Background
The imperfect grains refer to grains which are damaged but have edible values, and comprise worm-eaten grains, scab grains, damaged grains, immature grains, sprouting grains and mildewed grains, and the imperfect grains are easily generated in the processes of production, storage, packaging, transportation and the like of the grains, so that the quality and the safety of the grains are seriously influenced. By detecting the imperfect grains of the grains, the overall quality of the grains can be reasonably checked, and all involved links of the grain industry can be improved. At present, quality detection of grains is mainly manual, the speed of manual detection is slow, and a detected quality result has great subjectivity. At the present stage, some detection modes exist: the method is characterized in that imperfect grains are detected through acoustic signals generated by grain collision through the change of the physical structure of the imperfect grains relative to perfect grains, and the imperfect grains are distinguished through the detection of the acoustic signals, so that the influence on detection caused by noise interference cannot be avoided when the acoustic signals are collected; the near infrared spectrum can also be used for carrying out imperfect grain detection on grains, and when the method is used for detection, the humidity and the temperature of different samples can influence the detection result.
In recent years, some teams detect imperfect grains of grains by an artificial intelligence method based on a computer vision technology, but the effect is not ideal and application conditions are lacked. Most of the existing detection modes are that the upper surface and the lower surface of imperfect grains of grains are photographed by collection equipment to collect images, and the collected images are analyzed by using a related algorithm after being processed. This kind of mode generally can pave the grain on take-up pan, carries out the scanning formula and shoots, is unfavorable for the count work that grain detected to, once detect the problem and hardly go back to the testing condition, directly influence the testing result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device for detecting and sorting imperfect grains of grains, which effectively overcomes the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a detection sorting device for imperfect grains of grains comprises a working platform, wherein a shooting hole is formed in the working platform; the receiving tray is a transparent tray body and is horizontally arranged above the shooting hole; the moving mechanism is in transmission connection with the material receiving disc and is used for driving the material receiving disc to move to any position above the shooting hole; the bottom of the hopper is arranged at the upper end of the working platform through a vibration mechanism and is positioned on one side of the receiving disc; one end of the discharge groove is connected and communicated with the discharge hole of the hopper, and the other end of the discharge groove extends to the upper part of the receiving disc; the machine vision system is provided with two camera modules, the two camera modules are respectively fixed above and below the shooting hole, the shooting directions of the two camera modules vertically face the receiving plate, and the two camera modules are used for shooting the upper and lower appearance images of single grains on the receiving plate together and identifying and detecting whether the grains belong to perfect grains.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, above-mentioned moving mechanism includes the longitudinal movement module, lateral shifting module and frame, above-mentioned take-up pan is rectangular dish, above-mentioned frame be with the shape adaptation of above-mentioned take-up pan, and the level sets up in the below of above-mentioned take-up pan, above-mentioned lateral shifting module is installed on above-mentioned frame, and be connected with the transmission of above-mentioned take-up pan lower extreme, be used for ordering about above-mentioned take-up pan towards its both ends rectilinear movement, above-mentioned longitudinal shifting module is installed in above-mentioned work platform upper end, and be connected with above-mentioned frame transmission, be used for ordering about above-mentioned frame towards its.
Further, the longitudinal moving module comprises a first linear guide rail and a first rail, the first linear guide rail and the first rail are respectively arranged at the upper end of the working platform and are positioned at two sides of the shooting hole, and the length directions of the first linear guide rail and the first rail extend along two ends of the material receiving disc; the lower ends of the two sides of the frame are respectively connected with the moving actuating mechanism of the first linear guide rail and the sliding block on the first track.
Further, the transverse moving module comprises two second linear guide rails, the length directions of the two second linear guide rails extend along the two sides of the material receiving disc respectively, the two linear guide rails are installed at the upper ends of the frame strips at the two ends of the frame respectively, and the lower ends of the two ends of the material receiving disc are connected with the moving actuating mechanisms of the two second linear guide rails respectively.
Furthermore, one end of the discharge groove, which is far away from the hopper, extends downwards in an inclined way to be close to the upper surface of the receiving disc.
Furthermore, the upper edges of the two ends of the receiving tray are respectively vertically provided with flanges extending towards the two sides of the receiving tray along the edge lines, the outsides of the flanges on the two sides are respectively provided with a transverse moving mechanism, a strip-shaped material pushing plate in contact with the upper surface of the receiving tray is arranged between the flanges on the two sides, the two ends of the material pushing plate are respectively in transmission connection with the two transverse moving mechanisms, the two transverse moving mechanisms are used for synchronously driving the material pushing plate to move between the edges of the two sides of the receiving tray along the surface of the receiving tray, and the lower end of the other end of the material discharge groove is higher than the upper end of the material pushing plate.
The receiving box is arranged on the other side of the receiving disc, the upper end of the receiving box is open, a plurality of independent receiving cavities are formed in the receiving box along the extending direction of the two ends of the receiving disc, and an electronic weighing device connected with the machine vision system is arranged at the bottom of the receiving box.
Further, the transverse moving mechanism is a belt conveying mechanism, and two ends of the material pushing plate are respectively connected with belts of the two belt conveying mechanisms.
The material receiving tray is arranged above the two ends of the material receiving tray, corresponds to the other end of the material discharge groove and is used for detecting blanking information at the other end of the material discharge groove.
Further, the periphery of the lens of the two camera modules is respectively provided with a light supplementing light source.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the grain detection process is convenient for arrange on the take-up pan in order to do benefit to the backtracking of the detection condition, can detect the count.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, the detecting and sorting apparatus for imperfect grains of the present embodiment includes a working platform 1, wherein the working platform 1 is provided with a shooting hole 11; the receiving tray 2 is a transparent tray body and is horizontally arranged above the shooting hole 11; the moving mechanism 3 is in transmission connection with the material receiving disc 2 and is used for driving the material receiving disc 2 to move to any position above the shooting hole 11; the bottom of the hopper 4 is arranged at the upper end of the working platform 1 through a vibration mechanism 5 and is positioned at one side of the material receiving disc 2; a discharge groove 6, one end of the discharge groove 6 is connected and communicated with the discharge port of the hopper 4, and the other end thereof extends to the upper part of the receiving tray 2; the machine vision system, above-mentioned machine vision system have two modules 8 of making a video recording, two above-mentioned modules 8 of making a video recording are fixed in above-mentioned upper and lower sides of shooing the hole 11 respectively, and shoot the equal vertical orientation take-up (stock) pan 2 of direction for shoot the upper and lower face appearance image of single grain on above-mentioned take-up (stock) pan 2 jointly, and discernment detects grain and whether belongs to perfect grain.
The detection process is as follows:
wait to detect grain and put in hopper 4, under the vibration of vibrating mechanism 5, it is a row in row 6 discharge chute another end blanking at discharge chute 6 one by one to get into in discharge chute 6, take this embodiment as an example, adopt array on take-up (stock) pan 2 blanking, specifically do: before the detection is started, one end of the other side of the material receiving disc 2 is moved to be positioned above the shooting hole 11 through the moving mechanism 3, after the material is discharged, the material receiving disc 2 is rapidly controlled to transversely move to one end of the material receiving disc through the moving mechanism 3 for another material discharging till the grains are discharged in a row, after one row is finished, the moving mechanism 3 controls the material receiving disc 2 to transversely move to the other side of the material receiving disc for a certain distance (line spacing), in this way, the material receiving disc 2 is controlled to move (circuitously move) to enable the grains to be discharged on the material receiving disc to be arrayed, after each time of material discharging is finished, the machine vision system controls the upper camera module 8 and the lower camera module 8 to shoot the upper surface and the lower surface of the grains before the material receiving disc 2 moves, and image information is fed back, when the material receiving disc 2 is fully distributed with the materials in rows and columns, one detection work is finished, the grains, data are conveniently traced (if a certain row or a certain column is detected to be problematic, only the grain in the row needs to be detected again), and in the detection process, the grain can be conveniently counted by the aid of single grain detection one by one.
The following are specifically mentioned: grain is approximate array in arranging on take-up pan 2, because grain drops the contact back on take-up pan 2, has the rebound offset of less range, but this offset is controllable, and the range is less, does not influence grain's normal arrangement and shoot and backtrack.
As a preferred embodiment, the moving mechanism 3 includes a longitudinal moving module, a transverse moving module and a frame 31, the receiving tray 2 is a rectangular tray, the frame 31 is adapted to the shape of the receiving tray 2 and horizontally disposed below the receiving tray 2, the transverse moving module is mounted on the frame 31 and is in transmission connection with the lower end of the receiving tray 2 for driving the receiving tray 2 to linearly move towards two ends thereof, and the longitudinal moving module is mounted on the upper end of the working platform 1 and is in transmission connection with the frame 31 for driving the frame 31 to linearly move towards two ends thereof.
In this embodiment, frame 31 is located the periphery of shooting hole 11 all the time at the removal in-process, realizes the two-dimensional movement of take-up (stock) pan 2 through the removal of two directions, ensures that take-up (stock) pan 2's optional position can both move to shooting hole 11 top, does benefit to the effective detection of shooing of grain.
As a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal moving module includes a first linear guide 32 and a first rail 33, the first linear guide 32 and the first rail 33 are respectively installed on the upper end of the work platform 1 and located on both sides of the shooting hole 11, and the longitudinal directions of the first linear guide 32 and the first rail 33 extend along both ends of the receiving tray 2; the lower ends of both sides of the frame 31 are connected to the movement actuator of the first linear guide 32 and the slider on the first rail 33, respectively.
In this embodiment, the longitudinal movement module adopts prior art's linear guide, and the technique is more mature, and it is more steady to remove, and the performance is good, and the steady movement of easily take-up (stock) pan 2 connects the material.
In a preferred embodiment, the transverse moving module includes two second linear guide rails 34, the two second linear guide rails 34 extend along two sides of the material receiving tray 2 in the longitudinal direction, and are respectively mounted on the upper ends of the frame strips at two ends of the frame 31, and the lower ends of two ends of the material receiving tray 2 are respectively connected to the moving actuators of the two second linear guide rails 34.
In this embodiment, the lateral shifting module adopts prior art's linear guide, and the technique is more mature, and it is more steady to remove, and the performance is good, and the steady movement of easily take-up (stock) pan 2 connects the material.
In a preferred embodiment, an end of the discharge chute 6 remote from the hopper 4 extends obliquely downward to be close to the upper surface of the receiving tray 2.
In the embodiment, the distance between the other end of the discharge groove 6 and the upper surface of the material receiving disc 2 is shortened through the downward-inclined extension part, so that the bounce of grain particles after the grain particles are discharged on the surface of the material receiving disc 2 is reduced.
Specifically, the discharge chute 6 is generally horizontally arranged or obliquely downwards arranged, so that smooth blanking of grain particles is facilitated.
The groove shape of the discharge groove 6 can have various shapes according to the difference of grain varieties, such as a U-shaped section (the bottom wall is straight or downwards in an arc-shaped concave shape), a V-shaped section, an inverted trapezoidal section and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper edges of both ends of the receiving tray 2 are respectively vertically provided with flanges 21 extending towards both sides thereof along the edge lines thereof, the outside of each of the flanges 21 on both sides is respectively provided with a traversing mechanism 22, a strip-shaped pushing plate 23 contacting with the upper surface of the receiving tray 2 is arranged between the flanges 21 on both sides, both ends of the pushing plate 23 are respectively in transmission connection with the two traversing mechanisms 22, the two traversing mechanisms 22 are used for synchronously driving the pushing plate 23 to move between the edges of both sides thereof along the surface of the receiving tray 2, and the lower end of the other end of the discharge chute 6 is higher than the upper end of the pushing plate 23.
In this embodiment, the material pushing plate 23 and the transverse moving mechanism 22 are arranged on the material receiving tray 2, so that after the material receiving tray 2 is full of grain particles, the transverse moving mechanism 22 drives the material pushing plate 23 to move towards the other side along one side of the material receiving tray 2, and then the grain can be pushed away from the material receiving tray 2, and automatic collection is realized.
Preferably, the receiving box 9 is arranged on the other side of the receiving tray 2, the upper end of the receiving box 9 is open, a plurality of independent receiving cavities are formed in the receiving box 9 along the extending direction of the two ends of the receiving tray 2, and an electronic weighing device connected with the machine vision system is arranged at the bottom of the receiving box 9.
In this embodiment, a plurality of independent material receiving cavities in the material receiving box 9 are designed to be matched with a plurality of grains in each row (that is, the number of the material receiving cavities corresponds to each row of grains arranged in an array on the material receiving plate 2), the center distance between every two adjacent material receiving cavities is approximately similar to the distance between every two adjacent rows of grains on the material receiving plate 2, and after the detection is finished, the grains in each row can be pushed into the corresponding material receiving cavity through the pushing of the 22-level material pushing plate 23 of the transverse moving mechanism, so that the subsequent data backtracking is facilitated.
In a preferred embodiment, the lateral movement mechanism 22 is a belt conveying mechanism, and both ends of the pusher plate 23 are connected to belts of the two belt conveying mechanisms, respectively.
In this embodiment, belt conveyor is prior art, can drive scraping wings 23 and stabilize the translation and push away the material.
As a preferable embodiment, the receiving device further comprises a photoelectric sensor connected to the machine vision system, wherein an emitting end and a receiving end of the photoelectric sensor are respectively disposed above two ends of the receiving tray 2, and correspond to the other end of the discharge chute 6, for detecting the blanking information at the other end of the discharge chute 6.
In this embodiment, the design of the photosensor functions as: when the other end of the discharge chute 6 is dropped by grain, the other end of the discharge chute can be sensed by the photoelectric sensor and fed back to the machine vision system, and the machine vision system simultaneously controls the two camera modules 8 to shoot the upper surface shape picture information and the lower surface shape picture information of the dropped grain.
Preferably, a supplementary lighting source 81 is respectively disposed at the periphery of the lens of each of the two camera modules 8.
In this scheme, light filling light source 81 is used for reinforcing light and correspondingly takes a photograph the illumination of taking a photograph hole 11 department about take-up pan 2, ensures that two modules 8 of making a video recording can be clear take a photograph the discernment to the grain single grain.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.