CN112271460B - A millimeter-wave terahertz circular polarizer with a planar phase-shifting structure - Google Patents
A millimeter-wave terahertz circular polarizer with a planar phase-shifting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112271460B CN112271460B CN202011153109.0A CN202011153109A CN112271460B CN 112271460 B CN112271460 B CN 112271460B CN 202011153109 A CN202011153109 A CN 202011153109A CN 112271460 B CN112271460 B CN 112271460B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种平面移相结构毫米波太赫兹圆极化器，属于微波天线技术领域。该圆极化器在圆波导的内壁设有至少两组凸起结构，每组凸起结构均包括正对且镜像对称的两个凸起平台；各组凸起结构在圆波导的周向上具有夹角；所述凸起平台的顶面和圆波导内壁之间设有过渡；在圆波导的轴向上，每组凸起结构不交叠。本发明具有结构简单，能够一体加工成型，在毫米波太赫兹波段加工易于实现的特点。
The present invention discloses a millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer with a planar phase-shifting structure, which belongs to the field of microwave antenna technology. The circular polarizer is provided with at least two groups of protruding structures on the inner wall of a circular waveguide, and each group of protruding structures includes two protruding platforms that are directly opposite and mirror-symmetrical; each group of protruding structures has an angle in the circumferential direction of the circular waveguide; a transition is provided between the top surface of the protruding platform and the inner wall of the circular waveguide; and each group of protruding structures does not overlap in the axial direction of the circular waveguide. The present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, can be integrally processed and formed, and is easy to process in the millimeter wave terahertz band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to a millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer with a planar phase-shifting structure.
Background
With the development of modern society and radio communication technology, frequency band resources become more and more a precious resource, research and development of new frequency band application are urgent, millimeter waves and terahertz are widely paid attention, and antennas, which are the front-end devices of all wireless communication systems, become one of main research objects of millimeter wave and terahertz technologies. The function of the antenna is to realize the transmission and the reception of signals, and the performance of the antenna is directly related to the performance of the whole antenna system. In some special fields such as satellite communication, radio astronomy, electronic countermeasure and the like, the linear polarization form often cannot meet the requirements of a communication system, and the circular polarization antenna has the characteristics of resisting rain and fog interference, receiving and transmitting waves with arbitrary polarization and the like, so that the circular polarization antenna is widely applied.
With the rapid development of the communication industry, particularly in the satellite communication industry, various types of circularly polarized antennas are widely used in order to meet the development needs of communication systems. The waveguide circular polarizer is used as a microwave device capable of generating circular polarization signals, has the advantages of low loss, high power capacity and the like compared with a microstrip circular polarizer under the condition of high power, and can be well adapted to the requirements of an antenna system, so that the waveguide circular polarizer is more and more favored by vast scientific researchers and engineering designers, and various types of circular polarizers are designed and widely applied to the communication fields of satellite communication, electronic countermeasure, radar, radio astronomy and the like.
In the communication fields of satellite communication, radio astronomy and the like, circularly polarized reflecting surface antennas mainly in the form of paraboloids in ground base stations are widely used, and circular polarizers are used as important components in antenna feed systems and are used for converting linear polarized signals into circular polarized signals in a certain mode or separating received circular polarized signals into linear polarized signals in a certain mode. Therefore, it is important to improve the performance of the entire antenna system to design a circular polarizer having excellent performance.
The types of the commonly used waveguide circular polarizers are screw adjusting type, medium inserting sheet type, corrugated type, diaphragm type, ridge waveguide type and the like. However, due to the high frequency of the frequency range of millimeter waves and terahertz waves, theoretical research and actual measurement of processing need to be considered in combination. Meanwhile, the processing technology of millimeter wave and terahertz passive waveguide devices also limits the specific physical molding to a great extent, and the waveguide circular polarizers of the type have the problems that the processing is difficult to realize, the processing difficulty is difficult to ensure and the difference between the test and the theoretical calculation after the processing molding is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a plane phase-shifting structure millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer which has the characteristics of simple structure, capability of integrally processing and forming, and easiness in processing in a millimeter wave terahertz wave band.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A planar phase-shifting structure millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer comprises a circular waveguide, a first flange plate and a second flange plate, wherein the first flange plate and the second flange plate are positioned at the front end and the tail end of the circular waveguide, at least two groups of protruding structures are arranged on the inner wall of the circular waveguide, each group of protruding structures comprises two protruding platforms which are opposite to each other and are in mirror symmetry, each group of protruding structures has an included angle in the circumferential direction of the circular waveguide, transition is arranged between the top surface of each protruding platform and the inner wall of the circular waveguide, and each group of protruding structures do not overlap in the axial direction of the circular waveguide.
Further, the transition is a step structure or a smooth curved surface.
The beneficial effects generated by adopting the technical scheme are as follows:
1. Compared with the traditional mode, the structure of the invention is simpler, does not comprise any phase shifting unit with tiny structure size, realizes circular polarization only by changing the shape of the circular waveguide wall, can be integrally processed and molded, and is suitable for batch production.
2. The circular polarization function is realized mainly by adjusting the length of the raised platform, the distance between the raised platform and the axis of the circular waveguide and the included angle between each set of raised structures, and the circular polarization device does not comprise a phase shifting unit with a micro structure, overcomes the defect that the conventional circular polarizer is difficult to realize in millimeter wave and terahertz wave band processing, and has the advantages of simple structure, excellent electrical property and applicability to the millimeter wave terahertz wave band.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a view of section A-A in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a view of section B-B in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a view of section C-C in fig. 2.
FIG. 6 is a view of section D-D of FIG. 2
Fig. 7 is a reflection loss of a vertically polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a reflection loss of a horizontally polarized wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a transmission phase difference of two polarized waves of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a circular polarization axis ratio of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a circular waveguide, 2-1, a first convex platform, 2-2, a second convex platform, 3-1, a third convex platform, 3-2, a fourth convex platform, 4, a transition from a first convex structure to a circular waveguide wall, 5, a transition from a second convex structure to a circular waveguide wall, 6-1 a first flange plate and 6-2 a second flange plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
A planar phase-shifting structure millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer comprises a circular waveguide, a first flange plate and a second flange plate, wherein the first flange plate and the second flange plate are positioned at the front end and the tail end of the circular waveguide, at least two groups of protruding structures are arranged on the inner wall of the circular waveguide, each group of protruding structures comprises two protruding platforms which are opposite to each other and are in mirror symmetry, each group of protruding structures has an included angle in the circumferential direction of the circular waveguide, transition is arranged between the top surface of each protruding platform and the inner wall of the circular waveguide, and each group of protruding structures do not overlap in the axial direction of the circular waveguide.
Further, the transition is a step structure or a smooth curved surface.
The following is a more specific example:
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment includes a circular waveguide 1, a first raised platform 2-1, a second raised platform 2-2, a third raised platform 3-1, a fourth raised platform 3-2, a first raised platform 2-1 and a second raised platform 2-2 to circular waveguide wall transition 4, a third raised platform 3-1 and a fourth raised platform 3-2 to circular waveguide wall transition 5, a first flange 6-1 and a second flange 6-2.
The first, second, third and fourth raised platforms are arranged at specific positions of the circular waveguide wall.
The first convex platform and the second convex platform are opposite and are in mirror symmetry to form a first convex structure, the third convex platform and the fourth convex platform are opposite and are in mirror symmetry to form a second convex structure, an included angle is formed between the first convex structure and the second convex structure, and transformation between the first convex platform, the second convex platform, the third convex platform and the fourth convex platform and the circular waveguide wall is realized through gradual transition.
The lengths of the first convex platform and the second convex platform as well as the lengths of the third convex platform and the fourth convex platform can be the same or different.
The lengths of the first, second raised platform and the third and fourth raised platform are generally greater than 0.25λ (λ is the free space wavelength of the center frequency), so as to ensure that there is a sufficient phase shift between the two orthogonally polarized waves.
The distances between the first convex platform and the third convex platform as well as between the first convex platform and the fourth convex platform and the axis of the circular waveguide can be the same or different.
The distance between the first and second convex platforms and the third and fourth convex platforms and the axis of the circular waveguide is generally greater than 3/4 of the radius of the circular waveguide, so that the transition from the plane to the circular waveguide wall is facilitated, and the circular waveguide wall has good matching performance.
The included angles between the first and second convex platforms and the third and fourth convex platforms can be any value according to the design, and the included angles are generally obtained by optimizing the design.
The transformation between the first, second, third and fourth convex platforms and the circular waveguide wall is realized by gradual transition, and the transition can be straight line or curve so as to realize good impedance matching as a design target.
The distance between the first and second convex platforms and the third and fourth convex platforms can be any value according to design, and the distance is obtained according to optimization.
The circular waveguide can well transmit the working frequency, and the caliber of the circular waveguide is selected on the principle that the working frequency is more than 1.1 times of the cutoff frequency of the circular waveguide.
The flanges are positioned at two ends of the circular waveguide and used for being connected with other components.
The electrical transmission performance of the cable is verified, and the cable is concretely as follows:
Fig. 7 shows the reflection loss of the vertically polarized wave in the frequency band, and it can be seen that the vertically polarized reflection loss is < -25dB in the designed bandwidth.
Fig. 8 shows the reflection loss for horizontal polarization in the frequency band, and it can be seen that the reflection loss for horizontal polarization is < -24dB over the designed bandwidth.
Fig. 9 shows the phase difference of two orthogonally polarized waves in the frequency band, and it can be seen that the phase difference satisfies 90 deg. ±8° within the designed bandwidth.
Fig. 10 shows the corresponding circularly polarized axial ratio in the frequency band, it can be seen that the axial ratio <1dB is within the designed bandwidth.
As can be seen from the results, compared with the prior art, the embodiment has the advantages of very simple structure, excellent performance, and suitability for millimeter wave and terahertz application, and can be integrally processed and molded.
The brief working principle of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
The linear polarized wave can be decomposed into two equal-amplitude in-phase linear polarized waves, and the circular polarized wave can be decomposed into two equal-amplitude linear polarized waves with a phase difference of 90 degrees. When two equal-amplitude in-phase linear polarized waves are input from a circular waveguide port of a circular polarizer, the propagation constants of the two linear polarized waves in the circular waveguide are different by changing the shape of the circular waveguide wall, and the first, second, third and fourth convex platforms are adjusted in length to form a circular polarization by adjusting the distance between the first, second, third and fourth convex platforms and the axis of the circular waveguide, wherein the included angles between the first, second, third and fourth convex platforms are equal in amplitude and 90 DEG in phase difference after the two polarized waves pass through the circular polarizer.
Claims (1)
1. The millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer with the planar phase shifting structure comprises a circular waveguide, a first flange plate and a second flange plate which are positioned at the head end and the tail end of the circular waveguide, and is characterized in that at least two groups of protruding structures are arranged on the inner wall of the circular waveguide, each group of protruding structures comprises two protruding platforms which are opposite to each other and are in mirror symmetry;
the transition is a step structure or a smooth curved surface;
The length of the convex platform is larger than 0.25λ, λ is the free space wavelength of the central frequency, and the distance between the convex platform and the axis of the circular waveguide is larger than 3/4 of the radius of the circular waveguide.
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| CN213242814U (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-05-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer with planar phase-shift structure |
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| US6097264A (en) * | 1998-06-25 | 2000-08-01 | Channel Master Llc | Broad band quad ridged polarizer |
| JP2000049503A (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-18 | New Japan Radio Co Ltd | Circularly polarized wave generator |
| KR20020060281A (en) * | 2001-01-10 | 2002-07-18 | 송재인 | Circularly polarized wave generator |
| US20110057849A1 (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2011-03-10 | Orbit Communication Ltd. | Dynamic polarization adjustment for a ground station antenna |
| CN108808262A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of four ridge waveguide circular polarizer of broadband |
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| CN213242814U (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-05-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Millimeter wave terahertz circular polarizer with planar phase-shift structure |
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