CN112337031A

CN112337031A - Decontamination agent for rapid emergency treatment of organic strong acid hazardous chemical leakage accident site and application equipment thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112337031A
Application number: CN202011142522.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢林刚; 侯毅; 王会娅
Original assignee: China People's Police University
Current assignee: China People's Police University
Priority date: 2020-10-22
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2021-02-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a decontamination agent for rapidly and emergently treating an organic strong acid hazardous chemical leakage accident site and application equipment thereof, wherein a formula takes 100 as an example and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of trifluoroacetic acid, 15 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 4 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 6 parts of glycerol stearate, 7 parts of azodicarbonamide, 5 parts of stearic acid monoglyceride, 1.5 parts of dimethyl octadecyl, 0.5 part of ammonium chloride, 1 part of cetyl alcohol, 2.5 parts of methyl glucoside sesquistearate, 2.5 parts of alkyl glycoside, 4.7 parts of cypress, 6.5 parts of palm oil softener, 4 parts of sodium citrate, 2.5 parts of lauryl oleate, 2.3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium cocoyl amphopropionate, 1.5 parts of fatty acid sodium salt, 2.3 parts of ammonium acetate, 4.5 parts of ethoxylated octanol, 3 parts of coco oil sugar ester, 3 parts of cocoyl diethanolamine, 5.5 parts of fatty polyvinyl ether, 34 parts of C12 sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate solution, 2.5 parts of anhydrous sodium acetate, 11.5 parts of ethylene glycol and 7.5 parts of triethanolamine, and the balance of deionized water.

Description

Decontamination agent for rapid emergency treatment of organic strong acid hazardous chemical leakage accident site and application equipment thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident sites, in particular to a decontamination agent for an organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident site and application equipment thereof.

Background

The dangerous chemical leakage accident refers to the accident of serious consequences such as personal casualties, environmental pollution and the like caused by the leakage of dangerous chemicals due to uncontrollable factors such as design defects, illegal operations or equipment faults and the like when the dangerous chemicals are produced, stored, transported and used, the strong acid dangerous chemical leakage accident often occurs, particularly the inorganic strong acid leakage accident, a large amount of acid steam can be generated due to the volatilization of the strong acid after the leakage of the strong acid, the generated acid steam can drift to nearby areas along with air flow, people around the accident site can hurt the harmful acid steam after contacting with a respiratory system, skin mucous membranes and the like under the situation that the air flow to the ground, the acid flowing to the ground can corrode the ground and buildings, roads and traffic tools around the accident and can possibly react with other substances, the danger of combustion and explosion exists, if the treatment is not timely, the leaked substances can also permeate underground to cause continuous harm to soil and underground water, and can flow to surrounding water areas to influence the safety of drinking water of residents and influence the ecological system in water, so that the development of the high-efficiency environment-friendly decontamination agent for the strong acid hazardous chemicals is very significant, and in terms of the existing acid decontamination accident disposal technology, the problems of low treatment speed and incomplete treatment exist, and the decontamination products are not environment-friendly enough and can cause secondary harm. Although existing products exist abroad, the price is high and is prohibitive, so that the development of the high-efficiency environment-friendly decontamination agent for the hazardous chemical substances of strong acids is a very urgent matter.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a decontamination agent for rapidly and emergently treating an organic strong acid hazardous chemical leakage accident site and application equipment thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the decontamination agent for the organic strong acid hazardous chemical leakage accident site is characterized in that: the formula takes 100 as an example and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of trifluoroacetic acid, 15 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 4 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 6 parts of glycerol stearate, 7 parts of azodicarbonamide, 5 parts of stearic acid monoglyceride, 1.5 parts of dimethyl octadecyl, 0.5 part of ammonium chloride, 1 part of cetyl alcohol, 2.5 parts of methyl glucoside sesquistearate, 2.5 parts of alkyl glycoside, 4.7 parts of cypress, 6.5 parts of palm oil softener, 4 parts of sodium citrate, 2.5 parts of lauryl oleate, 2.3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium cocoyl amphopropionate, 1.5 parts of fatty acid sodium salt, 2.3 parts of ammonium acetate, 4.5 parts of ethoxylated octanol, 3 parts of coco oil sugar ester, 3 parts of cocoyl diethanolamine, 5.5 parts of fatty polyvinyl ether, 34 parts of C12 sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate solution, 2.5 parts of anhydrous sodium acetate, 11.5 parts of ethylene glycol, 7.5 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of sodium polystyrene latex and 1.5 parts of sodium citrate; the remainder was deionized water.

Preferably, the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight, taking 100 as an example: 3.5 parts of artesunate, 6.5 parts of sulfur, 4.5 parts of orange oil, 2.5 parts of wormwood extracting solution, 2.5 parts of sodium lauroyl glutamate, 5 parts of lysozyme, 13 parts of aloe powder, 3.5 parts of ambergris ketone, 2 parts of vanillin, 2.5 parts of gardenia essential oil, 0.5 part of decaldehyde, 0.3 part of methyl nonane acetaldehyde, 0.01 part of nonaldehyde, 0.5 part of pineapple ester, 1.5 parts of jasmal, 0.8 part of artemisia oil, 2 parts of benzyl acetate, 6.5 parts of benzyl salicylate, 5 parts of citronellol, 4.5 parts of muskiness, 2.5 parts of geraniol, 0.5 part of geranyl acetate, 8 parts of methylhexyl cinnamaldehyde, 1.5 parts of isobornyl acetate, 2.5 parts of vanillin, 8 parts of linalool, 8 parts of linalyl acetate, 1 part of methyl ionone, 7 parts of sweet orange oil, 3 parts of phenylethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of levulinol and 23.5 parts of deionized water.

Preferably, the additive is added into the formula according to the proportion of 1-5 percent.

Preferably, the preparation method of the formula comprises the following steps: preparing the components in parts by weight respectively, and putting all the components into deionized water to be stirred and mixed for 5 hours to obtain the washing liquid.

Preferably, the preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps: preparing the components in parts by weight respectively, and putting all the components into deionized water to be stirred and mixed for 3.5 hours to obtain the washing liquid.

Organic strong acid danger article leak on-the-spot quick emergency treatment's of accident application equipment that washes agent that disappears, including driving system (1), transmission system (2), storage system (3), injection system (4), moving system (5) and automobile body (6) are constituteed, its characterized in that: power system (1) includes engine (11) and storage battery (12), the middle part at automobile body (6) front inner chamber is installed in engine (11), the right side at engine (11) is installed in storage battery (12).

Preferably, the transmission system (2) comprises a speed reducer (21) and a coupler (22), the speed reducer (21) is installed in the middle of an inner cavity of the vehicle body (6), and the right side of the coupler (22) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer (21).

Preferably, the material storage system (3) comprises a feeding port (31) and a material box (32), the bottom of the feeding port (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the car body (6), the top of the material box (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the inner cavity of the car body (6), the bottom of the feeding port (31) penetrates through the top of the car body (6) and extends to the inner cavity of the car body (6), and the bottom of the feeding port (31) is fixedly connected with the top of the material box (32).

Preferably, the injection system (4) comprises a high-pressure fan (41), a feeder (42) and a fire hose (43), wherein the high-pressure fan (41) is installed at the top of an inner cavity in the middle of the vehicle body (6), the top of the feeder (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bin (32), and the front surface of the fire hose (43) is connected to the back surface of the vehicle body (6) in a penetrating mode.

Preferably, the movement system (5) comprises a carriage (51) and wheels (52), the carriage (51) is formed by closing four walls of the vehicle body (6), and the tops of the wheels (52) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body (6).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the gel can be divided into chemical gel (mainly covalent bonds) and physical gel (hydrogen bonds, coulomb force, coordination bonds, physical entanglement and the like), chemical crosslinking is formed by taking the covalent bonds as acting force, and the covalent bonds are firm, so that the chemical gel only swells but does not dissolve. Most natural gels are formed by virtue of hydrogen bonding of polymer segments to each other. The gel is broken by heating or the like to be converted into a sol. Coulombic cross-linking is due to the formation of ionic complexes, and such gels are susceptible to pH or ionic strength interference. The coordination bond crosslinking is formed by the mutual crosslinking of polar groups and coordination compounds on the macromolecules, the macromolecules are mutually wound to form the gel, and the chemical gel is more stable than the physical gel and has reversibility. Many natural macromolecules are suitable for being used as gel factors, the gel factors can be obtained in natural environment, raw materials are easy to obtain, the processing procedures are simple, the cost is low, and the gel factor is green and environment-friendly and is an ideal choice. Through the wide review of the relevant data of natural macromolecular gelling agents such as cyclodextrin, chitosan, HA, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, gelatin, starch and the like, the macromolecules have rich active hydroxyl or amino groups and have good affinity with strong polar solvents such as water, the gel mechanism of most of the gel factors is that a three-dimensional network structure is formed by crosslinking through hydrogen bonds or coordinate bonds, the gelling agent is firstly dispersed into water by heating and dissolving, then polyvalent metal ions are dripped to gelatinize the gelling agent, and the observation of the gelling phenomenon shows that the gelling effect is good after the HA in the natural macromolecular gelling agent and the polyvalent metal ions XA act.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a power system 1, an engine 11, a storage battery 12, a transmission system 2, a speed reducer 21, a coupling 22, a storage system 3, a feeding port 31, a feed box 32, a spraying system 4, a high-pressure fan 41, a feeder 42, a fire hose 43, a motion system 5, a carriage 51, wheels 52 and a vehicle body 6.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: before the experiment of the change relationship between the alkali adding amount and the pH, the relationship between the alkali adding amount and the theoretical pH is calculated, the mass fraction of trifluoroacetic acid used in the experiment is 100%, the density rho is 1.53g/ml, the molecular weight of CF3COOH is 114.02, and the amount of substances of the CF3COOH molecules in 20ml of trifluoroacetic acid is 0.2693 mol. Theoretical pH was calculated according to the formula pH-LOG 10((0.3082 a-addition of base/xx) 1000/(20+ addition of base/xx 18)). Since CF3COOH is a monobasic acid, a is 1. (Explanation: this formula assumes complete ionization of the base added to the acid and complete reaction of the acid molecules, and ignores the amount of water vapor evaporated during the reaction due to the exothermic heat of neutralization by the acid or base, and ignores the ionization of water, the amount of bound water consumed after the neutralization reaction to form salt crystals)

From the results of theoretical calculation, the pH value increases with the amount of alkali, and the pH value increases slowly before 22g, increases more rapidly when the amount of alkali is 22-25g, and increases exponentially when the amount of alkali exceeds 25 g. When the amount of base was 25.88g, the pH reached 6.33 close to 7.

The amount of the base required for neutralizing 20ml of trifluoroacetic acid was roughly determined from the results of theoretical calculation, and based on the results of theoretical calculation, it was decided to add JA to trifluoroacetic acid at an addition amount of 1g each time in an actual experiment, and to test pH.

Since the semi-solid pH meter measures in the range of pH0-14, but the pH values of strong acids are all below 0, the pH value measured values are all 0 during the first half of the experiment measurement of the relation between the alkali addition amount and the pH, when the alkali addition amount is about 6g, the pH value breaks through 0 and slowly increases, and when the pH value exceeds 2, the pH value exponentially increases. When the pH value exceeds 6, the pH value gradually and slowly rises along with the change of the alkali adding amount, and when the alkali adding amount reaches 39g, the pH value approaches 7.

The actual measured value and the theoretical calculated value are greatly different, the theoretical value is about 25.88g, the pH value is close to 7, and the actual value is about 39g, the pH value is close to 7. It can be seen that the actual value is much higher than the theoretical value. The reason may be that the formula is set under ideal conditions, without considering CF3COOH as a lewis acid. In the lewis acid-base theory, what gives a proton is a lewis base and what accepts an electron pair is a lewis acid. In the theory of Lewis acid base, water is a Lewis base because O2-in H2O has an electron pair available for binding to CF3 COOH. This causes a portion of the H2O to ionize to H +, which in turn reacts with the base, resulting in a theoretical greater than actual amount of base.

During the experiment, the change of the pH of the trifluoroacetic acid along with the alkali addition is obviously different from the change of the acids, the pH of the inorganic acid and the methanesulfonic acid is below 0 at the early stage of the experiment, the pH starts to exceed 0 and exponentially increases until the alkali addition exceeds a certain value, and the change slows down again until the pH exceeds 7. The pH of trifluoroacetic acid exceeds 0 in the initial stage with the addition of alkali, then the pH slowly increases with the addition of alkali, when the pH starts to exponentially increase at 2-6, and when the pH starts to slowly increase after exceeding 6, the phenomenon is obviously different from the common acid-base neutralization process, and the reason is probably the reason that CF3COOH is Lewis acid.

When the alkali was added to 20ml of the trifluoroacetic acid solution, neutralization reaction occurred immediately after the addition of the alkali to the trifluoroacetic acid solution, and a large amount of bubbles were generated. When the amount of the alkali is 9g, the decontaminant becomes a dough-like material, but has fluidity. However, as the amount of alkali added increases, an abnormal phenomenon occurs, and the material in the beaker begins to become thin again, so that the phenomenon of increasing the fluidity occurs. Since the pH was still less than 7, the addition of the base was continued, and when the amount of the base added was 39g, the material in the beaker became sticky again and the fluidity was lowered.

Experimental phenomenon of addition of HA to 20ml of trifluoroacetic acid. When HA was added to the trifluoroacetic acid solution, the HA directly settled to the bottom of the beaker containing the trifluoroacetic acid, and the trifluoroacetic acid solution did not become cloudy, and it can be seen from this that HA was hardly dissolved in the trifluoroacetic acid solution. When the amount of HA added was 9g, the material in the beaker began to thin and the fluidity decreased. When the amount added reaches 16g, the material in the beaker becomes viscous and the fluidity thereof decreases, and when the amount added reaches 19g, the material in the beaker becomes large granular and the fluidity thereof is substantially lost. . Then 19g of HA were weighed and added in one portion to a beaker containing 20ml of trifluoroacetic acid, and after stirring the contents of the beaker were also in the form of large particles, with unchanged pH and at a temperature equal to room temperature.

Density refers to the mass of a substance per unit volume. The powder density is defined differently from the material density that is usually referred to because of the presence of voids in the powder. To obtain the density, mass and volume are obtained first. The mass can be obtained with a balance, and the meaning of the volume of a substance in different situations varies greatly. Volume as used for loose packed density refers to the volume of particles + open and closed pore volumes on the particles + the volume of voids between particles in the natural state. Then, the bulk density of the decontamination agent can be obtained by using a formula. The bulk density of the decontaminant is determined because the decontaminant is present in a fluffy state during actual storage and use, and therefore, the bulk density is only used for calculation.

The nature of the raw material itself depends on the stirring and mixing time, and the raw material is further pulverized by the mechanical pulverization and mixing, and the longer the pulverization time, the finer the pulverization. From the viewpoint of chemical reaction, the finer the pulverization is, the larger the reaction contact area is, and the more favorable the reaction proceeds.

The product temperature of concentrated nitric acid and trifluoroacetic acid is maintained at substantially room temperature. The temperature of the concentrated sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid decontamination products is rapidly increased and then decreased to gradually reach room temperature. Wherein the most obvious exothermic phenomenon of the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid is that the temperature of the reaction product can reach about 80 ℃ at most. The temperature of the decontamination products of concentrated sulfuric acid and methanesulfonic acid is close to 60 ℃ at most.

From the experimental results, the bulk density values corresponding to the six decontaminants are very similar. Wherein the bulk density of the formula corresponding to the concentrated hydrochloric acid is the largest, and the bulk densities of the methanesulfonic acid and the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid along with the corresponding decontaminants are the smallest. This may be closely related to the formulation composition and, secondly, to the amount of each component of the formulation. The content and the number of the components of HA have larger influence on the bulk density, the more the components are, the larger the bulk density is, and the more the content of HA is, the larger the bulk density is.

The working principle is as follows: the engine 11 provides power, the high pressure fan 41 rotates, the high pressure fan 41 sucks decontamination agent in the box body at the feeder 42 due to the Bernoulli principle and blows the decontamination agent to the jet orifice in an accelerating manner, the decontamination agent is jetted by the jet gun, whether the oil is sufficient or not is checked firstly, and whether the engine can be started normally or not is checked; a spray gun is connected by feeding at a feeding port; and 4, moving the equipment to a proper combat area, turning a key clockwise by an operator to start the engine, opening a button of a cooling fan, and increasing an accelerator by the operator after the fighter is ready, and controlling the injection amount according to the field condition.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The decontamination agent for the rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical leakage accident site is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: the formula takes 100 as an example and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of trifluoroacetic acid, 15 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 4 parts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 6 parts of glycerol stearate, 7 parts of azodicarbonamide, 5 parts of stearic acid monoglyceride, 1.5 parts of dimethyl octadecyl, 0.5 part of ammonium chloride, 1 part of cetyl alcohol, 2.5 parts of methyl glucoside sesquistearate, 2.5 parts of alkyl glycoside, 4.7 parts of cypress, 6.5 parts of palm oil softener, 4 parts of sodium citrate, 2.5 parts of lauryl oleate, 2.3 parts of sodium lauryl sulfonate, 1.5 parts of sodium cocoyl amphopropionate, 1.5 parts of fatty acid sodium salt, 2.3 parts of ammonium acetate, 4.5 parts of ethoxylated octanol, 3 parts of coco oil sugar ester, 3 parts of cocoyl diethanolamine, 5.5 parts of fatty polyvinyl ether, 34 parts of C12 sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate solution, 2.5 parts of anhydrous sodium acetate, 11.5 parts of ethylene glycol, 7.5 parts of triethanolamine, 0.5 part of sodium polystyrene latex and 1.5 parts of sodium citrate; the remainder was deionized water.

2. The decontamination agent for the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident site as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the additive takes 100 as an example and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3.5 parts of artesunate, 6.5 parts of sulfur, 4.5 parts of orange oil, 2.5 parts of wormwood extracting solution, 2.5 parts of sodium lauroyl glutamate, 5 parts of lysozyme, 13 parts of aloe powder, 3.5 parts of ambergris ketone, 2 parts of vanillin, 2.5 parts of gardenia essential oil, 0.5 part of decaldehyde, 0.3 part of methyl nonane acetaldehyde, 0.01 part of nonaldehyde, 0.5 part of pineapple ester, 1.5 parts of jasmal, 0.8 part of artemisia oil, 2 parts of benzyl acetate, 6.5 parts of benzyl salicylate, 5 parts of citronellol, 4.5 parts of muskiness, 2.5 parts of geraniol, 0.5 part of geranyl acetate, 8 parts of methylhexyl cinnamaldehyde, 1.5 parts of isobornyl acetate, 2.5 parts of vanillin, 8 parts of linalool, 8 parts of linalyl acetate, 1 part of methyl ionone, 7 parts of sweet orange oil, 3 parts of phenylethyl alcohol, 1.5 parts of levulinol and 23.5 parts of deionized water.

3. The decontamination agent for the rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident site according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the additive is added into the formula according to the proportion of 1-5 percent as required.

4. The decontamination agent for the site of an accident with the leakage of organic strong acid hazardous chemical substances according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the formula comprises the following steps: preparing the components in parts by weight respectively, and putting all the components into deionized water to be stirred and mixed for 5 hours to obtain the washing liquid.

5. The decontamination agent for the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident site as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps: preparing the components in parts by weight respectively, and putting all the components into deionized water to be stirred and mixed for 3.5 hours to obtain the washing liquid.

6. The application equipment of the decontamination agent for the rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident site according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that: including driving system (1), transmission system (2), storage system (3), injection system (4), motion system (5) and automobile body (6) are constituteed, driving system (1) includes engine (11) and storage battery (12), the middle part at automobile body (6) front inner chamber is installed in engine (11), the right side at engine (11) is installed in storage battery (12).

7. The application equipment of the decontamination agent for the on-site rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident of claim 6, is characterized in that: the transmission system (2) comprises a speed reducer (21) and a coupler (22), the speed reducer (21) is installed in the middle of an inner cavity of the vehicle body (6), and the right side of the coupler (22) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the speed reducer (21).

8. The application equipment of the decontamination agent for the on-site rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident of claim 6, is characterized in that: the material storage system (3) comprises a feeding port (31) and a material box (32), the bottom of the feeding port (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the car body (6), the top of the material box (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the inner cavity of the car body (6), the bottom of the feeding port (31) penetrates through the top of the car body (6) and extends to the inner cavity of the car body (6), and the bottom of the feeding port (31) is fixedly connected with the top of the material box (32).

9. The application equipment of the decontamination agent for the on-site rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident of claim 6, is characterized in that: injection system (4) include high pressure positive blower (401), feeder (402) and fire hose (403), install the top at automobile body (6) middle part inner chamber high pressure positive blower (401), the top fixed connection of feeder (402) is in the bottom of workbin (32), the front through connection of fire hose (403) is at the back of automobile body (6).

10. The application equipment of the decontamination agent for the on-site rapid emergency treatment of the organic strong acid hazardous chemical substance leakage accident of claim 6, is characterized in that: the moving system (5) comprises a compartment (51) and wheels (52), wherein the compartment (51) is formed by closing four walls of a vehicle body (6), and the tops of the wheels (52) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the vehicle body (6).