CN112262686B - Active and passive solar heat storage and release wall - Google Patents
Active and passive solar heat storage and release wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN112262686B CN112262686B CN202010981878.3A CN202010981878A CN112262686B CN 112262686 B CN112262686 B CN 112262686B CN 202010981878 A CN202010981878 A CN 202010981878A CN 112262686 B CN112262686 B CN 112262686B
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- heat
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
- F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种主被动式太阳能蓄热释热墙体，其包括：保温层、骨架层、相变材料层、风道和重力热管，保温层、骨架层和相变材料层由外至内依次设置；重力热管包括热管冷凝段管栅和热管蒸发段管栅，热管蒸发段管栅设置在保温层上且位于保温层的外侧，热管冷凝段管栅设置在相变材料层内；风道设置在骨架层与相变材料层之间的墙体内，风道的进风口位于所述风道的下端且所述进风口穿过相变材料层与室内空间相连通，风道的出风口位于所述风道的上端且所述出风口穿过相变材料层与室内空间相连通。本发明能够更大限度的将白天的热量储存在墙体中，晚上风道内形成热压，墙体内部存储的热量通过对流换热的方式送出墙外得以利用。
The invention discloses an active and passive solar heat storage and heat release wall, which comprises: a thermal insulation layer, a skeleton layer, a phase change material layer, an air duct and a gravity heat pipe. The thermal insulation layer, the skeleton layer and the phase change material layer are from outside to inside are arranged in sequence; the gravity heat pipe includes a heat pipe condensation section tube grid and a heat pipe evaporation section tube grid, the heat pipe evaporation section tube grid is arranged on the insulation layer and is located outside the insulation layer, and the heat pipe condensation section tube grid is arranged in the phase change material layer; the air duct It is arranged in the wall between the skeleton layer and the phase change material layer, the air inlet of the air duct is located at the lower end of the air duct and the air inlet is connected to the indoor space through the phase change material layer, and the air outlet of the air duct is connected to the indoor space. The air outlet is located at the upper end of the air duct and communicates with the indoor space through the phase change material layer. The invention can store the heat in the wall to a greater extent during the day, and form a hot pressure in the air duct at night, and the heat stored in the wall can be sent out of the wall by means of convection heat exchange for utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wall for a building, in particular to an active and passive solar heat storage and release wall.
Background
The sunlight greenhouse is an agricultural building, and is characterized by that its figure coefficient is large, and it can absorb solar energy to produce greenhouse effect so as to improve the vegetable planting environment in winter. The building space is composed of enclosing structures such as walls (north, east and west walls), a rear roof, a front roof (a film, a heat-insulating covering and the like), a soil ground and the like. The geometric size of the building space, the wall construction mode, the thermophysical property of the building material and the like of the sunlight greenhouse directly influence the illumination, heat preservation, heat storage and heat release characteristics in the greenhouse. The solar greenhouse building wall, especially the north wall, integrates solar heat collection, heat storage, heat preservation and heat release, the thermal performance of the building directly influences the construction of the greenhouse heat environment, and the solar energy is passively utilized as an important heating element for heating the greenhouse and maintaining the necessary heat environment for the growth of greenhouse crops at night. A number of measurements have shown that 1/3 of solar radiation entering the greenhouse through the front roofing membrane of the solar greenhouse projects onto the north wall surface of the solar greenhouse. Therefore, the good heat preservation performance and heat storage and release performance of the north wall body are important guarantees for improving the utilization rate of solar energy of sunlight temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an active and passive solar heat storage and release wall, which can store heat in the daytime to the greatest extent, form hot pressure in an air duct at night, and send the heat stored in the wall out of the wall in a convection heat exchange mode for utilization.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an active and passive solar heat storage and release wall body is characterized by comprising: the heat insulation layer, the framework layer and the phase change material layer are sequentially arranged from outside to inside;
the gravity heat pipe comprises a heat pipe condensation section pipe grid and a heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid, the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid is arranged on the heat insulation layer and positioned on the outer side of the heat insulation layer, and the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid is arranged in the phase change material layer;
the air duct is arranged in the wall body between the framework layer and the phase-change material layer, the air inlet of the air duct is located at the lower end of the air duct and communicated with the indoor space after penetrating through the phase-change material layer, and the air outlet of the air duct is located at the upper end of the air duct and communicated with the indoor space after penetrating through the phase-change material layer.
The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized by further comprising a solar heat collector, a water tank and a heat exchange pipeline, wherein one end of the heat exchange pipeline is communicated with a water outlet of the water tank, the other end of the heat exchange pipeline is communicated with a water inlet of the solar heat collector, a water outlet of the solar heat collector is communicated with a water inlet of the water tank, and the heat exchange pipeline is arranged in the phase change material layer.
The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized in that the heat exchange pipeline is a PVC pipe, and the heat exchange pipeline is located at the lower part of the phase change material layer.
The active-passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized in that a control valve for controlling the circulation of working media between the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid and the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid is arranged at the connecting section of the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid and the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid.
The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized in that the working medium in the gravity heat pipe is methanol.
The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized in that the heat insulation layer is made of glass wool in a filling mode.
The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized in that the phase change material layer is made of a composite phase change material of hexadecanol, decanoic acid and fly ash.
The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall is characterized in that the framework layer is a building block wall.
The wall of the sunlight greenhouse adopts the active and passive solar heat storage and release wall.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention stores the heat energy in the daytime into the wall body to the maximum extent through the gravity heat pipe, and then transmits the heat energy of the wall body to the indoor at night, thereby improving the indoor temperature at night.
2. The heat discharge circulating power is formed in the air duct through hot pressing, energy input is not needed, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
3. The invention also utilizes the solar heat collector to combine renewable solar energy and high heat storage materials with the wall body of the sunlight greenhouse to form a novel energy-saving and heat-insulating sunlight greenhouse wall body.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the wall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the wall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the wall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the solar greenhouse of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10-insulating layer; 20-a framework layer; 30-a phase change material layer;
40-an air duct; 50-gravity heat pipe;
51-a heat pipe condensation section pipe grid; 52-a heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid;
53-control valve; 60-a solar heat collector; 61-a water tank;
62-heat exchange line.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an active and passive solar heat storage and release wall includes: the heat insulation layer 10, the framework layer 20, the phase change material layer 30, the air duct 40 and the gravity assisted heat pipe 50 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside;
the gravity heat pipe 50 comprises a heat pipe condensation section pipe grid 51 and a heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52, the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52 is arranged on the heat preservation layer 10 and located on the outer side of the heat preservation layer 10, and the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid is arranged in the phase change material layer 30;
the air duct 40 is disposed in a wall body between the framework layer 20 and the phase-change material layer 30, an air inlet of the air duct 40 is located at the lower end of the air duct 40 and communicated with the indoor space through the phase-change material layer 30, and an air outlet of the air duct 40 is located at the upper end of the air duct 40 and communicated with the indoor space through the phase-change material layer 30.
The framework layer 20 is a support structure layer of a wall body, and can be a block wall body built by bricks or a pouring wall body poured by cement. The existing wall body absorbs heat in the environment in the daytime and dissipates the absorbed heat in the ambient air at night. In order to reduce the heat loss of the wall body to the outdoor air at night, the heat-insulating layer is generally arranged on the outer side of the wall body, and although the heat-insulating layer can effectively prevent the heat in the wall body at night from being lost to the outdoor air, the heat absorption of the wall body at daytime is also hindered. In the invention, the heat outside the heat-insulating layer 10 is transported to the inner side of the wall body through the gravity heat pipe 50, so that the absorption and storage of the wall body to the environmental heat in the daytime are increased. According to the invention, the phase change material layer 30 is arranged on the inner side of the wall body, and the phase change material layer 30 can quickly absorb and store redundant heat while maintaining indoor temperature. At night, when the indoor temperature is reduced, the heat stored in the framework layer 20 is transferred to the air in the air duct 40, hot pressing is formed in the air duct 40, under the effect of the hot pressing, hot air absorbing the heat stored in the framework layer 20 flows into the room through an air outlet in the upper end of the air duct 40, indoor cold air enters the air duct 40 from an air inlet in the lower end of the air duct 40 to continue heat exchange, and the stored heat is sent into the room through the heat radiation and convection heat exchange mode on the outer surface of the phase change material layer 30. The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall body can store heat in the daytime to a greater extent, hot pressure is formed in the air channel at night, and the heat stored in the wall body is sent out of the wall body to be utilized in a convection heat exchange mode.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the active and passive solar heat storage and release wall further includes a solar heat collector 60, a water tank 61 and a heat exchange pipeline 62, wherein one end of the heat exchange pipeline 62 is communicated with a water outlet of the water tank 61, the other end of the heat exchange pipeline 62 is communicated with a water inlet of the solar heat collector 60, a water outlet of the solar heat collector 60 is communicated with a water inlet of the water tank 61, and the heat exchange pipeline 62 is disposed in the phase change material layer 30.
The solar collector 60 is used to convert solar energy into heat for storage or utilization. The solar heat collector 60 of the present invention converts solar energy into heat energy and stores the heat energy in water, and includes a vacuum tube heat collector, a bracket, an electric heater, and the like. According to the invention, a vacuum tube heat collector is adopted to heat hot water, the hot water is stored in a water tank 61, an electric heater is arranged in the water tank 61, the hot water is subjected to heat exchange with the phase change material layer 30 through a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) tube from the water tank 61 so as to store heat in the phase change material layer 30, cold water after heat exchange is sent back to a solar heat collector through a water pump to be heated again, and when the solar heat collector is influenced by weather, the electric heater is started to supplement heat, so that the water temperature meets the requirement.
In this embodiment, the heat exchange pipeline 62 is a PVC pipe, and the heat exchange pipeline 62 is located at the lower portion of the phase change material layer 30. The PVC pipe material is economical, good in toughness and easy to bend, and is an ideal material for the heat exchange pipe.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a control valve 53 for controlling the working medium to flow between the heat pipe condensation section grid 51 and the heat pipe evaporation section grid 52 is disposed at a connection section of the heat pipe condensation section grid 51 and the heat pipe evaporation section grid 52.
In the invention, a control valve 53 is arranged at the connecting section of the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid 51 and the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52. When the outdoor temperature is lowered at night and the heat stored in the wall needs to be released, the control valve 53 can be closed to stop the gravity heat pipe 50, so that the heat loss is reduced outdoors.
In this embodiment, the working medium in the gravity assisted heat pipe 50 is methanol.
In this embodiment, the insulating layer 10 is made of glass wool. The composite material has the characteristics of good molding, small volume density, thermal conductivity , heat preservation and insulation, good sound absorption performance, corrosion resistance and stable chemical performance.
In this embodiment, the phase change material layer 30 is made of a composite phase change material of cetyl alcohol, capric acid or fly ash.
The invention adopts the hexadecanol, the capric acid or the fly ash composite phase-change material, the phase-change temperature is about 25-35 ℃, the temperature is the most suitable for plant growth, and the latent heat of phase change is large enough. The mechanism of the function of the composite phase change material is that the composite phase change material of the hexadecanol, the decanoic acid or the fly ash stores heat collected by a solar heat collector and a heat pipe in the daytime, absorbs heat of solar radiation passively, absorbs huge heat from the environment through phase change to store the heat, and releases the heat at night, so that the local environment temperature around the phase change material is adjusted, and the utilization efficiency of system energy is improved.
As shown in FIG. 4, the invention also discloses a sunlight greenhouse, and the wall body of the sunlight greenhouse adopts the active and passive solar heat storage and release wall body. The active and passive solar heat storage and release wall can be used as a wall on the north side of a sunlight greenhouse. The solar energy in the daytime can be fully utilized, and the temperature in the sunlight greenhouse at night can be enhanced.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the daytime, the solar heat collector 60 absorbs solar energy, the water inside the solar heat collector is heated by the solar energy, and the heated hot water flows into the water tank 61 to be stored or conveyed to the heat exchange pipeline 62. The heat exchange pipes 62 are uniformly arranged in the lower half of the phase change material layer 30 in an S-shape and are used for transferring heat in hot water circulating in the heat exchange pipes 62 to the phase change material layer 30, and the phase change material layer 30 stores the absorbed heat through phase change.
The heat preservation layer 10 is laid on the outer side of the framework layer 20 of the wall body, the phase change material layer 30 which is a PCM material is laid on the inner side of the framework layer 20, the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid 51 of the gravity heat pipe 50 is arranged in the phase change material layer 30, the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52 is arranged on the outer side of the heat preservation layer 10, the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52 absorbs heat in the outdoor environment, working media in the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52 are changed into gas state from liquid state, heat of a carrier enters the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid 51 from the heat pipe evaporation section pipe grid 52, the gaseous working media in the heat pipe condensation section pipe grid 51 are condensed into liquid state, the carried heat is released, and the released heat is absorbed by the phase change material layer 30.
At night, the air duct 40 is opened, the control valve 53 is closed, the gravity heat pipe 50 stops working, the hot water in the water tank 61 continuously conveys heat to the phase change material layer 30, the phase change material layer 30 transmits part of the heat to the air in the air duct 40, and the air is heated and then conveyed into a room along an air outlet at the upper end of the air duct 40 under the action of hot pressing, so that the indoor temperature is increased. The cool air along the lower end of the air duct 40 enters the air duct 40 through the air inlet along the lower end of the air duct 40. At this time, the air in the room is heated cyclically, and the indoor temperature rises. Meanwhile, the heat absorbed by the framework layer 20 is also transferred to the air in the air duct 40, so that the heat storage capacity of the wall body is improved. The outer surface of the phase-change material layer 30 sends the stored heat into the room by means of heat radiation and heat convection. The invention combines renewable solar energy with the wall body of the sunlight greenhouse through the high heat storage material to form a novel energy-saving and heat-insulating sunlight greenhouse wall body.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010981878.3A CN112262686B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Active and passive solar heat storage and release wall |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010981878.3A CN112262686B (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Active and passive solar heat storage and release wall |
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| CN112262686A CN112262686A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
| CN112262686B true CN112262686B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
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| CN115030353B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2024-06-14 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A wall with functions of sound elimination, phase change cold storage and enhanced heat exchange |
| CN117329714B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-04-16 | 山东晋陶置业发展有限公司 | Solar heat storage wall |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2433925C (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2011-06-14 | Alberta Research Council Inc. | Wall integrated thermal solar collector with heat storage capacity |
| CN102415298B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-04-24 | 北京工业大学 | Sunlight greenhouse composite wall construction system |
| WO2014043436A1 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-20 | Carroll Terry Neal | Passive solar greenhouse system and method of use |
| CN104145747B (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-05-18 | 兰州交通大学 | The moving collaborative accumulation of heat body of wall heating system of a kind of heliogreenhouse main quilt |
| CN204047390U (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-12-31 | 兰州交通大学 | The passive collaborative accumulation of heat body of wall heating system of a kind of greenhouse by solar heat master |
| CN105275112B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-12-05 | 天津城建大学 | Passive type solar energy wall |
| CN205402901U (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-27 | 西南科技大学 | Utilize wall inner wall heat accumulation heating system of solar energy |
| CN106234076B (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2019-12-17 | 兰州交通大学 | A solar greenhouse micro heat pipe array thermal storage wall |
| CN106167363A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-30 | 轩重建筑节能科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of flyash phase-changing energy storage material for green building and preparation method thereof |
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