Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a booster for a hydrogen fuel vehicle, which can reduce the problem of excessive power consumption of an air compressor caused by an air braking mode in the conventional hydrogen fuel cell passenger car.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a supercharger for a hydrogen fuel vehicle, including a cylinder with two ends sealed, a spring and a piston plate group capable of moving along an axis of the cylinder, where the piston plate group divides an inner cavity of the cylinder into a pressure reducing cavity and a pressure increasing cavity which are isolated from each other, and the spring is capable of providing an elastic force for the piston plate group to move towards the pressure reducing cavity;
one end of the decompression cavity, which is far away from the pressurization cavity, can be communicated with a high-pressure gas supply end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system, and the middle part of the cylinder body is provided with a hydrogen outlet for communicating the inner cavity of the cylinder body with a low-pressure gas return end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system; one end of the pressure increasing cavity, which is far away from the pressure reducing cavity, can be respectively communicated with the external atmospheric environment and the air storage cylinder in a one-way mode;
the piston plate group is configured to: when the piston plate group moves to the extreme position towards the pressurizing cavity, the hydrogen outlet is exposed in the decompression cavity; when the piston plate group moves to the extreme position towards the decompression cavity, the hydrogen outlet is not communicated with the pressurization cavity.
As a further improvement, the piston plate group comprises a first piston plate close to the decompression cavity and a second piston plate close to the pressurization cavity, the first piston plate and the second piston plate are coaxially arranged, and the first piston plate and the second piston plate are fixedly connected through a connecting rod.
As a further improvement, the spring is sleeved outside the connecting rod, a limiting plate is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the cylinder body, the connecting rod penetrates through the limiting plate, and two ends of the spring are respectively pressed on the opposite side faces of the first piston plate and the limiting plate.
As a further improvement, an electric valve is arranged between the decompression cavity and a high-pressure gas supply end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system, and the electric valve is controlled by a pressurization controller to realize opening and closing.
The second aspect of the disclosure provides a brake gas-taking pressurization system for a hydrogen fuel vehicle, which further comprises a vehicle-mounted hydrogen system and a brake gas-taking system, wherein a high-pressure gas supply end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system is communicated with a decompression cavity, the brake gas-taking system is communicated with a pressurization cavity, and a hydrogen outlet is communicated with a low-pressure gas return end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system.
As a further improvement, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system comprises a hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen cylinder supplies hydrogen for the fuel cell engine after being decompressed by the primary decompression valve and the secondary decompression valve, an air supply pipe between the hydrogen cylinder and the primary decompression valve can be communicated with the decompression cavity to form a high-pressure air supply end, and the air supply pipe between the primary decompression valve and the secondary decompression valve can be communicated with a hydrogen outlet to form a low-pressure air return end.
As a further improvement, the hydrogen outlet is connected with an air return pipe, and the middle part of the air return pipe is provided with a hydrogen buffer tank.
A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a brake air-intake supercharging method for a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, using the brake air-intake supercharging system for a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, including the steps of:
the electromagnetic valve is opened, high-pressure hydrogen is filled into the decompression cavity, and air with normal pressure is filled into the pressurization cavity; the high-pressure hydrogen pushes the piston plate group to move towards the pressurizing cavity; before the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the decompression cavity, the electromagnetic valve is closed; the air under normal pressure in the pressurizing cavity is compressed;
when the piston plate group moves to the limit position towards the pressurizing cavity, the decompressed hydrogen in the decompressing cavity is discharged into a low-pressure air return end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system through the hydrogen outlet; after the air in the pressurization cavity is pressurized to a set value, the air is discharged into a braking air-taking system;
the spring drives the piston plate group to move to the extreme position towards the decompression cavity, and the pressurization cavity is refilled with low-pressure air; and opening the electromagnetic valve, and filling the high-pressure hydrogen into the decompression cavity again.
The beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical solutions are as follows:
(1) according to the method, the piston plate assembly is adopted to separate the decompression cavity and the pressurization cavity, the energy of high-pressure hydrogen in the decompression cavity is utilized to compress normal-pressure air in the pressurization cavity, the energy conversion in the whole process is a process of converting effective energy stored by the high-pressure hydrogen into heat energy and effective energy stored by the pressurized air, and the conversion process does not need electric energy. The whole process can save electric energy by 99 percent, not only improves the decompression efficiency of high-pressure hydrogen, but also improves the energy utilization efficiency, and can better ensure the safety of the whole vehicle.
(2) The first piston plate and the second piston plate are matched for use, and the first piston plate and the second piston plate are fixedly connected to form a piston plate assembly, so that the piston plate assembly has a certain length in the axial direction of the cylinder body; the selective communication between the hydrogen outlet and the decompression cavity is convenient to realize, and the hydrogen outlet is always isolated from the pressurization cavity.
(3) The mode that the spring is sleeved outside the connecting rod is adopted, the existing connecting rod can be utilized for supporting, and the problem that the volume of the spring affects the reciprocating movement of the piston plate group along the axis direction of the cylinder body when the spring is arranged in the pressure reducing cavity or the pressure increasing cavity is avoided.
(4) The electric valve is matched with the pressurization controller, so that the communication between the decompression cavity and the high-pressure gas supply end in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system can be automatically disconnected before the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the decompression cavity.
(5) By adopting the structure of the hydrogen buffer tank, the buffer of hydrogen with relatively low pressure discharged from the pressure reduction cavity can be realized, and the hydrogen pressure impact on the secondary pressure reduction valve is reduced.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a supercharger 1 for a hydrogen fuel vehicle, which includes a cylinder with two closed ends, a spring 18 and a piston plate group that can move along the axis of the cylinder are arranged in the cylinder, the piston plate group divides the inner cavity of the cylinder into a decompression cavity 110 and a supercharging cavity 14 that are isolated, and the spring 18 can provide elastic force for the piston plate group to move towards the decompression cavity 110;
one end of the decompression cavity 110, which is far away from the pressurization cavity 14, can be communicated with a high-pressure gas supply end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2, and the middle part of the cylinder body is provided with a hydrogen outlet for communicating the inner cavity of the cylinder body with a low-pressure gas return end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2; one end of the pressurization cavity 14 far away from the decompression cavity 110 can be in one-way communication with the external atmospheric environment and the air storage cylinder 34 respectively;
the piston plate group is configured to: when the piston plate group moves to the extreme position toward pressurizing chamber 14, the hydrogen gas outlet is exposed to decompression chamber 110; when the piston plate group moves to the extreme position toward decompression chamber 110, the hydrogen gas outlet does not communicate with booster chamber 14.
In this embodiment, the piston plate set includes a first piston plate 19 adjacent to the decompression chamber 110 and a second piston plate 16 adjacent to the pressurization chamber 14, the first piston plate 19 is coaxially disposed with the second piston plate 16, and the first piston plate 19 is fixedly connected with the second piston plate 16 through a connecting rod. Specifically, the spring 18 is sleeved outside the connecting rod, the middle of the inner cavity of the cylinder body is provided with a limiting plate 17, the connecting rod penetrates through the limiting plate 17, and two ends of the spring 18 are respectively pressed on the opposite side faces of the first piston plate 19 and the limiting plate 17.
It is understood that in other embodiments, spring 18 may be disposed in either plenum chamber 14 or decompression chamber 110; when the spring 18 is disposed in the pressurizing chamber 14, both ends of the spring 18 are fixedly connected to the side surface of the end portion of the cylinder and the first piston plate 19, respectively. When the spring 18 is disposed in the decompression chamber 110, both ends of the spring 18 are fixedly connected to the side surface of the end of the cylinder and the second piston plate, respectively.
In other embodiments, the piston plate assembly may be formed directly from a piston plate having a relatively large thickness in the axial direction, and the pressurizing chamber 14 is intermittently communicated with the hydrogen outlet during the movement of the piston plate.
An electric valve is arranged between the decompression cavity 110 and the high-pressure gas supply end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2, and the electric valve is controlled by the pressurization controller 24 to realize opening and closing.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present embodiment provides a brake air intake supercharging system for a hydrogen fuel vehicle, the air supercharging system includes the supercharging controller 24 described in embodiment 1, the supercharging controller 24 can control the decompression chamber 110 to take hydrogen gas with higher pressure from the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2, the air filtered by the air filter 13 is supercharged to a limited pressure by the supercharger 1, and the hydrogen gas in the supercharger 1 is decompressed and the air is supercharged. The pressurized air enters the braking air taking system 3, is condensed by the condenser 31 and is dried by the dryer 32, and then is stored in the air storage bottle group for use when the vehicle is braked; the decompressed hydrogen gas is returned to the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2 through the hydrogen buffer tank 5.
The vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2 is a hydrogen storage and supply part of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car and comprises a primary pressure reducer, a secondary pressure reducer, pressure reduction and stabilization equipment and some related safety control equipment. A hydrogen system supercharger is arranged in the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system and used for controlling the on-off of power supply to the hydrogen fuel cell.
The first-stage pressure reducer can reduce the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen to about 20bar, and can ensure the normal work of the supercharger 1.
The two-stage pressure reducer adjusts the pressure of the hydrogen to the pressure range required by the fuel cell engine 25, so that the normal work of the fuel cell engine 25 can be ensured, and the power source of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car is efficient, stable and reliable.
The electromagnetic valve 11 is an explosion-proof electromagnetic valve 11, the valve body structure of the electromagnetic valve 11 is made of 316 stainless steel with low carbon content, and the pressure boost controller 24 controls the on-off of hydrogen supply through a voltage signal so as to control the working state of the supercharger 1.
The pressure controller 24 can receive the air pressure sensor signal of the dryer 32, the pressure controller 24 can set the air pressure signal limit value through programming, and the pressure controller 24 compares the air pressure signal with the limit value to further control the on-off of the electromagnetic valve 11.
The supercharger 1 is a core component of the whole system, and can be supercharged by using high-pressure hydrogen, and after being supercharged by using clean air, the supercharged clean air is guided into the braking air-taking system 3. The working state of the supercharger 1 is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 11, namely the electromagnetic valve 11 is communicated, high-pressure hydrogen enters the supercharger 1, and air entering the supercharger 1 through the air filter 13 is pressurized; the electromagnetic valve 11 is broken, high-pressure hydrogen cannot enter the supercharger 1, and air cannot be supercharged. The supercharger 1 can define, by its internal structure, the maximum pressure of the derived air. In the hydrogen decompression process, the piston plate group of the supercharger 1 is pushed by high-pressure hydrogen to compress the spring 18 of the piston plate group rod, the position of the piston plate group exceeds the gas inlet (namely a hydrogen outlet) of the hydrogen buffer tank 5, the high-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen buffer tank 5, the hydrogen pressure of the decompression cavity 110 is reduced, the piston plate group is pushed back by the spring 18, the volume of the decompression cavity 110 is reduced, the volume of the pressurization cavity 14 is increased, and pure and dry air filtered by the air filter enters the pressurization cavity 14. Frequent reciprocation can realize air intake and pressurization of the brake system.
The air filter 13 can filter the passing air, so that the air entering the supercharger 1 is clean, and impurities damaging the supercharger 1 cannot exist.
The braking gas taking system 3 comprises a condenser 31, a dryer 32, an air storage cylinder 34 and the like, is a source of gas for braking of a passenger car, and plays a vital role in the safety of the whole car.
The dryer 32 is an air filtering component in the brake air intake system 3, and is used for removing moisture in the system, ensuring the drying of the pressurized air in the air storage cylinder 34 and ensuring the safety and reliability of the brake system.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2 includes a hydrogen cylinder 21, the hydrogen cylinder 21 supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell engine 25 after being depressurized by the primary pressure reducing valve 22 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 23, an air supply pipe between the hydrogen cylinder 21 and the primary pressure reducing valve 22 can be communicated with the pressure reducing chamber 110 to form a high-pressure air supply end, and an air supply pipe between the primary pressure reducing valve 22 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 23 can be communicated with a hydrogen outlet to form a low-pressure air return end. The hydrogen outlet is connected with an air return pipe, and the middle part of the air return pipe is provided with a hydrogen buffer tank 5. The brake air intake system 3 comprises a condenser 31 communicated with the pressurization cavity 14 through an air outlet pipe 15, the condenser 31 is communicated with a dryer 32, and the dryer 32 is communicated with an air storage cylinder 34.
Example 3
In the present embodiment, a method for increasing the pressure of a brake gas intake for a hydrogen-fueled vehicle is provided, which uses the system for increasing the pressure of a brake gas intake for a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, and includes the steps of:
the electromagnetic valve 11 is opened, the high-pressure hydrogen is filled into the decompression cavity 110, and the pressurization cavity 14 is filled with air with normal pressure; the high-pressure hydrogen pushes the piston plate group to move towards the pressurizing cavity 14; before the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the decompression chamber 110, the electromagnetic valve 11 is closed; the atmospheric air in the pressurizing chamber 14 is compressed;
when the piston plate group moves to the extreme position towards the pressurizing cavity 14, the hydrogen gas decompressed in the decompression cavity 110 is discharged into the low-pressure gas return end of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system 2 through the hydrogen gas outlet; after the air in the pressurization cavity 14 is pressurized to a set value, the air is discharged into the braking air-taking system 3;
the spring 18 drives the piston plate group to move towards the decompression chamber 110 to the extreme position, and the pressurization chamber 14 is refilled with low-pressure air; the electromagnetic valve 11 is opened to refill the decompression chamber 110 with high-pressure hydrogen.
The hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen outlet is discharged from the hydrogen buffer tank 5, converged with the hydrogen discharged from the primary pressure reducing valve 22, and subjected to secondary pressure reduction by the secondary pressure reducing valve 23.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.