CN112341726A

CN112341726A - Acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and preparation and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112341726A
Application number: CN202011198602.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨正龙; 钟瑞; 姚武
Original assignee: Tongji University
Current assignee: Tongji University
Priority date: 2020-10-31
Filing date: 2020-10-31
Publication date: 2021-02-09

Abstract

The invention relates to an acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC, and preparation and application thereof. Compared with the prior art, the product is wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, waterproof, moistureproof, easy to clean and good in size stability, is a high-quality and low-price product suitable for most consumer groups, saves manpower and material resources in the transportation and installation processes, can be wound into a roll and packaged for transportation on board, is directly laid on the ground during installation, is convenient and quick, can be individually designed according to the requirements of different groups, meets various aesthetic requirements of consumers, is good in elasticity and soft in touch, and has good development prospect and use space in the building material ground decoration market.

Description

Acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and preparation and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of recycling treatment of building waste polymer materials, in particular to an acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and preparation and application thereof.

Background

In the modern society, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and the requirements for interior decoration of buildings are also infinite. Traditional ground decoration materials, such as cement mortar, wood laminated boards, marble and the like, although having higher strength, are hard and brittle, wood floors are expensive, are easy to damp and burn, have poor wear resistance and are easy to scratch, the surfaces of the marble floors are smooth, the touch feeling is cool, and the marble floors are more suitable for being laid in high-grade places. Moreover, the sustainable development strategy and the environmental protection strategy of China are coming out, so that the non-renewable wood and stone materials are limited to be used as floor materials.

With the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, the generation and discharge amount of construction waste in cities is rapidly increasing. People enjoy urban civilization and suffer from the trouble caused by urban garbage, wherein the construction garbage accounts for a considerable proportion, which accounts for about 30% -40% of the total amount of the garbage, so how to treat and utilize more and more construction garbage becomes an important subject faced by all levels of government departments and construction garbage disposal units.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of treatment of a large amount of building waste and various defects of the traditional floor materials, and provides an acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and preparation and application thereof to meet the development requirements of the current national conditions and the floor market. The product is wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, waterproof, damp-proof, easy to clean and good in size stability, is a high-quality and low-price product suitable for most consumer groups, saves manpower and material resources in transportation and installation processes, coils the product into a roll, can be transported on a vehicle after being packaged, is directly paved on the ground during installation, and is convenient and fast. Meanwhile, the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC can be individually designed according to the requirements of different crowds, various aesthetic requirements of consumers are met, and the floor is good in elasticity and soft in touch feeling and suitable for creating a warm and comfortable indoor environment, so that the floor has a good development prospect and a good use space in the building material ground decoration market.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

preferably, the building waste PVC is a recycled PVC resin with the density of 1.4 +/-0.1 g/cm²The molding shrinkage degree is 0.1-0.5%, and the thermal deformation temperature is 70-90 ℃.

Preferably, the foaming agent is azobisisobutyronitrile, and the density at 20 ℃ is 1.1g/cm²The melting point is 102-104 ℃, the particle size is 0.5-0.6 μm, and the water content is less than 0.25%.

Preferably, the stabilizer is a methyl tin heat stabilizer, the chroma is not more than 50, the specific gravity is 1.17-1.18, and the tin content is 18-19%.

Preferably, the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate, and the density at 25 ℃ is 1.045-1.049 g/cm²The vapor pressure at 200 ℃ was 1.58kPa, and the flash point was 171 ℃.

The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC, which comprises the following steps:

s1: according to the proportion, the measured building waste PVC, the foaming agent, the stabilizer, the plasticizer and the wood dust are sequentially added into a heated high-speed mixer according to the sequence of solid and liquid, the raw materials are uniformly mixed by stirring, and the liquid raw materials are completely absorbed by the solid to obtain uniformly stirred raw materials;

s2: conveying the raw materials uniformly stirred in the step S1 to a cold mixer, cooling, continuously stirring to cool the raw materials, and loosening to obtain a cooled mixed material;

s3: conveying the cooled mixture obtained in the step S2 to an extruder for mixing and plasticizing to obtain a uniformly mixed mixture;

s4: performing metal detection on the uniformly mixed mixture obtained in the step S3, and removing metal impurities to obtain a mixture from which the metal impurities are removed;

s5: sending the mixture obtained in the step S4 and excluding the metal impurities to a calender for further plasticizing, and then rolling and forming to obtain a primary sample;

s6: cutting and segmenting the primary sample obtained in the step S5, peeling, respectively placing the primary sample into engraved copper rollers with designed patterns according to different design and color requirements, heating and rolling to obtain a sample with a printed pattern, drying the sample with the printed pattern, cooling to room temperature, and winding into a coil to obtain a PVC wood-plastic plate semi-finished product with the pattern;

s7: and (5) placing the PVC wood-plastic board semi-finished product with the pattern obtained in the step (S6) into a foaming furnace for foaming, then cooling at room temperature, cutting edges and cutting after stable forming to obtain the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC, and uniformly recovering and treating cut leftover materials.

Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of the high-speed mixer is 140-160 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-20 min; in step S2, the temperature is reduced to 40-50 ℃.

Preferably, in step S3, the screw rotation speed of the extruder is 20-30 r/min, and the screw temperature is 160 ℃.

Preferably, in step S4, a metal detector is used to detect metal, and the operating frequency of the metal detector is 80 to 800 Hz.

Preferably, in step S5, the thickness of the preliminary sample is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the width is 3.5-4.5 m.

Preferably, in step S6, the heating and rolling time is 15-25S, and the pressure is 2.5-3.5 kg/cm²The temperature was 230 ℃.

Preferably, in step S6, the drying is performed in a constant temperature oven at 20-140 ℃.

Preferably, in step S7,the temperature of the foaming furnace is 150-180 ℃, and the foaming density is 0.10-0.25 g/cm³And the stable forming time is 30-50 h.

Preferably, the processing size of the high-speed mixer, the extruder, the metal detector and the calender is 2.5-5.5 m.

The third aspect of the invention provides application of the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC, which is applied to various public and private buildings for decoration including indoor floor laying and decoration.

Preferably, the application method is as follows: in the process of building decoration in public places such as sports grounds, garages, workshops and the like, the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste PVC of the building is used for replacing traditional floor materials such as marble, wood, lime mortar and the like to carry out ground decoration processing, the installation and construction modes are simple and quick, and manpower and financial resources are saved. Preferably, the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste PVC of the building is installed in the same way as the traditional floor material except that a green environment-friendly adhesive is used for splicing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste PVC of the building has the following advantages:

(1) the acid-resistant alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC is prepared by processing a high polymer material polyvinyl chloride serving as a raw material, wherein the raw material is derived from building waste, and has the advantages of low cost, wide source, simple treatment method and easiness in operation. Wood chips and wood which are both building wastes are added in the manufacturing process, the mechanical property of PVC is improved, and the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC is obtained. Compared with the traditional flooring such as marble, wood, cement mortar and the like, the floor has unique advantages and more excellent performance. Wooden floor can wet in the chance of meeting water, and receives the worm easily and be destroyed, and marble floor is ice-cold smooth, and the sense of touch is not good, and based on building abandonment PVC's acid and alkali-resistant wood-Plastic soft, elasticity are good, and the sense of touch is comfortable, can provide good use experience for the consumer. The PVC material has quite good use effect as a novel floor material because of acid and alkali resistance, fire prevention, moisture prevention, wear resistance and skid resistance.

(2) The acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste PVC of the building does not contain harmful substances such as formaldehyde, benzene and the like, actively responds to the development strategy of ecological environment protection, does not have radiation, and can ensure the use safety of consumers, so the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor is a green and environment-friendly decoration material and can be paved on the ground of outdoor playgrounds, garages and workshop factories.

(3) The acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC disclosed by the invention is extremely suitable for the aesthetic requirements of consumers, can be used for carrying out spray painting, doodling and printing on a plate according to different use environments and different applicable people, and can also be designed and customized according to a drawing provided by a consumer, so that the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC is personalized, and is attractive and elegant in appearance, strong in practicability and bright in color.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a production flow chart of acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on waste PVC of building in example 1 of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a performance test of acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor made of waste PVC of the building in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1

An acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on building waste PVC comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

wherein:

the waste PVC of the building is recycled PVC resin with the density of about 1.4g/cm²The molding shrinkage is 0.2 percent and the thermal deformation temperature is 80 ℃.

The foaming agent is azobisisobutyronitrile, and the density at 20 ℃ is 1.1g/cm²The melting point is 103 ℃, the particle size is 0.55 μm, and the water content is less than 0.25%.

The stabilizer is a methyl tin heat stabilizer, the chroma is not more than 50, the specific gravity is 1.17, and the tin content is 18%.

The plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate, and the density at 25 deg.C is 1.045g/cm²The vapor pressure at 200 ℃ was 1.58kPa, and the flash point was 171 ℃.

The wood chips are wood chips and wood materials of construction wastes.

The preparation method of the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC comprises the following steps (see figure 1):

(1) and sequentially adding the weighed PVC raw material, foaming agent, stabilizer, plasticizer and wood dust into a high-speed mixer at 150 ℃ according to the sequence of solid firstly and liquid secondly, and mixing for 15min to uniformly mix the raw material and the auxiliary agent, wherein the liquid auxiliary agent is completely absorbed by the solid.

(2) And (2) conveying the raw materials and the auxiliary agents which are uniformly stirred in the step (1) into a cold mixer, cooling to 45 ℃, and continuously stirring to cool and loosen the mixed raw materials.

(3) And (3) conveying the mixture cooled in the step (2) to an extruder, mixing and plasticizing, wherein the rotating speed of a screw is 25r/min, and the temperature of the screw is 160 ℃.

(4) And (4) sending the uniformly mixed and plasticized mixture obtained in the step (3) to a metal detector for detection, wherein the working frequency is 500Hz, and discharging metal impurities out of the production line.

(5) And (4) conveying the PVC mixture from which the metal impurities are removed in the step (4) to a 5m calender for further plasticizing, and then rolling and molding the melted and mixed material, wherein the thickness is 0.25mm, and the width is 4 m.

(6) Stripping the sample cut and segmented in the step (5), respectively placing the sample in engraved copper rollers with designed patterns according to different design and color requirements, rolling for 20s, and pressing at 3kg/cm²And rolling at the temperature of 230 ℃, then sending the pattern-printed sample into a constant-temperature oven at the temperature of 130 ℃, drying, taking out, cooling to room temperature, and winding into a coil to obtain the PVC wood-plastic board semi-finished product with the pattern.

(7) Placing the plate semi-finished product cooled to the room temperature in the step (6) into a foaming furnace at 165 ℃ for foaming, wherein the foaming density is about 0.15g/cm³And then cooling the plate at room temperature, stably forming for 30h, trimming and cutting, segmenting every 3m, uniformly recovering and treating leftover materials, winding and packaging the cut acid-resistant alkali-resistant PVC plate, and selling the plate on the market.

The performance test of the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste PVC of the building manufactured by the embodiment is shown in figure 2. The thermal conductivity was 0.064W/(mK). The antibacterial effect is good, the combustion performance reaches B1 level, heavy metal elements, formaldehyde, toluene and xylene are not detected, the transverse tensile strength is 23MPa, and the longitudinal tensile strength is 27 MPa.

Example 2

Compared with the example 1, the stirring and mixing time of the PVC raw material, the foaming agent, the stabilizing agent, the plasticizer and other auxiliary agents in the step (1) in a high-speed mixer is changed into 10min, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 3

Compared with the example 1, the stirring and mixing time of the PVC raw material, the foaming agent, the stabilizing agent, the plasticizer and other auxiliary agents in the step (1) in a high-speed mixer is changed to 20min, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 4

Compared with the example 1, the cold mixing temperature in the step (2) is reduced from 45 ℃ to 40 ℃, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 5

Compared with the example 1, the cold mixing temperature in the step (2) is increased from 45 ℃ to 50 ℃, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 6

Compared with the embodiment 1, the screw rotating speed 25r/min in the step (3) is reduced to 20r/min, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 7

Compared with the example 1, the screw rotating speed 25r/min in the step (3) is increased to 30r/min, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 8

The screw temperature in step (3) was set at 140 ℃ compared to example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 9

The screw temperature in step (3) was set at 180 ℃ compared to example 1, and the other conditions were kept unchanged.

Example 10

Compared with the embodiment 1, the frequency of the metal detector in the step (4) is increased from 500Hz to 800Hz, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 11

Compared with the example 1, the frequency of the metal detector in the step (4) is reduced from 500 to 80Hz, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 12

Compared with the embodiment 1, the thickness of the material rolled and formed in the step (5) is increased from 0.25mm to 0.3mm, the width is increased to 4.5m, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 13

Compared with the example 1, the thickness of the material rolled and formed in the step (5) is reduced from 0.25mm to 0.2mm, the width is reduced to 3.5m, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 14

Compared with the example 1, the rolling time in the step (6) is increased from 20s to 25s, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 15

Compared with the example 1, the rolling time in the step (6) is reduced from 20s to 15s, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 16

Comparing with example 1, the roller pressure in step (6) is from 3kg/cm²Increased to 3.5kg/cm²The other conditions remain unchanged.

Example 17

Comparing with example 1, the roller pressure in step (6) is from 3kg/cm²Reduced to 2.5kg/cm²The other conditions remain unchanged.

Example 18

Compared with the example 1, the rolling temperature in the step (6) is increased from 230 ℃ to 250 ℃, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 19

Compared with the embodiment 1, the temperature of the oven is increased from 130 ℃ to 140 ℃ when the plate is dried in the step (6), and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 20

Compared with the embodiment 1, the temperature of the oven is reduced from 130 ℃ to 120 ℃ when the plate is dried in the step (6), and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 21

Compared with the example 1, the temperature of the foaming furnace for placing the plate in the step (7) is reduced from 165 ℃ to 160 ℃, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 22

Comparing with the example 1, the foaming density of the foaming furnace in the step (7) is changed from 0.15g/cm³Increased to 0.25g/cm³The other conditions remain unchanged.

Example 23

Comparing with the example 1, the foaming density of the foaming furnace in the step (7) is changed from 0.15g/cm³Reduced to 0.10g/cm³The other conditions remain unchanged.

Example 24

Compared with the example 1, the time for stable molding at room temperature in the step (7) is increased from 30h to 40h, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 25

Compared with the example 1, the time for stable molding at room temperature in the step (7) is increased from 30h to 50h, and other conditions are kept unchanged.

Example 26

Compared with the embodiment 1, the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste building PVC comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

example 27

the product of the invention is wear-resistant, scratch-resistant, waterproof, moisture-proof, easy to clean, good in dimensional stability, and is a cheap and fine product suitable for most consumers, saves manpower and material resources in the transportation and installation processes, can be wound into a roll, can be transported on a vehicle after being packaged, is directly laid on the ground during installation, and is convenient and fast. Meanwhile, the acid-resistant and alkali-resistant wood-plastic floor based on the building waste PVC can be individually designed according to the requirements of different crowds, various aesthetic requirements of consumers are met, and the floor is good in elasticity and soft in touch feeling and suitable for creating a warm and comfortable indoor environment, so that the floor has a good development prospect and a good use space in the building material ground decoration market.

The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. The acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the waste PVC of the building is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2. the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on construction waste PVC according to claim 1, wherein the construction waste PVC is a recycled PVC resin with a density of 1.4 + 0.1g/cm²The molding shrinkage degree is 0.1-0.5%, and the thermal deformation temperature is 70-90 ℃.

3. Acid and acid resistance based on architectural waste PVC as claimed in claim 1The alkali wood-plastic floor is characterized in that the foaming agent is azodiisobutyronitrile, and the density at 20 ℃ is 1.1g/cm²The melting point is 102-104 ℃, the particle size is 0.5-0.6 μm, and the water content is less than 0.25%.

4. The acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on construction waste PVC according to claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is methyl tin heat stabilizer, the color is not more than 50, the specific gravity is 1.17-1.18, and the tin content is 18-19%.

5. The acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on construction waste PVC of claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is dibutyl phthalate, and the density at 25 ℃ is 1.045-1.049 g/cm²The vapor pressure at 200 ℃ was 1.58kPa, and the flash point was 171 ℃.

6. The method for preparing acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on construction waste PVC according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:

7. The method for preparing acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on construction waste PVC according to claim 6, wherein in step S1, the temperature of the high speed mixer is 140-160 ℃, and the stirring time is 10-20 min; in step S2, the temperature is reduced to 40-50 ℃.

8. The method for preparing acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic flooring based on construction waste PVC according to claim 6, characterized by comprising any one or more of the following conditions:

(i) in the step S3, the rotating speed of a screw of the extruder is 20-30 r/min, and the temperature of the screw is 160 ℃;

(ii) in the step S4, a metal detector is used for metal detection, and the working frequency of the metal detector is 80-800 Hz;

(iii) in the step S5, the thickness of the primary sample is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the width is 3.5-4.5 m;

(iv) in step S6, the time of heating and rolling is 15-25S, and the pressure is 2.5-3.5 kg/cm²At a temperature of 230 ℃;

(v) in the step S6, drying is carried out in a constant-temperature oven at the temperature of 20-140 ℃;

(vi) in step S7, the temperature of the foaming furnace is 150-180 ℃, and the foaming density is 0.10-0.25 g/cm³And the stable forming time is 30-50 h.

9. The method for preparing acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic flooring based on construction waste PVC according to claim 8, wherein the processing size of the high speed mixer, the extruder, the metal detector and the calender is 2.5-5.5 m.

10. The application of the acid and alkali resistant wood-plastic floor based on the construction waste PVC as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is applied to various public and private buildings for decoration including indoor floor laying and decoration.