CN112234923B - Light-receiving support for tracking sun - Google Patents
Light-receiving support for tracking sun Download PDFInfo
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- CN112234923B CN112234923B CN202011068954.8A CN202011068954A CN112234923B CN 112234923 B CN112234923 B CN 112234923B CN 202011068954 A CN202011068954 A CN 202011068954A CN 112234923 B CN112234923 B CN 112234923B
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- receiving component
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
- F24S30/455—Horizontal primary axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which comprises a base, a supporting rocker, a pitching adjusting frame and a light receiving component fixing frame, wherein the base is arranged on the base; the lower end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the base, and the upper end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame; the light receiving component fixing frame is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame; the invention realizes the movement of the spin shaft by rotating the supporting rocker; the invention realizes the movement of the pitching axis by rotating the light receiving component fixing frame. The invention adopts a spin-pitch tracking mode and an equatorial coordinate system, so that the tracking energy consumption can be reduced, the structural strength of the bracket is improved, the risk avoiding time length affecting normal operation is shortened, and the cleaning difficulty is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a light receiving bracket for tracking the sun.
Background
In the field of solar energy utilization, the use of a solar tracking bracket is one of the most effective methods for improving solar energy utilization efficiency, and the method can make the light receiving component perpendicular to light rays as much as possible so as to increase the light receiving quantity without changing the area of the light receiving component, thereby increasing the received solar energy. At present, common tracking brackets are divided into a single-axis tracking bracket and a double-axis tracking bracket, and compared with the double-axis tracking bracket, the single-axis tracking bracket cannot achieve the complete perpendicularity of a light receiving component and solar rays at most of the time, but the cost is increased less, and the received solar energy is increased more, so that the single-axis tracking bracket has higher cost-effectiveness ratio and is a mainstream form of the current tracking bracket. The biaxial tracking bracket can achieve that the light receiving component is completely vertical to the solar rays, and the unit area receives the largest solar energy, but generally needs two power sources, so that the cost is higher, and the practical use of the biaxial tracking bracket is less than that of the uniaxial bracket. In order to reduce the number of control systems and power sources, a mode of linking a set of control systems and power sources with a plurality of tracking brackets is often adopted.
The single-axis tracking support is divided into a flat single axis, an inclined single axis and a vertical axis. The flat single shaft is divided into a rotating shaft which is placed in the north-south direction and the east-west direction. The flat single shaft arranged in the north-south direction of the rotating shaft is used for enabling the light receiving component to rotate from the front east to the front west through the zenith along with the east rising and west falling of the sun every day; the flat single shaft placed in the east-west direction of the rotating shaft changes the angle of the light receiving component along with the change of the solar elevation angle in noon in one year. The rotation axis of the oblique single shaft is placed in the north-south direction, forms an angle with the horizontal plane, and is higher than the horizontal single shaft in efficiency. The rotating shaft of the vertical shaft is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the light receiving component rotates from the east to the west along with east rising and west falling of the sun every day. When in linkage use, the flat single shafts can be linked along the direction of the rotating shaft and can also be linked along the vertical direction of the rotating shaft; the oblique single shaft can only link in the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft; the linkage direction of the vertical shaft is not limited. The flat single shaft is linked along the direction of the rotating shaft, a main beam is generally arranged along the direction of the rotating shaft, the light receiving components rotate on the main beam around the main beam through a purline frame, and the longer the main beam is, the more the linked light receiving components are; the linkage of the flat single shaft along the vertical direction of the rotating shaft is generally that a swinging arm is fixed on the main beam, the swinging arm is connected between the adjacent parallel rotating shafts through a connecting rod, and the push-pull motion of the connecting rod drives the main beam to rotate. The linkage mode of the oblique single shaft is consistent with the linkage mode of the flat single shaft in the vertical direction of the rotating shaft. The vertical shaft is generally linked by connecting a connecting rod between adjacent struts, and the connecting rod rotates axially to drive the direction angle of the connected light receiving component to change.
The double-shaft tracking bracket is divided into three types of azimuth-elevation type, roll-elevation type and spin-elevation type according to different tracking coordinate systems and degrees of freedom directions. The azimuth-elevation type and the roll-elevation type are driven by two degrees of freedom, namely an azimuth angle rotating perpendicular to the horizontal plane direction and a pitch angle rotating along the horizontal plane direction, by taking a geodetic coordinate system as a tracking coordinate system; roll-pitch is driven in two degrees of freedom, roll angle and pitch angle, in a pair of mutually perpendicular directions on a horizontal plane. The spin-pitch type tracking coordinate system adopts an equatorial coordinate system as a tracking coordinate system, and one degree of freedom is rotated in a certain fixed direction on a meridian plane, which is called spin axis degree of freedom; the other degree of freedom is a pitch angle rotated in a direction perpendicular to the above-described fixed direction on the horizontal plane, and is referred to as a pitch axis degree of freedom. The spin axis degree of freedom refers to the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the spin axis of the earth, and is used for tracking the sun position change caused by the spin of the earth; the pitching axis degree of freedom refers to movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the rotation axis between the light receiving component fixing frame and the pitching adjusting frame, and is used for tracking solar declination variation caused by revolution of the earth. When in linkage use, the azimuth-pitching type is generally only in linkage with the azimuth angle, and the method is consistent with the vertical axis of a single shaft; the roll-pitch type is generally driven to rotate in two degrees of freedom through two connecting rods or steel ropes respectively; the spin-pitch linkage is identical to the roll-pitch linkage.
In addition, in the double-axis tracking, when the geodetic coordinate system is adopted as the tracking coordinate system, two parameters of azimuth angle and horizon height to be tracked change faster, so that the tracking energy consumption is larger; when the equatorial coordinate system is adopted as the tracking coordinate system, two parameters are required to be tracked, however, the declination change speed is low, and the average change of declination is only 0.26 degrees per day, so that the pitching angle does not need to be frequently adjusted during tracking, and the tracking energy consumption is low.
The existing double-shaft tracking bracket always needs two degrees of freedom to be adjusted simultaneously in the daily tracking process, and has the defect of high tracking energy consumption. In addition, the existing tracking bracket is often combined with the fixing component through a point or a line, the structural strength is lower, for example, in the current flat single-shaft north-south linkage application, a main beam is generally arranged in the north-south direction and fixed through a transmission system, a light receiving component rotates on the main beam around the main beam through a purline frame, in order to increase the area of the light receiving component driven by the transmission system, the length of the main beam of the tracking bracket is often lengthened, the longer the length of the main beam is, the weaker the rigidity of the tracking bracket in the torsion direction is, the tracking precision of the whole bracket is reduced, and the wind resistance is weakened. In addition, the existing tracking bracket has the defect that the area of each bracket for supporting the light receiving component is small and cleaning is troublesome due to the insufficient structural strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which solves the problems in the prior art, and a spin-pitch type double-shaft tracking bracket with a spin axis parallel to the rotation axis of the earth; the support structure based on the double rockers increases the structural strength by increasing the combination part of the light receiving component and the fixed component, improves the capability of bearing adverse weather conditions, and achieves the aim of shortening the risk avoiding time length affecting normal work; the support structure has higher strength, and the area of the light receiving component supported by each support is increased, so that the aim of reducing the cleaning difficulty is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a light-receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which comprises a base, a supporting rocker, a pitching adjusting bracket and a light-receiving component fixing bracket,
The number of the bases is four, the four bases are in groups, and the fixing principle of each group of bases is that the projection of the spin axis of the tracking bracket at the top of the base on the horizontal plane is in the direction of positive north and south; the base made of cement or steel columns is fixed on the ground, the height of the base is changed according to the longitude and latitude of the installation place, and the principle of the base height is that the rotation axis between the base and the supporting rocker is parallel to the rotation axis of the earth, for example, when the invention is applied to a northern hemisphere, two bases on the north side are higher than two bases on the south side;
The base is arranged at the upper end of the base by bolts and the position of the base is adjustable; the lower end of the support rocker is fixed on the base through a pin shaft, the upper end of the support rocker is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame through a pin shaft, and a space is reserved between the support rocker and two fixed points of the pitching adjusting frame, so that the movement of the support in the direction of the spin axis accords with the characteristics of the double rockers; the upper end of the pitching adjusting frame is fixed with the upper end of the light receiving component fixing frame through a bearing; the light receiving component is fixed on the light receiving component fixing frame and moves along with the light receiving component fixing frame in two degrees of freedom;
the power assembly is provided with two power sources, one provides spin axis motion force and the other provides pitch axis motion force; the power assembly is fixed in place according to the need; the movement of the bracket in the direction of the spin axis is realized by rotating the supporting rocker; the movement of the bracket in the pitching axis direction is realized by rotating the light receiving component fixing frame.
Preferably, the included angle between the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame and the horizontal plane is changed within a range of +/-45 degrees, and the included angle between the upper plane of the light receiving component fixing frame and the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame is changed within a range of +/-23 degrees and 26 degrees. Therefore, the freedom degree of the light receiving component along with the light receiving component fixing frame at the spin axis can be changed by +/-45 degrees, and the freedom degree at the pitch axis can be changed by +/-23 degrees and 26 degrees. The spin axis degree of freedom refers to the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the spin axis of the earth, and is used for tracking the sun position change caused by the spin of the earth; the pitching axis degree of freedom refers to movement of the light receiving component fixing frame along the direction of the rotation axis between the light receiving component fixing frame and the pitching adjusting frame, and is used for tracking solar declination variation caused by revolution of the earth.
Preferably, the power assembly is driven by the tracking controller to generate reciprocating motion, and the power assembly can adopt an electric push rod or an electric cylinder or an electro-hydraulic push rod or a turbine rotary speed reducer.
Preferably, the tracking controller is a controller for judging the sun azimuth and driving the power assembly accordingly to realize sun tracking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The invention provides a spin-pitch type biaxial tracking bracket with a spin axis parallel to the earth spin axis, and when the bracket operates in the tracking mode, only one degree of freedom of spin needs to be adjusted in the daytime tracking process. Therefore, on the premise of achieving the same tracking effect, the tracking energy consumption is effectively reduced.
2. The invention provides a support structure based on double rocking bars, which increases the structural strength by increasing the combination part of a light receiving component and a fixed component to enable the stress to be more dispersed. Thus, the operation is more stable, and the tracking precision is higher; the capability of bearing adverse weather conditions is improved, the risk avoiding time length affecting normal work can be shortened in use, and the solar energy utilization time is improved; the area of the light receiving component supported by each bracket is increased, and the cleaning efficiency can be improved when the double-shaft type light receiving device is used; in addition, when the invention is simplified to be used by a flat single shaft, the light receiving component can be completely butted, so that the cleaning is more convenient and has higher efficiency, and even the cleaning robot can be used for cleaning.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are required for use in embodiments in which the installation position is at the equatorial region will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without the need for inventive work for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a tracking light-receiving stent (stent only not driven);
FIG. 2 is a side view (looking north) of a tracking light-receiving cradle (cradle no drive only);
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a dual axis tracking stent according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spin axis driving portion in accordance with the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pitch axis drive section according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a linked biaxial tracking stent in a second embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a side view (looking north) of a linked dual-axis tracking bracket in accordance with the second embodiment;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the single carriage drive and transmission of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the drive and transmission of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a pitch axis drive section in a second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a linked flat single axis tracking stent in a third embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a side view (looking north) of a linkage flat single axis tracking bracket in accordance with the third embodiment;
wherein, 1a light receiving component fixing frame; 2, pitching adjusting frames; 3, a spin axis connecting rod; 4, supporting a rocker; 5, a base; 6, a base; 7, a spin axis power source; 8, a pitching axis power source; 9 arc racks; 10 pitch adjustment gears; 11 a first transmission mechanism; 12 a second transmission mechanism; 13 flexible shaft; 14, a spin axis linkage connecting rod; 15 a transmission mechanism-input shaft; 16 a transmission mechanism and an output shaft; 17 a second output shaft of the transmission mechanism; an 18-worm; a 19 worm gear; 20 pitch axis drive shafts; 21 a light receiving element.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a light-receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which solves the problems in the prior art, and a spin-pitch type double-shaft tracking bracket with a spin axis parallel to the rotation axis of the earth; the support structure based on the double rockers increases the structural strength by increasing the combination part of the light receiving component 21 and the fixed part, improves the capability of bearing adverse weather conditions, and achieves the aim of shortening the risk avoiding time length affecting normal work; the support structure has higher strength, the area of the light receiving component 21 supported by each support is increased, and the aim of reducing the cleaning difficulty is fulfilled.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 3-5, a driving part is added on the basis of only the bracket shown in fig. 1-2, so that the function of independently carrying out biaxial tracking on one bracket is realized. For simplicity and clarity of illustration, the light receiving element 21 is not shown. The structure comprises a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4, a pitching adjusting frame 2, a light receiving component fixing frame 1, a spin shaft connecting rod 3, an arc rack 9, a spin shaft power source 7, a pitching shaft power source 8 and the like.
The added structure is as follows: the middle pin shafts of the two supporting rockers 4 are connected with two identical spin-axis connecting rods 3; the lower ends of the two spin shaft connecting rods 3 are connected together through a pin shaft; a circular arc rack 9 is also fixed on one beam of the light receiving component fixing frame 1, and the center axis of the circular arc rack 9 is collinear with the rotation axis between the pitching adjusting frame 2 and the light receiving component fixing frame 1; the arc rack 9 is in gear fit with a pitching adjusting gear 10 on an output shaft of the pitching shaft power source 8; the spin axis power source 7 is fixed on the independent base 6; the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating movement of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3, and the embodiment takes an electric cylinder as an example, and the tail ends of piston rods of the electric cylinder are fixed on pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3; the pitching axis power source 8 is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame 2; the movement of the light receiving assembly fixing frame 1 in the pitching axis direction is driven by rotation of a pitching adjusting gear 10 on an output shaft of the pitching axis power source 8, and in this embodiment, a worm speed reducer is driven by a motor.
The working principle and the using process are described as follows:
The tracking support of the invention adopts an equatorial coordinate system for tracking, and the tracking variables are time and declination of the sun. Since the spin axis is required to be parallel to the rotation axis of the earth, the invention only needs to ensure that the spin axis change is reversely synchronous with the rotation of the earth during the spin axis tracking, or the rotation angle is consistent with the rotation angle of the earth within a period of time, and the rotation of the earth is almost uniform, so the average angular velocity during the spin axis tracking is 15 degrees/h. The moment in the middle of the sun when the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame 2 is exactly perpendicular to the local meridian plane, and the starting time and the ending time of the normal tracking also depend on the moment. The time of the inverse tracking is also taken into account when employing the inverse tracking algorithm, the local sunrise and sunset time. In the first embodiment, the range of variation in the degree of freedom of the spin axis is ±45°, and therefore, the time to start the normal tracking is 3 hours before the mid-day time on the sun, and the time to end the normal tracking is 3 hours after the mid-day time on the sun. (in non-equatorial regions and when using the inverse tracking algorithm, the time for starting the inverse tracking is adjusted by taking into account the seasonal variation of sunrise time). In the equatorial coordinate system, the declination of the sun periodically changes with the period of year, the change range is approximately + -23 DEG 26', and the average daily change is only 0.26 DEG, so that the influence of the declination of the sun on the solar energy received by the light receiving component 21 is negligible in the tracking process of the bracket daily daytime. In the invention, therefore, the pitch angle does not need to be frequently adjusted during tracking, and the adjustment is only performed once every day or every few days. Since the plane of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 is always perpendicular to the equatorial plane, the pitching angle is adjusted according to the declination of the sun on the corresponding date, and the angle is the same as the declination.
When the spin axis tracking is carried out, the spin axis power source 7 generates a reciprocating motion to push the pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3 to reciprocate on the motion track, meanwhile, the two spin axis connecting rods 3 are driven, and then the included angle between the supporting rocker 4 and the horizontal plane is driven to change, the included angle between the pitching adjusting frame 2 and the meridian plane is changed, and finally the light receiving component fixing frame 1 is caused to rotate in the spin axis direction. When the electric cylinder is fully extended, the included angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the meridian plane is 45 degrees to the west, and when the electric cylinder is fully retracted, the included angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the meridian plane is 45 degrees to the east.
When the pitching axis tracking is performed, the pitching axis power source 8 drives the pitching adjusting gear 10 on the output shaft to rotate so as to drive the arc rack 9 to move, and then the angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the pitching adjusting frame 2 is driven to change. The pitching axis power source 8 is a motor and a worm speed reducer, and has a self-locking function, namely the pitching axis power source 8 can still ensure that the angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the pitching adjusting frame 2 is unchanged when the light receiving component fixing frame is uncontrolled.
When the electronic control device is used, the angle change in the spin axis direction and the change of the telescopic length of the electric cylinder are not in a linear relation, so that a numerical relation function of the angle change and the telescopic length of the electric cylinder needs to be additionally added in the controller; if other closed-loop modes are adopted for control, the design can be modified according to actual conditions.
Example two
As shown in fig. 6-10, on the basis of the only brackets shown in fig. 1-2, a driving part and a linkage mechanism are added, so that the function of double-shaft tracking by linkage of three brackets in the east-west direction is realized. For simplicity and clarity of drawing, only a single row structure of 1 row×3 seats is shown in fig. 6-7, and in practice, the number of brackets in each row may be arbitrary, and the light receiving element 21 is not shown in the drawing. The structure comprises a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4, a pitching adjusting frame 2, a light receiving component fixing frame 1, a spin shaft connecting rod 3, an arc rack 9, a spin shaft power source 7, a pitching shaft power source 8, a first transmission mechanism 11, a second transmission mechanism 12, a flexible shaft 13, a linkage connecting rod 10, a pitching shaft transmission shaft 20 and the like.
The added structure is as follows: the middle pin shafts of the two supporting rockers 4 are connected with two identical spin-axis connecting rods 3; the lower ends of the two spin-axis connecting rods 3 are connected together through a pin shaft, and the spin-axis linkage connecting rod 14 is also fixed through the pin shaft connection; a circular arc rack 9 is also fixed on one beam of the light receiving component fixing frame 1, and the center axis of the circular arc rack 9 is collinear with the rotation axis between the pitching adjusting frame 2 and the light receiving component fixing frame 1; the circular arc rack 9 is in gear fit with a pitching adjusting gear 10 on an output shaft 16 of the first transmission mechanism 11; the first transmission mechanism 11 is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame 2 through bolts, the position of the first transmission mechanism 11 can be finely adjusted, and the pitching adjusting gear 10 on the output shaft 16 of the first transmission mechanism 11 can be matched with the circular arc rack 9; the second transmission mechanism 12 is fixed on a spin-axis linkage connecting rod 14 close to the lower ends of the two spin-axis connecting rods 3 through bolts, and the position of the second transmission mechanism can be finely adjusted; an output shaft 17 of the transmission mechanism II 12 is connected to an input shaft 15 of the transmission mechanism I11 through a flexible shaft 13; the pin shafts at the two ends of the spin-axis linkage connecting rod 14 are fixed at the lower ends of the two spin-axis connecting rods 3 of the two adjacent tracking brackets; the spin axis power source 7 is fixed on the independent base 6; the linkage movement of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating movement of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3, and the embodiment takes an electric cylinder as an example, and the tail ends of piston rods of the electric cylinder are fixed on pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3; the pitching shaft power source 8 is fixed on one transmission mechanism II 12 by bolts, and an output shaft of the pitching shaft power source is connected to the pitching shaft transmission shaft 20 so as to transmit torque; the linked motion of the light receiving assembly fixing frame 1 in the pitching axis direction is that a pitching axis power source 8 drives a pitching axis transmission shaft 20 to pass through a transmission mechanism II 12, a flexible shaft 13 and a transmission mechanism I11, and is driven by the rotation of a gear 10 on an output shaft 16 of the transmission mechanism I, and the embodiment is provided by a motor as an example.
The inside of the first transmission mechanism 11 is a worm and gear mechanism, one end of a worm 18 is an input shaft 15 of the first transmission mechanism 11, the lower end of the first input shaft 15 of the first transmission mechanism is connected to an output shaft 17 of the second transmission mechanism 12 through a flexible shaft 13, a rotating shaft of a worm wheel 19 is an output shaft 16 of the first transmission mechanism 11, and a cylindrical pitching adjusting gear 10 is fixed at the tail end of the output shaft 16, and the gear 10 is matched with the circular arc rack 9 on the light receiving component fixing frame 1. When the pitching axis power source 8 does not act, the pitching angle of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 is self-locked by the worm and gear mechanism of the first transmission mechanism 11. The inside of the transmission mechanism II 12 is a worm and gear mechanism, a worm 18 and a pitching shaft transmission shaft 20 are fixed together to synchronously rotate, the upper end of a transmission mechanism II output shaft 17 is connected to an input shaft 15 of the transmission mechanism I11 through a flexible shaft 13, and the rotating shaft of a worm wheel 19 is the transmission mechanism II output shaft 17. The two ends of the pitch axis transmission shaft 20 are fixed on the worm 18 of the transmission mechanism two 12 of the two adjacent tracking brackets.
The working principle and the using process are described as follows:
The working principle of the second embodiment in performing biaxial tracking is the same as that of the first embodiment.
In the process of spin axis tracking, the spin axis linkage connecting rod 14 drives a plurality of tracking brackets to simultaneously perform spin axis freedom degree movement in the same process as the first embodiment.
When the pitching axis tracking is performed, the pitching axis power source 8 drives the pitching axis transmission shaft 20 to rotate, then drives the worm 18 of the transmission mechanism II 12 to rotate, then drives the transmission mechanism II output shaft 17 to rotate through the worm and gear mechanism, drives the transmission mechanism I input shaft 15 to rotate after being transmitted through the flexible shaft 13, then drives the transmission mechanism I output shaft 16 to rotate through the worm and gear mechanism of the transmission mechanism I11, and drives the circular arc rack 9 to move through the pitching adjusting gear 10 of the transmission mechanism I output shaft 16, and then drives the angle between the light receiving component fixing frame 1 and the pitching adjusting frame 2 to change. The pitch axis drive shaft 20 drives the plurality of tracking brackets to simultaneously perform pitch axis degree of freedom movements.
Embodiment III:
11-12, on the basis of only a tracking bracket, subtracting parts related to pitching axis movement, modifying part structures, adding a driving part and a linkage mechanism, and realizing the function of carrying out single-axis tracking by three-column single-axis linkage in a matrix form. For simplicity of drawing and clarity of expression, only 1 row by 3 column array structure is shown in fig. 11-12, the number of columns may be arbitrary in practice, the span of each column may also be adjusted, the light receiving element 21 in the drawing is a solar photovoltaic panel, and the light receiving element 21 may be a reflector or a lens element or a combination of a reflector and a lens, or a light collecting cell element or a thermal energy receiver, or the like. The structure comprises a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4, a light receiving component 21, a light receiving component fixing frame 1, a spin shaft connecting rod 3, a spin shaft power source 7, a spin shaft linkage connecting rod 10 and the like.
The added structure is as follows:
The middle pin shafts of the two supporting rockers 4 are connected with two identical spin-axis connecting rods 3; the lower ends of the two spin-axis connecting rods 3 are connected together through a pin shaft, and the spin-axis linkage connecting rod 14 is also fixed through the pin shaft connection; the pin shafts at the two ends of the spin-axis linkage connecting rod 14 are fixed at the lower ends of the two spin-axis connecting rods 3 of the two adjacent tracking brackets; the spin axis power source 7 is fixed on the independent base 6; the linkage movement of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating movement of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3, and in the embodiment, an electric cylinder is taken as an example, and the tail ends of piston rods of the electric cylinder are fixed on pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods 3.
The working principle and the using process are described as follows:
The working principle of the third embodiment in the case of carrying out single-axis tracking after being simplified into a flat single-axis form is identical with that of the existing flat single-axis tracking. In each row of flat single-axis supports, a set of combination of a base 6, a base 5, a supporting rocker 4 and a light receiving component fixing frame 1 is arranged at intervals in the north-south direction according to the requirement, so that the span of each row of flat single-axis supports can be prolonged. In the case of uniaxial tracking, since the whole row of light receiving element holders 1 is fixed on a plane, after the support which is pushed by the spin axis power source 7 first is pushed, the rest of the whole row of supports starts to move synchronously. Compared with the existing flat single shaft, the number of supporting points is increased when the light receiving component 21 rotates, and the structural strength is increased; the light receiving components 21 can be spliced together at the same smaller intervals, so that the cleaning is convenient.
In the case of performing the uniaxial tracking, the procedure is the same as that of the spin axis tracking in the second embodiment.
It should be noted that, the connection mode of each moving part in the present invention may be modified without changing the moving effect. The structure of the light receiving component fixing frame 1 can be reasonably modified according to the requirements. Only simple alternatives are within the scope of the invention as long as the principle is the same as in the invention.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A light receiving bracket for tracking the sun, which is characterized in that: comprises a base, a supporting rocker, a pitching adjusting frame and a light receiving component fixing frame,
The number of the bases is four, the four bases are in groups of two, and the projection of the spin axes of the tracking brackets at the tops of the bases in each group on the horizontal plane is in the direction of positive north and south; a base made of cement or steel columns is fixed on the ground, the height of the base is changed according to the longitude and latitude of the installation place, and the principle of the base height is that the rotation axis between the base and the supporting rocker is parallel to the rotation axis of the earth;
The base is arranged at the upper end of the base by bolts and the position of the base is adjustable; the lower end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the base through a pin shaft, the upper end of the supporting rocker is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame through a pin shaft, and a space is reserved between the supporting rocker and two fixed points of the pitching adjusting frame; the upper end of the pitching adjusting frame is fixed with the upper end of the light receiving component fixing frame through a bearing; the light receiving component is fixed on the light receiving component fixing frame and moves along with the light receiving component fixing frame in two degrees of freedom;
The power assembly is fixed on the base; the power assembly comprises two power sources, one provides spin axis movement force and the other provides pitch axis movement force, the power assembly is driven by the tracking controller to generate reciprocating movement, and the power assembly can adopt an electric push rod or an electric cylinder or an electro-hydraulic push rod or a turbine rotary speed reducer;
The middle pin shafts of the two supporting rockers are connected with two identical spin shaft connecting rods; the lower end pin shafts of the two spin shaft connecting rods are connected together; a circular arc rack is also fixed on one beam of the light receiving component fixing frame, and a circular mandrel of the circular arc rack is collinear with a rotation shaft between the pitching adjusting frame and the light receiving component fixing frame; the arc rack is matched with a pitching adjusting gear on an output shaft of a pitching shaft power source through a gear; the spin axis power source is fixed on a separate base; the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame in the spin axis direction is driven by the reciprocating movement of the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods, and the tail ends of piston rods of the electric cylinders are fixed on pin shafts at the lower ends of the two spin axis connecting rods; the pitching axis power source is fixed on the pitching adjusting frame; the movement of the light receiving component fixing frame in the pitching axis direction is driven by rotation of a pitching adjusting gear on an output shaft of a pitching axis power source.
2. The sun-tracking light-receiving stent of claim 1, wherein: the change range of the included angle between the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame and the horizontal plane is-45 degrees to 45 degrees, and the change range of the included angle between the upper plane of the light receiving component fixing frame and the lower plane of the pitching adjusting frame is-23 degrees to 26 degrees to 23 degrees; the light receiving component can realize + -45 DEG change along the direction of the rotation axis of the earth along with the light receiving component fixing frame, and the light receiving component can realize + -23 DEG 26' change along the direction of the rotation axis between the light receiving component fixing frame and the pitching adjusting frame along with the light receiving component fixing frame.
3. The sun-tracking light-receiving stent of claim 1, wherein: the tracking controller is used for judging the sun azimuth and driving the power assembly to track the sun according to the sun azimuth.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103353762A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-10-16 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Tracking device for sun and satellite |
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| ES2389798B2 (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2013-05-16 | Indra Sistemas, S.A. | Solar tracker for solar panel orientation |
| MX352193B (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-10-27 | Inventive Power Sa De Cv | A FLEXIBLE SYSTEM OF LINEAR PARABOLIC SOLAR CONCENTRATOR IN SMALL SCALE, FOR ENERGY GENERATION AND DEHYDRATION. |
| WO2015113445A1 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2015-08-06 | 浙江同景新能源集团有限公司 | Improved photovoltaic tracking and control system |
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| CN103353762A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-10-16 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Tracking device for sun and satellite |
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