CN112291018A - Photoelectric receiving device, receiving method and coherent receiver of a coherent receiver - Google Patents
Photoelectric receiving device, receiving method and coherent receiver of a coherent receiver Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本文公开了一种相干接收机的光电接收装置、接收方法及相干接收机。所述光电接收装置包括：本振光生成模块，用于产生双波长正交偏振本振光；耦合模块，用于对接收的信号光与所述双波长正交偏振本振光进行相干耦合并输出双波长相干光；光电探测模块，用于将所述耦合模块输出的双波长相干光转换为电信号后输出。本文的技术方案能够减少相干接收机的光器件的数量，降低成本。
This paper discloses a photoelectric receiving device, a receiving method and a coherent receiver of a coherent receiver. The optoelectronic receiving device includes: a local oscillator light generating module for generating dual-wavelength orthogonally polarized local oscillator light; a coupling module for coherently coupling the received signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonally polarized local oscillator light, and generating the dual-wavelength orthogonally polarized local oscillator light; outputting dual-wavelength coherent light; a photoelectric detection module for converting the dual-wavelength coherent light output by the coupling module into an electrical signal and outputting it. The technical solution of this paper can reduce the number of optical components of the coherent receiver and reduce the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of optical fiber communication technologies, and in particular, to a photoelectric receiving apparatus and a receiving method of a coherent receiver, and a coherent receiver.
Background
In the field of optical fiber communication, with the development of data and voice services, especially the rapid development of video and multimedia services, the demand for telecommunication network bandwidth is continuously increasing. In view of the mainstream development trend, the coherent technology is gradually applied to the access network system.
Fig. 1 is a coherent detection system based on phase diversity and polarization diversity. After the signal light is input into the polarization coupling beam splitting device, the polarization beam splitter forms linearly polarized light in the x direction and linearly polarized light in the y direction, and the linearly polarized light in the x direction and the linearly polarized light in the y direction are respectively divided into two paths of optical signals through the corresponding couplers, namely first signal light in the x direction, second signal light in the x direction, first signal light in the y direction and second signal light in the y direction are generated. After the local oscillator light generated by the local oscillator is input into the polarization coupling beam splitting device, x-direction linearly polarized light and y-direction linearly polarized light are firstly formed through the polarization beam splitter, and the x-direction linearly polarized light and the y-direction linearly polarized light are respectively divided into two paths of optical signals through the corresponding couplers, namely x-direction first local oscillator light, x-direction second local oscillator light, y-direction first local oscillator light and y-direction second local oscillator light are generated.
In fig. 1, the signal light and the intrinsic light of the same polarization state are subjected to photoelectric detection by the balanced receiving device, and a photocurrent is output. The first signal light in the x direction and the first local oscillation light in the x direction subjected to 90-degree phase shift generate a first photocurrent after being subjected to coupling coherent balance detection by the first coherent balance receiving device. And generating a second photocurrent after the coupling coherent balance detection of the second signal light in the x direction and the second local oscillation light in the x direction by the second coherent balance receiving device. And after the y-direction first signal light and the y-direction first local oscillation light subjected to 90-degree phase shift are subjected to coupling coherent balance detection by a third coherent balance receiving device, generating a third photocurrent. And after the y-direction second signal light and the y-direction second local oscillation light are subjected to coupling coherent balance detection by the fourth coherent balance receiving device, generating a fourth photocurrent. Then, the first photocurrent, the second photocurrent, the third photocurrent, and the fourth photocurrent are processed by a subsequent DSP (Digital Signal Processing) to recover signals.
In the coherent detection system based on the phase diversity and the polarization diversity, the popularization of the coherent detection system is limited due to the fact that the number of optical devices is large, the structure is complex, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical receiving device, a receiving method and a coherent receiver of the coherent receiver, which can reduce the number of optical devices of the coherent receiver and reduce the cost.
According to a first aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photo-reception apparatus of a coherent receiver, including:
the local oscillator light generating module is used for generating dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light;
the coupling module is used for carrying out coherent coupling on the received signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light and outputting dual-wavelength coherent light;
and the photoelectric detection module is used for converting the dual-wavelength coherent light output by the coupling module into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal.
According to a second aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a coherent receiver, including:
the photoelectric receiving device and the demodulation module;
and the demodulation module is used for demodulating the electric signal output by the photoelectric receiving device.
According to a third aspect of the present application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a receiving method of a coherent receiver, including:
carrying out coherent coupling on the signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light to generate dual-wavelength coherent light;
and converting the dual-wavelength coherent light into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal.
Compared with the related art, the photoelectric receiving device, the receiving method and the coherent receiver of the coherent receiver provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the photoelectric receiving device of the coherent receiver generates double-wavelength coherent light by carrying out coherent coupling on the signal light and the double-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light, converts the double-wavelength coherent light into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal, so that the number of optical devices of the coherent receiver can be reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a coherent detection system based on phase diversity and polarization diversity in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical-electrical receiving device of a coherent receiver according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coherent receiver according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a receiving method of a coherent receiver according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coherent receiver of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wavelength relationship between local oscillator light and signal light in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical-electrical receiving device of a coherent receiver according to example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
The steps illustrated in the flow charts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Also, while a logical order is shown in the flow diagrams, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than here.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photo-receiving device of a coherent receiver, including:
the local oscillator light generating module 10 is configured to generate dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light;
a coupling module 20, configured to perform coherent coupling on the received signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light, and output dual-wavelength coherent light;
the photoelectric detection module 30 converts the dual-wavelength coherent light output by the coupling module into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal;
in one embodiment, the two wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator lights are two independent local oscillator lights with orthogonal polarization directions; or; the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light is local oscillator light obtained by combining two beams of local oscillator light with orthogonal polarization directions through a polarization beam combiner; the two beams of local oscillator light with orthogonal polarization directions have different wavelengths;
in one embodiment, the two-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light includes a first local oscillator light and a second local oscillator light, where a wavelength λ of the first local oscillator light is λ1With the wavelength lambda of the signal lightsUnequal, wavelength λ of the second local oscillation light2With the wavelength lambda of the signal lightsNot equal, and the following conditions are satisfied: lambda1-λs|≠|λ2-λs|；
In one embodiment, the coupling module comprises:
an optical coupler or an optical mixer;
when the optical coupler or the optical mixer comprises a plurality of paths of input and a plurality of paths of output, connecting one path of the plurality of paths of output with the photoelectric detection module;
in one embodiment, the photodetection module comprises: a PIN photodetector.
The photoelectric receiving device of this embodiment adopts single coupling module and single photoelectric detection module, carries out coherent coupling with the local oscillator light and the signal light of the mutual quadrature of dual wavelength polarization state, converts two intermediate frequency signals that the frequency is different into through the photoelectric detection module, because the information on the two orthogonal polarization states can not appear the condition of coherent cancellation, thereby realize the insensitive receipt of polarization, compare in the four ways coherent balance receiver among the correlation technique, system architecture is simple, the receiving end light path implements the complexity low, the cost is reduced.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a coherent receiver, including: a photoelectric receiving device 1 and a demodulation module 2;
the photovoltaic receiving device 1 is the photovoltaic receiving device described in embodiment 1;
the demodulation module 2 is configured to demodulate the electrical signal output by the optoelectronic receiving apparatus 1.
In one embodiment, the demodulation module is configured to demodulate the electrical signal by:
extracting a first intermediate frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal which have different frequencies from each other from the electrical signal; the first intermediate frequency signal is obtained by performing photoelectric conversion on an optical signal obtained by coherent coupling of first local oscillation light and signal light, and the second intermediate frequency signal is obtained by performing photoelectric conversion on an optical signal obtained by coherent coupling of second local oscillation light and signal light;
respectively filtering the first intermediate frequency signal and the second intermediate frequency signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal; wherein the first signal carries first polarization direction information and the second signal carries second polarization direction information; the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal to each other;
carrying out digital signal processing on the first signal and the second signal to obtain received information;
in one embodiment, the signal light is a modulated signal; the modulation mode of the signal light includes any one of the following: amplitude modulation, phase modulation, amplitude-phase modulation and high-order modulation;
wherein the high order modulation comprises: polarization multiplexing modulation.
A photoelectric receiving device of the coherent receiver performs coherent coupling by adopting local oscillation light and signal light with dual-wavelength polarization states orthogonal to each other, two intermediate frequency signals with different frequencies can be obtained after photoelectric conversion, a demodulation module obtains polarization diversity from the two intermediate frequency signals, and then digital signal processing is performed on each intermediate frequency signal to obtain receiving information, so that polarization insensitive receiving is realized. Compared with a four-path coherent balanced receiver in the related technology, the system has simple structure, low implementation complexity of the optical path of the receiving end and reduced cost.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a receiving method of a coherent receiver, including:
step S110, carrying out coherent coupling on the signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light to generate dual-wavelength coherent light;
step S120, converting the dual-wavelength coherent light into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal;
in one embodiment, the two wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator lights are two independent local oscillator lights with orthogonal polarization directions; or; the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light is local oscillator light obtained by combining two beams of local oscillator light with orthogonal polarization directions through a polarization beam combiner; the two beams of local oscillator light with orthogonal polarization directions have different wavelengths;
in one embodiment, the two-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light includes a first local oscillator light and a second local oscillator light, where a wavelength λ of the first local oscillator light is λ1With the wavelength lambda of the signal lightsUnequal, wavelength λ of the second local oscillation light2With the wavelength lambda of the signal lightsNot equal, and the following conditions are satisfied: lambda1-λs|≠|λ2-λs|；
In one embodiment, the coherently coupling and outputting the signal light and the two-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light includes:
carrying out coherent coupling on the signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light through a coupler/optical mixer and outputting the signal light and the dual-wavelength orthogonal polarization local oscillator light;
in one embodiment, the signal light is a modulated signal; the modulation mode of the signal light includes any one of the following: amplitude modulation, phase modulation, amplitude-phase modulation and high-order modulation;
wherein the high order modulation comprises: polarization multiplexing modulation;
in one embodiment, the method further comprises: demodulating the electrical signal;
in one embodiment, the demodulating the electrical signal comprises:
extracting a first intermediate frequency signal and a second intermediate frequency signal which have different frequencies from each other from the electrical signal; the first intermediate frequency signal is obtained by performing photoelectric conversion on an optical signal obtained by coherent coupling of first local oscillation light and signal light, and the second intermediate frequency signal is obtained by performing photoelectric conversion on an optical signal obtained by coherent coupling of second local oscillation light and signal light;
respectively filtering the first intermediate frequency signal and the second intermediate frequency signal to obtain a first signal and a second signal; wherein the first signal carries first polarization direction information and the second signal carries second polarization direction information; the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are orthogonal to each other;
and carrying out digital signal processing on the first signal and the second signal to obtain received information.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 5, the present example provides a coherent receiver including an optical receiving device and a demodulation module. The photoelectric receiving device includes: two local oscillator light sources, a coupling module and a photoelectric detection module.
The local oscillator light source is implemented by a laser (such as a direct modulation laser, an electro-absorption modulation laser, etc.) commonly used in the prior art. In example 1, two local oscillator light sources are used, corresponding to local oscillator light 1 and local oscillator light 2, respectively. The optical wavelength output by the local oscillator light 1 is lambda1(λ1≠λs) The polarization state is TxA mode; the optical wavelength output by the local oscillator light 2 is lambda2(λ2≠λs) The polarization state is TyMode(s). It should be emphasized here that the polarization states of the two local oscillator lights emitted by the local oscillator light 1 and the local oscillator light 2 need to be orthogonal to each other, but the polarization states are not necessarily in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, but may be the polarization states corresponding to two arbitrary opposite points on the poincare sphere.
As shown in fig. 6, the wavelengths corresponding to the two local oscillator lights need to be distinguished from the signal light, and also need to satisfy | λ |1-λs|≠|λ2-λsI.e. the frequency of the two local oscillator lights and the signal lightThe offsets are not to be uniform (Δ f)1≠Δf2). The two local oscillator optical wavelengths can be simultaneously distributed on the left side of the signal optical wavelength, can be respectively distributed on the two sides of the signal optical wavelength, or can be simultaneously distributed on the right side of the signal optical wavelength. It is emphasized here that for the frequency offset Δ f1And Δ f2The bandwidth parameters of subsequent optical and electrical devices, as well as the signal bandwidth of the signal source, may be referenced when selecting.
The local oscillator light in example 1 realizes polarization insensitive reception by adopting a form of dual wavelength and mutually orthogonal polarization states instead of a polarization diversity mode in the related art. The frequency deviation of the two local oscillator light and the signal light wavelength is delta f1And Δ f2After passing through the optical combiner (or frequency mixer) and the photodetector, two intermediate frequency signals with different frequencies are formed, and the two intermediate frequency signals with different frequencies can represent information on two polarization states which are orthogonal to each other in the original signal light. The coherent receiving apparatus of example 1 has a significant reduction in complexity of an optical path and the number of components compared to the coherent receiving system in the related art, and thus can effectively reduce the cost of a receiver.
Assuming input signal light E after transmission through a fiber channelsIn any polarization state. The optical field amplitude of the signal light can be decomposed into two polarization states in the x direction and the y direction;
signal light EsRespectively connected with local oscillator light in an optical coupler
And intrinsic light
Coherent coupling is performed.
The photocurrent after passing through the photodetector after coherent coupling is:
wherein A isLO1Is the maximum amplitude of the local oscillator light 1, ALO2Is the maximum amplitude of the local oscillator light 2, AsIs the maximum amplitude of the signal light, theta is the angle between the signal light and the x polarization state direction, omegaIF1Is the intermediate frequency signal frequency omega of the beat frequency of the signal light and the local oscillator light 1IF2The intermediate frequency signal frequency is the intermediate frequency signal frequency after the beat frequency of the signal light and the local oscillator light 2;
as is the phase of the signal light,
is the phase of the local oscillator light 1,
is the phase of the local oscillator light 2.
The photocurrent IPDIn (A)s 2Is the square component of the small signal light, ALO1 2Is the DC component of the local oscillator light 1, ALO2 2Is the dc component of the local oscillator light 2.
The photocurrent IPDThe first two terms are intermediate frequency signal terms of two different frequencies which need to be recovered after coherence. By adopting the dual wavelength, the intermediate frequency terms of two different frequencies can not be subjected to signal destructive subtraction in one path of detector (thereby causing the failure of coherent detection).
Generated photocurrent IPDWhich contains intermediate frequency terms at two different frequencies. And respectively filtering the intermediate frequency signals of each frequency to obtain a first signal and a second signal. Wherein the first signal carries x-polarization direction information and the second signal carries y-polarization direction informationAnd (4) sending the information.
Performing Digital Signal Processing (DSP) on the first signal and the second signal to obtain final received information; the receiving information refers to electrical information carried on a receiving end optical carrier.
The coherent receiver of example 1 above, having the following features:
1) dual wavelengths enable low cost polarization independent coherent reception.
The realization mode is that the local oscillation light adopts the polarized light input of the mutual orthogonal of the dual wavelength, after passing through the photoelectric detector, the polarized information of the x and y directions is respectively converted into the intermediate frequency signals of two different frequencies, and the dual wavelength and the orthogonal polarization state can prevent the two polarized information from generating the situation of destructive coherence in one path of coherence. Therefore, no matter what polarization state the signal light is, coherent interference is carried out on the signal light and at least one local oscillation light, and polarization insensitive receiving is achieved.
2) The receiver adopts the optical coupling module with single-port output and a single photoelectric detection module, so that the number of optical devices is reduced, and low-cost receiving is realized.
The optical coupling module is not limited to the optical coupler/optical mixer with multi-input and single-output, and may also include an N × M optical coupler/optical mixer. The number of the input ports N is determined according to the needs of the system architecture, and the output ports M can only use one of the connecting photoelectric detection devices for coherent detection. The number of input and output ports of the optical coupler/optical mixer is not made a mandatory requirement.
3) The modulation mode of the input signal is not required to be forced, and high-order modulation signals such as amplitude modulation signals, phase modulation signals, amplitude-phase modulation signals, polarization multiplexing signals and the like can be applied to the coherent receiver.
Compared with the related art, the coherent receiver scheme of the example adopts the local oscillator light with the dual-wavelength polarization states orthogonal to each other for polarization insensitive reception, so that under the condition of one path of coherence of the coupling module, the information on the two orthogonal polarization states cannot be subjected to coherence cancellation. Compared with a four-path coherent balanced receiver in the related art, the single coupling module and the single photoelectric detection module are adopted in the embodiment, the system architecture is simple, the implementation complexity of the receiving end optical path is low, and the cost is reduced.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 7, the present example provides an opto-electronic receiving device of a coherent receiver. The optical-electrical receiving device modifies the local oscillator light source in example 1. Example 2 originally generated two-wavelength local oscillator light with orthogonal polarization is first combined into one local oscillator light by a polarization beam combiner, and then combined with signal light by a 2 × 1 optical coupler for coherent.
The optical coupler of 3 × 1 was used in example 1. After the signal light, the local oscillator light 1 and the local oscillator light 2 pass through the optical coupler, the energy loss is 1/3. And example 2 adopts a 2 × 1 optical coupler, and only 3dB of attenuation is generated for both signal light and synthesized local oscillator light, which is smaller than the device in example 1 in terms of loss of optical energy.
The local oscillator light generating device can also be realized by using a dual-polarization distributed Bragg feedback type optical fiber laser. It should be emphasized here that any local oscillator light source capable of generating two wavelengths and two polarizations orthogonal to each other can be used in the coherent receiver optical-electrical receiving device of the present application.
For the coupling devices in example 1 and example 2, the optical coupler is not limited to a 3 × 1 or 2 × 1 optical coupler, and may further include a multiport input/output optical mixer, such as a 180 °, 120 °, 90 ° optical mixer, and the like.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms, and various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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