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CN112360572B - A Closed Cycle Power Generation System with Active Safety Function - Google Patents

A Closed Cycle Power Generation System with Active Safety Function Download PDF

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CN112360572B
CN112360572B CN202011154639.7A CN202011154639A CN112360572B CN 112360572 B CN112360572 B CN 112360572B CN 202011154639 A CN202011154639 A CN 202011154639A CN 112360572 B CN112360572 B CN 112360572B
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turbine
connecting pipeline
outlet
inlet
power generation
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CN112360572A (en
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马同玲
张扬军
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Tsinghua University
Beijing Power Machinery Institute
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Beijing Power Machinery Institute
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/12—Combinations with mechanical gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F16F15/315—Flywheels characterised by their supporting arrangement, e.g. mountings, cages, securing inertia member to shaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统，该系统主要包括加热器、涡轮、压气机、电机、回热器、冷却器、储备涡轮、变速器、储能飞轮、旁通阀、连接管路和循环工质。当闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统正常工作时，旁通阀处于关闭状态。当闭式布雷顿循环发电系统发生故障时，旁通阀处于开启状态，储备涡轮、变速器和储能飞轮处于工作状态，储备涡轮将加热器出口高温工质的热能转变为机械能，并通过变速器传递给储能飞轮。该系统在发生故障时不仅可以将管路内聚积的高温循环工质的热能及时转变为机械能存储起来，而且可以为闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统提供稳定力矩，有助于保证系统姿态的稳定性，实现对系统的主动安全防护。

Figure 202011154639

The invention relates to a closed cycle power generation system with active safety function, which mainly includes a heater, a turbine, a compressor, a motor, a regenerator, a cooler, a reserve turbine, a transmission, an energy storage flywheel, a bypass valve, Connect pipelines and circulating working fluid. When the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system works normally, the bypass valve is in a closed state. When the closed Brayton cycle power generation system fails, the bypass valve is in the open state, and the reserve turbine, transmission and energy storage flywheel are in working condition. The reserve turbine converts the heat energy of the high-temperature working fluid at the outlet of the heater into mechanical energy and transmits it through the transmission Give energy to the flywheel. When a failure occurs, the system can not only convert the heat energy of the high-temperature circulating working fluid accumulated in the pipeline into mechanical energy for storage, but also provide a stable torque for the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system, which helps to ensure the stability of the system attitude performance, to achieve active security protection for the system.

Figure 202011154639

Description

一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统A Closed Cycle Power Generation System with Active Safety Function

技术领域technical field

本发明属于闭式布雷顿循环发电技术领域，具体涉及一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of closed Brayton cycle power generation, and in particular relates to a closed cycle power generation system with an active safety function.

背景技术Background technique

闭式布雷顿循环发电系统作为一种新型能量转换装置，能够借助工质在闭式循环条件下有序流动通过吸收热量、膨胀做功、放热和压缩等热力循环过程实现热能向机械能的转换，并利用电机进一步将机械能转变为电能。典型的闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统主要由加热器、涡轮、压气机、电机、回热器、冷却器等部件组成。闭式布雷顿循环发电系统在工作过程中与外界仅发生能量交换，而不进行物质交换，可应用于空间等特殊环境下的能量转换。As a new type of energy conversion device, the closed Brayton cycle power generation system can realize the conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy through thermodynamic cycle processes such as heat absorption, expansion work, heat release and compression by means of the orderly flow of working fluid under closed cycle conditions. And use the motor to further convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. A typical closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system is mainly composed of heaters, turbines, compressors, motors, regenerators, coolers and other components. The closed Brayton cycle power generation system only exchanges energy with the outside world during the working process, without exchanging matter, and can be applied to energy conversion in special environments such as space.

闭式布雷顿循环发电系统正常工作时，涡轮、压气机和电机等的转子部件处于高速旋转状态，通过工质在相关部件中的有序流动，实现热能向电能的转换；对于空间等微重力环境下工作的闭式布雷顿循环发电系统，涡轮、压气机和电机等的转子部件的高速旋转，还对系统姿态控制起着关键的作用。当闭式布雷顿循环发电系统中涡轮、压气机、电机等的转子部件无法正常工作时，系统不仅无法按要求实现热能向电能的转换，而且还会引起涡轮进口管路热量的大量聚积，引起管路的破裂甚至爆炸；此外，对于空间应用的闭式布雷顿循环发电系统，涡轮、压气机、电机等的转子部件无法正常工作，还会影响系统的姿态保持与稳定性，对闭式布雷顿循环发电系统的安全性构成威胁。When the closed Brayton cycle power generation system works normally, the rotor components such as the turbine, compressor and motor are in a high-speed rotating state, and the conversion of heat energy to electrical energy is realized through the orderly flow of working fluid in the relevant components; for microgravity such as space The closed Brayton cycle power generation system working in the environment, the high-speed rotation of the rotor components such as the turbine, compressor and motor, also plays a key role in the attitude control of the system. When the rotor components of the turbine, compressor, motor, etc. in the closed Brayton cycle power generation system fail to work normally, the system not only cannot realize the conversion of heat energy to electric energy as required, but also causes a large amount of heat accumulation in the turbine inlet pipeline, causing The rupture or even explosion of the pipeline; in addition, for the closed Brayton cycle power generation system used in space, the rotor components such as turbines, compressors, and motors cannot work normally, which will also affect the attitude maintenance and stability of the system. The safety of the Dayton cycle power generation system poses a threat.

为保证闭式布雷顿循环发电系统的安全性，十分有必要采取相应的安全性技术措施，以防止系统在发生故障时造成严重的后果。In order to ensure the safety of the closed Brayton cycle power generation system, it is very necessary to take corresponding safety technical measures to prevent serious consequences when the system fails.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明针对闭式布雷顿循环发电系统的运行安全性需求，提出一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统。该系统主要包括加热器、涡轮、压气机、电机、回热器、冷却器、储备涡轮、变速器、储能飞轮、旁通阀、循环工质和连接管路。当闭式布雷顿循环发电系统中的涡轮、压气机、电机等部件正常工作时，旁通阀处于关闭状态。当闭式布雷顿循环发电系统中的涡轮、压气机或电机等部件发生故障时，旁通阀处于开启状态，储备涡轮、变速器和储能飞轮处于工作状态，储备涡轮将加热器出口高温工质的热能转变为机械能，并通过变速器传递给储能飞轮。储备涡轮、变速器和储能飞轮一方面将加热器与涡轮进口之间管路内聚积的高温工质的热能及时转变为机械能存储起来，快速降低相关连接管路的压力与温度；另一方面，储备涡轮、变速器和储能飞轮的高速旋转可以为闭式布雷顿循环发电系统提供稳定陀螺力矩，有助于保证系统姿态的稳定性，有效提高系统的安全性。The invention proposes a closed cycle power generation system with an active safety function aiming at the operation safety requirements of the closed Brayton cycle power generation system. The system mainly includes heaters, turbines, compressors, motors, regenerators, coolers, reserve turbines, transmissions, energy storage flywheels, bypass valves, circulating working fluids and connecting pipelines. When the turbine, compressor, motor and other components in the closed Brayton cycle power generation system work normally, the bypass valve is closed. When the turbine, compressor or motor in the closed Brayton cycle power generation system fails, the bypass valve is in the open state, the reserve turbine, transmission and energy storage flywheel are in working condition, and the reserve turbine will export the high-temperature working fluid from the heater The thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy and transmitted to the energy storage flywheel through the transmission. On the one hand, the reserve turbine, transmission and energy storage flywheel convert the heat energy of the high-temperature working fluid accumulated in the pipeline between the heater and the turbine inlet into mechanical energy and store it in time, and quickly reduce the pressure and temperature of the relevant connecting pipelines; on the other hand, The high-speed rotation of the reserve turbine, transmission and energy storage flywheel can provide a stable gyro torque for the closed Brayton cycle power generation system, which helps to ensure the stability of the system attitude and effectively improve the safety of the system.

本发明的技术方案：Technical scheme of the present invention:

一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统，包括加热器、涡轮、压气机、电机、回热器、冷却器、储备涡轮、变速器、储能飞轮、旁通阀、连接管路和循环工质。A closed-cycle power generation system with active safety functions, including heaters, turbines, compressors, motors, regenerators, coolers, reserve turbines, transmissions, energy storage flywheels, bypass valves, connecting pipelines and cycle workers quality.

所述加热器用于加热循环工质，所述加热器的进口通过连接管路同回热器的冷侧出口相连接，所述加热器的出口通过连接管路同涡轮的进口相连接；The heater is used to heat the circulating working fluid, the inlet of the heater is connected with the outlet of the cold side of the regenerator through the connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the heater is connected with the inlet of the turbine through the connecting pipeline;

所述涡轮用于将热能转换为机械功，所述涡轮的进口通过连接管路同加热器的出口相连接，所述涡轮的出口通过连接管路同回热器热侧进口相连接，所述涡轮的转轴同电机的转轴和压气机的转轴相联接；The turbine is used to convert thermal energy into mechanical work, the inlet of the turbine is connected with the outlet of the heater through the connecting pipeline, the outlet of the turbine is connected with the hot side inlet of the regenerator through the connecting pipeline, the The rotating shaft of the turbine is connected with the rotating shaft of the motor and the rotating shaft of the compressor;

所述压气机用于利用涡轮输出的部分机械功，实现闭式循环系统中循环工质压力的提升，所述压气机的进口通过连接管路同冷却器的出口相连接，所述压气机的出口通过连接管路同回热器的冷侧进口相连接；The compressor is used to use part of the mechanical work output by the turbine to increase the pressure of the circulating working medium in the closed cycle system. The inlet of the compressor is connected with the outlet of the cooler through a connecting pipeline. The outlet is connected with the inlet of the cold side of the regenerator through the connecting pipeline;

所述电机用于将涡轮输出的部分机械功转变为电能，所述电机的转轴同涡轮的转轴相联接；The motor is used to convert part of the mechanical work output by the turbine into electrical energy, and the rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft of the turbine;

所述回热器用于将涡轮出口循环工质的热量传递给压气机出口循环工质，所述回热器的热侧进口通过连接管路同涡轮的出口相连接，所述回热器的热侧出口通过连接管路同冷却器的进口相连接，所述回热器的冷侧进口通过连接管路同压气机的出口相连接，所述回热器的冷侧出口通过连接管路同加热器的进口相连接；The regenerator is used to transfer the heat of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the turbine to the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the compressor. The hot side inlet of the regenerator is connected with the outlet of the turbine through a connecting pipeline. The side outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooler through a connecting pipeline, the cold side inlet of the regenerator is connected to the outlet of the compressor through a connecting pipeline, and the cold side outlet of the regenerator is connected to the heating outlet through a connecting pipeline. The inlet of the device is connected;

所述冷却器用于冷却循环工质，所述冷却器的进口通过连接管路同回热器热侧出口和储备涡轮的出口相连接，所述冷却器的出口通过连接管路同压气机的进口相连接。The cooler is used to cool the circulating working fluid, the inlet of the cooler is connected with the hot side outlet of the regenerator and the outlet of the storage turbine through the connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the compressor through the connecting pipeline connected.

所述储备涡轮用于在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统发生故障时将加热器出口的循环工质的热能转变为机械能，所述储备涡轮的进口通过连接管路同旁通阀的出口端相连接，所述储备涡轮的出口通过连接管路同冷却器的进口相连接；The reserve turbine is used to convert the thermal energy of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the heater into mechanical energy when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system fails. The inlet of the reserve turbine is connected to the outlet port of the bypass valve through a connecting pipeline. Connected, the outlet of the storage turbine is connected with the inlet of the cooler through a connecting pipeline;

所述变速器用于在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统发生故障时将储备涡轮输出的机械功传递给储能飞轮，所述变速器的转轴一端同储备涡轮的转轴相联接，所述变速器的转轴另一端同储能飞轮的转轴相联接；The transmission is used to transmit the mechanical work output by the storage turbine to the energy storage flywheel when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system fails. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the rotation shaft of the storage turbine. One end is connected with the rotating shaft of the energy storage flywheel;

所述储能飞轮用于储存机械能，所述储能飞轮的转轴同变速器的转轴相联接，所述储能飞轮工作时的旋转方向同闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统正常工作时转子的旋转方向相同；The energy storage flywheel is used to store mechanical energy, the rotation shaft of the energy storage flywheel is connected with the transmission shaft, and the rotation direction of the energy storage flywheel is the same as that of the rotor when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system works normally. same;

所述旁通阀用于控制加热器出口和储备涡轮进口之间的连接状态，所述旁通阀在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统发生故障时处于开启状态，所述旁通阀在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统正常工作时处于关闭状态，所述旁通阀的进口端通过连接管路同加热器的出口相连接，所述旁通阀的出口端通过连接管路同储备涡轮的进口相连接；The bypass valve is used to control the connection state between the outlet of the heater and the inlet of the reserve turbine, and the bypass valve is in the open state when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system fails, and the bypass valve is in the closed state The Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system is in a closed state during normal operation, the inlet end of the bypass valve is connected to the outlet of the heater through the connecting pipeline, and the outlet end of the bypass valve is connected to the inlet of the reserve turbine through the connecting pipeline connected;

所述连接管路用于连通加热器、涡轮、压气机、回热器、冷却器、储备涡轮和旁通阀；The connecting pipeline is used to communicate with heater, turbine, compressor, regenerator, cooler, reserve turbine and bypass valve;

所述循环工质在工作温度范围内保持气体状态，所述循环工质在由加热器及其连接管路、涡轮及其连接管路、压气机及其连接管路、回热器及其连接管路、冷却器及其连接管路、储备涡轮及其连接管路和旁通阀及其连接管路组成的闭式系统中按需循环流动。The circulating working medium maintains a gas state within the working temperature range, and the circulating working medium is formed by the heater and its connecting pipeline, the turbine and its connecting pipeline, the compressor and its connecting pipeline, the regenerator and its connecting Pipeline, cooler and its connecting pipeline, reserve turbine and its connecting pipeline, bypass valve and its connecting pipeline in a closed system that circulates on demand.

本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统，采用旁通阀、储备涡轮、变速器和储能飞轮组成的旁路循环系统，能够在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统中的涡轮、压气机或电机等部件发生故障时，将加热器与涡轮进口之间管路内聚积的高温循环工质的热能及时转变为机械能存储起来，快速降低相关部件及连接管路及的压力与温度，防止发生部件及连接管路的破裂或爆炸；同时，储能飞轮的旋转以及储能飞轮工作时的旋转方向同闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统正常工作时转子的旋转方向相同，可以为闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统提供有效陀螺力矩，有助于保持系统姿态的稳定性。在加热器出口和储备涡轮之间设置旁通阀，可以根据闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统的状态，对储备涡轮、变速器和储能飞轮的进行有效控制。该系统具有主动安全防护功能，能够在闭式布雷顿循环发电系统发生故障时对系统起到良好的保护作用。A closed cycle power generation system with an active safety function, which uses a bypass cycle system composed of a bypass valve, a reserve turbine, a transmission and an energy storage flywheel, which can be used in a closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system for turbines, compressors or When the motor and other components fail, the heat energy of the high-temperature circulating working fluid accumulated in the pipeline between the heater and the turbine inlet is converted into mechanical energy in time and stored, and the pressure and temperature of related components and connecting pipelines are quickly reduced to prevent components from occurring. And the rupture or explosion of the connecting pipeline; at the same time, the rotation of the energy storage flywheel and the rotation direction of the energy storage flywheel are the same as the rotation direction of the rotor when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system works normally, which can be a closed Brayton cycle The thermoelectric conversion system provides effective gyro torque, which helps to maintain the stability of the system attitude. A bypass valve is set between the outlet of the heater and the reserve turbine, which can effectively control the reserve turbine, the transmission and the energy storage flywheel according to the state of the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system. The system has an active safety protection function, which can play a good role in protecting the system when the closed Brayton cycle power generation system fails.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统组成示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a closed cycle power generation system with active safety functions.

1加热器 2涡轮 3压气机 4电机 5回热器 6冷却器 7储备涡轮 8变速器 9储能飞轮 10旁通阀 11回热器热侧进口 12回热器热侧出口 13回热器冷侧进口 14回热器冷侧出口1 heater 2 turbine 3 compressor 4 motor 5 regenerator 6 cooler 7 reserve turbine 8 transmission 9 energy storage flywheel 10 bypass valve 11 regenerator hot side inlet 12 regenerator hot side outlet 13 regenerator cold side Inlet 14 Regenerator cold side outlet

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

本发明提供了一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统，其目的在于针对闭式布雷顿循环发电系统的运行安全性需求，提出一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统。该系统不仅能够实现热能向电能的转换，而且能够在闭式布雷顿循环发电系统发生故障时对系统起到保护作用。The present invention provides a closed cycle power generation system with active safety function, aiming to propose a closed cycle power generation system with active safety function in view of the operation safety requirements of the closed Brayton cycle power generation system. The system can not only realize the conversion of thermal energy into electric energy, but also protect the system when the closed Brayton cycle power generation system fails.

如图1所示，一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统，包括加热器1、涡轮2、压气机3、电机4、回热器5、冷却器6、储备涡轮7、变速器8、储能飞轮9、旁通阀10、连接管路和循环工质。As shown in Figure 1, a closed-cycle power generation system with active safety functions includes a heater 1, a turbine 2, a compressor 3, a motor 4, a regenerator 5, a cooler 6, a reserve turbine 7, a transmission 8, Energy storage flywheel 9, bypass valve 10, connecting pipeline and circulating working fluid.

所述加热器1用于加热循环工质，所述加热器1的进口通过连接管路同回热器的冷侧出口14相连接，所述加热器1的出口通过连接管路同涡轮2的进口相连接；The heater 1 is used to heat the circulating working fluid. The inlet of the heater 1 is connected to the cold side outlet 14 of the regenerator through a connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the heater 1 is connected to the outlet of the turbine 2 through a connecting pipeline. The import is connected;

所述涡轮2用于将热能转换为机械功，所述涡轮2的进口通过连接管路同加热器1的出口相连接，所述涡轮2的出口通过连接管路同回热器热侧进口11相连接，所述涡轮2的转轴同电机4的转轴和压气机3的转轴相联接；The turbine 2 is used to convert thermal energy into mechanical work. The inlet of the turbine 2 is connected to the outlet of the heater 1 through a connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the turbine 2 is connected to the hot side inlet 11 of the regenerator through a connecting pipeline. Connected, the rotating shaft of the turbine 2 is connected with the rotating shaft of the motor 4 and the rotating shaft of the compressor 3;

所述压气机3用于利用涡轮输出的部分机械功，实现闭式循环系统中循环工质压力的提升，所述压气机3的进口通过连接管路同冷却器6的出口相连接，所述压气机3的出口通过连接管路同回热器的冷侧进口13相连接；The compressor 3 is used to utilize part of the mechanical work output by the turbine to increase the pressure of the circulating working medium in the closed cycle system. The inlet of the compressor 3 is connected to the outlet of the cooler 6 through a connecting pipeline. The outlet of the compressor 3 is connected with the cold side inlet 13 of the regenerator through a connecting pipeline;

所述电机4用于将涡轮输出的部分机械功转变为电能，所述电机4的转轴同涡轮2的转轴相联接；The motor 4 is used to convert part of the mechanical work output by the turbine into electrical energy, and the rotating shaft of the motor 4 is connected with the rotating shaft of the turbine 2;

所述回热器5用于将涡轮2的出口循环工质的热量传递给压气机3的出口循环工质，所述回热器的热侧进口11通过连接管路同涡轮2的出口相连接，所述回热器的热侧出口12通过连接管路同冷却器6的进口相连接，所述回热器的冷侧进口13通过连接管路同压气机3的出口相连接，所述回热器的冷侧出口14通过连接管路同加热器1的进口相连接；The regenerator 5 is used to transfer the heat of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the turbine 2 to the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the compressor 3, and the hot side inlet 11 of the regenerator is connected with the outlet of the turbine 2 through a connecting pipeline , the hot-side outlet 12 of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the cooler 6 through a connecting pipeline, and the cold-side inlet 13 of the regenerator is connected to the outlet of the compressor 3 through a connecting pipeline. The cold side outlet 14 of the heater is connected with the inlet of the heater 1 through a connecting pipeline;

所述冷却器6用于冷却循环工质，所述冷却器6的进口通过连接管路同回热器热侧出口12和储备涡轮7的出口相连接，所述冷却器6的出口通过连接管路同压气机3的进口相连接；The cooler 6 is used to cool the circulating working fluid, the inlet of the cooler 6 is connected with the hot side outlet 12 of the regenerator and the outlet of the reserve turbine 7 through a connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the cooler 6 is connected through a connecting pipe The road is connected with the inlet of the compressor 3;

所述储备涡轮7用于在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统发生故障时将加热器出口的循环工质的热能转变为机械能，所述储备涡轮7的进口通过连接管路同旁通阀11的出口端相连接，所述储备涡轮7的出口通过连接管路同冷却器6的进口相连接；The reserve turbine 7 is used to convert the thermal energy of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the heater into mechanical energy when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system fails. The inlet of the reserve turbine 7 is connected to the bypass valve 11 through the The outlet end is connected, and the outlet of the reserve turbine 7 is connected with the inlet of the cooler 6 through a connecting pipeline;

所述变速器8用于在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统发生故障时将储备涡轮7输出的机械功传递给储能飞轮9，所述变速器8的转轴一端同储备涡轮7的转轴相联接，所述变速器8的转轴另一端同储能飞轮9的转轴相联接；The transmission 8 is used to transmit the mechanical work output by the reserve turbine 7 to the energy storage flywheel 9 when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system fails, and one end of the rotating shaft of the transmission 8 is connected with the rotating shaft of the reserve turbine 7, so that The other end of the rotating shaft of the speed changer 8 is connected with the rotating shaft of the energy storage flywheel 9;

所述储能飞轮9用于储存机械能，所述储能飞轮9的转轴同变速器8的转轴相联接，所述储能飞轮9工作时的旋转方向同闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统正常工作时转子的旋转方向相同；The energy storage flywheel 9 is used to store mechanical energy, the rotating shaft of the energy storage flywheel 9 is connected with the rotating shaft of the transmission 8, and the rotation direction of the energy storage flywheel 9 is the same as that of the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system when it is working normally. The direction of rotation of the rotors is the same;

所述旁通阀10用于控制加热器1的出口和储备涡轮7的进口之间的连接状态，所述旁通阀10在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统发生故障时处于开启状态，所述旁通阀10在闭式布雷顿循环热电转换系统正常工作时处于关闭状态，所述旁通阀10的进口端通过连接管路同加热器1的出口相连接，所述旁通阀10的出口端通过连接管路同储备涡轮7的进口相连接；The bypass valve 10 is used to control the connection state between the outlet of the heater 1 and the inlet of the reserve turbine 7, and the bypass valve 10 is in an open state when the closed Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system fails, the The bypass valve 10 is in a closed state when the closed-type Brayton cycle thermoelectric conversion system works normally, and the inlet end of the bypass valve 10 is connected with the outlet of the heater 1 through a connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the bypass valve 10 is The end is connected with the inlet of the storage turbine 7 through a connecting pipeline;

所述连接管路用于连通加热器1、涡轮2、压气机3、回热器5、冷却器6、储备涡轮7和旁通阀10；The connecting pipeline is used to communicate with heater 1, turbine 2, compressor 3, regenerator 5, cooler 6, reserve turbine 7 and bypass valve 10;

所述循环工质在工作温度范围内保持气体状态，所述循环工质在由加热器1及其连接管路、涡轮2及其连接管路、压气机3及其连接管路、回热器5及其连接管路、冷却器6及其连接管路、储备涡轮7及其连接管路和旁通阀10及其连接管路组成的闭式系统中按需循环流动。The circulating working medium maintains a gaseous state within the working temperature range, and the circulating working medium is formed by the heater 1 and its connecting pipeline, the turbine 2 and its connecting pipeline, the compressor 3 and its connecting pipeline, and the regenerator 5 and its connecting pipeline, cooler 6 and its connecting pipeline, reserve turbine 7 and its connecting pipeline, bypass valve 10 and its connecting pipeline in a closed system composed of on-demand circulation.

在所提出的一种具有主动安全功能的闭式循环发电系统中，当闭式布雷顿循环发电系统正常工作时，旁通阀10处于关闭状态，循环工质在由加热器1及其连接管路、涡轮2及其连接管路、压气机3及其连接管路、回热器5及其连接管路、冷却器6及其连接管路、储备涡轮7及其连接管路和旁通阀10及其连接管路组成的闭式系统中有序流动，实现热能向电能的转换；当闭式布雷顿循环发电系统中的涡轮2、压气机3或电机4等部件发生故障时，旁通阀10处于开启状态，储备涡轮7、变速器8和储能飞轮9处于工作状态，储备涡轮7将加热器1出口循环工质的热能转变为机械能，并通过变速器8传递给储能飞轮9，一方面将加热器与涡轮进口之间管路内聚积的高温工质的热能及时转变为机械能存储起来，快速降低相关连接管路的压力与温度，另一方面为闭式布雷顿循环发电系统提供稳定力矩，实现对系统的安全防护。In the proposed closed cycle power generation system with active safety function, when the closed Brayton cycle power generation system works normally, the bypass valve 10 is in the closed state, and the circulating working medium is supplied by the heater 1 and its connecting pipe road, turbine 2 and its connecting pipeline, compressor 3 and its connecting pipeline, regenerator 5 and its connecting pipeline, cooler 6 and its connecting pipeline, reserve turbine 7 and its connecting pipeline and bypass valve 10 and its connecting pipelines flow in an orderly manner in a closed system to realize the conversion of heat energy to electric energy; when the turbine 2, compressor 3 or motor 4 in the closed Brayton cycle power generation system fails, the bypass The valve 10 is in the open state, the reserve turbine 7, the transmission 8 and the energy storage flywheel 9 are in the working state, and the reserve turbine 7 converts the heat energy of the circulating working fluid at the outlet of the heater 1 into mechanical energy, and transmits it to the energy storage flywheel 9 through the transmission 8. On the one hand, the heat energy of the high-temperature working fluid accumulated in the pipeline between the heater and the turbine inlet is converted into mechanical energy in time and stored, and the pressure and temperature of the relevant connecting pipelines are quickly reduced; on the other hand, it provides stability for the closed Brayton cycle power generation system. Torque to realize the safety protection of the system.

以上所述仅为本发明创造的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明创造，凡在本发明创造的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明创造的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the Within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a closed cycle power generation system with initiative safety function which characterized in that: the system comprises a heater (1), a turbine (2), a gas compressor (3), a motor (4), a heat regenerator (5), a cooler (6), a reserve turbine (7), a transmission (8), an energy storage flywheel (9), a bypass valve (10), a connecting pipeline and a circulating working medium;
the heater (1) is used for heating a circulating working medium, an inlet of the heater (1) is connected with a cold side outlet (14) of the heat regenerator through a connecting pipeline, and an outlet of the heater (1) is connected with an inlet of the turbine (2) through a connecting pipeline;
the turbine (2) is used for converting heat energy into mechanical work, an inlet of the turbine (2) is connected with an outlet of the heater (1) through a connecting pipeline, an outlet of the turbine (2) is connected with an inlet (11) at the hot side of the heat regenerator through a connecting pipeline, and a rotating shaft of the turbine (2) is connected with a rotating shaft of the motor (4) and a rotating shaft of the compressor (3);
the air compressor (3) is used for utilizing partial mechanical work output by the turbine to realize the lifting of the pressure of a circulating working medium in the closed-type circulating power generation system, an inlet of the air compressor (3) is connected with an outlet of the cooler (6) through a connecting pipeline, and an outlet of the air compressor (3) is connected with a cold side inlet (13) of the heat regenerator through a connecting pipeline;
the motor (4) is used for converting part of mechanical work output by the turbine into electric energy, and a rotating shaft of the motor (4) is connected with a rotating shaft of the turbine (2);
the heat regenerator (5) is used for transferring heat of an outlet circulating working medium of the turbine (2) to an outlet circulating working medium of the gas compressor (3), a hot side inlet (11) of the heat regenerator is connected with an outlet of the turbine (2) through a connecting pipeline, a hot side outlet (12) of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of the cooler (6) through a connecting pipeline, a cold side inlet (13) of the heat regenerator is connected with an outlet of the gas compressor (3) through a connecting pipeline, and a cold side outlet (14) of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of the heater (1) through a connecting pipeline;
the cooler (6) is used for cooling the circulating working medium, an inlet of the cooler (6) is connected with a hot side outlet (12) of the heat regenerator and an outlet of the reserve turbine (7) through a connecting pipeline, and an outlet of the cooler (6) is connected with an inlet of the compressor (3) through a connecting pipeline;
the connecting pipeline is used for communicating the heater (1), the turbine (2), the compressor (3), the heat regenerator (5), the cooler (6), the reserve turbine (7) and the bypass valve (10);
the inlet of the reserve turbine (7) is connected with the outlet end of the bypass valve (10) through a connecting pipeline, and the outlet of the reserve turbine (7) is connected with the inlet of the cooler (6) through a connecting pipeline;
one end of a rotating shaft of the speed changer (8) is connected with a rotating shaft of the reserve turbine (7), and the other end of the rotating shaft of the speed changer (8) is connected with a rotating shaft of the energy storage flywheel (9);
the rotating shaft of the energy storage flywheel (9) is connected with the rotating shaft of the transmission (8);
the inlet end of the bypass valve (10) is connected with the outlet of the heater (1) through a connecting pipeline, and the outlet end of the bypass valve (10) is connected with the inlet of the reserve turbine (7) through a connecting pipeline;
the circulating working medium keeps a gas state in a working temperature range, and circularly flows as required in a closed system consisting of a heater (1) and a connecting pipeline thereof, a turbine (2) and a connecting pipeline thereof, a gas compressor (3) and a connecting pipeline thereof, a heat regenerator (5) and a connecting pipeline thereof, a cooler (6) and a connecting pipeline thereof, a reserve turbine (7) and a connecting pipeline thereof, and a bypass valve (10) and a connecting pipeline thereof.
2. The closed cycle power generation system with active safety function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reserve turbine (7) is used for converting the heat energy of the circulating working medium at the outlet of the heater into mechanical energy when the closed cycle power generation system breaks down.
3. The closed cycle power generation system with active safety function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission (8) is used for transmitting the mechanical work output by the reserve turbine (7) to the energy storage flywheel (9) when the closed cycle power generation system fails.
4. The closed cycle power generation system with active safety feature of claim 1 wherein: the energy storage flywheel (9) is used for storing mechanical energy, and the rotating direction of the energy storage flywheel (9) during working is the same as that of the rotor of the closed cycle power generation system during normal working.
5. The closed cycle power generation system with active safety function as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bypass valve (10) is used for controlling the connection state between the outlet of the heater (1) and the inlet of the reserve turbine (7), the bypass valve (10) is in an open state when the closed-cycle power generation system fails, and the bypass valve (10) is in a closed state when the closed-cycle power generation system normally works.
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