Background
At present, the ultra-low emission of coal-fired power plants in most areas of China is realized, and the technology of 'low-temperature economizer + electrostatic dust collector' is adopted for controlling the smoke dust of part of the coal-fired power plants: the low-temperature economizer is arranged at the inlet of the electrostatic dust collector, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced after the flue gas passes through the low-temperature economizer, and the flow of the flue gas is reduced, so that the flow rate of the flue gas in the dust collector body is reduced, the retention time of the flue gas in the dust collector body is increased, and the aim of improving the dust removal efficiency is fulfilled. Generally, the flue gas temperature of the coal-fired power plant is reduced to 90 ℃ after passing through the low-temperature economizer. The coal-fired power plant can bring two benefits by additionally arranging the low-temperature economizer: 1. environmental protection benefit: improve the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic dust collector and remove SO in the flue gas3(the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the low-temperature and low-temperature economizer is 10 ℃ to 15 ℃ lower than the dew point of acid, and SO in the flue gas3Will condense and separate out at the temperature, will be removed by the electrostatic precipitator after being wrapped up by the fly ash); 2. energy-saving benefits: the cold source of the low-temperature economizer is usually taken from low-pressure condensate water of the steam turbine, and the waste heat released by cooling the flue gas can be used for heating the condensate water of the steam turbine, so that the coal consumption of the boiler is reduced.
However, the running condition of the low-temperature coal economizer of the coal-fired power plant is researched, the problem of blockage and corrosion of the low-temperature coal economizer of most coal-fired power plants is solved, and therefore the environmental protection benefit and the energy saving benefit of the low-temperature coal economizer are greatly reduced. Even the low-temperature coal economizer of a specific coal-fired power plant has serious blockage and overhigh pressure head, so that the output of a fan is insufficient, and the normal operation of a coal-fired unit is influenced. Through field research and reference of documents, the blockage of the low-temperature economizer is caused by two conditions: the first condition is that fly ash is settled and blocks the low-temperature economizer, the condition can be solved by blowing the on-line steam soot blower and the sound wave soot blower, and even if blowing dead angles exist, the problem of manual ash removal by compressed air or a high-pressure water gun can be solved in the process of shutdown maintenance; the other condition is that ammonium bisulfate deposits and adheres to block the low-temperature economizer, and the phenomenon is thatDue to ammonia overspray of an upstream denitration device of a coal-fired power plant and SO condensed by a low-temperature economizer3The blockage of the online ash removal mode cannot be solved due to the fact that the generated ammonium bisulfate is adhered to the heat exchange fins of the low-temperature economizer in a combined mode, and the manual ash removal effect is very limited in the shutdown process, because the ammonium bisulfate is accompanied with the occurrence of corrosion when the low-temperature economizer is blocked, the blockage corrosion is irreversible.
At present, a coal-fired power plant can better treat and solve the first blockage situation of a low-temperature economizer (online ash removal and manual ash removal), but a better method for solving the second blockage corrosion problem still does not exist at present. At present, in order to solve the second problem of low-temperature coal economizer blockage corrosion (due to ammonium bisulfate deposition blockage of the low-temperature coal economizer), the coal-fired power plant usually adopts the following three measures: controlling the ammonia escape rate of a flue gas upstream denitration device: however, the ammonia escape rate can only be reduced and cannot be eliminated, so the measure can only delay the blockage time of the low-temperature economizer but cannot radically cure the blockage; secondly, strengthening soot blowing of the low-temperature economizer: however, this method is only effective for removing dust blocked on the low-temperature economizer, for example, patent application with publication number CN210568510U discloses an anti-dust deposition device for the low-temperature economizer of a power station boiler, which solves the problem of gradual accumulation of dust at the bottom of a flue of a heat exchange surface, and ensures safe and reliable operation of the low-temperature economizer, but ammonium bisulfate has strong viscosity, and ammonium bisulfate adhered to the low-temperature economizer is difficult to blow off; controlling the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the low-temperature economizer to be SO3Above the acid dew point, make SO3Non-coagulation (see patent with grant publication No. CN 210398880U): the control mode can solve the problem that the deposition of ammonium bisulfate blocks the low-temperature economizer, but the low-temperature economizer cannot achieve the maximum design output capacity due to insufficient cooling range of the flue gas temperature, and the energy-saving benefit and the environmental protection benefit are greatly reduced.
In conclusion, the problem of blockage and corrosion of the low-temperature economizer of the coal-fired power plant caused by ammonium bisulfate deposition is not yet a mature and reliable solution at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a device and a method for preventing the blockage corrosion problem of a low-temperature and low-temperature economizer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a device of low temperature economizer jam corrosion problem which characterized in that: comprises a storage bin, a dissolving tank, a delivery pump and a spray head assembly; the storage bin is filled with SO capable of being mixed with the flue gas3A reactive alkaline absorbent; the spray head assembly is arranged inside a flue at a flue gas inlet of the low-temperature economizer; the feed bin, the dissolving tank, the delivery pump and the spray head assembly are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and an alkaline absorbent in the feed bin enters the dissolving tank to be dissolved and then is sprayed into the flue gas inlet of the low-temperature economizer through the spray head assembly under the action of the delivery pump.
Preferably, install the spiral weighing batcher between feed bin and dissolving tank, the discharge gate of feed bin passes through the tube coupling with the entrance point of spiral weighing batcher, and the exit end of spiral weighing batcher passes through the entrance point of tube coupling with dissolving tank.
Preferably, a top-feed stirrer for sufficiently dissolving the alkaline absorbent is installed in the dissolving tank.
Preferably, the upper part of the dissolving tank is provided with a process water inlet, the bottom of the dissolving tank is provided with a sewage outlet, and the sewage outlet is provided with a first valve.
Preferably, a second valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the dissolving tank and the delivery pump, and a flow meter, a flow pressure meter and a third valve are sequentially arranged on the connecting pipeline between the delivery pump and the spray head assembly according to the liquid delivery direction.
Preferably, the device also comprises a standby delivery pump, wherein the standby delivery pump and the delivery pump are arranged side by side, one end of the standby delivery pump is connected with the second valve, and the other end of the standby delivery pump is connected with the flowmeter.
Preferably, the standby delivery pump and the delivery pump both adopt variable-frequency delivery pumps.
Preferably, the shower nozzle subassembly includes that one is the mounting bracket of grid and installs a plurality of nozzle on the mounting bracket, the nozzle adopts the hollow awl nozzle of high-efficient one-way double-end.
The invention also provides a method for preventing the blockage corrosion problem of the low-temperature economizer, which comprises the following steps: spraying alkaline absorbent into flue in front of low-temperature economizer of coal-fired power plant by using acid-base reaction principle to remove SO in flue gas3Trapping in advance to avoid SO in the flue gas3After being condensed and condensed in the low-temperature economizer, the condensed ammonia reacts with ammonia escaping from the SCR denitration device to generate ammonium bisulfate which is deposited to block the low-temperature economizer. The method for preventing the corrosion problem caused by the blockage of the low-temperature economizer is implemented by adopting the device and comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding an alkaline absorbent into a stock bin, and adding the alkaline absorbent into a dissolving tank according to calculated amount through a spiral weighing feeder;
step two: adding the process water into a dissolving tank according to the calculated proportion, simultaneously stirring by a top-entry stirrer, uniformly mixing the process water and the alkaline absorbent in the dissolving tank, discharging the solution in which the alkaline solution is deteriorated due to precipitation in the dissolving tank or other reasons through a sewage discharge outlet, and ensuring the quality of the alkaline absorbent in the dissolving tank;
step three, spraying the uniformly mixed alkaline absorbent into the inlet flue of the low-temperature economizer through a spray head assembly by using a conveying pump or a standby conveying pump, mixing the alkaline absorbent with the flue gas, and capturing SO in the flue gas before the flue gas enters the low-temperature economizer3Avoiding condensation and deposition in the low-temperature economizer device; the output of the delivery pump or the standby delivery pump is controlled by a flowmeter and a flow pressure gauge, and further the flow of the alkaline absorbent sprayed into the flue is controlled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. by utilizing the acid-base neutralization principle, an alkaline absorbent spraying device is arranged in a flue at the front end of the low-temperature economizer, and SO in the flue gas is removed before the flue gas enters the low-temperature economizer3Neutralization removal is carried out, so that the low-temperature coal economizer is prevented from being blocked and corroded by ammonium bisulfate, the running risk of the low-temperature coal economizer is reduced, and the environmental protection benefit and the energy saving benefit of the low-temperature electric dust remover are ensured; 2. the device does not increase the resistance of the air and smoke systemThe running power consumption and the dosing cost of the newly added device are slightly increased, but the problem of the blocking corrosion of the low-temperature economizer is greatly prevented, the running safety and the stability of the low-temperature economizer are greatly improved, the low-temperature economizer can run under the designed conditions with the maximum output, and compared with the running effect of the low-temperature economizer with the blocking corrosion, the environmental protection benefit and the energy saving benefit are considerable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a device for preventing corrosion caused by blockage of a low-temperature economizer, which comprises a storage bin 1, a spiral weighing feeder 2, a dissolving tank 6, a delivery pump 7 and a spray head assembly 11. The storage bin 1 is filled with SO capable of being mixed with the flue gas3The alkaline absorbent for reaction is in powder form, and is usually selected from sodium-based inorganic salt or calcium-based inorganic salt. The discharge port of the storage bin 1 is connected with the inlet end of the spiral weighing feeder 2 through a pipeline, the outlet end of the spiral weighing feeder 2 is connected with the inlet end of the dissolving tank 6 through a pipeline, and the spiral weighing feeder 2 is used for fixingThe alkaline absorbent is added in a quantity to the dissolving tank 6.
In this embodiment, a top-feed agitator 5 for fully dissolving the alkaline absorbent is installed in the dissolving tank 6, a process water inlet 3 is provided at the upper part of the dissolving tank 6, a sewage outlet 4 is provided at the bottom, and a first valve 12 is installed at the sewage outlet 4. The water of the process water inlet 3 is from process water or city water.
In this embodiment, the outlet end of the dissolving tank 6 is connected to the inlet end of the delivery pump 7 through a pipeline, and a second valve 13 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the outlet end and the inlet end. The outlet end of the delivery pump 7 is connected with the spray head assembly 11 through a pipeline, and a flow meter 9, a flow pressure gauge 10 and a third valve 14 are sequentially arranged on the connecting pipeline of the delivery pump and the spray head assembly according to the liquid delivery direction.
In this embodiment, the shower nozzle subassembly 11 is installed inside low temperature economizer flue gas inlet flue, and low temperature economizer flue gas inlet flue is connected with SCR denitrification facility, and SCR denitrification facility is connected with the boiler, and low temperature economizer exhanst gas outlet flue is connected with electrostatic precipitator. The spray head assembly 11 comprises a mounting frame which is a grating and a plurality of nozzles which are arranged on the mounting frame, and the nozzles adopt high-efficiency one-way double-head hollow cone nozzles. Alkaline absorbent in the storage bin 1 enters the dissolving tank 6 to be dissolved and then is sprayed into the flue gas inlet flue of the low-temperature and low-temperature economizer through the spray head assembly 11 under the action of the delivery pump 7, and the alkaline absorbent is used for capturing SO in the flue gas3Before the flue gas enters a low-temperature economizer, SO in the flue gas is removed3And neutralization removal is carried out, so that the low-temperature coal economizer is prevented from being blocked and corroded by ammonium bisulfate, the running risk of the low-temperature coal economizer is reduced, and the environmental protection benefit and the energy saving benefit of the low-temperature electric dust remover are ensured.
This device of corrosion problem is blockked up to low temperature economizer of prevention still includes reserve delivery pump 8, and reserve delivery pump 8 sets up with delivery pump 7 side by side, and the one end and No. two valves 13 of reserve delivery pump 8 are connected, and the other end and the flowmeter 9 of reserve delivery pump 8 are connected. The standby delivery pump 8 and the delivery pump 7 both adopt variable-frequency delivery pumps. And adjusting the output of the variable-frequency delivery pump according to the load change of the coal-fired unit, controlling the injection flow of the alkaline absorbent injected into the flue, and metering specific parameters by using a flowmeter and a pressure gauge.
The embodiment also discloses a method for preventing the blockage corrosion problem of the low-temperature economizer, which comprises the following steps: spraying alkaline absorbent into flue in front of low-temperature economizer of coal-fired power plant by using acid-base reaction principle to remove SO in flue gas3Trapping in advance to avoid SO in the flue gas3The method is implemented by adopting the device for preventing the blockage corrosion problem of the low-temperature economizer, and specifically comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: adding an purchased alkaline absorbent (powder) into a stock bin 1, and adding the alkaline absorbent (powder) into a dissolving tank 6 according to calculated amount through a screw weighing feeder 2;
step two: adding urban reclaimed water or process water into a dissolving tank 6 according to a calculated proportion, simultaneously stirring by a jacking stirrer 5, uniformly mixing the process water and an alkaline absorbent in the dissolving tank 6, discharging a solution in which the alkaline solution is deteriorated due to precipitation in the dissolving tank 6 or other reasons through a sewage discharge outlet 4, and ensuring the quality of the alkaline absorbent in the dissolving tank 6;
step three, spraying the uniformly mixed alkaline absorbent into the inlet flue of the low-temperature economizer through a spray head assembly 11 by using a conveying pump 7 or a standby conveying pump 8 to be mixed with the flue gas, and capturing SO in the flue gas before the flue gas enters the low-temperature economizer3Avoiding condensation and deposition in the low-temperature economizer device; the output of the delivery pump 7 or the standby delivery pump 8 (one for standby) is controlled by a flowmeter 9 and a flow pressure gauge 10, and the flow of the alkaline absorbent sprayed into the flue is further controlled.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.