CN112280043B - Silicon dioxide/polyacrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Silicon dioxide/polyacrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 13
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical group [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238367 Mya arenaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007651 Rubus glaucus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009122 Rubus idaeus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006115 industrial coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007908 nanoemulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002276 poly(acrylate) macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/42—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F292/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/10—Block or graft copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
- C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
- C09D5/1675—Polyorganosiloxane-containing compositions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a silicon dioxide/polyacrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method mainly comprises the steps of silica sol modification, preparation of silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion and preparation of silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion. Firstly, silica sol is modified, then a seed-growth polymerization method is utilized to prepare composite emulsion with a silica/acrylate system with more stable gel rate (less than 0.5%), and active groups such as amino and epoxy are introduced into acrylate, so that the composite emulsion can be effectively assembled and compounded with polysiloxane nano particles which are added subsequently, and thus raspberry-shaped silica/acrylate/polysiloxane organic-inorganic hybrid emulsion with excellent performance is prepared. The silica component provides hardness support in the particles of the emulsion; the acrylate provides film-forming properties; polysiloxanes provide weatherability, color retention and stain resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of monodisperse non-metal nano materials, in particular to silicon dioxide/polyacrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Polyacrylate emulsions are water-dispersed copolymers prepared mainly from acrylic monomers by emulsion polymerization, and coatings prepared from polyacrylate emulsions exhibit good weatherability, chemical resistance and stain resistance. The conventional polyacrylate prepared by emulsion polymerization is a branched random copolymer, only has a single Tg point, so that the phenomena of high brittleness at low temperature, stickiness at high temperature, hardness reduction and the like, namely hot stickiness and cold brittleness, exist. This fatal disadvantage limits the application of conventional polyacrylic acid emulsion in high-end coating, and therefore, how to modify polyacrylic acid to improve its performance becomes a hot research.
Generally, methods for modifying polyacrylates fall into three categories: 1. introducing other functional monomers or other types of emulsions for modification, such as common silicone-acrylic emulsion, epoxy modified acrylic emulsion, polyurethane modified acrylic emulsion and the like; 2. unique particle structures, such as a core-shell structure, a hard core soft shell or a soft core hard shell, are designed to overcome the defects of hot adhesion and cold brittleness and endow other properties; 3. the nano particles are introduced to prepare the composite material, and the inherent properties of the nano particles and the acrylic ester are exerted, so that the comprehensive performance of the emulsion is improved. In the third method, the types and properties of the selected nanoparticles are various, and the properties of the composite material for preparation can be adjusted according to requirements, so that the method becomes a research hotspot. Among them, silica is widely used to improve the performance of polyacrylate emulsions as an easily available, high hardness, and stable inorganic nanoparticle.
The traditional method for preparing the silicon dioxide/polyacrylate composite material is cold splicing, namely, silicon dioxide is doped into acrylate, the method is simple and easy to operate, but the problem of incompatibility is easy to occur in the mixing process of the silicon dioxide and the acrylate, so that the stability of the product is influenced; it is therefore desirable to organically modify the silica prior to mixing to improve compatibility.
The effective compounding method is to modify the surface of silica directly or indirectly and then to prepare the composite particles by in-situ emulsion polymerization. Patent CN 102731735 discloses a preparation method of an organosilicon modified silica sol/polyacrylate emulsion, which is characterized in that surface silane modification is performed on selected silica sol, and polyacrylate macromolecules are introduced to the surface of the silica sol by an in-situ polymerization method to prepare the emulsion, so that the emulsion has excellent hardness, water-white resistance and solvent resistance. Application number CN 103665242 discloses a preparation method of silica sol/acrylate nano core-shell structure emulsion, wherein silica sol is processed by titanium chelation without additional modification, and then in-situ polymerization is performed to form emulsion with excellent performance. The prepared emulsion has good gloss and high hardness after being coated, and has good heat resistance, water resistance and acid and alkali resistance. In addition, many similar patents report methods for preparing silica/acrylate composite nanoparticles, which are mainly used for improving the hardness and heat resistance of coating films. Stain resistance is also an important consideration in emulsions for architectural and industrial coatings. It is common to reduce the surface energy and thereby increase the stain resistance by incorporating an organosilicon component into the macromolecules, most typically a silicone-acrylic emulsion. How to combine the above two points to prepare the composite nano emulsion with high hardness, good stain resistance, strong aging resistance and excellent color retention has not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a silicon dioxide/polyacrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein particles in the silicon dioxide/polyacrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion comprise an inorganic silicon dioxide component, and polysiloxane is assembled on the surface of acrylate in a raspberry shape, so that the prepared emulsion has the advantages of high hardness, good stain resistance, strong aging resistance and excellent color retention after film forming.
Scheme I)
A preparation method of silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, modifying silica sol: uniformly mixing water and the silica sol, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring at the temperature of 50-65 ℃ and the stirring speed of 200-400rpm for 3-6h to obtain the modified silica sol, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the silica sol to the silane coupling agent is 1-2:1-2: 0.03-0.1;
secondly, preparing silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion:
uniformly mixing 9-18 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.45-2.5 parts by mass of emulsifier, slowly adding 28-40 parts by mass of acrylic monomer at the stirring speed of 300-600rpm, and continuously stirring for 10-30 minutes to form a pre-emulsion I;
uniformly mixing 2.25-4.5 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.11-0.23 part by mass of emulsifier, slowly adding 7-10 parts by mass of acrylic monomer and 1-3 parts by mass of functional monomer at the stirring speed of 300-600rpm, and continuously stirring for 10-30 minutes to form a second pre-emulsion;
dissolving 3-6 parts by mass of initiator in 3.3-6.6 parts by mass of water in the formula to form a first initiator aqueous solution; dissolving 1-2 parts by mass of an initiator in the formula in 0.45-0.9 part by mass of water to form a second initiator aqueous solution;
adding 25-40 parts by mass of the modified silica sol prepared in the step one, 0.5-2 parts by mass of sodium bicarbonate and 0.19-0.38 part by mass of emulsifier into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, heating to 80-85 ℃, simultaneously adding 3-10% of a first pre-emulsion and a second initiator aqueous solution, and preserving heat for 10-30 min; then, dripping the residual pre-emulsion I prepared in the first step and 80 percent of the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the third step for 2 to 3 hours, and preserving heat for 20 to 30 minutes after finishing dripping;
fifthly, dripping the pre-emulsion II prepared in the step II and the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the step III in a proportion of 20 percent for 1 to 1.5 hours;
sixthly, preserving the heat for 1 hour after the dropwise adding is finished, then cooling to 30-40 ℃, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 7-8 to obtain silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion;
thirdly, preparing the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion: at room temperature, dripping the organic silicon emulsion into the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion prepared in the second step, and reacting for 3-12h at the temperature of 25-90 ℃ to obtain the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion; the mass ratio of the organic silicon emulsion to the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion prepared in the second step is 1: 5-1: 30, of a nitrogen-containing gas;
preferably, the silane coupling agent in the first step is one or a combination of more than two of KH-570, KH560, KH550, A-151 or A-171 in any proportion.
Preferably, the silica sol in the first step has a particle size of 20-35nm, a solid content of 30-40% and a pH of 4-6.
Preferably, the acrylic acid monomer in the second step is one or a combination of more than two of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid in any proportion.
Preferably, the functional monomer in the second step is one or a combination of more than two of glycidyl methacrylate, acrylamide, urea hydroxymethyl acrylate or organosilicon monomer in any proportion.
Preferably, the emulsifier in the second step is formed by mixing anion, nonionic and polymerizable emulsifier according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1-2: 1-2.
Preferably, the anionic emulsifier is one or any combination of more than two of DNS-18, DNS-625, SW3001 or FSL 707; the non-ionic emulsifier is one or the random combination of more than two of DNS-900, 3016 or LGE-30; the polymerizable emulsifier is one or more of HAPS, SR-10 and ER-10-in any combination.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic silicon emulsion is 20-150nm, the solid content is 30-50%, and the organic silicon emulsion is modified by amino or epoxy groups.
Scheme two)
The silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion is prepared by the method.
The application of the silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion in the exterior wall building coating comprises 10-30% of the emulsion prepared by the method by mass fraction.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the silica/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the silica sol is modified, then the composite emulsion with a more stable silica/acrylate system and a low gel rate (less than 0.5%) is prepared by utilizing a seed-growth polymerization method, and active groups such as amino and epoxy are introduced into the acrylate, so that the acrylate and the subsequently added polysiloxane nano particles can be effectively assembled and compounded, and thus raspberry-shaped silica/acrylate/polysiloxane organic-inorganic hybrid emulsion with excellent performance is prepared. The silica component provides hardness support in the particles of the emulsion; the acrylate provides film-forming properties; polysiloxanes provide weatherability, color retention and stain resistance. The method is simple to operate, the cost performance of the selected raw materials is high, all the working procedures can be continuously completed, and the additional production burden cannot be increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of a silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated and explained with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
A preparation method of silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, modifying silica sol: uniformly mixing water and silica sol, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring at the stirring speed of 400rpm for 6 hours at 50 ℃ to obtain modified silica sol; the mass ratio of the water to the silica sol to the silane coupling agent is 1:1: 0.1;
secondly, preparing silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion:
uniformly mixing 9 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.45 part by mass of an emulsifier, then slowly adding 28 parts by mass of an acrylic monomer at a stirring speed of 300rpm, and then continuously stirring for 10 minutes to form a pre-emulsion I;
uniformly mixing 2.25 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.11 part by mass of emulsifier, slowly adding 7 parts by mass of acrylic monomer and 1 part by mass of functional monomer at the stirring speed of 300rpm, and continuously stirring for 10 minutes to form a second pre-emulsion;
dissolving 3 parts by mass of initiator in 3.3 parts by mass of water in the formula to form a first initiator aqueous solution; dissolving 1 part by mass of an initiator in 0.45 part by mass of water to form a second initiator aqueous solution;
adding 25 parts by mass of the modified silica sol prepared in the step one, 0.5 part by mass of sodium bicarbonate and 0.19 part by mass of emulsifier into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, heating to 80 ℃, simultaneously adding 3% of a first pre-emulsion and a second initiator aqueous solution, and keeping the temperature for 10 min; then, dripping the residual pre-emulsion I prepared in the first step and 80 percent of the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the third step for 2 hours, and preserving heat for 20 minutes after finishing dripping;
fifthly, dripping the pre-emulsion II prepared in the step II and the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the step III in a proportion of 20 percent for 1 hour;
sixthly, preserving the heat for 1 hour after the dropwise adding is finished, then cooling to 30 ℃, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 7 to obtain silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion;
thirdly, preparing the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion: at room temperature, dripping the organic silicon emulsion into the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion prepared in the second step, and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ to obtain silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion; the mass ratio of the organic silicon emulsion to the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion prepared in the step two is 1.5: 30, of a nitrogen-containing gas;
preferably, the silane coupling agent in the first step is KH 550.
Preferably, the silica sol in the first step has a particle size of 20nm, a solid content of 30% and a pH of 4.
Preferably, the acrylic acid monomer in step two is butyl acrylate.
Preferably, the functional monomer in step two is glycidyl methacrylate.
Preferably, the emulsifier in the second step is formed by mixing anion, nonionic and polymerizable emulsifier according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
Preferably, the anionic emulsifier is DNS-18; the nonionic emulsifier is DNS-900; the polymerizable emulsifier is HAPS.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic silicon emulsion is 20-150nm, the solid content is 30-50%, and the organic silicon emulsion is modified by amino or epoxy groups.
Coating the glass plate with the wire bar silicon dioxide/acrylic ester/polysiloxane composite emulsion, wherein the wet film thickness is 200 micrometers, baking the glass plate for 1 hour at 70 ℃, and testing the performance when the film coating temperature is reduced to room temperature. The hardness of a coating pencil is F, the adhesion force on glass is 0-1 grade, the water contact angle is 115 degrees, the water resistance and water-white resistance are excellent (no water-white and foaming exist in 4 days), and the coating pencil is resistant to artificial aging and has no chalking after 600 hours.
Example 2
A preparation method of silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion mainly comprises the following steps:
firstly, modifying silica sol: uniformly mixing water and silica sol, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring at 65 ℃ and the stirring speed of 200rpm for 3 hours to obtain modified silica sol; the mass ratio of the water to the silica sol to the silane coupling agent is 2: 2: 0.03
Secondly, preparing silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion:
uniformly mixing 18 parts by mass of deionized water and 2.5 parts by mass of an emulsifier, slowly adding 40 parts by mass of an acrylic monomer at a stirring speed of 600rpm, and continuing for 30 minutes to form a pre-emulsion I;
uniformly mixing 4.5 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.23 part by mass of emulsifier, slowly adding 10 parts by mass of acrylic monomer and 3 parts by mass of functional monomer at a stirring speed of 600rpm, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes to form a second pre-emulsion;
dissolving 6 parts by mass of an initiator in 6.6 parts by mass of water to form a first initiator aqueous solution; dissolving 2 parts by mass of an initiator in 0.9 part by mass of water in the formula to form a second initiator aqueous solution;
adding 40 parts by mass of the modified silica sol prepared in the step one, 1 part by mass of sodium bicarbonate and 0.38 part by mass of emulsifier into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, heating to 85 ℃, simultaneously adding 10% of a first pre-emulsion and a second initiator aqueous solution, and keeping the temperature for 30 min; then, dripping the residual pre-emulsion I prepared in the first step and 80 percent of the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the third step for 3 hours, and preserving heat for 30 minutes after finishing dripping;
fifthly, dripping the pre-emulsion II prepared in the step II and the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the step III in a proportion of 20 percent for 1.5 hours;
sixthly, preserving the heat for 1 hour after the dropwise adding is finished, then cooling to 40 ℃, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 8 to obtain silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion;
thirdly, preparing the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion: at room temperature, dripping the organic silicon emulsion into the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion prepared in the second step, and reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion; the mass ratio of the organic silicon emulsion to the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion prepared in the step two is 1: 30, of a nitrogen-containing gas;
preferably, the silane coupling agent in step one is A-171.
Preferably, the silica sol in the first step has a particle size of 20-35nm, a solid content of 30-40% and a pH of 4-6.
Preferably, the acrylic monomer in step two is methyl methacrylate.
Preferably, the functional monomer in step two is glycidyl methacrylate.
Preferably, the emulsifier in the second step is formed by mixing anion, nonionic and polymerizable emulsifier according to the mass ratio of 2:1: 1.
Preferably, the anionic emulsifier is FSL 707; the nonionic emulsifier is LGE-30; the polymerizable emulsifier is one of ER-10-.
Preferably, the particle size of the organic silicon emulsion is 20-150nm, the solid content is 30-50%, and the organic silicon emulsion is modified by amino or epoxy groups.
The wire rod silicon dioxide/acrylic ester/polysiloxane composite emulsion is coated on a glass plate, the thickness of a wet film is 200 micrometers, the film is baked for 1 hour at 70 ℃, the light transmittance of the film is excellent, and the performance is tested when the temperature of the film is reduced to room temperature. The hardness of a coating pencil is H, the adhesion force on glass is 0-1 grade, the water contact angle is 110 degrees, the water resistance and water-white resistance are excellent (no water-white and foaming exist in 4 days), and the coating pencil is resistant to artificial aging and has no chalking after 500 hours.
Example 3
25g of deionized water was added to 25g of acidic silica sol (solid content: 40%), heated to 60 ℃ and added with 0.6gKH570, and the mixture was stirred at 250rpm and kept warm for 5 hours to obtain modified silica sol (solid content: 20%).
20g of water, 2g S25 and 2g of FSL707 were put into a 250ml four-necked flask, and after stirring at room temperature and 250rpm, 1.6g of acrylic acid, 45g of methyl methacrylate and 30g of butyl acrylate were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 400rpm for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable pre-emulsion 1.
6g of water, 0.3g S25, 0.4g of FSL707 and 0.3g N-10 were put into a 100ml four-necked flask, and after stirring uniformly at 250rpm at normal temperature, 0.4g of acrylic acid, 2g of methylol ureide, 1.5g of an organosilicon monomer UM-1770, 2g of glycidyl methacrylate, 10g of methyl methacrylate and 8g of butyl acrylate were added in this order, the stirring speed was adjusted to 400rpm, and after stirring for 20 minutes, a uniform and stable pre-emulsion 2 was obtained.
5g of water and 0.2g of sodium hydrogencarbonate were put in a 500ml four-necked flask (equipped with a condenser and a thermometer), and after dissolving them by stirring, 2g S25 and 0.5g of FSL707 were added, and after stirring for 5 minutes, 50g of the above-mentioned modified silica sol was added to the flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Then the temperature was raised to 82 ℃ with stirring at 250rpm, after the temperature had stabilized, 3g of the above pre-emulsion 1 and 1g of an aqueous ammonium persulfate initiator solution (containing 0.08g of ammonium persulfate) were added and the temperature was maintained for 20 min. The bottle was filled dropwise over 3h with the remaining pre-emulsion 1 and 10g of aqueous initiator solution (containing 0.4g of ammonium persulfate) and incubated for 30 min. And continuously dropwise adding 2g of pre-emulsion and 2g of initiator aqueous solution (containing 0.08g of ammonium persulfate) into the reaction flask within 1h, reacting for 1h after dropwise adding, cooling, and adjusting the pH of the system to 7-8 by using DMEA to prepare the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion.
Introducing 25g of commercial amino modified organic silicon emulsion (with the particle size of 40nm and the solid content of 37%) into the composite emulsion, diluting the organic silicon emulsion by 2 times, dropwise adding the diluted organic silicon emulsion into the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion, controlling the dropwise adding within 2h, keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, cooling, and adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using DMEA to obtain the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion.
Coating the glass plate with the wire bar silicon dioxide/acrylic ester/polysiloxane composite emulsion, wherein the wet film thickness is 200 micrometers, baking the glass plate for 1 hour at 70 ℃, and testing the performance when the film coating temperature is reduced to room temperature. The hardness of a coating pencil is 2H, the adhesive force on glass is 0-1 grade, the water contact angle is 125 degrees, the water resistance and the water-white resistance are excellent (no water white and bubbling in 4 days), and the coating pencil is resistant to artificial aging and has no chalking after 600 hours.
Example 4
25g of deionized water was added to 25g of acidic silica sol (solid content: 40%), the temperature was raised to 50 ℃ and 1g of A151 was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 250rpm and kept warm for 3 hours to obtain a modified silica sol (solid content: 20%).
20g of water, 2g S25 and 2g of FSL707 were put into a 250ml four-necked flask, and after stirring at room temperature and 250rpm, 1.6g of acrylic acid, 30g of methyl methacrylate and 45g of butyl acrylate were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 400rpm for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable pre-emulsion 1.
6g of water, 0.3g S25, 0.4g of FSL707, and 0.3g N-10 were put into a 100ml four-necked flask, and after stirring at 250rpm at normal temperature, 0.4g of acrylic acid, 2g of methylol ureide, 1.5g of silicone monomer UM-1770, 1g of acrylamide, 7g of methyl methacrylate, and 11g of butyl acrylate were added in this order, and the stirring speed was adjusted to 400rpm, and after stirring for 20 minutes, homogeneous and stable pre-emulsion 2 was obtained.
5g of water and 0.2g of sodium hydrogencarbonate were put in a 500ml four-necked flask (equipped with a condenser and a thermometer), and after dissolving them by stirring, 2g S25 and 0.5g of FSL707 were added, and after stirring for 5 minutes, 50g of the above-mentioned modified silica sol was added to the flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Then the temperature was raised to 82 ℃ with stirring at 250rpm, after the temperature had stabilized, 5g of the above pre-emulsion 1 and 1g of an aqueous ammonium persulfate initiator solution (containing 0.08g of ammonium persulfate) were added and the temperature was maintained for 20 min. The bottle was filled dropwise over 3h with the remaining pre-emulsion 1 and 10g of aqueous initiator solution (containing 0.4g of ammonium persulfate) and incubated for 30 min. And continuously dropwise adding 2g of pre-emulsion and 2g of initiator aqueous solution (containing 0.08g of ammonium persulfate) into the reaction flask within 1h, reacting for 1h after dropwise adding, cooling, and adjusting the pH of the system to 7-8 by using DMEA to prepare the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion.
And (2) introducing 13g of self-made epoxy modified organic silicon emulsion (with the particle size of 50nm and the solid content of 42%) into the composite emulsion, diluting the organic silicon emulsion by 3 times, dropwise adding the diluted organic silicon emulsion into the emulsion, controlling the dropwise adding time within 2 hours, heating to 70 ℃, preserving the heat for 5 hours, and reducing the temperature to adjust the pH to 7-8 by using DMEA to obtain the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion.
The wire rod silicon dioxide/acrylic ester/polysiloxane composite emulsion is coated on a glass plate, the thickness of a wet film is 200 micrometers, the film is maintained for 7 days at room temperature, the light transmittance of the film is excellent, and the performance is tested when the temperature of the film is reduced to room temperature. The hardness of the coating pencil is H, the adhesion force on glass is 0-1 grade, the water contact angle is 115 degrees, the water resistance and water-white resistance are excellent (no water-white and foaming exist in 4 days), and the coating pencil is resistant to artificial aging and has no chalking after 400 hours.
Example 5
Adding 25g of deionized water into 25g of acidic silica sol (solid content: 40%), heating to 55 ℃, adding 1gA-171, stirring at 250rpm, and keeping the temperature for 5 hours to obtain modified silica sol (solid content: 20%).
20g of water, 2g S25 and 1.8g of DNS-18 were put into a 250ml four-necked flask, and after stirring at 250rpm at normal temperature, 1.6g of acrylic acid, 30g of methyl methacrylate and 45g of butyl acrylate were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 400rpm for 20 minutes to obtain a uniform and stable pre-emulsion 1.
6g of water, 0.3g S25, 0.1g of DNS-900 and 0.3g N-10 were put into a 100ml four-necked flask, and after stirring uniformly at 250rpm at normal temperature, 0.4g of acrylic acid, 2g of methylol ureide, 0.5g of silicone monomer KH570, 2g of acrylamide, 7g of methyl methacrylate and 11g of butyl acrylate were added in this order, the stirring speed was adjusted to 400rpm, and after stirring for 20 minutes, uniform and stable pre-emulsion 2 was obtained.
5g of water and 0.2g of sodium hydrogencarbonate were put in a 500ml four-necked flask (equipped with a condenser and a thermometer), and after dissolving them by stirring, 2g S25 and 0.5g of DNS-18 were added, and after stirring for 5 minutes, 50g of the above-mentioned modified silica sol was added to the flask and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Then the temperature was raised to 82 ℃ with stirring at 250rpm, after the temperature had stabilized, 8g of the above pre-emulsion 1 and 1g of an aqueous ammonium persulfate initiator solution (containing 0.08g of ammonium persulfate) were added and the temperature was maintained for 20 min. The bottle was filled dropwise over 3h with the remaining pre-emulsion 1 and 10g of aqueous initiator solution (containing 0.4g of ammonium persulfate) and incubated for 30 min. And continuously dropwise adding 2g of pre-emulsion and 2g of initiator aqueous solution (containing 0.08g of ammonium persulfate) into the reaction flask within 1h, reacting for 1h after dropwise adding, cooling, and adjusting the pH of the system to 7-8 by using DMEA to prepare the silicon dioxide/acrylate composite emulsion.
Introducing 26g of self-made epoxy modified organic silicon emulsion (with the particle size of 50nm and the solid content of 42%) into the composite emulsion, diluting the organic silicon emulsion by 2 times, dropwise adding the diluted organic silicon emulsion into the emulsion, controlling the dropwise adding time within 4 hours, reacting at room temperature for 12 hours, and adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using DMEA to obtain the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion.
The wire rod silicon dioxide/acrylic ester/polysiloxane composite emulsion is coated on a glass plate, the thickness of a wet film is 200 micrometers, the film is maintained for 7 days at room temperature, the light transmittance of the film is excellent, and the performance is tested when the temperature of the film is reduced to room temperature. The hardness of a coating pencil is H, the adhesion force on glass is 0-1 grade, the water contact angle is 130 degrees, the water resistance and water-white resistance are excellent (no water-white and foaming exist in 4 days), and the coating pencil is resistant to artificial aging and has no chalking after 800 hours.
Example 6
In contrast to example 5, example 6 contained no silica and no polysiloxane particles, and the emulsion prepared was comparative. Wherein the modified silica sol dispersion is replaced by equivalent deionized water and no organosilicon emulsion is added subsequently; the other experimental formulations and procedures were the same as in example 5.
The amino modified silicone emulsion described in the above example is a mezzanine Y-20746, and the epoxy modified silicone emulsion is a self-made (prepared by emulsifying epoxy modified silicone oil);
the silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion prepared in the above examples 1-6 is prepared into a coating in an exterior wall building coating according to the following formula, and then a plate making test is carried out according to GB/T9755-2014, which is specifically shown in Table 1, and the thickening agent is preferably Rohm and Haas ASE 60; the defoaming agent is preferably hamming DF 7035; the pH regulator is preferably MA-95; the titanium dioxide is preferably DuPont R706; the film-forming auxiliary agent is preferably alcohol ester twelve; the sterilizing and preserving agent is preferably the dragon sand Proxel G20. The coating can also contain other emulsions with the mass fraction of 10-30%, and the performance of the coating is excellent.
The adopted basic formula comprises the following specific components in parts by weight:
TABLE 1 Properties of the paints prepared using the emulsions of examples 1-6
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps of:
firstly, modifying silica sol: uniformly mixing deionized water and silica sol, adding a silane coupling agent, and stirring at the temperature of 50-65 ℃ and the stirring speed of 200-400rpm for 3-6h to obtain modified silica sol, wherein the mass ratio of the deionized water to the silica sol to the silane coupling agent is 1-2:1-2: 0.03-0.1;
secondly, preparing silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion:
uniformly mixing 9-18 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.45-2.5 parts by mass of an emulsifier, adding 28-40 parts by mass of an acrylic monomer at the stirring speed of 300-600rpm, and continuously stirring for 10-30 minutes to form a pre-emulsion I;
uniformly mixing 2.25-4.5 parts by mass of deionized water and 0.11-0.23 part by mass of emulsifier, then adding 7-10 parts by mass of acrylic monomer and 1-3 parts by mass of functional monomer at the stirring speed of 300-600rpm, and then continuously stirring for 10-30 minutes to form a second pre-emulsion; the functional monomer is one or the combination of more than two of glycidyl methacrylate, acrylamide, urea hydroxymethyl acrylate or organosilicon monomer in any proportion, and the organosilicon monomer is organosilicon monomer UM-1770 and organosilicon monomer KH 570;
dissolving 3-6 parts by mass of initiator in 3.3-6.6 parts by mass of water to form a first initiator aqueous solution; dissolving 1-2 parts by mass of an initiator in 0.45-0.9 part by mass of deionized water to form a second initiator aqueous solution;
adding 25-40 parts by mass of the modified silica sol prepared in the first step, 0.5-2 parts by mass of sodium bicarbonate and 0.19-0.38 part by mass of emulsifier into a reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, heating to 80-85 ℃, simultaneously adding 3-10% of the total amount of the first pre-emulsion prepared in the first step and 3-10% of the total amount of the second initiator aqueous solution prepared in the third step, and preserving heat for 10-30 min; then, 80 percent of the total amount of the pre-emulsion I prepared in the step I and the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the step III is dripped, the dripping time is 2 to 3 hours, and the temperature is kept for 20 to 30 minutes after the dripping is finished;
fifthly, dropwise adding the pre-emulsion II prepared in the step II and the rest of the first initiator aqueous solution prepared in the step III for 1-1.5 hours;
sixthly, preserving the heat for 1 hour after the dropwise adding is finished, then cooling to 30-40 ℃, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 7-8 to obtain silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion;
thirdly, preparing the silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion: at room temperature, dripping the organic silicon emulsion into the silicon dioxide/acrylate nuclear shell structure emulsion prepared in the second step, and reacting for 3-12h at the temperature of 25-90 ℃ to obtain silicon dioxide/acrylate/polysiloxane composite emulsion; the mass ratio of the organic silicon emulsion to the silicon dioxide/acrylate core-shell structure emulsion prepared in the second step is 1: 5-1: 30.
2. the method for preparing a silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: the silane coupling agent in the first step is one or a combination of more than two of KH-570, KH560, KH550, A-151 or A-171 in any proportion.
3. The method for preparing a silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the silica sol in the step one is 20-35nm, the solid content is 30-40%, and the pH value is 4-6.
4. The method for preparing a silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: the acrylic monomer in the second step is one or a combination of more than two of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid in any proportion.
5. The method for preparing a silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the emulsifier is formed by mixing an anionic emulsifier, a nonionic emulsifier and a polymerizable emulsifier according to the mass ratio of 1-2:1-2: 1-2;
the anionic emulsifier is one or the combination of more than two of DNS-18, DNS-625, SW3001 and FSL 707; the non-ionic emulsifier is one or the random combination of more than two of DNS-900, 3016 or LGE-30; the polymerizable emulsifier is one or more of HAPS, SR-10 and ER-10 in any combination.
6. The method for preparing a silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion according to claim 1, wherein: the organic silicon emulsion is modified by amino or epoxy group with particle size of 20-150nm and solid content of 30-50%.
7. A silica-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion characterized by: prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The application of the silicon dioxide-acrylate-polysiloxane composite emulsion in the exterior wall building coating is characterized in that: the exterior wall building coating comprises 10-30% by mass of the emulsion prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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