CN112262243B

CN112262243B - Tongue-shaped rail

Info

Publication number: CN112262243B
Application number: CN201980023688.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·贝森多夫; P·多尼格
Original assignee: Vai Railway System Co ltd; Vai Switch Technology Celtveger Co ltd
Current assignee: Vai Railway System Co ltd; Vai Switch Technology Celtveger Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-03-29
Filing date: 2019-03-29
Publication date: 2022-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-29
Also published as: SI3775375T1; RS63365B1; LT3775375T; AU2019240737A1; CN112262243A; AT521128A1; AT521128B1; WO2019183649A1; HRP20220666T1; ES2922241T3; EP3775375A1; HUE059186T2; EP3775375B1; ZA202005809B; PL3775375T3; AU2019240737B2; PT3775375T

Abstract

The invention relates to a tongue rail (1) for use in a rail switch, comprising a rail head (5), a rail web (6) and a rail bearing (7), wherein the tongue rail (1) has a first longitudinal section provided for bearing against a base rail (2) and a second longitudinal section outside the bearing region, wherein the tongue rail (1) has a cross-sectional base contour in the second longitudinal section, wherein a vertically extending center axis is defined in a cross section through the center of the rail head (5) in the second longitudinal section, and wherein a first section (10) of the rail bearing (7) is arranged on a first side of the center axis and a second section (11) of the rail bearing (7) is arranged on a second side of the center axis opposite the first side, wherein the width of the first section (10) of the rail bearing (7) is greater in cross section than the width of the second section (11) of the rail bearing (7), and wherein the cross-section of the tongue-shaped rail (1) has a moment of inertia I in the vertical area at least one point along the longitudinal extension of the rail_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xA ratio of more than 0.5, particularly preferably more than 0.6, particularly preferably more than 0.7.

Description

Tongue-shaped rail

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tongue rail for use in a rail switch, comprising a rail head, a rail web and a rail support, wherein the tongue-shaped rail has a first longitudinal section which is provided for bearing against a base rail (Backenschiene) and a second longitudinal section which is located outside the bearing region, wherein the tongue-shaped track has a cross-sectional base contour in the second longitudinal section and preferably the base contour is machined in the first longitudinal section for configuring an extended width adaptation, in particular in the track head, wherein a vertically extending central axis is defined in the second longitudinal section in a cross section through the center of the rail head, and the first section of the rail mount is arranged on a first side of the central axis and the second section of the rail mount is arranged on a second side of the central axis opposite the first side, wherein the width of the first section of the rail support is greater in cross section than the width of the second section of the rail support.

The invention also relates to a rail switch comprising a tongue rail and a base rail.

Background

From the prior art, tongue rails are known for which the rail support of the basic contour is asymmetrical in cross section with respect to a central axis extending through the center of the rail head, but the region of the tongue rail facing away from the basic rail has a wider rail support than the region facing the basic rail. An advantage of this embodiment is that the area of the tongue track facing the primary rail takes up less space, so that the tongue track can be guided onto the primary rail more easily.

In order to adjust the tongue rail between the contact position and the storage position relative to the running rail, an adjusting device is required, which is connected to the tongue rail via a connecting rod. The mechanical switching of the tongue rails (Umstellung) takes place by means of an electric, electrohydraulic or hydraulic switch drive, wherein, in addition to the switch drive, a separate or integrated locking device and, in any case, a separate final position checking device are provided. This final position checking device is used to mechanically scan the current state of the switch in the switch and to generate a check signal by means of which it can be determined whether the switch has been switched correctly and whether the abutting and remote tongues (abliegen) are in their respective correct final positions. The end-position checking device usually has a checking rod which extends substantially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rail and which is moved in the longitudinal direction of the rod during a switch change. The position of the checking rod is detected by means of an electromechanical transducer, for example in the form of a limit switch or a tongue-shaped checking contact which is arranged in a housing which is usually fitted on a sleeper (Schwelle) at the side of the switch.

In modern rail switches, a plurality of adjustment planes are provided in the longitudinal direction of the switch, in each of which an adjustment device and a final position checking device assigned to the adjustment device are arranged in order to be able to check the correct occupation of the respective final position at a plurality of points. In this way, it is possible to better detect a break in a track switch or its arching (bulging) or other faults. The spacing between the adjustment planes is typically between 5.4 and 6.7 m. In the region of the adjustment planes or between the adjustment planes, it can be checked by the final position checking device whether the tongue track is in the correct position.

The location of the fault may have different causes. For example, it may happen that the tongue rail does not rest completely against the base rail, since foreign bodies are trapped between the tongue rail and the base rail. Due to the elastic deformability of the tongue-shaped rail, it can happen in this case that the tongue-shaped rail is pressed in the adjustment plane against the base rail by the adjustment device despite foreign bodies, and the arranged final position checking device indicates a correct occupation of the final position. However, the tongue track has a curvature between the adjustment planes due to foreign bodies. As a result, a defective position of the tongue track occurs, which cannot be detected by the final position detection device.

Tests have shown that in conventional rail switches, foreign bodies are only reliably detected from a size of approximately 22 mm, since the maximum or limited to a specific value of the actuating force of the actuating device is then no longer sufficient to bend the tongue rail and press it against the base rail against such a distance. However, in view of the higher and higher speeds of rail traffic, smaller foreign bodies are also increasingly dangerous for the safety of rail traffic.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a tongue rail for a rail switch, in which even relatively small foreign bodies, in particular foreign bodies of, for example, 12 mm size, located between the tongue rail and the base rail can be reliably detected.

To achieve this object, the tongue rail according to the invention is essentially designed in such a way that the cross section of the tongue rail has a moment of inertia I in the vertical area at least one point along the longitudinal extent of the rail_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xA ratio of more than 0.5, preferably more than 0.6, particularly preferably more than 0.7, in between. The vertical area moment of inertia is understood to be the axial area moment of inertia of the cross section about the vertical y-axis. The horizontal area moment of inertia is understood to be the axial area moment of inertia of the cross section about the horizontal x-axis. Vertical area moment of inertia I_yThe bending stiffness of the tongue rail in the transverse direction is determined, i.e. in particular against deformations occurring during the switching process, for example due to foreign bodies located between the tongue rail and the base rail. By starting from a conventional tongue-shaped track, the vertical area moment of inertia I provided according to the invention_yMoment of inertia relative to horizontal area I_xSo that a ratio of more than 0.5 is achieved, on the one hand a sufficiently high bending stiffness and a high load-bearing capacity is achieved, and on the other hand only a small additional requirement for material is achieved, so that a small weight increase of the tongue rail is achieved.

It is preferably provided here that the cross section of the tongue track is along the first part outside the contact areaAt least one point of the two longitudinal sections, preferably in the entire second longitudinal section, i.e. in the raw region of the tongue track, has a vertical area moment of inertia I_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xA ratio of more than 0.5, preferably more than 0.6, particularly preferably more than 0.7, in between. The ratio between the area moments of inertia according to the invention is therefore preferably formed in a longitudinal section of the tongue rail which is not provided for bearing against the base rail. In this longitudinal section, the rail head is not machined, but in the longitudinal section provided for abutment with the base rail, the rail head is preferably machined in order to achieve, on the one hand, a matching of the abutment surface of the tongue-shaped rail to the undercut of the base rail and, on the other hand, an extended width matching. Machining of the rail head generally results in a reduction in vertical area moment of inertia that is less than the reduction in horizontal area moment of inertia compared to the base profile. Thus, the machining of the rail head results in a vertical area moment of inertia I in the first longitudinal section (i.e. in the contact region)_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xIs greater than in the second longitudinal section of the tongue track.

Therefore, it is preferably also provided that the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue track_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio therebetween is not less than 0.5, preferably not less than 0.6, particularly preferably not less than 0.7 at any point along the entire longitudinal extension of the tongue track to ensure uniform reinforcement of the tongue track.

Because of the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue track_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio between depends not inconsiderably on the height of the basic profile of the cross section of the tongue track, so that the ratio I for the second longitudinal section of the tongue track_y/I_xIs preferably selected in dependence on the height of the cross-sectional base profile, i.e. such that the ratio I in the second longitudinal section is greater than 130mm when the height of the cross-sectional base profile is greater than 130mm_y/I_xGreater than 0.5, the ratio I in the second longitudinal section at a height of the basic profile of the cross section of 120-130mm_y/I_xGreater than 0.6 and a height of the basic profile in the cross-section of<120mm, in the second longitudinal section_y/I_xGreater than 0.7.

In order to further reduce the influence of the tongue-shaped track height on said ratio, according to another preferred embodiment, the ratio I is set_y/I_xMultiplying by the height of the basic profile of the cross-section of the tongue-shaped track and selecting the track profile such that the parameter I thus obtained_y * h/I_xGreater than 80 mm in the second longitudinal section.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the cross section of the tongue rail has a vertical area moment of inertia I in the tongue rail at least one point along the first longitudinal section of the tongue rail provided for bearing against the base rail, in particular in the half of the first longitudinal section facing the tongue tip_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xA ratio of greater than 1.1, preferably greater than 1.2, particularly preferably greater than 1.3. By machining the tongue track in this first longitudinal section of the tongue track, which is not provided for abutment against the base rail, as described above, the ratio between the vertical and horizontal area moments of inertia is greater than in the second longitudinal section of the tongue track. By this measure, the tongue rail is reinforced and more rigidly formed, in particular in the region of the abutment, in which the failure position of the tongue rail is most likely.

In particular, it is preferably provided that at least one point of the tongue rail in the first longitudinal section provided for bearing against the base rail, in particular in the half of the first longitudinal section facing away from the tongue tip, the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue rail_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio therebetween is less than 1.6, preferably 1.4, particularly preferably 1.2. Thereby further improving the rigidity-material consumption ratio.

The ratio between the area moments of inertia according to the invention can preferably be achieved by widening and/or increasing the first section of the rail bearing. Preferably, it is provided here that the ratio between the width of the first section of the rail support and the height of the tongue rail is at least 0.70, preferably at least 0.75, particularly preferably at least 0.80. In this case, the width of the distant section of the rail support is also increased while maintaining a constant rail height. Since the material is thus added in a region relatively far from the central axis, the effect of this measure on the vertical area moment of inertia is relatively strong, so that a relatively large effect can be achieved with a small material increase. The lower limit value given for the ratio between the width of the first section of the rail support and the height of the tongue rail is suitable for the geometry of the tongue rail in the unprocessed second longitudinal section. In the first longitudinal section of the tongue-shaped rail, while the width of the first section of the rail support is generally kept constant when it is machined, the height of the tongue-shaped rail is generally configured to decrease in the direction of the tongue tip, so that a higher ratio is obtained in this section than in the second longitudinal section of the tongue-shaped rail.

Since the ratio between the width of the first section of the rail support and the height of the tongue rail is not inconsiderably dependent on the height of the cross-sectional base profile of the tongue rail, the lower limit of said ratio in the second longitudinal section of the tongue rail is preferably selected as a function of the height of the cross-sectional base profile such that, at a height of > 130mm of the cross-sectional base profile, the ratio between the width of the first section of the rail support and the height of the tongue rail is greater than 0.7 in the second longitudinal section, at a height of 120-130mm of the cross-sectional base profile, said ratio is greater than 0.75 in the second longitudinal section, and at a height of < 120mm of the cross-sectional base profile, said ratio is greater than 0.8 in the second longitudinal section.

In order to achieve an optimum ratio between the area moments of inertia, it is also preferably provided that the ratio between the width of the first section of the rail support and the height of the tongue-shaped rail in the second longitudinal section, in particular in the entire second longitudinal section, is less than 1.1, preferably less than 1.0, particularly preferably less than 0.90.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the end region of the first section of the rail mount is higher than the end region of the second section of the rail mount. This measure also makes it possible to effectively reinforce the tongue rail with a low increase in weight.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the rail web is formed wider on a first side of the central axis than on a second side of the central axis, wherein the rail web is formed wider on the first side of the central axis than the rail head, preferably over the entire length of the tongue-shaped rail. In addition to the rail bearing, the rail web on the side remote from the center axis is therefore also designed to be reinforced in order to increase the vertical area moment of inertia and thus the rigidity of the tongue rail. Particularly preferably, the rail web is formed wider on the first side than the rail head, whereby a significant increase in the vertical area moment of inertia is achieved.

In this case, it is particularly preferably provided that the tongue track has a stepped cross section on the first side. The rail web has a wider cross section on the first side than the rail head, and the rail bearing has a wider cross section on the first side than the rail web. The transition between the regions of different widths can be configured as a transition radius or as a chamfered region. In this case, it is also preferably provided that the rail web is formed on the second side so as to be narrower than the rail head.

In an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the rail web is formed wider in cross section on the second side of the central axis than on the first side of the central axis, as is known per se in so-called asymmetric tongue profiles.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the height of the rail bearing on the first side and the second side, respectively, increases continuously at least in one region toward the central axis, wherein preferably the inclination of the second side is greater than the inclination of the first side.

Thereby, a compact rail is obtained which can be easily manufactured.

According to the invention, a rail switch is furthermore provided, which comprises a tongue rail according to the invention and a base rail, wherein the tongue rail is arranged in such a way that the second side can be placed against the base rail.

In this case, at least one adjusting plane with an adjusting device is preferably provided in the first longitudinal section of the tongue rail, in which the tongue rail can be brought into contact with the tongue rail by means of the adjusting device.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the base rail and the tongue rail are arranged at an angle to one another. This arrangement makes it possible to improve the driving behavior at the track switch.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of embodiments shown in the drawings.

Wherein,

figure 1 shows a top view of a track switch according to the invention,

figure 2 shows a first cross section of a tongue track according to the invention according to a first embodiment,

figure 3 shows a second cross-section of the first embodiment along the line indicated by a-a in figure 1,

FIG. 4 shows a comparison of the profile according to FIG. 3 with a conventional profile, and

fig. 5 shows a cross-section of a tongue track according to the invention according to a second embodiment.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a track switch according to the invention, which comprises two tongue rails 1 and two base rails 2. The tongue rails 1 are each associated with a base rail 2. Along the switch points, three adjusting planes 3a, 3b and 3c are provided, in which adjusting devices, not shown, and final position checking devices, not shown, are arranged for selectively adjusting the tongue rail 1 toward the base rail 2 or away from the base rail 2. In the applied state, the tongue track 1 is applied to the base rail 2 in a first longitudinal section extending from the first adjustment plane 3a up to the third adjustment plane 3 c. Furthermore, the clamping area of the tongue rail 1 is denoted by 4, which is located in a second longitudinal section of the tongue rail, which extends from the third adjustment plane 3c as far as the clamping area 4. The tongue rail 1 has a cross section which varies along the longitudinal extent of the tongue rail, wherein in particular the cross section of the rail head of the tongue rail 1 varies. In the second longitudinal section, the tongue track is not machined and therefore has a basic profile. In particular, the rail head is machined in the first longitudinal section, specifically with a width that decreases from the third adjustment plane 3c toward the first adjustment plane 3 a.

Furthermore, it is provided that, in at least one longitudinal section, the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue track_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio between is greater than 0.5. Preferably, this ratio is greater than 0.5 in all longitudinal sections.

Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of a tongue-shaped track according to the invention according to a first embodiment. This cross section does not have any adaptation of the rail head to the base rail 2 and relates to the second longitudinal section of the tongue rail 1, in which the tongue rail 1 is not provided for resting on the base rail 2. The tongue rail 1 has a rail head 5, a rail web 6 and a rail support 7. A central axis 9 is defined by the centre of the width 8 of the rail head 4. The first section 10 of the rail mount 7 is formed wider on a first side than the second section 11 of the rail mount 7. Furthermore, the height 12 of the first portion 10 is configured to be greater than the height 13 of the second portion 11. The tongue track 1 has a vertical area moment of inertia I_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xA ratio therebetween of greater than 0.5.

In a special embodiment of the construction shown in fig. 2, the entire rail support 6 has a width 14 of 165 mm, a rail height 15 of 134 mm, a first section of the rail support 7 has a width 16 of 110 mm, a first section has a height 12 of 29 mm, a second section has a height 13 of 20mm, and the vertical area moment of inertia I_yIs 1503.5 cm⁴And the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xIs 1913.9 cm⁴。

Therefore, the ratio I_yAnd I_xThe ratio of (A) to (B) is about 0.79. Parameter I_y * h/I_x105.26 mm. Furthermore, the ratio between the width 16 of the first section 10 and the track height 15 is about 0.82.

Figure 3 shows a cross-section of the embodiment shown in figure 2 of the tongue track in a first longitudinal section i.e. along the line indicated with a-a in figure 1,wherein like parts are indicated with the same reference numerals as in figure 2. It can be seen that the track head 5 and the section 11 of the track support are machined from the basic contour shown in fig. 2 in order to be able to rest on the base rail 2 and to form the transition from the base rail 2 to the running edge (Fahrkante) on the tongue-shaped track 1 as free of steps as possible. In a special embodiment of the arrangement shown in fig. 3, which, starting from the basic contour according to fig. 2, has the dimensions given above, the vertical moment of inertia in this region of the tongue rail 1 is approximately 1227.5 cm⁴And a horizontal moment of inertia of about 925.7 cm⁴. Thus, I_yAnd I_xIs about 1.33.

Fig. 4 shows a cross section of the tongue rail 1 according to the invention according to fig. 3 in relation to a corresponding cross section of a conventional tongue rail 17.

It can be seen from this illustration that the sections 10 of the rail carrier are widened and raised to a specific extent in order to achieve the desired I_y/I_xThe ratio of (a) to (b).

Fig. 5 shows a cross section of a tongue track 1 according to the invention according to a second embodiment. This cross section is located in the second longitudinal section of the tongue rail 1, in which the tongue rail 1 is not provided for bearing against the base rail 2, so that the tongue rail has no machining for the rail head and the rail mount. The same reference numerals as in fig. 2 correspond to the same components. The embodiment according to fig. 5 differs from the embodiment according to fig. 2 primarily in that the rail web 6 in the embodiment according to fig. 5 is configured wider on the first side than the rail head 5. Furthermore, the width 16 of the first section 10 is configured to be wider than the rail web 6, so that a stepped shape is formed.

At the same dimensions as in the embodiment according to fig. 2, the vertical area moment of inertia I_yIs 1851.1 cm⁴And the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xIs 1983.0 cm⁴. Therefore, the ratio I_yAnd I_xThe ratio of (A) to (B) is about 0.93. Parameter I_y * h/I_xIs 125.1 mm. Furthermore, the ratio between the width 16 of the first section and the track height 15 (e.g. inAs in the embodiment according to fig. 2) is about 0.82.

Claims

1. Tongue rail for use in rail switches, comprising a rail head (5), a rail web (6) and a rail support (7), wherein the tongue rail (1) has a first longitudinal section provided for bearing against a base rail (2) and a second longitudinal section outside the bearing region, wherein the tongue rail (1) has a cross-sectional base profile in the second longitudinal section and the base profile is machined in the first longitudinal section for forming an extended width adaptation in the rail head (5), wherein a vertically extending center axis (9) is defined in a cross-section through the center of the rail head (5) in the second longitudinal section, and wherein a first section (10) of the rail support (7) is arranged on a first side of the center axis (9) and a second section (11) of the rail support (7) is arranged on a second side of the center axis (9) opposite the first side, wherein the width of the first section (10) of the rail support (7) is greater in cross section than the width of the second section (11) of the rail support (7), characterized in that the cross section of the tongue-shaped rail (1) has a vertical area moment of inertia I at least one point along the longitudinal extension of the rail_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xAnd the ratio between the width of the first section (10) of the rail support (7) and the height of the tongue rail (1) is at least 0.80 at least one point along the longitudinal extension of the tongue rail (1).

2. A tongue-shaped rail according to claim 1, wherein the ratio I in the second longitudinal section is such that the height of the cross-sectional basic profile is > 130mm_y/I_xGreater than 0.5, the ratio I in the second longitudinal section at a height of the basic profile of the cross section of 120-130mm_y/I_xGreater than 0.6 and at the height of the basic profile of the cross section<120mm, in the second longitudinal section_y/I_xGreater than 0.7.

3. A tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the second longitudinal section the ratio I_y/I_xThe value obtained by multiplying the height of the basic profile of the cross section of the tongue-shaped track is greater than 80 mm.

4. A tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio between the width of the first section (10) of the track support (7) and the height of the tongue track (1) in the second longitudinal section is larger than 0.7 when the height of the cross-sectional basic profile is > 130mm, the ratio in the second longitudinal section is larger than 0.75 when the height of the cross-sectional basic profile is 120-130mm, and the ratio in the second longitudinal section is larger than 0.8 when the height of the cross-sectional basic profile is < 120 mm.

5. The tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the end area of the first section (10) of the track support (7) is higher than the end area of the second section (11) of the track support (7).

6. The tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the track web (6) is configured to be wider on a first side of the central axis (9) than on a second side of the central axis (9), wherein the track web (6) is configured to be wider on the first side of the central axis (9) than the track head (5) over the entire length of the tongue track (1).

7. Tongue track according to claim 6, wherein the tongue track (1) has a stepped cross-section on a first side.

8. The tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the track web (6) is configured wider in cross-section on a second side of the centre axis (9) than on a first side of the centre axis (9).

9. The tongue track as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the height of the track support (7) on the first side and the second side, respectively, rises continuously at least in one region towards the central axis (9), wherein the slope of the second side is greater than the slope of the first side.

10. Tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue track (1) is at any point along the entire longitudinal extension of the tongue track (1)_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio therebetween is not less than 0.5.

11. Tongue track according to claim 1, wherein in the first and/or second longitudinal section the ratio between the width of the first section (10) of the track support (7) and the height of the tongue track (1) is at least 0.80.

12. Tongue track according to claim 1, wherein at each location along the longitudinal extension of the tongue track (1) the ratio between the width of the first section (10) of the track support (7) and the height of the tongue track (1) is at least 0.80.

13. Tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue track (1) is at any point along the entire longitudinal extension of the tongue track (1)_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio therebetween is not less than 0.6.

14. Tongue track according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that it extends along the entire longitudinal extension of the tongue track (1)At any location of the tongue track (1), the vertical area moment of inertia I of the tongue track (1)_yAnd the horizontal area moment of inertia I_xThe ratio therebetween is not less than 0.7.

15. A rail switch, comprising a tongue rail (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14 and a base rail (2), wherein the tongue rail (1) can be arranged in such a way that it rests with a second side on the base rail (2).

16. The rail switch as claimed in claim 15, characterised in that the base rail (2) and the tongue rail (1) are arranged obliquely to one another.