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CN112251079A - 一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112251079A
CN112251079A CN202011106152.1A CN202011106152A CN112251079A CN 112251079 A CN112251079 A CN 112251079A CN 202011106152 A CN202011106152 A CN 202011106152A CN 112251079 A CN112251079 A CN 112251079A
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李兴盛
袁晓伟
李国强
李兴昌
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Abstract

本发明涉及种子包衣技术领域，具体涉及一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂及其制备方法，该包衣剂主要由成膜剂、填充剂、杀菌剂和警戒性染料组成，利用这种组分制备获得的该包衣剂附着力强、亮度高，此外原料均为绿色环保材料，具有较高的使用价值和良好的应用前景，满足了机械化播种的要求，同时大大提高了种子出苗的整齐度，便于后期的管理，降低了劳动强度，同时兼具有杀菌和持续提供营养物质的效果，填补了本领域的空白。

Description

一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及种子包衣技术领域，具体涉及一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
萝卜、白菜、青梗菜等是我们日常生活中常见的十字花科蔬菜。蔬菜种子是用于生产蔬 菜的种子，种子包衣是用成膜剂或粘合剂将农药、化肥、微量元素等活性成分均匀的粘合于 种子表面，为种子发芽和幼苗生长提供保障的一种技术。它具有应用方便，成本低廉、防止 病虫害、提高种子田间成苗率、促进幼苗生长等优点。包衣剂又称种衣剂，是指由相关药剂、 营养元素、成膜剂、分散剂和助剂加工而成并形成具有一定强度和通透性的化学制剂，可直 接包覆于种子表面用于种子包衣。
十字花科蔬菜种子籽粒小，易黏连，尤其是萝卜籽粒表面不规则，有不均匀的凹槽，现 有的包衣剂填充效果和亮度不是很好，此外包衣剂中含有大量的化学成分，对土壤造成严重 的污染，绿色环保性较差。
因此提供一种更加适合十字花科小籽粒的蔬菜种子的包衣剂成为本领域技术人员亟待解 决的问题之一。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的种种不足，发明人提供了一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂及其制备方 法，该包衣剂主要由成膜剂、填充剂、杀菌剂和警戒性染料组成，利用这种组分制备获得的 该包衣剂附着力强、亮度高，此外原料均为绿色环保材料，具有较高的使用价值和良好的应 用前景，满足了机械化播种的要求，同时大大提高了种子出苗的整齐度，便于后期的管理， 降低了劳动强度，同时兼具有杀菌和持续提供营养物质的效果，填补了本领域的空白。
本发明具体的技术方案如下：
本发明提供了一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，按重量份计包括以下原料：
成膜剂15-20份、填充剂46-50份、杀菌剂1-3份、警戒性染料10-20份；
其中所述成膜剂为聚乙烯醇、聚醋酸乙烯脂、甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、明胶、黄原胶 和淀粉中的一种或几种混合组成；
所述填充剂为凹凸棒土、滑石粉、蒙脱石粉末、珍珠粉、珠光粉和改性淀粉中的一种或 几种混合组成；更进一步的，上述填充剂的目数优选为600目；
所述杀菌剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、二氯异氰尿酸钠、氯溴异氰尿酸、丙硫多菌灵、福美双、 多菌灵和甲基多菌灵中的一种或几种混合组成；
在上述选择的基础上，发明人进一步优选所述的成膜剂为甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、明 胶、黄原胶和淀粉中的一种或几种混合组成，上述成分可有效增加包衣剂在种子表面的附着 力，达到不脱粉的效果，除此之外，上述物质还可为种子萌发提供营养物质，提高种苗活力 和整齐度；
所述填充剂为凹凸棒土、蒙脱石粉末、珍珠粉、珠光粉和改性淀粉中的一种或几种混合 组成；上述填充剂可有效增加包衣剂在种子表面的光滑度和亮度，有利于机械操作；本技术 方案中的填充剂用量较之现有技术有一定的增加，原因在于十字花科蔬菜种子籽粒小且表面 不规则，为了使其外形更加规则，需要利用填充剂将其表面填充饱满，方便成膜剂成膜，同 时为了提高杀菌的效果，对应提高了杀菌剂的用量。
所选用的杀菌剂优选为丙硫多菌灵、多菌灵和甲基多菌灵中的一种或几种混合组成；
所述警戒性染料为液体蓝色，选自60wt％亮蓝水溶液，亮蓝是食用合成色素，对人体健康 且对环境无污染，应用于包衣剂中更加健康。
此外，与现有技术相比，本申请的上述方案中没有添加防腐剂，更加绿色环保。
优选地，在上述技术方案的基础上，发明人提供的原料组成按重量份计为：成膜剂18份、 填充剂47份、杀菌剂1.5份、警戒性染料18份；
除此之外，本发明还公开了上述用于十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂的制备方法，具体包括以 下步骤：
步骤一、称取50份纯净水加入搅拌桶内；
步骤二、称取所需原料，依次倒入搅拌桶内；
步骤三、转速为200转/分钟，搅拌10分钟；
步骤四、称取50份纯净水加入搅拌桶内；
步骤五、转速500转/分钟，搅拌至搅拌桶内没有气泡没有颗粒，即得本发明的十字花科 蔬菜种子包衣剂。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
所提供的十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂附着力强，特别是发明人限定了成膜剂和填充剂组分 及配比，针对十字花科蔬菜种子籽粒小的问题，提高了填充剂的用量，使得包衣后的种子表 面填充的更加均匀，且包衣后种子颜色鲜艳，亮度高，且杀菌效果好、可持续提供营养物质， 此外包衣剂使用的材料都是食品级，绿色环保，具有较高的使用价值和良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为采用本发明包衣剂和其他包衣剂包衣后的萝卜种子；
其中，1为使用本发明的十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂包衣后的萝卜种子，2为某进口种子包 衣剂包衣后的萝卜种子、3为国产某公司包衣剂包衣后的萝卜种子；
由图可知采用本申请所获得的包衣剂包衣后的萝卜种子与其他公司包衣后的萝卜种子相 比表面更光滑、亮度高且不掉粉。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所 描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明 保护的范围。
实施例1
一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，包括以下重量份的原料：
成膜剂18份、填充剂47份、杀菌剂1.5份、警戒性染料18份；
本实例中成膜剂为甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、明胶、黄原胶按照质量比1:1:1:1混合组成。
本实例中填充剂为蒙脱石粉末、珍珠粉、珠光粉和改性淀粉按照质量比1:1:1:1混合组成。
本实例中杀菌剂为多菌灵，警戒性染料选自60wt％亮蓝水溶液。
本实例中还公开了一种上述用于十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂的制备方法，具体地，包括以 下步骤：
步骤一、称取50份纯净水加入搅拌桶内；
步骤二、称取所需原料，依次倒入搅拌桶内；
步骤三、转速为200转/分钟，搅拌10分钟；
步骤四、称取50份纯净水加入搅拌桶内；
步骤五、转速500转/分钟，搅拌1小时左右，直到搅拌桶内没有气泡没有颗粒。即得本发 明的十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂。
实施例2
本实施例的一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，包括以下重量份的原料：
成膜剂20份、填充剂50份、杀菌剂1份、警戒性染料10份。
本实例中成膜剂为聚醋酸乙烯脂、甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶照质量比1:1:1混合组成。
本实例中填充剂为滑石粉、珍珠粉和改性淀粉按照质量比1:1:1混合组成。
本实例中杀菌剂为多菌灵，警戒性染料选自60wt％亮蓝水溶液。
制备方法同实例1。
实施例3
本实施例的一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，包括以下重量份的原料：
成膜剂15份、填充剂46份、杀菌剂2.5份、警戒性染料20份。
本实例中成膜剂为阿拉伯树胶、明胶、黄原胶和淀粉按照质量比1:1:1:1混合组成。
本实例中填充剂为滑石粉、蒙脱石粉末、珍珠粉按照质量比1:1:1混合组成。
本实例中杀菌剂为多菌灵，警戒性染料选自60wt％亮蓝水溶液。
制备方法同实例1。
应用实施例
取一定量的萝卜种子、白菜种子和青梗菜种子进行用实施例1-3制得的包衣剂进行处理后 栽培育苗，不经过任何处理的相同数量的萝卜种子、白菜种子和青梗菜种子作为空白试验， 利用某进口包衣剂1和某国产包衣剂2包衣后的萝卜种子、白菜种子和青梗菜种子作为对照试 验；进行栽培育苗，同时间段内观察各蔬菜种子的生长情况和出苗率，试验结果如下表1记录：
Figure BDA0002725716630000031
Figure BDA0002725716630000041
由上表1可以看出，无论是萝卜、白菜或是青梗菜，用实施例1-3制得的包衣剂处理过后 的种子与未经包衣剂处理过的种子以及采用现有包衣剂处理的种子相比，出芽率、幼苗长势 均具有明显优势，且幼苗大小一致性较空白实验组和对照组更好。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对 本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载 的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之 内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，其特征在于：按重量份计包括以下原料：
成膜剂15-20份、填充剂46-50份、杀菌剂1-3份、警戒性染料10-20份；
其中所述成膜剂为聚乙烯醇、聚醋酸乙烯脂、甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、明胶、黄原胶和淀粉中的一种或几种混合组成；
所述填充剂为凹凸棒土、滑石粉、蒙脱石粉末、珍珠粉、珠光粉和改性淀粉中的一种或几种混合组成；
所述杀菌剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、二氯异氰尿酸钠、氯溴异氰尿酸、丙硫多菌灵、福美双、多菌灵和甲基多菌灵中的一种或几种混合组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，其特征在于：
所述的成膜剂为甲基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、明胶、黄原胶和淀粉中的一种或几种混合组成；
所述填充剂为凹凸棒土、蒙脱石粉末、珍珠粉、珠光粉和改性淀粉中的一种或几种混合组成；且目数为600目；
所选用的杀菌剂优选为丙硫多菌灵、多菌灵和甲基多菌灵中的一种或几种混合组成；
所述警戒性染料选自60wt％亮蓝水溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂，其特征在于：按重量份计包括以下原料：成膜剂18份、填充剂47份、杀菌剂1.5份、警戒性染料18份。
4.权利要求1所述十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂的制备方法，其特征在于：具体包括以下步骤：
步骤一、称取50份纯净水加入搅拌桶内；
步骤二、称取所需原料，依次倒入搅拌桶内；
步骤三、转速为200转/分钟，搅拌10分钟；
步骤四、称取50份纯净水加入搅拌桶内；
步骤五、转速500转/分钟，搅拌至搅拌桶内没有气泡没有颗粒，即得本发明的十字花科蔬菜种子包衣剂。
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CN112841190A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-05-28 福州市蔬菜科学研究所 一种十字花科蔬菜种子的包衣剂及其制备方法与使用方法
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