CN112302554A

CN112302554A - Downhole clamping device and tubular column

Info

Publication number: CN112302554A
Application number: CN201910688122.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚广聚; 李莉; 李玲; 胡丹; 陈映奇; 曾兴平; 罗林杰; 黄万书
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Southwest Oil and Gas Co
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Southwest Oil and Gas Co
Priority date: 2019-07-29
Filing date: 2019-07-29
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-29
Also published as: CN112302554B

Abstract

The invention provides an underground clamping device and a tubular column, wherein the underground clamping device comprises an upper joint, a central rod arranged at the lower end of the upper joint, a first clamping hanging piece sleeved on the outer wall of the lower end of the central rod and an elastic component arranged between the upper joint and the central rod, and the first clamping hanging piece and a second clamping hanging piece of the underground clamping device are clamped and matched, so that the problem that the conventional clamping device in the prior art damages an oil pipe can be effectively avoided.

Description

Downhole clamping device and tubular column

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well construction, in particular to an underground clamping device and a tubular column.

Background

The plunger gas lift process is a common drainage gas recovery process, and is widely favored by the industry because of its pure physical operation mode without external energy. The underground clamping device is used as an underground tool necessary for the plunger gas lift, and plays the roles of limiting the falling depth of the plunger and buffering the falling speed of the plunger.

At present, in the prior art, the locking device usually adopts an anchoring structure similar to a hydraulic anchor to act on the wall surface of the oil pipe so as to achieve the locking effect. However, the oil pipe is damaged to a certain extent by the method, and especially when the oil pipe is made of the nickel-based alloy pipe, the damage is more serious because the oil pipe is made of a softer material.

Therefore, the downhole clamping device needs to be invented to ensure the safety of the oil pipe.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a downhole locking device and a tubular column, aiming at part or all of the technical problems in the prior art. The downhole clamping device can be matched with a second clamping and hanging piece of a tubular column which is put in advance, so that the tubular column is set at a preset position; simultaneously, this in pit clamping device's first card pendant and second card pendant joint cooperation can effectively avoid among the prior art conventional card fixer to damage the problem of oil pipe.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a downhole locking device comprising:

an upper joint is arranged on the upper end of the connecting rod,

a center rod disposed at a lower end of the upper joint,

a first clamping and hanging piece sleeved on the outer wall of the lower end of the central rod,

an elastic assembly disposed between the upper sub and the center rod.

In one embodiment, the elastic assembly includes:

a first and a second limiting groove member with the open ends sleeved with each other,

a resilient member disposed in an interior cavity formed by the first and second defining channel members,

an axial limiting mechanism arranged between the first limiting groove member and the second limiting groove member for limiting the axial displacement of the first limiting groove member and the second limiting groove member

Wherein the first limiting groove member is fixedly connected with the central rod, and the second limiting groove member is connected with the upper joint.

In one embodiment, the axial stop mechanism has a first radially inwardly extending stop ring disposed on an inner wall of the first channel defining member and a second stop ring disposed on an outer wall of the second channel defining member and adapted to snap fit with the first stop ring.

In one embodiment, the first snap hook includes a first snap hook body, circumferentially spaced resilient fingers extending axially upward from the first snap hook body, and a first snap portion disposed on an outer peripheral wall of the resilient fingers.

In one embodiment, an upwardly facing first ramp is provided between upper and lower end surfaces of the resilient fingers and the outer wall surface.

In one embodiment, the upper end of the center rod is in clearance fit with the elastic claw, and the lower end of the center rod is connected with the first clamping hanging piece body through a first shearing pin.

In one embodiment, the center rod is cylindrical, and a flow guide hole communicating with the inner cavity of the elastic claw is formed in the outer wall of the center rod.

In one embodiment, a ratchet ring is embedded on the inner wall of the first fastener body.

In one embodiment, the center rod is connected to the elastic member by a guide slope.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tubular string comprising a second hanger, which may be one or more, and at least one of which is capable of cooperating with the first hanger of the downhole latching device.

Compared with the prior art, the underground clamping device has the advantages that the first clamping hanging piece is correspondingly matched with the second clamping hanging piece of the tubular column which is put in advance one by one, so that the underground clamping device is arranged at a preset position, and the function is reliable. Simultaneously, this in pit clamping device's first card pendant and second card pendant joint cooperation can effectively avoid among the prior art conventional card ware to damage the problem of oil pipe, improve the construction security. In addition, the underground clamping device is put in after, and the construction of the preorder oil and gas well is not influenced.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a downhole engagement device in a run in condition diagram according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a downhole engagement device engaged in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

figure 3 shows a state diagram of a downhole wireline assembly fishing rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a state diagram of a downhole latching device fishing a first bail member in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

in the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the downhole latching device 100 according to the present invention includes an upper contact 1, a center rod 2, a first latch 4, and an elastic member 3. Wherein, the upper joint 1 plays the role of connection and salvage. The center rod 2 is arranged at the lower end of the upper joint 1 and is used for supporting. The first hooking member 4 is fitted around the lower end of the central rod 2 and is adapted to cooperate with a second hooking member 200 of a pipe string (only the second hooking member 200 of the pipe string is shown in fig. 2), so as to allow hooking and to define the position of the downhole hooking device 100. The elastic component 3 is arranged between the upper joint 1 and the central rod 2 and is used for playing a role of buffering when the plunger is thrown in.

The invention also relates to a pipe string. As shown in fig. 1, the pipe string includes a second hanger 200. The second hooking member 200 has a cylindrical structure, and a second hooking portion 201 is formed on an inner wall thereof. During construction, the second hanger 200 is first lowered into the wellbore following the pipe string. One or more second clamping hangers 200 can be arranged on the pipe string according to construction requirements, so that a tool such as the downhole clamping device 100 can be put into the pipe string to realize clamping fit with the second clamping hangers 200 in the process of producing oil gas. This also ensures that different tools are run at different times to match the second catch 200 at the appropriate location downhole, or that multiple different tools are run at the same time to match the second catch 200 at different locations.

In the construction process, the second tubular hanger 200 is set on the pipe string and is first lowered into the wellbore along with the pipe string. When construction such as drainage and gas production in the pit is required, the downhole locking device 100 is fed into the shaft. This way the downhole latching device 100 does not affect other gas well operations. Since the downhole locking device 100 is lowered later and the inner diameter thereof is the same as the inner diameter of the tubing connected thereto, the full drift diameter of the tubing string is not affected. In addition, because the downhole clamping device 100 is connected with the second clamping hanger 200 through clamping hanging, the connection stability is guaranteed, the problem that the conventional clamping device damages an oil pipe in the prior art can be effectively avoided, and the construction safety is guaranteed. Furthermore, the above-described manner of engaging the downhole locking device 100 allows the downhole locking device 100 to be lowered into a deeper wellbore without being limited by the wire work capacity, and thus breaking through the restriction of the deviation from the well.

In one embodiment, the first clip member 4 includes a first clip member body 41, an elastic claw 42, and a first clip portion 43. The first clip hanging piece body 41 is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower end of the central rod 2. The elastic claw 42 extends axially upward from the first catch member body 41. A plurality of elastic claws 42 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction. The first catching portion 43 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the elastic claw 42 and is configured as a radially protruding boss. Preferably, in order to increase the hooking stability, a plurality of, for example, two first hooking portions 43 are provided at intervals in the axial direction. Correspondingly, the second hooking portion 201 is configured as a groove for mating with the first hooking portion 43. In the process of descending the downhole locking device 100, the first locking portion 43 is stressed to radially contract the elastic claw 42, so as to ensure that the downhole locking device 100 is smoothly descended. When the first hooking part 43 reaches the position of the second hooking part 201, under the action of the elastic force of the first hooking part 43, the elastic claw 42 radially expands, so that the first hooking part 43 enters the second hooking part 201 and completes hooking to fix the downhole hooking device 100. The clamping hook is simple in structure and very easy to realize. In addition, due to the above structural features, the unique correspondence of the snap fit of the first snap fastener 4 and the second snap fastener 200 can be realized by changing the number, position, size, and other structures of the first snap fastener 43 and the corresponding second snap fastener 201. A plurality of second hangers 200 having second hangers 201 of different settings may be lowered into the wellbore, and the downhole latching device 100 may be lowered to match the second hangers 200 in place during later construction.

In one embodiment, the elastic assembly 3 includes a first defining groove member 31, a second defining groove member 32, an elastic member 33, and an axial stopper mechanism. Wherein the bottom wall of the first defining channel member 31 is fixedly connected to the central rod 2, and the open end channel wall extends upwardly. The bottom wall of the second defining channel member 32 is fixedly connected to the upper fitting 1. Meanwhile, the open end of the second defining channel member 32 extends downward to be nested with the first defining channel member 31. The elastic member 33 is disposed in an inner cavity formed by the first defining groove member 31 and the second defining groove member 32. An axial stop mechanism is provided between the first 31 and second 32 defining channel members for limiting axial displacement therebetween. For example, the axial stop mechanism has a first stop collar 35 and a second stop collar 36 snap-fit to the first stop collar 35. A first stop collar 35 is provided on the inner wall of the first defining channel member 31 and extends radially inwardly. And a second stop collar 36 is disposed on the outer wall of the second defining slot member 32 and extends radially outwardly. Preferably, the elastic member 33 is a spring. During the plunger throwing process, the upper joint 1 is forced to descend and drives the second limiting groove member 32 to descend relative to the first limiting groove member 31, and the spring is compressed and deformed to play a role of buffering. In the process that the downhole clamping device 100 goes down, the first limiting ring 35 is in clamping fit with the second limiting ring 36, and the second limiting groove piece 32 pulls the first limiting groove piece 31, so that the downhole clamping device 100 is ensured to go into smoothly. During fishing, the second defining groove member 32 pulls the first defining groove member 31 upward along with the upper joint 1. The structure is simple, the spring can be arranged in the inner cavity formed by the first limiting groove piece 31 and the second limiting groove piece 32, so that the influence of sundries accumulated on the spring on the use performance is avoided, and the excellent buffering performance is ensured. It should be noted that the second limiting groove member 32 and the upper joint 1 may be integrally formed, and the bottom wall surface thereof may be a lower end surface of the upper joint 1, so as to simplify the structure.

The upper part of the central rod 2 is clearance fitted with the first catch 4, while the lower part is connected with the first catch 4 by a first shear pin 8. During the lowering of the device 100, the above arrangement provides clearance between the central rod 2 and the resilient fingers 42 of the first catch member 4, without affecting the radial retraction of the resilient fingers 42. At the same time. Because the central rod 2 is connected with the first clamping hanging piece 4 through the first shearing pin 8, the first shearing pin 8 can be sheared in the process of lifting the central rod 2, and therefore the fixed connection between the central rod 2 and the first clamping hanging piece 4 is released.

The center rod 2 is configured in a cylindrical shape. Meanwhile, the outer wall of the central rod 2 is provided with a diversion hole 21 communicated with the inner cavity of the elastic claw 42. Through the arrangement, the flow cross-sectional area is increased, and the fluid can be ensured to smoothly enter the inner cavity of the central rod 2 through the inner cavity of the first clamping and hanging piece body 41 and then enter the inner cavity of the elastic claw 42 through the flow guide hole 21 and then move upwards.

The central rod 2 is connected with the elastic component 3 through a diversion inclined plane 7. Structurally, the guide slopes 7 may be provided on the lower-end outer wall of the first defining channel member 31. That is, the lower-end outer wall of the first defining channel member 31 is configured as a slope such that the sectional area is gradually reduced in the upper-to-lower direction. This arrangement ensures on the one hand the stability of the connection of the elastic element 3 to the central rod 2. On the other hand, the guide slopes 7 can function as a guide for guiding the fluid below to the outside of the elastic member 3 to ensure an effective flow of the fluid.

The outer wall of the upper joint 1 is provided with a first step surface 11, so that the cross-sectional area of the upper section of the upper joint 1 is larger than that of the lower section. The first step face 11 is adapted to make a snap fit with the fishing tool 400 to lift the upper sub 1 and the centre rod 2 when the device 100 is to be lifted out of the wellbore. As shown in fig. 3.

A ratchet seat 44 is fitted on an inner wall of the first hooking member body 41. It should be noted that, in order to simplify the installation, the first snap fastener body 41 is provided as a split structure, and includes two sleeve-shaped structures which are arranged up and down, and a groove for embedding the ratchet seat 44 is formed between the two structures. The ratchet socket 44 can mate with the ratchet 303 of the fishing device 300 to lift the first snap hanger 4 out of the wellbore, as shown in fig. 4. That is, when water drainage and gas production are not required, the device 100 can be lifted out of the shaft to realize full drift diameter, which is beneficial to smooth implementation of the later process.

An upwardly facing first inclined surface 45 is provided between the upper end surface and the outer side surface of the elastic claw 42. The first ramp 45 is used to mate with a fishing device 300 during fishing (discussed in detail below).

The apparatus 100 further comprises a delivery head 5 arranged at the upper end of the upper joint 1. The feeding head 5 is barrel-shaped, and an opening is downwards sleeved on the outer wall of the upper joint 1. The side wall of the delivery head 5 is connected to the upper joint 1 by a second shear pin 9. After the apparatus 100 is put into place, the running tool is lifted and the second shear pin 9 is sheared, and the delivery head 5 is lifted out of the wellbore, as shown in figure 2.

The invention also relates to a fishing device 300. As shown in fig. 4, the fishing device 300 includes a fishing head 301 and a fishing mandrel 302. The fishing head 301 is adapted to be connected to an external structure such that the external structure (e.g., coiled tubing) can be lowered into a predetermined position in the wellbore with the fishing apparatus 300. The fishing mandrel 302 is fixedly connected with the fishing head 301, and meanwhile, the fishing mandrel 302 can also be matched with the first clamping piece 4 positioned in the second clamping piece 200 in a locking manner. The fishing device 300 is lifted up to lift the first bail 4 out of the wellbore.

Specifically, a ratchet 303 is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the fishing mandrel 302. In order to ensure the smooth matching and connection stability with the ratchet seat 44, a plurality of ratchets 303 are arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the fishing mandrel 302. A plurality of ratchet teeth 303 are arranged side by side along the direction of extension of the fishing mandrel 302.

The lower end surface of the fishing head 301 is provided with a mounting groove 304. The upper end of the fishing mandrel 302 can extend into the mounting slot 304, such as by a threaded connection. The side walls of the mounting groove 304 are in clearance fit with the outer wall of the fishing mandrel 302. A second slope 305 is provided between the lower end surface of the mounting groove 304 and the inner wall surface. During the process of descending the fishing device 300, the second inclined surface 305 is inserted into an annular space formed by the first inclined surface 45 and the second clamping hanging piece 200, and along with the continuous descending of the fishing device 300, the second inclined surface 305 applies force to the first inclined surface 45 and actuates the elastic claw 42 to radially contract, so that the upper end of the elastic claw 42 is gathered in the installation groove 304, and meanwhile, the first clamping hanging part 43 is separated from the second clamping hanging part 201 to release clamping limitation.

It should be noted that the first fastener 4 may be a split structure. For example, the first hooking member 41 may be configured as upper and lower segments that are fitted to each other, and the upper and lower segments form a groove for mounting the ratchet seat 44 during the fitting process. The structure is simple and the assembly is convenient.

The operation of the apparatus 100 and associated pipe string is discussed in detail below with respect to fig. 1-4.

First, the second clip 200 is set on the pipe string, and then the pipe string is run into the wellbore. After the gas well is put in place, the second clamping and hanging piece 200 is cylindrical, so that the operation of other gas wells is not influenced.

When water drainage and gas production are required, the downhole locking device 100 is lowered into the pipe string through the coiled tubing. During the lowering of the downhole locking device 100, the elastic claws 42 radially contract and do not interfere with the lowering of the downhole locking device 100. When the first hooking portion 43 reaches the position of the second hooking portion 201, under the action of its own elasticity, the elastic claw 42 radially expands, so that the first hooking portion 43 and the second hooking portion 201 complete hooking, and the downhole locking device 100 is fixed, as shown in fig. 1.

The tool is then lifted up and when the pressure reaches a certain value the second shear pin 9 is sheared off, as shown in figure 2. The delivery head 5 is lifted out of the wellbore. At this time, the first clip member 4 is disposed at a predetermined position. A plunger may be plunged into the wellbore. The plunger moving downward falls on the upper joint 1, so that the upper joint 1 actuates the second limit ring 36 to move downward to compress the elastic member 33, thereby performing a buffering function.

When water drainage and gas production are not required, the downhole locking device 100 needs to be lifted out. The fishing tool 400 is first run in. As shown in fig. 3, the fishing teeth 401 of the fishing tool 400 are engaged with the first step surface 11 of the upper connector 1. During the lifting process, the first shearing pin 8 is sheared, and the upper joint 1 drives the central rod 2 and the elastic component 3 to be lifted. Then, the fishing device 300 is used to fish the first latch 4 out of the pipe string. Specifically, the fishing device 300 is lowered, and the fishing device 300 is pressed down. During the downward movement of the fishing device 300, the ratchet teeth 303 of the fishing device 300 engage the ratchet socket 44 of the device 100 to form a locking arrangement. Meanwhile, the second inclined surface 305 applies force to the first inclined surface 45, and the elastic claw 42 is actuated to contract radially, so that the clamping limitation of the first clamping hanging piece 4 and the second clamping hanging piece 200 is released. Thus, the first bail 4 may be lifted out of the wellbore by lifting the fishing device 300. To this end, the apparatus 100 is proposed to achieve full bore.

In the present application, the orientation terms "upper" and "lower" are both referred to with respect to the actual operating orientation of the downhole locking device 100.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily make changes or variations within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed, and such changes or variations should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A downhole locking device, comprising:

an upper joint is arranged on the upper end of the connecting rod,

a center rod disposed at a lower end of the upper joint,

an elastic assembly disposed between the upper sub and the center rod.

2. The downhole latching device of claim 1, wherein the resilient assembly comprises:

an axial limiting mechanism arranged between the first limiting groove member and the second limiting groove member and used for limiting the axial displacement of the first limiting groove member and the second limiting groove member,

3. The downhole latching device of claim 2 wherein the axial stop mechanism has a radially inwardly extending first stop ring disposed on an inner wall of the first groove defining member and a second stop ring disposed on an outer wall of the second groove defining member adapted to snap fit with the first stop ring.

4. The downhole latching device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first catch member comprises a first catch member body, circumferentially spaced resilient claws extending axially upward from the first catch member body, and first catch portions provided on an outer peripheral wall of the resilient claws.

5. The downhole locking device of claim 4, wherein an upwardly facing first inclined surface is provided between the upper and lower end surfaces of the resilient claw and the outer wall surface.

6. The downhole latching device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the upper end of the center rod is clearance-fitted to the elastic claw, and the lower end is connected to the first latching member body by a first shear pin.

7. The downhole locking device according to claim 6, wherein the center rod is configured in a cylindrical shape, and a flow guide hole communicating with an inner cavity of the elastic claw is provided in an outer wall of the center rod.

8. The downhole locking device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a ratchet ring is fitted on an inner wall of the first locking member body.

9. The downhole latching device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the central rod and the resilient assembly are connected by a deflector ramp.

10. A pipe string comprising a second catch member, which may be one or more and at least one of which is engageable with the first catch member of the downhole catch arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 9.