CN112235698B

CN112235698B - Vibration plate, speaker module and electronic device having the same

Info

Publication number: CN112235698B
Application number: CN202011165548.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏鹏江; 黄木泽; 罗明亚; 袁世明
Original assignee: Merry Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Current assignee: Merry Technology Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-27
Filing date: 2020-10-27
Publication date: 2025-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-27
Also published as: CN112235698A

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a vibration plate and a speaker module and an electronic device having the same, wherein the vibration plate comprises: a first vibration membrane, the edge of which is provided with an annular hollow protrusion, and the middle part surrounded by the protrusion is a plane; an annular middle plate, the middle of which is provided with a first through hole, the annular middle plate is attached to the middle part, and the middle part blocks the first through hole on the attachment surface of the annular middle plate. The embodiment of the present invention can allocate more space to the back cavity, so that the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module is improved, and the second vibration membrane blocked on the annular first through hole can generate multiple high-order modes, so that the sound wave energy is evenly distributed, the high-frequency sensitivity is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth is widened.

Description

Vibrating plate and speaker module and electronic equipment with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vibrating plates, in particular to a vibrating plate, a loudspeaker module with the vibrating plate and electronic equipment.

Background

With the continuous rapid development of science and technology, consumers have an increasing demand for electronic products such as mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, intelligent speakers, and the like. In order to meet the demands of people on electronic products and improve market share, the time interval of updating the electronic products by related manufacturers is gradually shortened so as to blend the latest technology into the electronic products more quickly.

In the related art, to meet the market demand, the external dimensions of electronic products are continuously moving toward smaller and thinner dimensions. Under the condition that the space is gradually reduced, the space occupied by the loudspeaker module in the electronic product is gradually reduced. The performance of the diaphragm among the constituent members of the speaker module is a large component in determining sound quality.

Under the trend of gradually reducing the space occupied by the speaker module in the electronic product, how to design the speaker module with better performance in a limited space becomes a technical problem that the electroacoustic engineer needs to continuously study in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide a vibrating plate, a speaker module and an electronic device having the same.

According to the first aspect of the invention, a vibrating plate is provided, and comprises a first vibrating diaphragm, wherein an annular hollow bulge is arranged at the edge of the first vibrating diaphragm, the middle part surrounded by the bulge is a plane, a first through hole is formed in the middle of the annular middle flitch, the annular middle flitch is attached to the middle part, and the middle part is used for blocking the first through hole on the attaching surface of the annular middle flitch.

The first vibrating diaphragm comprises a fixing part and a second vibrating diaphragm, wherein the joint surface of the annular middle flitch is fixedly attached to the fixing part, a second through hole is formed in the middle of the annular middle flitch, corresponding to the first through hole, the second vibrating diaphragm is connected to the annular middle flitch, and the second vibrating diaphragm seals the first through hole.

In any of the above embodiments, the fixing portion is preferably fixedly connected to the annular middle plate by adhesive bonding.

In any of the above aspects, it is preferable that the fixing portion is provided with a pressing belt having an equal width extending in a circumferential direction of the protrusion.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the size of the first through hole is determined according to the frequency of the higher-order mode in the excited state of the second diaphragm and the material of the second diaphragm.

In any of the above embodiments, the annular middle veneer is preferably one of a metal plate, a metal composite foam material plate, and a nonmetallic plate with a hardness reaching a set value.

In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a speaker module is provided, which is mounted on an audio/video electronic device and used for outputting sound, where the speaker module includes an upper shell and a lower shell that are detachably connected, and a vibration plate mounted between the upper shell and the lower shell, the vibration plate dividing a cavity between the upper shell and the lower shell into a front cavity and a rear cavity, and the vibration plate is a vibration plate according to the first aspect and each preferred embodiment.

In the above aspect, preferably, the speaker module further includes a holder fixedly connected to the lower case, the holder defining a direction in which the diaphragm vibrates.

In any of the above schemes, preferably, the speaker module further includes a pressing block, and the pressing block is fixed on the lower case and is used for pressing the first diaphragm.

A third aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides an electronic device provided with the speaker module according to the second aspect and the preferred embodiments.

According to the vibrating plate, the loudspeaker module and the electronic equipment with the vibrating plate, the first through hole is formed in the middle of the middle pasting plate, and the first through hole is plugged through the vibrating film, so that the addition of an acoustic resonant cavity such as a Helmholtz resonant cavity (Helmholtz Resonator, HHR) and the like which are communicated with the front cavity can be avoided, more space can be vacated for the rear cavity, the low-frequency sensitivity is further improved, and in addition, the mechanical resonance of the second vibrating film can be used for replacing the effect of the original acoustic resonant cavity, the middle-high frequency sensitivity is improved, and the manufacturing cost of the loudspeaker module and the electronic equipment is reduced.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vibration plate embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a sectional structure A-A of the embodiment of the vibration plate shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of an annular middle plate of the vibration plate of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of a fixation portion of a vibration plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of an annular middle plate of a diaphragm and a second diaphragm of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of the speaker module of the embodiment of FIG. 6 according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a comparison of simulation effects of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention and a speaker module according to a related art.

The reference numerals comprise 1-first vibrating diaphragm, 11-bulge, 12-middle part, 121-second through hole, 13-fixing part, 131-compressing band, 14-second vibrating diaphragm, 2-annular middle pasting plate, 21-first through hole, 3-upper shell, 31-front cavity, 4-lower shell, 41-rear cavity, 5-vibrating plate, 6-retainer, 7-compressing block and 8-side sound hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to only these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in detail. The present invention will be fully understood by those skilled in the art without the details described herein. Well-known methods, procedures, flows, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the nature of the invention.

Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided herein for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the words "comprise," comprising, "and the like in the description are to be construed in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive sense, that is, in the sense of" including but not limited to.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, in communication between two elements, or in an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically stated. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

When a current is applied to the loudspeaker, the current on the loudspeaker voice coil and the magnetic field around the voice coil make a piston motion along the direction perpendicular to the first vibrating diaphragm 1 or the annular middle flitch 2. Through the piston motion, the vibrating plate vibrates in the direction of the voice coil skeleton piston motion, and the vibrating plate generates sound waves and radiates out.

The micro speaker module comprises an upper shell 3 and a lower shell 4, wherein the vibrating plate 5 separates an inner space defined by the upper shell 3 and the lower shell 4, a front cavity 31 is formed above the vibrating plate 5, and a rear cavity 41 is formed below the vibrating plate. In the micro speaker module, the side sound hole 8 is inevitably required to form side sound due to the limitation of the system space. The middle frequency of the sound generated by the loudspeaker module can generate a sharp peak value due to resonance of the front cavity, so that the hearing of people is greatly influenced. A solution commonly used in the market today is to add an acoustic resonance cavity in communication with the front cavity 31. Although this method can effectively solve the problem of sharp peaks and valleys of the mid-frequency curve, it also inevitably affects the size of the rear cavity 41, and reduces the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module.

On the other hand, the extension of high frequencies is also a constantly pursuing goal for micro-speaker developers. At present, the person skilled in the art mainly researches two aspects of the material of the middle flitch and the shape of the middle flitch, and specifically comprises the steps of manufacturing the middle flitch to select lighter and harder materials and adding a convex hull structure on the middle flitch at the cost of reducing the magnetic circuit performance. Both the two modes can generate a resonance mode which is positioned near 10kHz in the interested audio frequency range, so that the high-frequency curve of the loudspeaker module generates larger peak and valley fluctuation. But the choice of materials can cause the increase of production cost, increase convex hull structure and influence the space in class.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages of the related art speaker, the embodiment of the present invention provides a vibration plate, in which fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the vibration plate, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a section A-A of the embodiment of the vibration plate shown in fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of a preferred embodiment of a ring-shaped middle plate of the vibration plate. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the vibration plate may include a first vibration film 1 and an annular middle flitch 2, where an annular hollow protrusion 11 is disposed at an edge of the first vibration film 1, a middle portion 12 surrounded by the protrusion is a plane, a first through hole 21 is formed in a middle portion of the annular middle flitch 2, the annular middle flitch 2 is attached to the middle portion 12, and the middle portion 12 seals the first through hole 21 on an attaching surface of the annular middle flitch 2.

The first diaphragm 1 in this embodiment may be integrally molded. The protrusion 11 may be formed by bending the first diaphragm 1 along an edge thereof, and the protrusion 11 may be a cavity structure formed on the first diaphragm 1 and having a semicircular cross section. The first communication of the protrusions 11 forms a ring shape matching the shape of the edge of the first diaphragm 1. The edge of the first diaphragm 1, which is connected to the projection 11, is left with a fixing edge for fixing the first diaphragm 1 to other structures of the loudspeaker. The first vibrating diaphragm 1 bent to form the bulge 11 is provided with a fold pattern, so that the middle part 12 of the first vibrating diaphragm 1 surrounded by the bulge 11 can conveniently vibrate to form a buffer.

The middle portion 12 of the first diaphragm 1 surrounded by the protrusion 11 may have a diaphragm structure on the same plane as both sides of the protrusion 11. An annular middle plate 2 can be fixed by gluing to the middle part of the circumference of the projection. The middle part of the annular middle plate 2 is provided with a first through hole 21 matching the shape of the edge of the connecting projection 11 of the middle part 12. In this embodiment, the intermediate portion 12 is connected to the boss 11 and is attached to the middle panel 2, and the portion that closes the first through hole 21.

The first diaphragm 1 may be a polymer material film, has small unit mass and strong toughness, and can buffer vibration by self-generating tensile deformation in the vibration process. Because the rigidity of the first vibrating diaphragm 1 made of the high polymer material is far smaller than that of plates such as metal, after the first vibrating diaphragm 1 is excited, a plurality of resonance modes can be generated by the cooperation of the first vibrating diaphragm 1 and the middle flitch 2. One of the modes is a piston motion, which is consistent with the vibration plate of the speaker module in the related art, and the other modes of higher orders are determined by the first through holes 21, and the higher the size of the first through holes 21, the lower the frequency of the higher order modes. The number of modes generated in the audio frequency range is large, so that the high-frequency performance of the novel loudspeaker module is smoother. Specifically, the size of the first through hole 21 may be optimized by simulation according to the model of the speaker module and the set frequency range.

The size of the first through hole 21 may be determined according to the frequency of the higher-order mode in the excited state of the second diaphragm 14 and the material of the second diaphragm. The size of the first through hole 21 may be a specific size, for example, a rectangular hole with a length of 1mm and a width of 0.5mm and corners having circular arcs, or may be a ratio of the total area of the middle flitch 2, for example, 1/3 of the total area of the middle flitch 2. The shape of the first through hole 21 may be circular, elliptical, or the like, and the size and shape of the first through hole 21 are not particularly limited in this embodiment. The embodiment can determine the type of the used vibrating plate according to different frequency requirements, and avoid the increase of production cost caused by space coordination of each sound cavity of the loudspeaker module.

In other embodiments, fig. 4 is a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of a fixing portion of the vibration plate of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of assembling an annular middle flitch of the vibration plate of the present invention with a second vibration film. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first diaphragm 1 may include a fixing portion 13 and a second diaphragm 14, where the bonding surface of the annular middle flitch 2 is bonded and fixed on the fixing portion 13, the middle portion 12 is provided with a second through hole 121 at a position corresponding to the first through hole 21, the annular middle flitch 2 is connected with the second diaphragm 14 at the first through hole 21, and the second diaphragm 14 seals the first through hole 21. In this embodiment, the fixing portion 13 is used to attach to the annular middle board 2 to fix the annular middle board 2. The fixing portion 13 may include a boss 11 and an intermediate portion 12 surrounded by the annular boss 11.

In the present embodiment, the annular middle board 2 is provided with a first through hole 21, and the fixing portion 13 is provided with a second through hole 121 in accordance with the position, shape, and size of the first through hole 21. After the fixing portion 13 is attached to the annular middle attaching plate 2, the first through hole 21 is communicated with the second through hole 121, wherein the second through hole 121 is blocked by the second vibrating diaphragm 14. That is, in the present embodiment, the passages at the first through hole 21 and the second through hole 121 are blocked by the second diaphragm 14 fixed to the annular middle plate 2. The second diaphragm 14 may be made of a polymer composite material, and the specific material needs to be adjusted according to the specific size of the product and the frequency to be adjusted, and may be basically a polymer composite diaphragm or silica gel in some embodiments. The second diaphragm 14 may be composed of a polyetheretherketone film, a damping material film, and a polyetheretherketone film, or may be a film material formed by mixing a polyetheretherketone material and a damping material. In a specific use process, the material of the fixing portion 13 may be different from the material of the second diaphragm 14.

In this embodiment, the second diaphragm 14 is connected to the first through hole 21 of the annular middle flitch 2 to seal the first through hole 21, so that a formant located at the intermediate frequency can be generated to be used for adjusting the intermediate frequency curve of the speaker module, and the effect of adjusting the intermediate frequency of the acoustic resonant cavity is achieved. The vibrating plate generates a plurality of high-order modes, so that the energy distribution is uniform, the high-frequency sensitivity is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth is further widened. In addition, the design of the second diaphragm 14 can also increase the space of the rear cavity 41 of the speaker module, and further improve the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module.

In some embodiments, the fixing portion 13 extends along the circumference of the protrusion 11 and may be provided with a pressing band 131 of equal width. As shown in fig. 4, the pressing belt 131 surrounds the above-mentioned protrusion 11 and has a certain band width. The fixing portion 13 of this embodiment is used to fix on the voice coil skeleton of the speaker module through the pressing belt 131, so that the voice coil skeleton can transmit vibration to the vibration plate when vibrating, and the vibration plate generates sound waves to be transmitted out of the speaker module. In this embodiment, the compressing band 131 is configured to be integrally formed with the protrusion 11, so that the vibration of the voice coil skeleton can be rapidly transferred to the middle flitch 2 and the middle portion 12 inside the closed annular protrusion 11, and the middle flitch 2 and the middle portion 12 are driven to vibrate.

In some embodiments, the annular middle veneer 2 may be one of an annular metal plate, an annular metal composite foam material plate, and a nonmetallic annular plate with hardness reaching a set value. In one embodiment, the annular metal plate may be an aluminum plate. The aluminum plate has smaller density, light weight for manufacturing the annular middle veneer 2, larger rigidity and difficult deformation, and the middle veneer 2 manufactured by the aluminum plate can improve the high-frequency width of the loudspeaker module. The aluminum plate is made of non-magnetic materials, has no influence on magnetic induction of the voice coil, and avoids interference on the voice coil.

In another embodiment, the annular middle veneer 2 may also be a copper veneer, a sandwich structure composite (AXF) series veneer, or the like. In this embodiment, one implementation manner of the AXF may be a three-layer structural board composed of an aluminum plate, a foam interlayer, and an aluminum plate in this order. The aluminum plate can be used as a skin structure to be adhered to the foaming material interlayer to form the AXF. The AXF series material plates have strong mechanical properties, the overall density is lower than that of the metal plates, and the overall weight of the device can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the normal use of the annular middle flitch 2.

In this embodiment, the "set value" may be determined according to the material used to manufacture the annular middle flitch 2, that is, the set values in the annular middle flitch 2 made of different materials are different, the young modulus of the set values is greater than that of the diaphragm, and the set values may be 10GPa or more.

Based on the same design concept, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a speaker module, which may include an upper case 3 and a lower case 4 that are detachably connected, and a vibration plate 5 installed between the upper case 3 and the lower case 4, where the vibration plate 5 divides a cavity between the upper case 3 and the lower case 4 into a front cavity 31 and a rear cavity 41, and the vibration plate 5 may include the vibration plate 5 as described in the first aspect and any embodiment. In the related art, the high frequency performance of the speaker module depends on the split vibration modes pasted therein, the high frequency performance is represented by curve running, and the peak and the valley are often generated by overlapping with the standing wave effect of the sound outlet, and the energy is respectively more uniform due to the generation of a plurality of high-order modes of the vibrating plate in the design of the novel speaker module.

Fig. 8 is a diagram comparing simulation effects of a speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention and a speaker module according to a related art, in which, in fig. 8, a solid curve is a high frequency representation of the speaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a dotted line is a high frequency representation of the speaker module according to a related art. The vertical coordinates represent Sound Pressure Level (SPL) and the horizontal represents frequency. As can be seen from the directions of the solid and dashed curves in fig. 8, the effective bandwidth can be further widened by using the speaker of the diaphragm according to the first aspect and the preferred embodiments, in which the high frequency sensitivity is greatly improved.

Based on the principle of mechanical resonance, the loudspeaker module is different from the design in the related art, the middle of the vibrating plate 5 is not completely the middle flitch 2, and the vibrating plate 5 is sequentially provided with a high polymer vibrating diaphragm- > an aluminum film- > a high polymer vibrating diaphragm from the outer edge to the inner side center. Because the rigidity of the high molecular diaphragm is far less than that of the original middle flitch, the vibration plate can generate a plurality of resonance modes in an excited state. The first mode is a piston motion and is consistent with the vibration plate of the speaker module in the related art, while the higher-order mode is determined by the size of the first through hole 21 on the middle veneer 2, and the larger the size of the first through hole 21 is, the lower the higher-order mode frequency is. The number of modes generated in the audio frequency range is large, so that the high-frequency performance of the novel loudspeaker module is smoother. The specific hollowed-out size can be optimized through simulation.

The performance of the conventional speaker module often generates a very sharp resonance peak at the intermediate frequency due to the resonance of the front cavity 31, which greatly affects the hearing, but the common adjustment mode is to add an acoustic resonance cavity in the front cavity 31, but the addition of the resonance cavity often needs to eat a large part of the space of the rear cavity 3, so that the resonance frequency of the speaker module is increased, and the extensibility of the low frequency is reduced. Unlike the conventional speaker module, the speaker module of the embodiment of the present invention eliminates the design of the acoustic resonant cavity, thereby increasing the space of the rear cavity 41 and improving the low frequency sensitivity of the speaker module. More space can be allocated to the rear cavity 41, so that the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker module is improved, and the second diaphragm 14 plugged on the annular first through hole 21 can generate a plurality of high-order modes, so that the sound wave energy is uniformly distributed, the high-frequency sensitivity is greatly improved, and the effective bandwidth is widened.

In some embodiments, the speaker module may further include a holder 6, a pressing block 7, the holder 6 being fixedly connected with the lower case 4, the holder 6 defining a direction in which the vibration plate 5 vibrates. The compressing block 7 is fixed on the lower shell 4 to compress the first vibrating diaphragm 1. The embodiment can enable the structure of the loudspeaker module to be more compact and firm, and improve the structural stability of the loudspeaker module.

A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an electronic device provided with the speaker module according to the second aspect and the embodiments, based on the same design concept as the speaker module according to the embodiments of the present invention. The loudspeaker module is arranged in the electronic equipment, so that the weight of the electronic equipment can be reduced, the space occupied by the loudspeaker module in the electronic equipment is reduced, and the sounding quality of the electronic equipment is improved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration plate, characterized by comprising:

the first vibrating diaphragm (1) comprises a fixed part (13) and a second vibrating diaphragm (14), wherein an annular hollow bulge (11) is arranged at the edge of the fixed part (13), and the middle part (12) surrounded by the bulge is a plane;

The middle part of the annular middle flitch (2) is provided with a first through hole (21), and the annular middle flitch (2) is attached to the middle part (12);

The middle part (12) is provided with a second through hole (121) at a position corresponding to the first through hole (21), the annular middle attaching plate (2) is connected with the second vibrating diaphragm (14) at the position of the first through hole (21), and the second vibrating diaphragm (14) seals the first through hole (21).

2. Vibrating plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing portion (13) is fixedly connected with the annular middle plate (2) by gluing.

3. A vibrating plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixing portion (13) is provided with a pressing belt (131) of equal width extending circumferentially along the projection (11).

4. A vibrating plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the size of the first through hole (21) is determined according to the frequency of the higher order mode in the excited state of the second diaphragm (14) and the material of the second diaphragm.

5. The vibration plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the annular middle veneer (2) is one of a metal plate, a metal composite foam plate, and a nonmetallic plate material with a hardness reaching a set value.

6. A loudspeaker module comprising an upper shell (3) and a lower shell (4) which are detachably connected, and a vibrating plate (5) arranged between the upper shell (3) and the lower shell (4), wherein the vibrating plate (5) divides a cavity between the upper shell (3) and the lower shell (4) into a front cavity (31) and a rear cavity (41), and the loudspeaker module is characterized in that the vibrating plate (5) is a vibrating plate as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 4.

7. The speaker module according to claim 6, further comprising a holder (6), the holder (6) being fixedly connected to the lower housing (4), the holder (6) defining a direction in which the vibration plate (5) vibrates.

8. The loudspeaker module of claim 7, further comprising a compression block (7), the compression block (7) being fixed to the lower housing (4) for compressing the first diaphragm (1).

9. An electronic device characterized in that a speaker module according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is provided.