the user to the water meter is in a very low level, the manufacturer basically considers the detection of the residual electricity in order to save the cost, and researches on the non-rechargeable battery with less investment, and since the new national standard GB/T77, the user is informed that the electric quantity of the battery is insufficient 180 days in advance, so that a plurality of manufacturers can slowly research the residual electric quantity of the non-rechargeable battery.
In the field of water meters, a non-rechargeable battery is basically a lithium sub-battery, the current general technology basically adopts a voltage detection method to judge whether the electric quantity of the battery is insufficient, the residual electric quantity cannot be judged, the current voltage state of the battery can be judged only qualitatively, the voltage and electric quantity are nonlinear, the lithium sub-battery has a passivation phenomenon and has the problem of battery voltage lag, the problem that the battery voltage drop recovery needs a period of time after large current appears, and the battery misjudgment is easy to occur when the voltage is directly detected.
Patent document CN201910989739.2 discloses a power supply circuit and a method for estimating remaining power thereof, wherein the power supply circuit is connected to a load for supplying power to the load, and the circuit comprises: a battery module, a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the capacitor is connected between the battery module and the load in parallel and used for supplying power to the load, the positive pole of the capacitor is connected with the battery module and the positive pole of the load, and the negative pole of the capacitor is connected with the battery module and the negative pole of the load; the control switch is connected in series between the battery module and the anode or the cathode of the capacitor and is used for controlling the power supply on-off of the battery module; the power supply management IC comprises a control end, a collection positive electrode and a collection negative electrode, and the control end is connected with the controlled end of the control switch; the collecting positive electrode and the collecting negative electrode are respectively connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor and used for collecting the voltage value of the capacitor and estimating the residual electric quantity of the battery module according to the voltage value. But the above problems have not been solved.
Therefore, the existing technology for calculating the residual capacity of the lithium subcell has the defects and needs to be improved and enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system, method and electronic device, which solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a non-rechargeable battery residual capacity estimation system comprises a control module, a super capacitor, a sampling resistor and a sampling circuit; the sampling resistor is connected with the super capacitor in series and then is connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery; the system load is connected with the super capacitor in parallel;
the sampling circuit is connected with the control module and used for collecting current data passing through the sampling resistor and sending the current data to the control module;
and the control module is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the battery according to the current data.
Preferably, in the non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system, the sampling resistor is connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and the super capacitor is connected to a positive electrode of the battery.
Preferably, in the non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system, the resistance value of the sampling resistor is 10 to 47 Ω.
Preferably, the system for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery further comprises an amplifying module connected in series between the sampling circuit and the control module.
A non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation method to which the non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system is applied, comprising the steps of:
acquiring discharge current data of the battery according to a preset frequency;
performing integral calculation on the discharge current data and the corresponding discharge time to obtain the total discharge amount of the battery;
and obtaining the current residual electric quantity of the battery according to the total discharge quantity of the battery and the total electric quantity of the battery.
Preferably, in the method for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery, the step of obtaining total capacity of the battery is:
acquiring an engineering calculation proportional value and a battery annual loss proportional value to obtain a total electric proportional value;
and obtaining the total electric quantity of the battery according to the initial electric quantity and the total electric proportion value of the battery.
Preferably, the method for estimating the remaining capacity of the non-rechargeable battery further comprises an early warning operation, specifically comprising:
acquiring the periodic power consumption, and predicting the next periodic power consumption according to the adjacent periodic power consumption;
and determining whether to give out an early warning according to the residual electric quantity of the battery and the electricity consumption in the next period.
Preferably, in the method for estimating the remaining capacity of the non-rechargeable battery, the predetermined frequency is in a range of 1 to 1000 Hz; wherein obtaining discharge current data for the battery at the predetermined frequency is specifically operative to:
when the system does not execute a large-current action, acquiring discharge current data of the battery by using a first preset frequency;
and when the system performs a large-current action, acquiring discharge current data of the battery by using a second preset frequency.
Preferably, the method for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery further includes an abnormal large current reporting operation:
when the system executes a large current action, when the large current is judged to be an abnormal current, alarm information is sent.
An electronic device comprising the non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system.
Compared with the prior art, the non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system, the non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation method and the electronic equipment provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1) the non-rechargeable battery residual capacity estimation system provided by the invention combines the super capacitor and the sampling resistor, on the basis of protecting the battery and on the basis of ensuring the normal power supply of the system, the residual capacity of the battery can be accurately detected;
2) according to the non-rechargeable battery residual electric quantity estimation system, the resistance value of the used sampling resistor is far larger than the content of the lithium sub-battery and the super capacitor, the super capacitor is used for working when the system works with large current, the battery preferentially works with small current, and the passivation phenomenon of the battery is reduced;
3) the method for estimating the residual current of the lithium secondary battery uses a current and time integral calculation mode to accurately measure the power consumption, so that the residual electric quantity of the battery can be accurately judged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a particular sampling circuit and discharge module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detailed flow chart of a non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of various detection frequency states embodying the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of one embodiment of different detection frequency states in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a process for determining the total charge of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a total battery charge handling operation;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a battery warning operation in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 11 is a flow chart of the battery abnormal current warning according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory of specific embodiments of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process or method that comprises a list of steps does not include only those steps, but may include other steps not expressly listed or inherent to such process or method. Also, without further limitation, one or more devices or subsystems, elements or structures or components beginning with "comprise. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a non-rechargeable battery remaining capacity estimation system, which includes a control module 1, a super capacitor C1, a sampling resistor R1, and a sampling circuit 2; the sampling resistor R1 is connected with the super capacitor C1 in series and then is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery; a system load 3 is connected with the super capacitor C1 in parallel;
the sampling circuit 2 is connected with the control module 1 and is used for collecting current data passing through the sampling resistor R1 and sending the current data to the control module 1;
and the control module 1 is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the battery according to the current data.
Specifically, in the non-rechargeable battery remaining power estimation system provided by the present invention, the control module 1 is preferably an MCU (Micro Controller Unit), and preferably an existing MCU in the electronic device may be used, or the control module 1 may be configured separately, and corresponding power estimation software is stored to realize estimation of the li-soc; the sampling circuit 2 commonly used in the field is used as the sampling circuit 2, as long as the current value passing through the sampling resistor R1 can be obtained; preferably, the control module 1 includes impedance matching, ADC sampling, and floating point operation, and obtains the accumulated power consumption to obtain the remaining power, and it should be noted that, in general, the power estimation operation commonly used in the art may be used, which is not limited, and of course, the method for estimating the remaining current provided by the present invention may also be used. The non-rechargeable battery residual capacity estimation system provided by the invention is preferentially suitable for the intelligent Internet of things water meter.
The operation principle of the residual electric quantity estimation system provided by the invention is as follows: realize the detection to lithium subcell end microampere current through a super capacitor C1 and a sampling resistor R1, both cooperate each other, are the core that realizes the residual capacity and detect, and this resistance both can realize the sampling to the current, turns into voltage, can realize the protection to lithium subcell again, reduces the passivation phenomenon of lithium subcell.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the apparatus further includes an amplifying module, which is connected in series between the sampling circuit 2 and the control module 1. The sampling resistor R1 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the super capacitor C1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery. Specifically, the amplifying resistor of the amplifying module needs to adopt a megalevel resistor, so that the power consumption is avoided to be overlarge, because the quiescent current of the internet of things water meter cannot be greater than 35uA, the amplifying module requires that the bias voltage is lower than 20uV, and the working current cannot be greater than 1uA, so that the low power consumption of the water meter is ensured. In this embodiment, the placement position of the sampling resistor R1 is fixed, the sampling resistor R1 in the prior art is placed at the positive electrode of the battery, a current signal flowing through the resistor is converted into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is amplified by the amplification module, and actually, the impedance of the load is converted according to the conversion of the current magnitude, so that the amplification resistor is equivalent to the change of the resistance to the ground, and further, the gain is changed along with the change of the resistance to the ground, so that the sampled current value is inaccurate; but the load impedance has little influence on the equivalent resistance of the amplifying resistor when the load impedance is placed at the negative electrode, and the accuracy of measurement can be realized.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the resistance of the sampling resistor R1 is 10 to 47 Ω, and more preferably 15 Ω, 20 Ω, 25 Ω, or 30 Ω. Specifically, the type selection of the sampling resistor R1 is critical, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor R1 is required to be much larger than the internal resistance of the li-battery and much larger than the internal resistance of the super capacitor C1, and generally takes over 10 ohms, so that under the condition of large current, current power can be preferentially taken from the end of the super capacitor C1, which can effectively avoid overflow after amplification due to power taking from the battery end, and the encapsulation of the sampling resistor R1 requires at least 1206 encapsulation and a temperature coefficient of 50PPM, which is different from other rechargeable battery designs, the sampling resistor R1 of the rechargeable lithium battery in the prior art is very small, because the disposable battery adopted by the design of the water meter must adopt a low power consumption mode, the master control MCU basically adopts a second wake-up mode, that is, the master control MCU is in a sleep state for most of time, and wakes up once every second or every second, so as to collect the current of the battery, an ADC (analog to digital converter) channel (which is an MCU built-in module and not described in detail) needs to be opened, and generally, several mA are required to open the ADC channel, and if the resistance is too small, a large current may be drawn from the battery terminal, which results in the collected current being an instantaneous current, which is much larger than the current in a static state, and a static current of several tens of uA of the water meter cannot be tested, so the resistance of the sampling resistor R1 cannot be too small.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 4-5, the present invention further provides a method for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery using the system for estimating remaining capacity of a non-rechargeable battery, comprising:
s1, acquiring discharge current data of the battery according to a preset frequency;
specifically, in this embodiment, the sampling circuit 2 acquires the discharge current data passing through the sampling resistor R1 and sends the discharge current data to the control module 1, and in a further embodiment, the discharge current data needs to be amplified by the discharge module before being sent to the control module 1.
Referring to fig. 6-7, in a further embodiment, the predetermined frequency is in the range of 1-1000 Hz. Acquiring discharge current data of the battery at a predetermined frequency is specifically operative to:
s11, when the system does not execute the large current action, the discharging current data of the battery is obtained by using the first preset frequency; preferably, the first predetermined frequency is 1Hz, and under a normal standby condition of the electronic device, the discharge current of the li-sub battery changes relatively little or slowly, and at this time, the control module 1 collects the discharge current once per second, for example, the quiescent current, and only needs to collect once per second.
And S12, when the system executes the large-current action, the discharge current data of the battery is obtained by using the second preset frequency. Preferably, the second predetermined frequency is 1000Hz, when the electronic device needs to perform data collection and other systems work normally, the discharge current of the lithium secondary battery changes rapidly or increases, for example, a water meter valve acts or wireless data reporting is performed, the collection frequency is accelerated and increased from 1Hz to 1khz at this time, the accuracy of the collected current is improved, and then the following steps are performed to obtain the used power through the integration of the discharge current and time, and calculate the remaining power of the battery. Of course, the operation of determining whether the system executes the large-current action is performed by the control module 1, and the specific determination standard is only a technical scheme commonly used in the field, and is not limited, and specifically, it may be determined that the system executes the large-current action when some built-in software is run.
S2, performing integral calculation on the discharge current data and the corresponding discharge time to obtain the total discharge amount of the battery;
and S3, obtaining the current remaining battery capacity according to the total battery discharge amount and the total battery capacity.
Specifically, the control module 1 mainly completes impedance matching, ADC sampling, floating point operation, remaining power calculation, battery 180-day early warning, algorithm control and abnormal current early warning, wherein the impedance matching is mainly because the amplification resistor in the amplification module is too large, the megaohm level resistance value affects ADC channel sampling, the ADC channel sampling has a holding capacitor with dozens of PF, the amplification resistor affects the impedance of the whole line bus, so that the holding capacitor is not fully charged, and the sampling accuracy is affected, and the floating point operation mainly converts the acquired voltage into current, takes charge of the integration of the current and time, and obtains the used power, thereby obtaining the remaining power.
As a preferable scheme, please refer to fig. 8 to fig. 9, in this embodiment, the step of acquiring the total electric quantity of the battery is:
s31, acquiring an engineering calculation proportional value and a battery annual loss proportional value to obtain a total electricity proportional value; preferably, the engineering calculation proportion value is 70-80%, and more preferably 75%; the battery year loss ratio is 1 to 3%, and more preferably 2%. Firstly, due to the limitation of the manufacturing process of the lithium subcell, most of battery manufacturers test the capacity under the constant resistance discharge, and the load resistance of the battery cannot be constant in the application process in reality, so under the condition of full electricity, the engineering calculation needs to multiply 75 percent as the total capacity of the actual battery, the annual self-discharge loss of the battery is 2 percent, the residual electricity quantity needs to be obtained by reducing the actual electricity quantity of the battery by 2 percent of the annual loss and subtracting the accumulated used electricity quantity of current collection.
And S32, obtaining the total electric quantity of the battery according to the initial electric quantity of the battery and the total electric proportion value.
As a preferred scheme, please refer to fig. 10, in this embodiment, an early warning operation is further included, which specifically includes:
acquiring the periodic power consumption, and predicting the next periodic power consumption according to the adjacent periodic power consumption; preferably, the time of one cycle is 90 to 180 days, more preferably 180 days; the time for carrying out the periodic operation can be the time cut of each period, and can also be the time for carrying out the periodic operation once a day, namely, the sliding operation is realized, and the accuracy of data calculation is ensured.
And determining whether to give out an early warning according to the residual electric quantity of the battery and the electricity consumption in the next period. Specifically, when the remaining electric quantity of the battery is not enough to support the electricity consumption of the next period, the early warning information is sent out, otherwise, the information is not sent out.
Specifically, the discharge current of the battery is collected through a sampling resistor R1 placed at the cathode of the battery, a super capacitor C1 is matched, the large current is discharged through the super capacitor C1, the collected battery discharge current is converted into voltage, the voltage is amplified through an amplifying circuit, impedance matching is carried out through an OPA function in a main control MCU, ADC channel sampling is carried out, ADC channel sampling frequency can be adjusted in an adaptive mode through algorithm control according to the speed and the size of current change, voltage signals collected by the ADC channel are converted into digital signals, then floating point operation is carried out, the integral of the current and the time is calculated, the used power is obtained, the residual power is calculated, the early warning threshold value of the battery 180 is predicted according to the adjacent periodic power consumption of the battery, and abnormal current early warning can be carried out according to the collected current. Because the characteristics of the battery in the discharging process can change along with the change of time, the current of the whole battery can also increase along with the aging of devices, the deepening of the humidity and the like, two adjacent periods are adopted as the electric quantity of the next period of the battery, and the straight line fitting is adopted, so that the method is convenient and quick, and is also closer to the change conditions of the devices of the whole battery and the battery along with the time.
As a preferred solution, please refer to fig. 11, this embodiment further includes an abnormal large current reporting operation:
when the system executes a large current action, when the large current is judged to be an abnormal current, alarm information is sent. Specifically, the abnormal current comprises an exceeding static current and a wireless communication or valve control current exceeding a threshold value, is determined as an abnormal current, and is reported to the master station. Preferably, the abnormal current is that the detected large current data exceeds a current threshold, and the current threshold is set according to a field condition and is not limited.
The practicability of the technical scheme of the invention is verified through the practical application condition of the Internet of things NB-IoT water meter, wherein the sampling and current limiting resistor is 10R and the amplification factor is 100 times, the super capacitor C1 is a 30F farad capacitor, the wireless communication mode is NB-IoT communication, and the accuracy of current collection, the correctness of the consumed power and the realization of the 180-day battery early warning function are verified.
The invention also provides electronic equipment which comprises the non-rechargeable battery residual capacity estimation system, wherein the electronic equipment is preferably an internet of things water meter.
The following examples are used for comparative experiments
Experiment one: comparison of quiescent current tests
The experiment adopts three groups of thing networking water meters to verify the accurate nature of gathering the electric current, is sample A, sample B, sample C respectively, gathers the quiescent current of three groups of static 10 hours of sample, through low-power consumption serial ports output, quiescent current and six half current testing equipment contrast, explains that six half current testing equipment is very accurate current test equipment, can test 1uA to 1A, and the data of test are as follows:
TABLE 1 comparison of quiescent Current Collection
As can be seen from table 1, the quiescent current collected by the technical scheme of the present invention can be close to or substantially equal to six bits, and the accuracy of current sampling in the present invention is verified.
Experiment two:
the accuracy of the collected electric quantity is compared, the electric quantity of primary NB-IoT communication is tested by matching a professional power consumption tester and Keysight 14585A Control and Analysis Software, the reported electric quantity is output through a low-power-consumption serial port, the Internet of things water meter is placed in a shielding room, a base station is introduced into the shielding room, the RSRP tests the once reported electric quantity under the condition of-137 dbm, and the accuracy of electric quantity calculation in the technical scheme is verified.
TABLE 2 one time NB-IoT traffic volume comparison
As can be seen from Table 2, the electric quantity calculation result of the technical scheme of the invention is basically consistent with that of a professional power consumption tester, and the accuracy of the scheme on electric quantity calculation is verified.
Experiment three:
the early warning of the battery is verified for 180 days, the electricity consumption of each 180 days is tested, the NB-IoT communication of the Internet of things water meter is performed once every day, the network environment is consistent, the RSRP is required to be-137 dbm, the battery is selected to be small in capacity, the experiment speed is accelerated, 18500 batteries of Yi latitude lithium energy in Heizhou are adopted, the nominal capacity is 4000mA.h, the actual engineering capacity is 3000mA.h, and the test data are as follows:
TABLE 3 180 days battery capacity (mA.h)
The data in table 3 is the electricity consumption in a period of 180 days, and all three samples can early warn the battery capacity 180 days in advance, so that the requirements of national standard GB/T778 are met.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113489102A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-08 | 成都长城开发科技有限公司 | Metering equipment and power supply control method thereof |
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