CN112272069B - Satellite-to-ground time synchronization method and system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching - Google Patents
Satellite-to-ground time synchronization method and system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G04R20/00—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal
- G04R20/02—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal the radio signal being sent by a satellite, e.g. GPS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a satellite-to-ground time synchronization method and a system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization by adopting a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; according to the precision of the rough synchronization of satellite-ground signals, determining the searching range of ground received data in satellite-borne downlink data; in the determined searching range, starting to perform feature code calculation from the first chip of the feature code carried in the star uploading and downloading data until the whole searching range is traversed, and outputting a traversing result; solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result, and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value; and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as an accurate time synchronization position, and finishing the precise synchronization of the satellite-ground signals. The invention does not need to add synchronous light, and reduces the requirements for optical path equipment and resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quantum communication, and particularly relates to a satellite-to-ground time synchronization method and system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching.
Background
Quantum communication is a novel communication technology that uses quantum states as information carriers and performs transfer, and quantum key distribution is a typical application form of quantum communication. The quantum key distribution is based on quantum unclonable and quantum inseparable characteristics, and random number transmission is carried out by utilizing light quanta so as to realize high-security key distribution.
In general, the quantum key distribution adopts a synchronous light scheme to realize signal synchronization, namely, a special synchronous light path is needed besides a signal light path, and the synchronous light is used for judging the relative relation between the time position of a detector and the position of a transmission sequence, so that the time synchronization of a quantum communication sender and a quantum communication receiver in the communication process is ensured, and the base vector comparison of base vectors of the same photon state is ensured, and dislocation cannot occur. The time synchronization technology is a key technology of quantum key distribution, and determines whether a secure quantum key can be generated. For the method of adopting two paths to respectively transmit the quantum signal light and the synchronous light, which causes the waste of light path equipment and resources, the invention provides a satellite-to-ground time synchronization technology based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching, which does not need to increase the synchronous light and reduces the resource requirement on a satellite platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the satellite-ground time synchronization method and system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching are provided, synchronization light is not required to be added, and resource requirements on a satellite platform are reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching, which comprises the following steps:
performing satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization by adopting a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service;
according to the precision of the rough synchronization of satellite-ground signals, determining the searching range of ground received data in satellite-borne downlink data;
in the determined searching range, starting to perform feature code calculation from the first chip of the feature code carried in the star uploading and downloading data until the whole searching range is traversed, and outputting a traversing result;
solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result, and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value;
and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as an accurate time synchronization position, and finishing the precise synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the matching of the GNSS satellite time service and the feature code, the satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization is performed by adopting the second pulse of the GNSS satellite time service, and the method comprises the following steps: adopt the second pulse of GNSS satellite time service, advance the rough synchronization of planet ground signal, include:
the satellite terminal outputs a random number under the triggering of a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service;
the random numbers are respectively sent to ground receiving equipment through two links; the method comprises the steps of recording random numbers transmitted to ground data through a first link as satellite uplink and downlink data, and recording random numbers transmitted to the ground data through a second link as ground receiving data; the star uploading and downloading data are lossless data;
converting the data of the star uploading and downloading data, and extracting to obtain second time of the first standard world time;
performing data conversion on ground received data, and extracting to obtain second standard world time;
and performing rough synchronization on the planetary signals according to the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the matching of the GNSS satellite time service and the feature code, performing satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization according to the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time, the method comprises the following steps:
according to the standard time format of GNSS satellite time service: the method comprises the following steps: second, respectively acquiring specific values of second time of the first standard world time and second time of the second standard world time;
respectively determining the starting time of the second time of the first standard world time and the starting time of the second standard world time according to the obtained specific numerical values of the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time;
and aligning the second time of the first standard world time with the initial time of the second standard world time, and completing the rough synchronization of the ground received data and the satellite uplink and downlink data.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the matching of the GNSS satellite time service and the feature codes,
the first link is: satellite-ground data transmission links;
the second link is: satellite-to-ground optical links.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the GNSS satellite time service and the feature code matching, the feature code meets the following requirements:
1) For any data sequence encoded with 0, 1;
2) The probability of meeting the correct synchronization is more than or equal to 99.9 percent.
The satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the GNSS satellite time service and the feature code matching further comprises the following steps:
according to the second time of the first standard world time, solving to obtain the synchronous precision I of the on-board terminal and the standard world time by adopting a second time comparison mode;
according to the second time of the second standard world time, a second time comparison mode is adopted, and the synchronous precision II of the ground receiving equipment and the standard world time is obtained;
and taking the sum of the synchronous precision I and the synchronous precision II as the precision of the satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the matching of the GNSS satellite time service and the feature codes,
search range = accuracy of coarse synchronization of satellite-to-ground signals x transmission rate of the first link.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the matching of the GNSS satellite time service and the feature codes, according to the output traversal result, solving the maximum correlation value, and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value, the method comprises the following steps:
screening from the traversing result to obtain the maximum value of the feature code calculation as the maximum correlation value;
and determining the standard world time corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value.
In the satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on the GNSS satellite time service and the feature code matching, determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the accurate time synchronization position, and finishing the satellite-to-ground signal accurate synchronization, the method comprises the following steps:
and taking the standard world time corresponding to the maximum correlation value as an accurate time synchronization position, and performing secondary alignment of time synchronization to finish satellite-ground signal accurate synchronization.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a satellite-to-ground time synchronization system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching, which comprises the following steps:
the coarse synchronization module is used for performing coarse synchronization on satellite-ground signals by adopting the second pulse of GNSS satellite time service;
the searching range determining module is used for determining the searching range of the ground received data in the satellite-to-satellite downlink data according to the precision of the satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization;
the traversal module is used for calculating the feature codes from the first chip of the feature codes carried in the star uploading and downloading data in the determined search range until the whole search range is traversed, and outputting the traversal result;
the solving module is used for solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value;
and the fine synchronization module is used for determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the accurate time synchronization position and finishing the fine synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, synchronous light is not required to be added, so that the requirements on optical path equipment and resources are reduced;
(2) The invention realizes satellite-ground time synchronization based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching, and reduces the influence of different optical transmission channels on signal phase jitter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite timing and feature code matching in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a random number sequence at the star-top.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the satellite-to-earth time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching includes:
step 101, performing satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization by adopting a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service.
In the embodiment, the on-board terminal outputs a random number under the triggering of a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; the random numbers can be respectively transmitted to ground receiving equipment through two links; the random number sent to the ground data through the first link can be recorded as the satellite uplink and downlink data, and the random number sent to the ground data through the second link can be recorded as the ground receiving data. Further, data conversion is carried out on the star uploading and downloading data, and the second time of the first standard world time can be extracted; and carrying out data conversion on the ground received data, and extracting second time of the second standard world time. And finally, performing rough synchronization on the planetary signals according to the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time.
The GNSS satellite time service can be contained in a time service instruction sent to the on-board terminal by the satellite bus, and the instruction format comprises an absolute satellite time second high 16bit and an absolute satellite time second low 16bit. The random number source is data outside the effective precision of the on-board device, can be considered as the electrical noise or the thermal noise of the system, is a group of values with statistical unbiasedness and unpredictability, is independent of a certain algorithm, and has good confidentiality.
In this embodiment, the satellite uplink and downlink data are lossless data, and the ground data may be lossy in the transmission process. For example, the first link may be: satellite-ground data transmission links; the second link may be: satellite-to-ground optical links. After the random number is read by the on-board terminal, on one hand, the random number codes are utilized to drive corresponding lasers to output pulses, and the pulses are sent to ground receiving equipment through an on-board optical link; on the other hand, the random number codes are packed and sent to ground receiving equipment through a satellite-ground data transmission link. Wherein, the random number codes adopt BB84 protocol, each random number has 2bit code, the low bit represents random bit, the horizontal polarized photon is used for coding bit 0, the vertical polarized photon is used for coding bit 1; the upper bit represents the "base" used by the random bits, for the perpendicular orthogonal base, 0 polarization represents bit 0,90 polarization represents bit 1, for the diagonal base, +45 polarization represents bit 0, and-45 polarization represents bit 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the random number sequence of the satellite top is complete, and the ground side loses a part of information due to the loss of the satellite-to-ground optical link, so that the ground side data is compared with the satellite top data in the processing process, and the best matching position and the matching value thereof are obtained by adopting a maximum likelihood probability method under the condition of ensuring time synchronization.
Preferably, the specific flow of the coarse synchronization may be as follows: according to the standard time format HH of GNSS satellite time service: MM: SS seconds, respectively obtaining specific values of the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time; respectively determining the starting time of the second time of the first standard world time and the starting time of the second standard world time according to the obtained specific numerical values of the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time; and aligning the second time of the first standard world time with the initial time of the second standard world time, and completing the rough synchronization of the ground received data and the satellite uplink and downlink data.
Step 102, determining the searching range of the ground received data in the satellite-to-satellite downlink data according to the precision of the satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization.
In this embodiment, according to the second time of the first standard world time, a second time comparison mode is adopted to obtain the synchronization accuracy i of the satellite terminal and the standard world time; according to the second time of the second standard world time, a second time comparison mode is adopted, and the synchronous precision II of the ground receiving equipment and the standard world time is obtained; and finally, taking the sum of the synchronous precision I and the synchronous precision II as the precision of the satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization.
For example, the precision of the synchronization between the satellite terminal and the standard world time is better than 5 mu s, and the precision of the synchronization between the ground receiving device and the standard world time is better than 5 mu s, so that the precision of the synchronization between the satellite terminal and the ground receiving device is better than 10 mu s, namely the precision of the satellite signal coarse synchronization is better than 10 mu s. It can be seen that if the frequency of the quantum light emitted by the satellite terminal is 50MHz and the optical pulse width is 800ps, after the satellite-ground signal is roughly synchronized, there is still about 500 time uncertainty of the optical pulse sequence duration.
Further, the search range may be determined as follows: search range = accuracy of coarse synchronization of satellite-to-ground signals x transmission rate of the first link.
And 103, in the determined search range, starting to perform feature code calculation from the first chip of the feature code carried in the star uploading and downloading data until the whole search range is traversed, and outputting a traversing result.
In this embodiment, the feature code may be any known data sequence consisting of 0, 1 codes that satisfies the following requirements: the probability of correct synchronization is more than or equal to 99.9 percent. Further, the length of the signature can be determined by the probability of correct synchronization, and in the 0, 1 coding mode, the probability of correct synchronization is 99.9%, and 10 bits of signature length is usually required.
And 104, solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result, and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value.
In this embodiment, the maximum value calculated by the feature code may be obtained by screening from the traversal result, and used as the maximum correlation value; then, the standard universal time corresponding to the maximum correlation value is determined as the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value.
And 105, determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the accurate time synchronization position, and finishing the accurate synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
In this embodiment, the standard world time corresponding to the maximum correlation value is used as the accurate time synchronization position, and the secondary alignment of time synchronization is performed to complete the precise synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
As described above, although the time T of the second pulse received by the on-board terminal is different from the time T of the second pulse received by the ground receiving device, the coding order of the light pulses is determined. Still assuming that the frequency of the quantum light emitted by the on-board terminal is 50MHz and the light pulse width is 800ps, the emission time of the ith light pulse after the on-board terminal receives the second pulse T is determined, that is, the emission time is between [ t+i.20ns, t+i.20ns+800 ps ], and the time of the ground receiving device receiving the pulse is also determined, that is, the detection time is between [ t+i.20ns, t+i.20ns+800 ps ]. For the on-board terminal transmission signals i, j, k, etc. and the ground receiving apparatus detection signal I, J, K, etc., although the transmission and detection times of the signals are related to the pulses of seconds T and T, the pitch of the signals is not related to the pulses of seconds. The precise synchronization principle of satellite-ground signals based on search matching of IJK signals and IJK signals is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 schematic diagram of precise synchronization principle of satellite-ground signals
In the test, the terminal on the satellite transmits a random number code, and theoretically, the random code detected by the ground receiving equipment is the same as the random code transmitted on the satellite. Therefore, the random code detected by the ground receiving equipment is searched and matched in the random code downloaded by the transmitting end, so that accurate signal synchronization can be realized. The uncertainty of 10 mu s brought by GNSS satellite time service can be known, and the corresponding relation between the ground sequence IJK and the on-satellite sequence IJK can be determined by searching the feature codes of 500 light pulses, so that high-precision satellite-to-ground time synchronization is realized.
In the test, the probability that (random code, IJK) and (random code, IJK) are identical by accident is certain, and under the constraint of the IJK signal interval, the probability that any n bits in the random code sequence are identical due to the accident is shown in the following table 2:
| accidental identical digits | 1 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 10 |
| Probability of occurrence | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.001 |
TABLE 1 probability that random codes are accidentally identical
As shown in table 2 above, when the length of the random code is 10 bits, the probability of occurrence of erroneous synchronization due to chance is lower than 0.1%, and the satellite-to-ground time synchronization accuracy requirement can be satisfied.
On the basis of the embodiment, the invention also discloses a satellite-to-ground time synchronization system based on the matching of GNSS satellite time service and feature codes, which comprises the following steps: the coarse synchronization module is used for performing coarse synchronization on satellite-ground signals by adopting the second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; the searching range determining module is used for determining the searching range of the ground received data in the satellite-to-satellite downlink data according to the precision of the satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization; the traversal module is used for calculating the feature codes from the first chip of the feature codes carried in the star uploading and downloading data in the determined search range until the whole search range is traversed, and outputting the traversal result; the solving module is used for solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value; and the fine synchronization module is used for determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the accurate time synchronization position and finishing the fine synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
For the system embodiment, since it corresponds to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points are referred to the description of the method embodiment section.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make any possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical matters disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so any simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications to the embodiments described above according to the technical matters of the present invention are within the scope of the technical matters of the present invention.
What is not described in detail in the present specification belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization by adopting a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; comprising the following steps: the satellite terminal outputs a random number under the triggering of a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; the random numbers are respectively sent to ground receiving equipment through two links; the method comprises the steps of recording random numbers transmitted to ground data through a first link as satellite uplink and downlink data, and recording random numbers transmitted to the ground data through a second link as ground receiving data; the star uploading and downloading data are lossless data; converting the data of the star uploading and downloading data, and extracting to obtain second time of the first standard world time; performing data conversion on ground received data, and extracting to obtain second standard world time; performing coarse synchronization on the satellite signals according to the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time;
according to the precision of the rough synchronization of satellite-ground signals, determining the searching range of ground received data in satellite-borne downlink data;
in the determined searching range, starting to perform feature code calculation from the first chip of the feature code carried in the star uploading and downloading data until the whole searching range is traversed, and outputting a traversing result;
solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result, and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value;
and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as an accurate time synchronization position, and finishing the precise synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
2. The satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite timing matching with feature codes of claim 1, wherein performing satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization according to the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time comprises:
according to the standard time format of GNSS satellite time service: the method comprises the following steps: second, respectively acquiring specific values of second time of the first standard world time and second time of the second standard world time;
respectively determining the starting time of the second time of the first standard world time and the starting time of the second standard world time according to the obtained specific numerical values of the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time;
and aligning the second time of the first standard world time with the initial time of the second standard world time, and completing the rough synchronization of the ground received data and the satellite uplink and downlink data.
3. The satellite-to-earth time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite timing matching with feature codes of claim 1, wherein,
the first link is: satellite-ground data transmission links;
the second link is: satellite-to-ground optical links.
4. The satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching according to claim 1, wherein the feature code satisfies the following requirements:
1) For any data sequence encoded with 0, 1;
2) The probability of meeting the correct synchronization is more than or equal to 99.9 percent.
5. The satellite-to-earth time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite timing matching with feature codes of claim 1, further comprising:
according to the second time of the first standard world time, solving to obtain the synchronous precision I of the on-board terminal and the standard world time by adopting a second time comparison mode;
according to the second time of the second standard world time, a second time comparison mode is adopted, and the synchronous precision II of the ground receiving equipment and the standard world time is obtained;
and taking the sum of the synchronous precision I and the synchronous precision II as the precision of the satellite-ground signal coarse synchronization.
6. The method for satellite-to-earth time synchronization based on GNSS satellite timing matching with feature codes as claimed in claim 5, wherein,
search range = accuracy of coarse synchronization of satellite-to-ground signals x transmission rate of the first link.
7. The satellite-to-earth time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching according to claim 1, wherein solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value comprises:
screening from the traversing result to obtain the maximum value calculated by the feature code as the maximum correlation value;
and determining the standard world time corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value.
8. The satellite-to-ground time synchronization method based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching according to claim 1, wherein determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the accurate time synchronization position, and completing the satellite-to-ground signal fine synchronization, comprises:
and taking the standard world time corresponding to the maximum correlation value as an accurate time synchronization position, and performing secondary alignment of time synchronization to finish satellite-ground signal accurate synchronization.
9. A satellite-ground time synchronization system based on GNSS satellite time service and feature code matching is characterized by comprising:
the coarse synchronization module is used for performing coarse synchronization on satellite-ground signals by adopting the second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; comprising the following steps: the satellite terminal outputs a random number under the triggering of a second pulse of GNSS satellite time service; the random numbers are respectively sent to ground receiving equipment through two links; the method comprises the steps of recording random numbers transmitted to ground data through a first link as satellite uplink and downlink data, and recording random numbers transmitted to the ground data through a second link as ground receiving data; the star uploading and downloading data are lossless data; converting the data of the star uploading and downloading data, and extracting to obtain second time of the first standard world time; performing data conversion on ground received data, and extracting to obtain second standard world time; performing coarse synchronization on the satellite signals according to the second time of the first standard world time and the second time of the second standard world time;
the searching range determining module is used for determining the searching range of the ground received data in the satellite-to-satellite downlink data according to the precision of the satellite-to-ground signal coarse synchronization;
the traversal module is used for calculating the feature codes from the first chip of the feature codes carried in the star uploading and downloading data in the determined search range until the whole search range is traversed, and outputting the traversal result;
the solving module is used for solving the maximum correlation value according to the output traversal result and determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value;
and the fine synchronization module is used for determining the position corresponding to the maximum correlation value as the accurate time synchronization position and finishing the fine synchronization of the satellite-ground signals.
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