CN112234967A - Direct current energy consumption device and direct current power generation system - Google Patents
Direct current energy consumption device and direct current power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112234967A CN112234967A CN202011160212.8A CN202011160212A CN112234967A CN 112234967 A CN112234967 A CN 112234967A CN 202011160212 A CN202011160212 A CN 202011160212A CN 112234967 A CN112234967 A CN 112234967A
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/567—Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
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Abstract
A direct current energy consumption device and a direct current power generation system are provided, the direct current energy consumption device comprises: the head end of the IGBT series valve bank is used for connecting the positive electrode of the direct current circuit; the energy consumption valve bank comprises a plurality of energy consumption resistors which are sequentially connected in series, and the plurality of energy consumption resistors which are connected in series form a series resistor structure; the head end of the series resistance structure is connected with the tail end of the IGBT series valve bank, and the tail end of the series resistance structure is used for connecting the negative electrode of the direct current circuit; and the AVC control unit is provided with a plurality of voltage signal acquisition ports and a plurality of voltage control signal output ports and is used for adjusting input signals of the gate poles of the IGBTs. According to the embodiment of the invention, the gate input signal of each IGBT in the IGBT series valve group can be adjusted through the AVC control unit, so that the gate input signals of each IGBT can be ensured to be equal as much as possible, and further all IGBTs can meet the consistency of switching-on and switching-off. The embodiment of the invention does not adopt a modularized technical scheme any more, and overcomes the defects of large number of devices, high cost, low reliability, pre-charging of equipment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of remote power transmission, and particularly relates to a direct-current energy consumption device and a direct-current power generation system.
Background
In a high-voltage direct-current transmission system, if power cannot be timely transmitted when a power receiving end fails, energy generated by a power generation end is accumulated on a direct-current side, so that the direct-current transmission system fails, and the safe operation of equipment is damaged.
In order to enable the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system to be quickly recovered after a short-time fault occurs in a power grid, a direct-current energy consumption device is a vital device. The resistance is put in through the control of the power electronic device, the direct-current voltage is reduced due to the putting in of the resistance, and when the energy consumption of the resistance exceeds the accumulated energy of the direct-current side, the direct-current voltage is reduced; at this time, the resistance discharge circuit is turned off again, and the dc voltage rises again. The resistance branch circuit is repeatedly switched on and off to form a hysteresis control effect, redundant power can be consumed during the fault period of the power grid, and equipment is protected to be safe.
Direct current power consumption equipment must use IGBT switching device, if switching device directly establishes ties into the valve string and bears the high pressure, it is very high to IGBT switching device turn-on and turn-off uniformity requirement, in case turn-on and turn-off nonconformity appears, can lead to some valve strings overvoltage to burn out. Therefore, the existing energy consumption equipment basically adopts a capacitive voltage division or modularization technical scheme, and the schemes can effectively solve the problem of valve string overvoltage. But has the defects of large number of devices, high cost, low reliability, pre-charging of equipment and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a direct current energy consumption device, which solves the problem of poor consistency of turn-on and turn-off of an IGBT in the direct current energy consumption device. The invention also provides a direct current power generation system.
According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the direct current energy consumption device comprises: the head end of the IGBT series valve bank is used for connecting the positive electrode of the direct current circuit; the energy consumption valve bank comprises a plurality of energy consumption resistors which are sequentially connected in series, and the plurality of energy consumption resistors which are connected in series form a series resistor structure; the head end of the series resistance structure is connected with the tail end of the IGBT series valve bank, and the tail end of the series resistance structure is used for being connected with the negative electrode of the direct current line; the AVC control unit is provided with a plurality of voltage signal acquisition ports and a plurality of voltage control signal output ports, the voltage signal acquisition ports are used for acquiring collector-emitter voltages of a plurality of IGBTs in the IGBT series valve block in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the voltage control signal output ports are respectively connected with gate poles of the IGBTs in a one-to-one correspondence mode so as to be used for adjusting input signals of the gate poles of the IGBTs.
The direct current energy consumption device provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects: the energy consumption valve bank can realize the consumption of electric energy, and the problem of energy accumulation at the power generation end in a high-voltage direct-current transmission system is solved; the IGBT series valve bank is connected with the energy consumption valve bank in series, so that the purpose of controlling the on-off of the energy consumption valve bank through the IGBT series valve bank can be achieved, the energy consumption state of the energy consumption valve bank is effectively controlled, and the effect of preventing the output voltage of a power generation end in a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system from being too low or too high is achieved. The gate input signal of each IGBT in the IGBT series valve group can be adjusted through the AVC control unit, so that the gate input signals of each IGBT can be ensured to be equal as much as possible, all IGBTs can meet the consistency of opening and closing, and the situation that partial valve strings are burnt due to the fact that the IGBTs are not consistent in opening and closing is avoided. In addition, the direct current energy consumption device of the embodiment of the invention does not adopt a modularized technical scheme any more, and overcomes the defects of large number of devices, high cost, low reliability, pre-charging of equipment and the like.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the AVC control unit includes a plurality of control subcircuits, each of the control subcircuits including: the input correction unit is provided with a positive input end for collecting collector-emitter voltage of the IGBT, a negative input end for connecting reference voltage and an output end; the input end of the proportional correction unit is connected with the output end of the input correction unit; the input end of the gate pole amplifying circuit is connected with the output end of the proportion correcting unit, and the output end of the gate pole amplifying circuit is connected with the gate pole of the IGBT; the proportion correcting unit and the gate pole amplifying circuit are used for reducing output deviation.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the dc energy dissipation device further comprises a diode valve string structure connected in parallel with the series resistor structure.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the diode valve string structure comprises a plurality of diodes connected in parallel with a one-to-one correspondence to a plurality of the dissipation resistors.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first gate capacitor is connected between the gate and the emitter of each IGBT, and a second gate capacitor is connected between the gate and the collector.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the dc energy dissipation device further includes a plurality of RC absorption loops, and the plurality of RC absorption loops are connected in parallel with the plurality of IGBTs in a one-to-one correspondence.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the dc energy dissipation device further includes a plurality of static voltage equalizing resistors, and the plurality of static voltage equalizing resistors are connected in parallel with the plurality of IGBTs in a one-to-one correspondence.
The direct current power generation system according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises a direct current power generation system body and the direct current energy consumption device connected between the positive output end and the negative output section of the direct current power generation system body.
The direct-current power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects: by adding the direct current energy consumption device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the direct current power generation system body can continuously consume electric energy through the direct current energy consumption device, and can control the output voltage within a certain range, so that the purpose of fault ride-through can be realized through the direct current energy consumption device when the direct current power generation system body encounters an output fault.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit structure of a dc energy consuming device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sub-control circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an IGBT equivalent circuit model;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit model of IGBT gate resistance-capacitance compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an IGBT parallel RC snubber circuit and a static equalizing resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
IGBT series valve set 100,
A power consumption valve set 200, a power consumption resistor 210,
A control sub-circuit 310, an input correction unit 311, a proportional correction unit 312, a gate amplification circuit 313,
The RC absorber circuit 400.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if there are first, second, third, fourth, etc. described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implying number of indicated technical features or implying precedence of indicated technical features.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as arrangement, connection and the like should be broadly construed, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the detailed contents of the technical solutions.
A dc energy consuming device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
The direct current energy consumption device comprises an IGBT series connection valve bank 100, an energy consumption valve bank 200 and an AVC control unit.
An IGBT series valve block 100 whose head end is used to connect the positive electrode of the dc line; the energy consumption valve bank 200 comprises a plurality of energy consumption resistors 210 which are sequentially connected in series, and the plurality of energy consumption resistors 210 which are connected in series form a series resistor structure; the head end of the series resistance structure is connected with the tail end of the IGBT series valve set 100, and the tail end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the direct current circuit; the AVC control unit is provided with a plurality of voltage signal acquisition ports and a plurality of voltage control signal output ports, the voltage signal acquisition ports are used for acquiring collector-emitter voltages of a plurality of IGBTs in the IGBT series valve group 100 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the voltage control signal output ports are respectively connected with gate poles of the IGBTs in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the AVC control unit is used for adjusting input signals of the gate poles of the IGBTs.
Before describing the dc energy dissipation device according to the embodiment of the present invention, a brief description will be given of how the IGBT series valve set 100 with the conventional structure has inconsistent on and off states.
The inconsistent turn-on and turn-off of the IGBT series valve group 100 is caused by dynamic uneven voltage of the IGBT, and the key reason of the dynamic uneven voltage of the IGBT is caused by asynchronous delay of gate driving signals and difference of the self parameter characteristics of the IGBT.
The IGBT dynamic non-uniform voltage is described below by way of example, and the IGBT control process can be analyzed by using an equivalent circuit model shown in fig. 3. Stray inductance in the gate charge-discharge loop is expressed by Lg; cge、CgcAnd CceRespectively representing the interelectrode parasitic capacitance of the IGBT; i isCRepresenting the collector current. At the driving voltageAnd under the condition that the bus voltage and the load current are not changed, the duration of each stage of the turn-on and turn-off of the IGBT is in direct proportion to the RC time constant of the gate electrode discharge loop. Therefore, the parasitic capacitance value of the IGBT itself affects the dynamic operating characteristics of its turn-on and turn-off processes.
The dc energy dissipation device of the embodiment of the present invention is briefly described below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the IGBT series valve group 100 and the energy consumption valve group 200 are connected in series and then connected between the positive and negative poles of the dc line at the output end of the dc power generation system. The IGBT series valve group 100 is composed of a plurality of IGBTs connected in sequence, and the operation of switching in and switching off the energy consumption valve group 200 from the dc line at the output end of the dc power generation system can be realized by controlling the on/off of the IGBTs. The energy consumption valve bank 200 includes a plurality of energy consumption resistors 210 connected in series in sequence, and the number of the energy consumption resistors 210 can be adjusted according to the output of the actually connected dc power generation system. The input of the energy consumption valve group 200 converts the redundant active power on the direct current bus into heat energy for dissipation, and prevents the voltage of the direct current line at the output end of the direct current power generation system from climbing to harm the operation safety of the whole direct current power generation system. In addition, in order to ensure the operating stability of the IGBT, a diode is connected between the collector and the emitter of the IGBT in an anti-parallel mode.
In order to solve the problem of inconsistency of dynamic turn-on and turn-off parameters of the IGBT series valve bank 100, the direct current energy consumption device of the embodiment of the invention introduces an AVC control unit. Taking an input end and an output end of the AVC control unit as an example, referring to fig. 2, the input end of the AVC control unit may collect a collector-emitter voltage Uce of an IGBT, and output the collected collector-emitter voltage Uce to a gate electrode of the IGBT after comparing, correcting, and proportional controlling the collected collector-emitter voltage Uce with a reference voltage Uref of a preset value, thereby implementing control of on/off of the IGBT. The same control circuit is adopted for all IGBTs in the IGBT series valve bank 100, so that the consistency requirement of on-off control of the whole IGBT series valve bank 100 can be met. In some embodiments of the invention, the comparison and correction links of the AVC control unit directly adopt addition and subtraction operation.
According to the direct-current energy consumption device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the consumption of electric energy can be realized through the energy consumption valve group 200, so that the problem of energy accumulation at a power generation end in a high-voltage direct-current power transmission system is solved; by connecting the IGBT series valve group 100 and the energy consumption valve group 200 in series, the purpose of controlling the on/off of the energy consumption valve group 200 through the IGBT series valve group 100 can be achieved, so that the energy consumption state of the energy consumption valve group 200 is effectively controlled, and the effect of preventing the output voltage of the power generation end in the high-voltage direct-current power transmission system from being too low or too high is achieved. The gate input signal of each IGBT in the IGBT series valve group 100 can be adjusted through the AVC control unit, so that the gate input signals of each IGBT can be ensured to be equal as much as possible, all IGBTs can meet the consistency of opening and closing, and the situation that partial valve strings are burnt out due to the fact that the IGBTs are not consistent in opening and closing is avoided. In addition, the direct current energy consumption device of the embodiment of the invention does not adopt a modularized technical scheme any more, and overcomes the defects of large number of devices, high cost, low reliability, pre-charging of equipment and the like.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the AVC control unit comprises a plurality of control sub-circuits 310, each control sub-circuit 310 comprising: an input correction unit 311 having a positive input terminal for collecting a collector-emitter voltage of the IGBT, a negative input terminal for connecting a reference voltage, and an output terminal; a scale correction unit 312, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the input correction unit 311; a gate amplification circuit 313, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the proportion correction unit 312, and the output end of which is connected to the gate of the IGBT; the proportional correction unit 312 and the gate amplification circuit 313 are used to reduce the output deviation. The operation of the control sub-circuit 310 is briefly described below with reference to fig. 2. The signal U1 is a voltage detection signal which is the collector-emitter voltage Uce of each IGBT, the signal U1 is input to the positive end of the input correction unit 311, and the state value U2 is output after the signal U1 is compared with the reference signal Uref, corrected and limited; u2 is inputted to the input terminal of the scaling unit 312, and compared with the gate voltage state value Ug at the previous time, so as to reduce the output deviation, and finally outputted to the gate of the IGBT after being amplified by the gate amplifier circuit 313.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the dc energy dissipation device further includes a diode valve string structure connected in parallel with the series resistor structure. The diode valve string structure can be used for absorbing stray inductance of a loop and reducing voltage spike of the valve body.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the diode string structure comprises a plurality of diodes connected in parallel with a plurality of dissipation resistors 210 in a one-to-one correspondence. By connecting a diode in parallel in each energy dissipation resistor 210 in reverse, the effects of absorbing stray inductance of the loop and reducing voltage spike of the valve body can be optimized.
In some embodiments of the invention, in order to further solve the problem of dynamic voltage equalization of the IGBT caused by the characteristic difference of the parameters of the IGBT, a gate resistance-capacitance compensation structure is adopted, so that the influence of the parameter difference on the turn-on and turn-off speeds of the IGBT is reduced to the greatest extent. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first gate capacitor C is connected between the gate and the emitter of each IGBTge_extA second gate capacitor C is connected between the gate and the collectorgc_extBy enlarging Cge_extAnd Cgc_extThe capacitance value of the voltage-sharing IGBT can weaken the inconsistency of parameters of the IGBT and finally realize dynamic voltage sharing.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the dc dissipation device further includes a plurality of RC absorption loops 400, and the plurality of RC absorption loops 400 are connected in parallel with the plurality of IGBTs in a one-to-one correspondence. The RC snubber circuit 400 may further snubber IGBT voltage spikes.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the dc energy dissipation device further includes a plurality of static voltage-sharing resistors, and the plurality of static voltage-sharing resistors are connected in parallel with the plurality of IGBTs in a one-to-one correspondence. Static voltage-sharing of the IGBT module can be achieved through the static voltage-sharing resistor.
The direct current power generation system according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises a direct current power generation system body and the direct current energy consumption device connected between the positive output end and the negative output section of the direct current power generation system body.
According to the direct-current power generation system provided by the embodiment of the invention, by adding the direct-current energy consumption device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the direct-current power generation system body can continuously consume electric energy through the direct-current energy consumption device, and can control the output voltage within a certain range, so that the purpose of fault ride-through can be realized through the direct-current energy consumption device when the direct-current power generation system body encounters an output fault.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
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2020
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