CN112242605A - Antenna structure - Google Patents
Antenna structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112242605A CN112242605A CN201910642727.2A CN201910642727A CN112242605A CN 112242605 A CN112242605 A CN 112242605A CN 201910642727 A CN201910642727 A CN 201910642727A CN 112242605 A CN112242605 A CN 112242605A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/06—Details
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Abstract
一种天线结构。该天线结构包括：第一馈入部、第二馈入部、换衡器结构、第一辐射部、第二辐射部、第三辐射部、第四辐射部、第五辐射部、第六辐射部以及介质基板；换衡器结构包括中央接地部、第一连接部、第二连接部、第三连接部以及第四连接部；第一连接部和第三连接部皆至少部分包围中央接地部；第五辐射部和第一辐射部之间形成第一耦合间隙；第五辐射部和第三辐射部之间形成第二耦合间隙；第六辐射部和第二辐射部之间形成第三耦合间隙；第六辐射部和第四辐射部之间形成第四耦合间隙。本发明具备下列优势：涵盖较宽频带、提供近似全向性的辐射场型、有效地缩小整体天线尺寸、提高天线辐射效率、结构简单容易大量生产、可降低整体制造成本。
An antenna structure. The antenna structure includes: a first feed part, a second feed part, a balun structure, a first radiating part, a second radiating part, a third radiating part, a fourth radiating part, a fifth radiating part, a sixth radiating part and a dielectric substrate; the balun structure includes a central grounding part, a first connecting part, a second connecting part, a third connecting part and a fourth connecting part; the first connecting part and the third connecting part both at least partially surround the central grounding part; a first coupling gap is formed between the fifth radiating part and the first radiating part; a second coupling gap is formed between the fifth radiating part and the third radiating part; a third coupling gap is formed between the sixth radiating part and the second radiating part; and a fourth coupling gap is formed between the sixth radiating part and the fourth radiating part. The present invention has the following advantages: covering a wider frequency band, providing a radiation field pattern that is approximately omnidirectional, effectively reducing the overall antenna size, improving the antenna radiation efficiency, having a simple structure and being easy to mass produce, and reducing the overall manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an antenna structure, and more particularly, to a small-sized Omnidirectional antenna structure.
Background
With the development of mobile communication technology, mobile devices have become increasingly popular in recent years, such as: portable computers, mobile phones, multimedia players and other portable electronic devices with mixed functions. To meet the demand of people, mobile devices generally have a function of wireless communication. Some cover long-range wireless communication ranges, such as: the mobile phone uses 2G, 3G, LTE (Long Term Evolution) system and its used frequency bands of 700MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 1900MHz, 2100MHz, 2300MHz and 2500MHz for communication, while some cover short-distance wireless communication ranges, for example: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth systems use frequency bands of 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz, and 5.8GHz for communication.
A Wireless Access Point (Wireless Access Point) is an essential element for enabling a mobile device to Access internet indoors at a high speed. However, since the indoor environment is full of signal reflection and Multipath Fading (Multipath Fading), the wireless network base station must be able to process signals from all directions simultaneously. Therefore, how to design a small-sized omni-directional (omni-directional) antenna structure in the limited space of the wireless network base station has become a big challenge for designers nowadays.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide an antenna structure to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an antenna structure, comprising: a first feeding part, which is coupled to a feeding point; a second feeding part coupled to the feeding point; a weight changer structure, the weight changer structure comprising: a central grounding part, which is provided with a central opening; a first connecting portion coupled to the central ground portion, wherein the first connecting portion at least partially surrounds the central ground portion; a second connecting part coupled to the central grounding part; a third connecting portion coupled to the central ground portion, wherein the third connecting portion at least partially surrounds the central ground portion; and a fourth connecting portion coupled to the central ground portion; a first radiation part coupled to the first connection part, wherein the first radiation part is fed by the first feed-in part; a second radiation part coupled to the third connection part, wherein the second radiation part is fed by the second feed-in part; a third radiation part adjacent to or coupled to the second connection part; a fourth radiation portion adjacent to or coupled to the fourth connection portion; a fifth radiation part, wherein a first coupling gap is formed between the fifth radiation part and the first radiation part, and a second coupling gap is formed between the fifth radiation part and the third radiation part; a sixth radiation part, wherein a third coupling gap is formed between the sixth radiation part and the second radiation part, and a fourth coupling gap is formed between the sixth radiation part and the fourth radiation part; and a dielectric substrate having an upper surface and a lower surface; wherein the first feed-in part and the second feed-in part are both arranged on the upper surface of the medium substrate; the first radiating portion, the second radiating portion, the third radiating portion, the fourth radiating portion, the fifth radiating portion, and the sixth radiating portion are disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.
In some embodiments, the antenna structure covers an operating band between 5150MHz to 5850 MHz.
In some embodiments, a combination of the first feeding part and the second feeding part presents an S-shape.
In some embodiments, the antenna structure further comprises: a first through element penetrating the dielectric substrate, wherein the first feed-in part is coupled to the first radiation part through the first through element; and a second through-element penetrating the dielectric substrate, wherein the second feeding-in part is coupled to the second radiation part via the second through-element.
In some embodiments, a first resonant path is formed from the feeding point through the first feeding portion, the first through element, and the first connecting portion to the central opening of the central ground portion, a second resonant path is formed from the feeding point through the second feeding portion, the second through element, the third connecting portion to the central opening of the central ground portion, and the length of each of the first resonant path and the second resonant path is an integral multiple of 0.25 times the wavelength of the operating band.
In some embodiments, the antenna structure further comprises: a coaxial cable includes a center conductor and a conductor housing, wherein the center conductor passes through the central opening and is coupled to the feed point, and the conductor housing is coupled to the central grounding portion.
In some embodiments, the central ground portion exhibits a zigzag shape.
In some embodiments, the first connection portion includes a first U-shaped portion and a first straight bar portion coupled to each other, and the third connection portion includes a second U-shaped portion and a second straight bar portion coupled to each other.
In some embodiments, a combination of the first radiating portion, the second radiating portion, the third radiating portion, the fourth radiating portion, the fifth radiating portion, and the sixth radiating portion forms a ring structure.
In some embodiments, the balancer structures are disposed within the hollow interior of the ring structure.
In some embodiments, the ring structure is a hollow square.
In some embodiments, the ring structure is a hollow circle.
In some embodiments, the length or width of the ring structure is between 0.1 and 0.5 wavelengths of the operating band.
In some embodiments, each of the first coupling gap, the second coupling gap, the third coupling gap, and the fourth coupling gap presents an N-shape.
In some embodiments, each of the first coupling gap, the second coupling gap, the third coupling gap, and the fourth coupling gap presents a V-shape.
In some embodiments, the length of each of the first, second, third, and fourth coupling gaps is between 0 and 0.25 wavelengths of the operating band.
In some embodiments, each of the first coupling gap, the second coupling gap, the third coupling gap, and the fourth coupling gap has a width between 0.1mm and 2 mm.
In some embodiments, a fifth coupling gap is formed between the second connecting portion and the third radiating portion, and a sixth coupling gap is formed between the fourth connecting portion and the fourth radiating portion.
In some embodiments, the second connecting portion further includes a first end bent portion adjacent to the fifth coupling gap, and the fourth connecting portion further includes a second end bent portion adjacent to the sixth coupling gap.
In some embodiments, each of the fifth coupling gap and the sixth coupling gap has a width between 0.1mm and 0.3 mm.
The present invention provides a novel antenna structure, which has at least the following advantages compared with the conventional technology: (1) covering a wider frequency band; (2) providing a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern; (3) the size of the whole antenna is effectively reduced; (4) the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved; (5) the structure is simple and easy to produce in large scale; and (6) overall manufacturing costs can be reduced. Therefore, the present invention is well suited for use in various multi-band communication devices or wireless network base stations.
Drawings
Fig. 1A is a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a radiation pattern diagram of the antenna structure in an operating frequency band according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4A is a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5A is a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6A is a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7A is a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 7C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
100. 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 antenna structure
105 dielectric substrate
110 first feeding-in part
111 first end of the first feed-in part
112 second end of the first feed-in part
120 second feeding part
121 first end of the second feed-in part
122 second end of the second feed-in part
130 weighing apparatus structure
140 central grounding part
141 first end of central grounding part
142 second end of central grounding part
145 central opening
150 first connection part
151 first end of first connection portion
152 second end of the first connection portion
154 first U-shaped part
155 first straight bar-shaped part
160. 460, 560 second connecting part
161. 461, 561 first end of second connecting part
162. 462, 562 second end of the second connecting portion
170 third connecting part
171 first end of the third connecting portion
172 second end of third connecting portion
174 second U-shaped portion
175 second straight strip-shaped part
180. 480, 580 fourth connecting part
181. 481, 581 first end of fourth connecting part
182. 482, 582 second end of fourth connecting portion
191 a first through element
192 second pass-through member
210 first radiation part
220 second radiation part
230 third radiation part
240 fourth radiation portion
250 fifth radiation part
260 sixth radiation part
270 coaxial cable
271 center conductor
272 conductor housing
565 first end bent portion
585 second end bend
FP feed-in point
GC1, GC61 first coupling gap
GC2, GC62 second coupling gap
Third coupling gap of GC3, GC63
Fourth coupling gap of GC4, GC64
Fifth coupling gap of GC5
GC6 sixth coupling gap
L1, L2, L3 Length
PA1 first resonant path
PA2 second resonance path
W1, W3, W4 Width
X X axle
Y Y axle
Z Z axle
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Certain terms are used throughout the description and following claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. The present specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The term "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, within which a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem to achieve the basic technical result. In addition, the term "coupled" is used herein to encompass any direct or indirect electrical connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct electrical connection, or through an indirect electrical connection via other devices and connections.
Fig. 1A shows a complete schematic diagram of an Antenna Structure (Antenna Structure)100 according to an embodiment of the invention. The antenna structure 100 includes a Dielectric Substrate (Dielectric Substrate)105 having an upper surface and a lower surface opposite to each other. The dielectric substrate 105 may be a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), an FR4 (film resistor 4) substrate, or a Flexible Circuit Board (FCB). Fig. 1B shows a schematic diagram of an upper portion of the Antenna structure 100, i.e., a portion of an Antenna Pattern (Antenna Pattern) on an upper surface of the dielectric substrate 105 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1C shows a schematic diagram of a lower portion of the antenna structure 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, that is, another portion of the antenna pattern on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 105. FIG. 1A is a combination of both FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C. It should be noted that fig. 1B is a top view of fig. 1A, but fig. 1C is a perspective view of the lower antenna pattern of fig. 1A rather than a back view thereof (which would differ by 180 deg.f flip). Please refer to fig. 1A, fig. 1B, and fig. 1C. The antenna structure 100 may be applied to a Wireless Access Point (Wireless Access Point). In FIG. 1A,
In the embodiment of fig. 1B and 1C, in addition to the dielectric substrate 105, the antenna structure 100 further includes: a first Feeding Element (Feeding Element)110, a second Feeding Element 120, a Balun Structure (balance Structure)130, a first Radiation Element (Radiation Element)210, a second Radiation Element 220, a third Radiation Element 230, a fourth Radiation Element 240, a fifth Radiation Element 250, and a sixth Radiation Element 260, wherein the Balun Structure 130 includes a Central Ground Element (Central Ground Element)140, a first Connection Element (Connection Element)150, a second Connection Element 160, a third Connection Element 170, and a fourth Connection Element 180. All the above components can be made of metal materials, such as: copper, silver, aluminum, iron, or alloys thereof. The first feeding element 110 and the second feeding element 120 may be disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 105. The balun structure 130, the first radiation portion 210, the second radiation portion 220, the third radiation portion 230, the fourth radiation portion 240, the fifth radiation portion 250, and the sixth radiation portion 260 may be disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 105.
The antenna structure 100 has a Feeding Point (FP), which can be coupled to a Signal Source (Signal Source), for example: a Radio Frequency (RF) module (not shown) and the signal source may be used to excite the antenna structure 100. The first feeding element 110 and the second feeding element 120 may each substantially present a U shape or a straight strip shape. A combination of the first feeding element 110 and the second feeding element 120 may substantially present an S-shape. For example, the feed point FP may be located at the very center of the aforementioned S-shape. In detail, the first feeding element 110 has a first end 111 and a second end 112, wherein the first end 111 of the first feeding element 110 is coupled to the feeding point FP, and the second feeding element 120 has a first end 121 and a second end 122, wherein the first end 121 of the second feeding element 120 is coupled to the feeding point FP. In some embodiments, the antenna structure 100 further includes a first through Element (Via Element)191 and a second through Element 192 made of metal material, which penetrate through the dielectric substrate 105. The second end 112 of the first feeding portion 110 can be coupled to the first radiation portion 210 through the first through element 191. The second end 122 of the second feeding portion 120 may be coupled to the second radiation portion 220 through the second through member 192.
The central grounding portion 140 may have a zigzag shape, wherein a central opening 145 is formed on the central grounding portion 140, and the central opening 145 may be circular, square, or triangular, but is not limited thereto. The central grounding portion 140 has a first end 141 and a second end 142 that are far away from each other. The first connection portion 150 at least partially surrounds the central ground portion 140. The first connecting portion 150 has a first end 151 and a second end 152, wherein the first end 151 of the first connecting portion 150 is coupled to the first end 141 of the central ground portion 140. In some embodiments, the first connection portion 150 includes a first U-shaped portion 154 (adjacent to the first end 151) and a first straight bar portion 155 (adjacent to the second end 152) coupled to each other, wherein an Open Side (Open Side) of the first U-shaped portion 154 faces the central ground portion 140. The second connection part 160 may have a substantially straight bar shape. The second connecting portion 160 has a first end 161 and a second end 162, wherein the first end 161 of the second connecting portion 160 is coupled to the first end 141 of the central ground portion 140, and the second end 162 of the second connecting portion 160 extends in a direction substantially opposite to the second end 152 of the first connecting portion 150. The third connection portion 170 at least partially surrounds the central ground portion 140. The third connecting portion 170 has a first end 171 and a second end 172, wherein the first end 171 of the third connecting portion 170 is coupled to the second end 142 of the central ground portion 140. In some embodiments, the third connection portion 170 includes a second U-shaped portion 174 (adjacent to the first end 171) and a second straight bar portion 175 (adjacent to the second end 172) coupled to each other, wherein an open side of the second U-shaped portion 174 faces the central ground portion 140. The fourth connection portion 180 may substantially have a straight bar shape. The fourth connecting portion 180 has a first end 181 and a second end 182, wherein the first end 181 of the fourth connecting portion 180 is coupled to the second end 142 of the central ground portion 140, and the second end 182 of the fourth connecting portion 180 can extend in a direction substantially opposite to the second end 172 of the third connecting portion 170. It should be noted that the term "adjacent" or "adjacent" in this specification may refer to a distance between two corresponding elements being less than a predetermined distance (e.g., 5mm or less), and may also include the case where two corresponding elements are in direct contact with each other (i.e., the distance is shortened to 0).
The first radiation portion 210 is coupled to the second end 152 of the first connection portion 150, wherein the first radiation portion 210 is directly fed by the first feeding portion 110 through the first through element 191. The first through element 191 may be located substantially at the intersection of the first radiating portion 210 and the second end 152 of the first connecting portion 150. The second radiation portion 220 is coupled to the second end 172 of the third connection portion 170, wherein the second radiation portion 220 is directly fed by the second feeding portion 120 through the second through element 192. The second pass-through member 192 may be located substantially at the intersection of the second radiating portion 220 and the second end 172 of the third connecting portion 170. The third radiation portion 230 is directly coupled to the second end 162 of the second connection portion 160. The fourth radiation portion 240 is directly coupled to the second end 182 of the fourth connection portion 180. In detail, each of the first radiation portion 210, the second radiation portion 220, the third radiation portion 230, and the fourth radiation portion 240 has a non-uniform width structure, wherein a narrower portion of the non-uniform width structure is coupled to a corresponding connection portion through a wider portion. The fifth radiation part 250 is in a Floating state (Floating) and adjacent to the first radiation part 210 and the third radiation part 230, wherein a first Coupling Gap GC1 is formed between the fifth radiation part 250 and the first radiation part 210, and a second Coupling Gap GC2 is formed between the fifth radiation part 250 and the third radiation part 230. The sixth radiation portion 260 is in a floating state and is adjacent to the second radiation portion 220 and the fourth radiation portion 240, wherein a third coupling gap GC3 is formed between the sixth radiation portion 260 and the second radiation portion 220, and a fourth coupling gap GC4 is formed between the sixth radiation portion 260 and the fourth radiation portion 240. For example, each of the first coupling gap GC1, the second coupling gap GC2, the third coupling gap GC3, and the fourth coupling gap GC4 may substantially exhibit an N-shape. A combination of the first radiation portion 210, the second radiation portion 220, the third radiation portion 230, the fourth radiation portion 240, the fifth radiation portion 250, and the sixth radiation portion 260 forms a Loop Structure (Loop Structure), and the aforementioned balun Structure 130 is disposed in the hollow interior of the Loop Structure. For example, the ring structure may be substantially a hollow square. It should be understood that the shapes and patterns of the first radiating portion 210, the second radiating portion 220, the third radiating portion 230, the fourth radiating portion 240, the fifth radiating portion 250, the sixth radiating portion 260, the first coupling gap GC1, the second coupling gap GC2, the third coupling gap GC3, and the fourth coupling gap GC4 can be adjusted according to different requirements. In some embodiments, the antenna structure 100 exhibits a point symmetry along its central feed point FP.
In some embodiments, the antenna structure 100 may cover an operating Frequency Band (Operation Frequency Band) between 5150MHz and 5850 MHz. Thus, the antenna structure 100 can support at least 5GHz wide-band WLAN (wireless Local Area networks) operation. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100 can be adjusted according to different requirements.
Fig. 2 shows a Radiation Pattern (Radiation Pattern) of the antenna structure 100 in an operating frequency band, which is measured along the XY plane, according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the measurement results of fig. 2, the antenna structure 100 can generate a nearly Omnidirectional (omni) Horizontally Polarized radiation pattern, which can meet the practical application requirements.
Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of an antenna structure 300 according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is similar to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C. In the embodiment of fig. 3, the antenna structure 300 further includes a Coaxial Cable (coax Cable) 270. The coaxial cable 270 includes a Central Conductive Line (Central Conductive Line)271 and a Conductive Housing (Conductive Housing)272, wherein a Positive Electrode (Positive Electrode) of the signal source can be coupled to the Central Conductive Line 271, and a Negative Electrode (Negative Electrode) of the signal source can be coupled to the Conductive Housing 272, so as to excite the antenna structure 300. In detail, the central wire 271 passes through the central opening 145 and is coupled to the feed point FP, and the conductor housing 272 is coupled to the central ground portion 140. Based on practical measurements, the balun structure 130 can absorb the vertical current on the conductor housing 272, so as to suppress the vertical-Polarized (Vertically-Polarized) radiation pattern of the antenna structure 300.
In the mentioned design, by making an appropriate bending design for each radiation portion of the antenna structure 100 (or 300), the overall size of the antenna structure 100 (or 300) can be effectively reduced. According to the actual measurement result, the addition of the balun structure 130 can also suppress the unnecessary vertical polarization radiation pattern, so as to improve the overall radiation gain of the antenna. The Antenna structure 100 (or 300) of the present invention can be reduced in total area by about 75% compared to a conventional Alford Loop Antenna (Alford Loop Antenna), without affecting its operating band and radiation efficiency. Therefore, the antenna structure 100 (or 300) of the present invention can combine the advantages of small size, wide frequency band, omni-directionality, and high antenna efficiency.
In some embodiments, the element dimensions of the antenna structure 100 (or 300) may be as follows. A first Resonant Path (Resonant Path) PA1 is formed from the feeding point FP through the first feeding portion 110, the first through element 191, and the first connecting portion 150 to the central opening 145 of the central grounding portion 140. In addition, a second resonant path PA2 is formed from the feeding point FP through the second feeding portion 120, the second through-element 192, and the third connecting portion 170 to the central opening 145 of the central ground portion 140. The length of each of the first resonant path PA1 and the second resonant path PA2 may be substantially equal to an integer multiple of 0.25 wavelengths (i.e., N x 0.25 λ, where N is a positive integer, and preferably may be equal to 3) of the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100 (or 300). The length L1 or (and) the width W1 of the loop structure formed by the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth radiation portions 210, 220, 230, 240, 250 and 260 may be between 0.1 and 0.5 wavelengths (0.1-0.5 λ) of the operating band of the antenna structure 100 (or 300). The length L2 of each of the first feeding element 110 and the second feeding element 120 may be between 0.1 times and 0.5 times (0.1 λ and 0.5 λ) the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100 (or 300). The length L3 of each of the first, second, third, and fourth coupling gaps GC2, GC2, GC3, and GC4 may be between 0 and 0.25 wavelengths (0-0.25 λ) of the operating band of the antenna structure 100 (or 300). The width W3 of each of the first, second, third, and fourth coupling gaps GC2, GC2, GC3, and GC4 may be between 0.1mm and 2 mm. The above ranges of element sizes are derived from multiple experimental results, which help to optimize the operating Bandwidth (Operation Bandwidth) and Impedance Matching (Impedance Matching) of the antenna structure 100 (or 300).
Fig. 4A shows a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure 400 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure 400 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of the antenna structure 400 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C are similar to fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C. In the embodiments of fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C, the antenna structure 400 includes a second connection portion 460 and a fourth connection portion 480, which are replaced by a Coupling Feeding Mechanism (direct Feeding Mechanism) instead of the direct Feeding Mechanism (direct Feeding Mechanism). In detail, the second connection part 460 has a first end 461 and a second end 462, wherein the second end 462 of the second connection part 460 is adjacent to the third radiation part 230 but separated from the third radiation part 230, and the fourth connection part 480 has a first end 481 and a second end 482, wherein the second end 482 of the fourth connection part 480 is adjacent to the fourth radiation part 240 but separated from the fourth radiation part 240. A fifth coupling gap GC5 is formed between the second end 462 of the second connection part 460 and the third radiation part 230. A sixth coupling gap GC5 is formed between the second end 482 of the fourth connection portion 480 and the fourth radiation portion 240. For example, the width W4 of each of the fifth coupling gap GC5 and the sixth coupling gap GC6 may be between 0.1mm and 0.3mm to enhance the coupling effect between the devices. According to the actual measurement results, the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 400 using the coupling feeding mechanism is hardly changed compared to the antenna structure 100 using the direct feeding mechanism. The remaining features of the antenna structure 400 of fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C are similar to the antenna structure 100 of fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C, so that similar operation effects can be achieved in both embodiments.
Fig. 5A shows a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure 500 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure 500 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure 500 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5A, 5B, 5C are similar to fig. 4A, 4B, 4C. In the embodiment of fig. 5A, 5B, and 5C, the antenna structure 500 includes a second connection portion 560 and a fourth connection portion 580, wherein the second connection portion 560 further includes a first end bend portion 565, and the fourth connection portion 580 further includes a second end bend portion 585. In detail, the second connection portion 560 has a first end 561 and a second end 562, wherein the first end bent portion 565 is located at the second end 562 of the second connection portion 560 and adjacent to the fifth coupling gap GC5 and the third radiating portion 230, and the fourth connection portion 580 has a first end 581 and a second end 582, wherein the second end bent portion 585 is located at the second end 582 of the fourth connection portion 580 and adjacent to the sixth coupling gap GC6 and the fourth radiating portion 240. According to the actual measurement results, the addition of the first and second end bent portions 565 and 585 may further enhance the coupling effect with respect to the fifth and sixth coupling gaps GC5 and GC6, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 500 may be improved. The remaining features of the antenna structure 500 of fig. 5A, 5B, and 5C are similar to the antenna structure 400 of fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C, so that similar operation effects can be achieved in both embodiments.
Fig. 6A shows a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure 600 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure 600 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure 600 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6A, 6B, and 6C are similar to fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C. In the embodiments of fig. 6A, 6B, and 6C, the antenna structure 600 has a first coupling gap GC61, a second coupling gap GC62, a third coupling gap GC63, and a fourth coupling gap GC64 with different shapes. For example, each of the first coupling gap GC61, the second coupling gap GC62, the third coupling gap GC63, and the fourth coupling gap GC64 may substantially exhibit a V-shape or a U-shape. According to practical measurement results, such a design can further enhance the coupling effect with respect to the first coupling gap GC61, the second coupling gap GC62, the third coupling gap GC63, and the fourth coupling gap GC64, so as to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 600. . The remaining features of the antenna structure 600 of fig. 6A, 6B, and 6C are similar to the antenna structure 100 of fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C, so that similar operation effects can be achieved in both embodiments.
Fig. 7A shows a complete schematic diagram of an antenna structure 700 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 7B is a schematic diagram of an upper portion of an antenna structure 700 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 7C is a schematic diagram of a lower portion of an antenna structure 700 according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C are similar to fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C. In the embodiments of fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the whole antenna structure 700 is changed to be a circular shape, so that the ring structure is also changed to be a hollow circular shape. According to actual measurement results, the radiation efficiency of the invention is not negatively influenced by the design. In other embodiments, the antenna structure 700 may be modified to have other geometries, such as: an oval, a triangle, a hexagon, or an octagon, but is not limited thereto. The remaining features of the antenna structure 700 of fig. 7A, 7B, and 7C are similar to those of the antenna structure 100 of fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C, so that similar operation effects can be achieved in both embodiments.
The present invention provides a novel antenna structure, which has at least the following advantages compared with the conventional technology: (1) covering a wider frequency band; (2) providing a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern; (3) the size of the whole antenna is effectively reduced; (4) the radiation efficiency of the antenna is improved; (5) the structure is simple and easy to produce in large scale; and (6) overall manufacturing costs can be reduced. Therefore, the present invention is well suited for use in various multi-band communication devices or wireless network base stations.
It is noted that the sizes, shapes and frequency ranges of the above-mentioned components are not limitations of the present invention. The antenna designer can adjust these settings according to different needs. The antenna structure of the present invention is not limited to the states illustrated in fig. 1A to 7C. The present invention may include only any one or more features of any one or more of the embodiments of fig. 1A-7C. In other words, not all illustrated features may be implemented in the antenna structure of the present invention at the same time.
Ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims are not to be given a sequential order, but are merely used to identify two different elements having the same name.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114976604A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-30 | 宏碁股份有限公司 | Mobile device |
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