Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a device and a method for measuring the propellant surplus of an in-orbit spacecraft storage tank.
In a first aspect, the application provides a device for measuring the propellant surplus of an in-orbit spacecraft storage tank, which comprises a top ultrasonic module, a side wall ultrasonic module, a rotating mechanism, a signal generator, a signal amplifier, an acquisition card, a multi-path selector switch and a calculating unit; the rotating mechanism is arranged at the top of the storage box, and the top ultrasonic module is arranged on the rotating mechanism; the top ultrasonic module comprises a top ultrasonic sensor; the side wall ultrasonic module is arranged on the outer wall of the storage box and comprises a plurality of groups of ultrasonic units, each group of ultrasonic units comprises a plurality of side wall ultrasonic sensors, and the top ultrasonic sensor and each side wall ultrasonic sensor are respectively arranged as a receiving-transmitting integrated ultrasonic sensor; all side wall ultrasonic sensors of each group of ultrasonic units are arranged along the axis direction of the storage tank at set intervals; each group of ultrasonic units are arranged along the circumferential direction of the storage box according to a set included angle; the multi-path change-over switch is in signal connection with the top ultrasonic module and the side wall ultrasonic module, and is in signal connection with the signal generator and the signal amplifier respectively; the signal amplifier is used for acquiring ultrasonic signals sent by the top ultrasonic module and the side wall ultrasonic module and sending the ultrasonic signals to the acquisition card, and the acquisition card is used for sending the received signals to the computing unit for computing.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the beam angle of the top ultrasonic sensor is set to be larger than 60 degrees.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the set distance range is 20cm-30 cm.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the degree of the set included angle is 45 degrees or 60 degrees.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the rotating mechanism is used for performing 360-degree circumferential rotation and 180-degree pitching rotation on the top sensing module.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, each side wall ultrasonic sensor is pasted on the outer wall of the storage box.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the top ultrasonic sensor is installed on the rotating mechanism through a screw.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the rotating mechanism is arranged at the joint of the liquid inlet pipe and the storage tank.
In a second aspect, the application provides a method for measuring the residual quantity of a propellant in a storage tank of an in-orbit spacecraft, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adjusting the rotating mechanism to make the included angle between the rotating mechanism and the liquid inlet pipe of the storage tank be thetai(0°≤θi≤360°),ti1At the moment, a pulse excitation signal is sent to the top ultrasonic sensor by the signal generator through the multi-way selector switch, the ultrasonic signal is reflected when encountering the fuel liquid level in the storage tank, the returned ultrasonic wave is received by the top ultrasonic sensor, and the returned receiving moment t is recordedi2;
(2) Calculating theta
iDistance of the top ultrasonic sensor from the liquid level of the fuel in the storage tank at the angle:
wherein c is the speed of sound of ultrasonic waves in air;
(3) and calculating the volume of the residual amount of the propellant of the storage tank as follows:
wherein V
Pot for storing foodThe total volume of the tank body of the storage tank, s is the cross section area of the storage tank, and n is the measurement times;
(4) sending a pulse excitation signal to the side wall ultrasonic sensor i by using the signal generator through the multi-way selector switch to be used as an excitation sensor, and receiving the ultrasonic signal sent by the side wall ultrasonic sensor i by using each side wall ultrasonic sensor j of other groups outside the group where the side wall ultrasonic sensor i is located as a receiving sensor to obtain a signal S
i,jAnd recording the reception time t
i,jAccording to the linear distance d between the side wall ultrasonic sensor i and the side wall ultrasonic sensor j
i,jCalculating the wave speed of the i-j channel signal:
(5) to thereby
Plotting a gray scale as pixel intensity and mapping each sidewall ultrasonic sensor i to
Superposing the gray level graphs to obtain the position and the diameter of the air bubble in the fuel with the current section;
(6) and (5) repeating the steps (4) to (5), so that all the side wall ultrasonic sensors of the side wall ultrasonic module traverse to be used as excitation sensors to obtain the positions and diameters of bubbles in all the sections, and calculating the total volume V of the bubbles in the fuel in the storage tankBubble;
(7) Calculating the real volume of the residual amount of the propellant of the storage tank: vSolid preparation=VAgent for treating cancer-VBubble。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the application provides a device and a method for measuring propellant surplus in a storage tank of an on-orbit spacecraft, wherein the position of an irregular liquid level in the storage tank is detected through a top ultrasonic module, so that the volume of propellant fuel in the storage tank is obtained through calculation, the volume and the position of bubbles in the propellant fuel in the storage tank are measured through a side wall ultrasonic module, the actual volume of the fuel in the storage tank is obtained by subtracting the volume of the bubbles from the fuel volume measured at the liquid level position, and the propellant surplus in the storage tank of the spacecraft is more accurately calculated and obtained.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the description of the present section is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present application, which includes a top ultrasonic module, a sidewall ultrasonic module, a rotating mechanism 3, a signal generator 4, a signal amplifier 5, an acquisition card 6, a multi-way switch 7 and a computing unit 8; the rotating mechanism 3 is arranged at the top of the storage box, and the top ultrasonic module is arranged on the rotating mechanism 3; the top ultrasonic module comprises a top ultrasonic sensor 1; the side wall ultrasonic module sets up on the outer wall of storage tank, and side wall ultrasonic module includes multiunit supersound unit, and every group supersound unit includes a plurality of lateral wall ultrasonic sensor 2, top ultrasonic sensor 1 all sets up to receiving and dispatching integral type ultrasonic sensor with each lateral wall ultrasonic sensor 2. Preferably, each of the side wall ultrasonic sensors 2 is adhered to the outer wall of the tank by 914 adhesive.
In this embodiment, the top ultrasound module is used to measure the position of each collection point in the irregular surface of the liquid level in the tank, and the sidewall ultrasound module is used to detect the position and volume of the bubble 10 in the liquid in the tank.
The ultrasonic sensors 2 on the side walls of each group of ultrasonic units are arranged at set intervals along the axial direction of the storage tank; each group of ultrasonic units are arranged along the circumferential direction of the storage box according to a set included angle; the multi-path selector switch 7 is in signal connection with the top ultrasonic module and the side wall ultrasonic module, and the multi-path selector switch 7 is in signal connection with the signal generator 4 and the signal amplifier 5 respectively; the signal generator 4 is used for sending an excitation source to the top ultrasonic module and the side wall ultrasonic module, the signal amplifier 5 is used for collecting ultrasonic signals sent by the top ultrasonic module and the side wall ultrasonic module and sending the ultrasonic signals to the collecting card 6, and the collecting card 6 is used for sending the received signals to the calculating unit 8 for calculation.
In this embodiment, each sidewall ultrasonic sensor 2 is a group of ultrasonic units arranged along the axial direction of the storage tank, and two adjacent groups of ultrasonic units are arranged according to a set included angle. The multi-way switch 7 is used for switching between the signal generator 4 and the signal amplifier 5 and the top ultrasonic sensor 1 or each side wall ultrasonic sensor 2.
In a preferred embodiment, the beam angle of the top ultrasonic sensor 1 is set to be greater than 60 °, and the rotating mechanism 3 is used for performing 360 ° circumferential rotation and 180 ° pitch rotation on the top sensing module. In the preferred embodiment, the top ultrasonic sensor 1 is installed on the rotating mechanism 3 through a screw, the rotating mechanism 3 is installed at the joint of a liquid inlet pipe and a storage tank, the rotating mechanism 3 drives the top ultrasonic sensor 1 to perform 360-degree circumferential rotation and 180-degree pitching rotation, and the top ultrasonic sensor 1 is matched with the beam angle setting of the top ultrasonic sensor 1, so that the top ultrasonic sensor 1 can realize full-scanning coverage on the space in the storage tank, the volume of the residual amount of the propellant 9 in the storage tank can be accurately calculated according to the position of each acquisition point obtained by the top ultrasonic sensor 1, and the volume contains the volume of the bubbles 10, so that the residual amount of the propellant 9 in the storage tank calculated by the top ultrasonic sensor 1 is larger than the true value.
In a preferred embodiment, the set distance range is 25 cm. In the preferred embodiment, the distance between the adjacent sidewall ultrasonic sensors 2 in each group of ultrasonic units is 25cm, and in other preferred embodiments, the distance between the adjacent sidewall ultrasonic sensors 2 in each group of ultrasonic units can also be set to be 20cm, 30cm or any value within the range of 20cm-30 cm.
In a preferred embodiment, the set angle is 45 °. In the preferred embodiment, the horizontal included angle of two adjacent groups of ultrasonic units on the same horizontal plane is 45 °, and in other preferred embodiments, the set included angle degree can also be set to be 60 °.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of the present application, and the present embodiment is a method for measuring remaining capacity by using the measuring device of the first embodiment, and the method includes the following steps:
s1, adjusting the rotating mechanism to make the included angle between the rotating mechanism and the liquid inlet pipe of the storage tank be thetai(0°≤θiLess than or equal to 360 degrees, through a multi-way change-over switch ti1At any moment, a signal generator is utilized to send a pulse excitation signal to the top ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic signal is reflected when encountering the fuel liquid level in the storage tank, the top ultrasonic sensor receives the returned ultrasonic wave, and the returned receiving moment t is recordedi2。
In the step, the top ultrasonic sensor is connected with the signal generator and the signal amplifier through the multi-way selector switch, the signal generator sends a pulse excitation signal to the top ultrasonic sensor to excite a section of ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave is reflected when meeting the liquid level, and the top ultrasonic sensor receives the ultrasonic waveThe echo after the ultrasonic wave reaches the fuel liquid level is transmitted to a computing unit through a signal amplifier, and the computing unit records the echo receiving time ti2。
S2, calculating theta
iDistance of the top ultrasonic sensor from the liquid level of the fuel in the storage tank at the angle:
where c is the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves in air.
In this step, the calculation unit is based on ti1And ti2And calculating the distance from the top ultrasonic sensor to the liquid level of the storage tank at the angle.
S3, calculating the volume of the residual amount of the storage tank propellant as follows:
wherein V
Pot for storing foodIs the total volume of the tank body of the storage tank, s is the cross section area of the storage tank, and n is the measurement times.
In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism drives the top ultrasonic sensor to rotate 360 degrees in the circumferential direction and 180 degrees in the pitch direction, so that the top ultrasonic sensor can fully scan the liquid level of the storage tank, and the distance d between the top ultrasonic sensor and the liquid level is acquired at each angle
iAre accumulated by a formula
The volume of propellant remaining in the reservoir containing the volume of bubbles can be calculated.
S4, sending a pulse excitation signal to the side wall ultrasonic sensor i as an excitation sensor by using the signal generator through the multi-way selector switch, and receiving the ultrasonic signal sent by the side wall ultrasonic sensor i by using each side wall ultrasonic sensor j of other groups except the group where the side wall ultrasonic sensor i is located as a receiving sensor to obtain a signal S
i,jAnd recording the reception time t
i,jAccording to the linear distance d between the side wall ultrasonic sensor i and the side wall ultrasonic sensor j
i,jCalculating the wave speed of the i-j channel signal:
in this step, the multi-way switch connects the sidewall ultrasonic sensor i with the signal generator, so that the signal generator sends a pulse excitation signal to the sidewall ultrasonic sensor i to make the pulse excitation signal act as an excitation sensor, each sidewall ultrasonic sensor j in the other groups of ultrasonic units outside the group where the sidewall ultrasonic sensor i is located is respectively used as a receiving sensor, receives ultrasonic waves sent by the sidewall ultrasonic sensor i, and records the received signal as S
i,jAnd recording the reception time t
i,jDue to the linear distance d between the ultrasonic sensor i and the ultrasonic sensor j
i,jMust be and are known, so that the calculating unit is based on the formula
The signal transmission speed between the side wall ultrasonic sensor i and the side wall ultrasonic sensor j can be calculated.
S5, and
plotting a gray scale as pixel intensity and mapping each sidewall ultrasonic sensor i to
And overlapping the gray-scale maps to obtain the position and the diameter of the bubbles in the fuel at the current section.
S6, repeating the steps S4 to S5, enabling each side wall ultrasonic sensor of the side wall ultrasonic module to traverse to be used as an excitation sensor, obtaining the position and the diameter of the bubbles in each section, and calculating the total volume V of the bubbles in the fuel in the storage tankBubble. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of superposition when two side-wall ultrasonic sensors are respectively used as excitation sensors.
Repeating the steps S4 to S5 until all the side wall ultrasonic sensors traverse as excitation sensors and all the side wall ultrasonic sensors are used as the excitation ultrasonic sensors to obtain ci,jDrawing and superposing gray level maps to obtain the position and volume V of the air bubble in the liquid in the space rangeBubble。
S7, calculating the actual volume of the residual amount of the storage tank propellant: vSolid preparation=VAgent for treating cancer-VBubble。
The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present application. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments, or may be learned by practice of the invention.