CN112268736B - A multifunctional soil taking device - Google Patents
A multifunctional soil taking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112268736B CN112268736B CN202011164110.3A CN202011164110A CN112268736B CN 112268736 B CN112268736 B CN 112268736B CN 202011164110 A CN202011164110 A CN 202011164110A CN 112268736 B CN112268736 B CN 112268736B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/041—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
本发明提供一种多功能取土装置，包括取土系统、电阻率测试系统、土体强度测试系统、外壳和控制器；所述取土系统包括取土管；所述取土管设置在外壳内；所述电阻率测试系统设有多个环形电极，多个所述环形电极从上至下通过绝缘塑料层安装在外壳的内壁；所述电阻率测试系统与控制器连接；所述土体强度测试系统包括步进电机、扭力传感器和剪切机构；所述步进电机与外壳的上部连接，所述剪切机构安装在外壳上，所述扭力传感器分别与步进电机和控制器连接。本发明既可在原位土上快速测量电阻率和土体的抗剪强度，又可进行土的取样工作，集多个功能于一体，大大提高了地质勘察的效率，且节约试验成本。
The present invention provides a multifunctional soil sampling device, including a soil sampling system, a resistivity testing system, a soil strength testing system, a shell and a controller; the soil sampling system includes a soil sampling tube; the soil sampling tube is arranged in the shell; the resistivity testing system is provided with a plurality of annular electrodes, and the plurality of annular electrodes are installed on the inner wall of the shell from top to bottom through an insulating plastic layer; the resistivity testing system is connected to the controller; the soil strength testing system includes a stepper motor, a torque sensor and a shearing mechanism; the stepper motor is connected to the upper part of the shell, the shearing mechanism is installed on the shell, and the torque sensor is respectively connected to the stepper motor and the controller. The present invention can not only quickly measure the resistivity and the shear strength of the soil on the in-situ soil, but also perform soil sampling work, integrating multiple functions into one, greatly improving the efficiency of geological survey, and saving test costs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a multifunctional soil sampling device.
Background
In the geotechnical engineering detection process, soil samples are often required to be collected, so that geotechnical tests are carried out on soil samples of different strata to know the physical and mechanical properties of the soil samples. However, different engineering areas have different geological conditions, different detection projects have different requirements on soil sampling depth and soil sample size, and soil sample quality is classified into I, II, III, IV stages according to the purpose of available test. The soil sample of class I can be subjected to soil classification, water content, density, strength and consolidation test, the soil sample of class II can be subjected to slight disturbance and soil classification, water content and density test, the soil sample of class III can be subjected to obvious disturbance and soil classification and water content test, and the soil sample of class IV can be subjected to complete disturbance and soil classification as far as possible.
The resistivity of the soil is a basic parameter for representing the conductivity of the soil body, is an inherent physical index of the soil and depends on the porosity, pore shape, pore water resistivity, saturation, water content, solid particle components and the like of the soil. In the field of geotechnical engineering investigation and environmental geotechnical engineering, the resistivity parameter of a soil layer is an important physical index. In the field of geotechnical engineering investigation, in order to determine the non-drainage shear strength of saturated soft clay, the non-drainage shear strength of remolded soil and the sensitivity of soil body, an in-situ cross plate shear test is generally adopted.
The soil sampler is widely applied to the fields of geotechnical engineering investigation and environmental geotechnical engineering, but has single functions, so that the application range of the soil sampler is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the soil sampling device capable of measuring the resistivity, which can be used for rapidly measuring the resistivity and the shear strength of soil on in-situ soil, can be used for sampling soil, integrates a plurality of functions, has the functions of synchronously measuring the resistivity, the shear strength and the soil sampling, greatly improves the geological investigation efficiency, and saves the test cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme that the multifunctional undisturbed soil sampler comprises a soil sampling system, a resistivity testing system, a soil body strength testing system, a shell and a controller;
the soil sampling system comprises a soil sampling pipe, wherein the soil sampling pipe is arranged in the shell;
the resistivity test system is provided with a plurality of annular electrodes, and the annular electrodes are arranged on the inner wall of the shell from top to bottom through insulating plastic layers;
The soil body strength testing system comprises a stepping motor, a torsion sensor and a shearing mechanism, wherein the stepping motor is connected with the upper part of the shell, the shearing mechanism is arranged on the shell, and the torsion sensor is respectively connected with the stepping motor and the controller.
In the scheme, the resistivity testing system comprises a first annular electrode, a second annular electrode, a third annular electrode and a fourth annular electrode, wherein the first annular electrode, the second annular electrode, the third annular electrode and the fourth annular electrode are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the shell from top to bottom through insulating plastic layers.
Further, the shell is provided with a hollow interlayer, a circuit and a signal processing system are arranged in the hollow interlayer, and the signal processing system is connected with the controller through the circuit and the resistivity testing system respectively.
Further, the signal processing system comprises an A/D signal converter, a current filter, a voltage filter and a voltage amplifier;
The first ring electrode, the fourth ring electrode, the current amplifier and the current filter are connected in series, the second ring electrode, the third ring electrode, the voltage amplifier and the voltage filter are connected in series, and the two series circuits are connected in parallel and convert a current signal into a digital signal through the A/D signal converter to be sent to the controller.
In the above scheme, the distances between the adjacent ring electrodes are equal.
In the scheme, the shearing mechanism comprises four shearing plates, and the four shearing plates are arranged on the shell in a pair of opposite modes.
In the scheme, the stepping motor is connected with the upper part of the shell through the extension rod.
Further, the hydraulic device is arranged on the extension rod.
In the scheme, the upper part of the shell is provided with the drainage channel, the drainage channel is internally provided with the spherical valve, one end of the drainage channel is communicated with the soil sampling pipe, and the other end of the drainage channel is communicated with the outside.
In the scheme, the soil sampling pipe can be split left and right.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention can continuously test the soil resistivity and the shear strength of the soil body in the in-situ test, can realize soil sampling at the same time, integrates a plurality of functions, greatly improves the efficiency of geological investigation and saves the test cost. The traditional soil sampler is improved, disturbance of soil in the soil sampling process is greatly reduced, in-situ measurement is carried out on the resistivity of the soil layer on site, and the accuracy of resistivity measurement is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multifunctional soil sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a soil sampling pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an opened schematic view of a soil sampling tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The hydraulic oil pump is characterized by comprising a controller, a stepping motor, a torsion sensor, a hydraulic device, a circuit, a lengthening rod, a 7A/D signal converter, a water drain hole, a 9 spherical valve, a 10 current filter, a 11 first annular electrode, a 12 voltage filter, a 13 soil taking pipe, a 14 second annular electrode, a 15 hollow interlayer, a 16 insulating paint, a 17 current amplifier, a 18 third annular electrode, a 19 fourth annular electrode, a 20 insulating plastic layer, a 21 shearing plate, a 22 hollow interlayer outer wall, a 23 hollow interlayer inner wall, a 25 soil taking pipe inner portion, a 26 soil taking pipe, a 27 bolt I and a 28 bolt II.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional undisturbed soil sampler, which comprises a soil sampling system, a resistivity testing system, a soil body strength testing system, a housing and a controller 1.
The soil sampling system comprises a soil sampling pipe 26, the soil sampling pipe 26 is arranged in a shell, the resistivity testing system is provided with a plurality of annular electrodes, the annular electrodes are sequentially and equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the shell from top to bottom through insulating plastic layers 20, the resistivity testing system is connected with a controller 1, the soil body strength testing system comprises a stepping motor 2, a torsion sensor 3 and a shearing mechanism, the stepping motor 2 is connected with the upper portion of the shell, the shearing mechanism is arranged on the shell, and the torsion sensor 3 is respectively connected with the stepping motor 2 and the controller 1.
The resistivity test system comprises four copper ring electrodes, namely a first ring electrode 11, a second ring electrode 14, a third ring electrode 18 and a fourth ring electrode 19, wherein the first ring electrode 11, the second ring electrode 14, the third ring electrode 18 and the fourth ring electrode 19 are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the shell from top to bottom through an insulating plastic layer 20.
The shell is provided with a hollow interlayer 15 and comprises a hollow interlayer outer wall 22 and a hollow interlayer inner wall 23, a circuit 5 and a signal processing system are arranged in the hollow interlayer 15, and the signal processing system is connected with the controller 1 through the circuit 5 respectively through a resistivity test system.
The signal processing system comprises an A/D signal converter 7, a current filter 10, a voltage filter 12 and a voltage amplifier 13, wherein the first annular electrode 11, the fourth annular electrode 19, the current amplifier 17 and the current filter 10 are connected in series, the second annular electrode 14, the third annular electrode 18, the voltage amplifier 13 and the voltage filter 12 are connected in series, and the two series circuits are connected in parallel and convert a current signal into a digital signal through the A/D signal converter 7 and send the digital signal to the controller 1.
The distance between the adjacent annular electrodes on the soil sampling pipe 26 is equal.
The shearing mechanism comprises four shearing plates 21, and the four shearing plates 21 are arranged on the shell in pairs.
The stepper motor 2 is connected with the upper part of the shell through an extension rod 6 in a threaded manner.
Also comprises a hydraulic device 4, wherein the hydraulic device 4 is arranged on an extension rod 6.
The upper part of the shell is provided with a drainage channel 8, a spherical valve 9 is arranged in the drainage channel 8, one end of the drainage channel 8 is communicated with a soil sampling pipe 26, and the other end of the drainage channel is communicated with the outside. The drainage channel 8 is used for draining groundwater in deep soil, the spherical valve 9 is originally used for blocking the drainage channel 8, when the groundwater enters the soil taking pipe 26, the pressure of water flushes the sphere of the spherical valve 9, the drainage channel 8 is opened, and after the water flows out of the soil taking device through the drainage channel 8, the sphere of the spherical valve 9 is returned to the original position to block the outlet of the drainage channel 8.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the soil sampling pipe 26 can be opened in a left-right direction, and the soil sampling pipe interior 25 is used for sampling soil. Specifically, the lower part of the soil sampling pipe 26 is provided with a symmetrical bolt I27 and a symmetrical bolt II28, and when the soil sampling pipe 26 is sent to a laboratory, the soil sampling pipe can be disassembled in a split mode, and the soil sampling pipe is also beneficial to less disturbance and better obtaining of parameters of soil.
The working process of the invention comprises the following steps:
Firstly, a soil body to be tested is punched through a deep hole drilling machine, after the soil body is punched to a measured depth, the device is driven into the soil body to the bottom of the hole by using a hydraulic device 4, and after the soil body is inserted to a preset depth. And a constant current power supply is started, a sine wave test current with the frequency of 65Hz and the effective value of 0-5A is input to the first annular electrode 11 and the fourth annular electrode 19, the current flows into the second annular electrode 14 and the third annular electrode 18 through the peripheral soil body, and a voltage is formed between the second annular electrode 14 and the third annular electrode 18.
The distance between the adjacent ring electrodes on the soil sampling pipe 26 is a, and an insulating plastic layer 20 is arranged between the ring electrodes and outside the ring electrodes. The voltage amplifier 13 amplifies the voltage between the second ring electrode 14 and the third ring electrode 18 and sends the amplified voltage to the voltage filter 12, and the current amplifier 17 amplifies the current signals measured by the second ring electrode 14 and the third ring electrode 18 and sends the amplified current signals to the current filter 10. The voltage filter 12 and the current filter 10 are used for filtering interference signals, only allow effective signals to pass through, and then transmit to the a/D signal converter 7, and the a/D signal converter 7 converts voltage and current analog signals into digital signals and then transmits the digital signals to the controller 1. The controller 1 calculates and processes the obtained voltage and current data to obtain a resistivity value, and the measurement result is displayed through the LED screen.
Soil resistivity was calculated by the following formula:
ρ -soil resistivity (Ω·m),
A-the distance between the two electrodes (m),
U is the voltage V between the second ring electrode 14 and the third ring electrode 18,
I is the current a between the second ring electrode 14 and the third ring electrode 18.
After measuring the resistivity of the soil, the stepping motor 2 is electrified to drive the shell and the shearing plate 21 to rotate clockwise, the extension rods 6 are also connected in a clockwise rotating way, and the connection between the extension rods 6 is not influenced when the whole body rotates. The data are read out by a torsion sensor 3 connected with a stepping motor 2 and transmitted to a ground controller 1, and the shear strength of the soil body is calculated and displayed on an LED screen. Wherein the height of the shear plate 21 is H, and the diameter of the plate head of the shear plate 21 is D.
The undisturbed soil shear strength is calculated by the following formula:
Cu＝10K'ξRy,
c u -undisturbed soil shear strength (kPa),
K' -a constant (cm -3) related to the size of the shear-plate head,
D, cutting the diameter (cm) of the plate head,
H-shear plate head height (cm),
Xi-calibration coefficient of the shear-plate head sensor,
R y -reading of strain upon shear failure of undisturbed soil (. Mu. ε).
The exterior of the soil pick-up tube 26 is coated with an insulating paint 16 and the top thread is designed to be attached to the upper end of the interior of the housing. The lower part of the soil sampling pipe 26 is provided with a symmetrical bolt I27 and a symmetrical bolt II28, when the soil sampling pipe 26 is sent to a laboratory, the soil sampling pipe can be disassembled in a split mode, and the soil sampling pipe is also beneficial to less disturbance and better obtaining parameters of soil.
The invention integrates the resistivity in-situ test technology and the shear strength in-situ test on the soil sampler, has the functions of synchronously testing the resistivity of soil, the strength of soil and soil sampling, is convenient for in-situ measurement of the resistivity of a field soil layer and effectively improves the accuracy of resistivity measurement.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| CN202011164110.3A CN112268736B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | A multifunctional soil taking device |
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| CN202011164110.3A CN112268736B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | A multifunctional soil taking device |
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| CN112268736B true CN112268736B (en) | 2025-02-18 |
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| CN113176135B (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2022-06-10 | 长沙理工大学 | Full-automatic integrated shearing instrument |
| CN114199614A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-03-18 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | An open soil extractor |
| CN114739784B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2025-02-25 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A spherical static penetration test device and method for simultaneously measuring the strength and sensitivity of soft clay |
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| CN214334272U (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏大学 | Multifunctional soil sampling device |
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| GB1102740A (en) * | 1965-08-09 | 1968-02-07 | Stichting Waterbouwkundig Lab | Improvements relating to soil measurements |
| CN105738225B (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2018-11-20 | 北京雷雨达科技有限公司 | Deep hole rock/upper home position testing method and test machine people |
| CN110186780B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2024-07-30 | 中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | High-precision drilling shearing test device and method |
| CN110726821B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2021-11-23 | 南京林业大学 | Device for testing expansibility and shear strength of carbonized soil in carbonization process of magnesium oxide solidified soil |
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