CN112217474B - Calibration and use method of three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space - Google Patents
Calibration and use method of three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space Download PDFInfo
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- CN112217474B CN112217474B CN202010960328.3A CN202010960328A CN112217474B CN 112217474 B CN112217474 B CN 112217474B CN 202010960328 A CN202010960328 A CN 202010960328A CN 112217474 B CN112217474 B CN 112217474B
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
- H02S50/15—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells using optical means, e.g. using electroluminescence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating and using a three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space, which belongs to the technical field of solar cell testing and is characterized by comprising the following steps: calibrating a working standard sub-battery; calibrating a working standard whole battery; using a working standard solar cell; the calibration and use method of the three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space can be used for completing the calibration of the working standard solar cell and the daily calibration of a solar simulator in engineering, completing the I-V characteristic test of the three-junction gallium arsenide solar cell for space in daily production, solving the deviation of test results caused by different mismatch errors of spectrums of different simulators and AM0 spectrums, enabling the performance of the solar cell to be uniformly evaluated, and simultaneously saving the cost for manufacturing sub-cells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cell testing, and particularly relates to a calibration and use method of a three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space.
Background
In daily production of the three-junction gallium arsenide solar cell for space, an illumination I-V characteristic test is required to be carried out, unqualified products are screened, and quality is controlled. I-V characteristic testing, which requires the use of a solar simulator under standard test conditions: AM0 spectrum, standard radiation intensity 1353 W.m-2. This requires the simulator to be light source calibrated using a standard battery to meet standard test conditions. The current three-junction gallium arsenide solar cell requires the production of the sub-cells of the three-junction cell, namely a top junction sub-cell, a middle junction sub-cell and a bottom junction sub-cell, which are calibrated to be used as the working standard cell. The calibration of the working standard battery is usually performed by using a secondary standard battery calibration simulator, and then testing the I-V characteristic of the working standard battery to obtain the short circuit current (Isc), namely the calibration value of the working standard battery.
Whether the calibration of a three-junction gallium arsenide working standard battery is used or not, a class A solar simulator is frequently used at present, namely, the mismatch error between each spectrum section of the solar simulator and an AM0 spectrum is less than or equal to +/-25 percent. However, the a-level solar simulator cannot completely simulate the spatial AM0 spectrum, and the mismatch errors between the spectrum and the AM0 spectrum of different simulators are also different, and in addition, in engineering application, the quantum efficiency of solar cells in different batches with the same structure and the same process is also biased to a certain extent, so that when the I-V characteristics of the solar cells are tested by using different simulators, even if the same working standard cells are used for testing the same cells, the test results between the different simulators are biased, the performance of the solar cells cannot be uniformly evaluated, and therefore, the standard cells used for calibrating the light source must have quantum efficiency consistent with the tested cells as much as possible, and the bias between the test results of different simulators is solved. Or the A+ level solar simulator is used for completing the I-V characteristic test of the solar battery, namely, the mismatching error of each spectrum section of the solar simulator and an AM0 spectrum is less than or equal to +/-10 percent, and the deviation between test results caused by different simulators can be solved.
The a+ stage solar simulator is much more costly than the a-stage solar simulator. In the aspect of working standard battery calibration, the secondary standard solar battery is generally produced by qualified mechanism calibration, the cost is high, and each batch of solar battery has a secondary standard with more consistent quantum efficiency, which is difficult. Therefore, the calibration of the working standard solar cell can be realized by using an A+ solar simulator, and the daily production test of the three-junction gallium arsenide solar cell for space in engineering can be realized by using the A solar simulator. In order to solve the problem of test result deviation caused by different simulators, meanwhile, the cost is saved, only sub-batteries of the three-junction battery with the same structure are manufactured, and each batch of manufacturing is not needed, the calibration and use method of the three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar battery for space is provided, the calibration and use method can be used for calibrating the working standard solar battery and daily calibration of the solar simulator in engineering, and daily production test of the three-junction gallium arsenide solar battery for space is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a calibration and use method of a three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space, which is used for calibrating the working standard solar cell for space and daily calibration of a solar simulator in engineering, and I-V characteristic test of the three-junction gallium arsenide solar cell for space in daily production, so as to solve the deviation of test results caused by different mismatch errors of spectrums of different simulators and AM0 spectrums, and ensure that the performance of the solar cell can be uniformly evaluated, and simultaneously the cost for manufacturing sub-cells is saved.
The invention aims to provide a method for calibrating and using a three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space, which comprises the following steps:
calibrating a working standard sub-battery: the solar simulator is an A+ level solar simulator, a secondary standard top junction sub-battery is placed in an illumination area, and I-V characteristics of the secondary standard top junction sub-battery are tested; according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, the light intensity of the solar simulator is regulated, so that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the secondary standard top junction sub-battery is within +/-1%; then placing the top junction sub-battery to be calibrated at the same position of an illumination area, testing the I-V characteristic of the top junction sub-battery to obtain a short circuit current, and taking the short circuit current as a calibration value of the working standard top junction sub-battery; according to the method for calibrating the working standard sub-battery, calibrating the middle junction sub-battery and the bottom junction sub-battery of the working standard is completed in sequence;
calibrating a working standard whole battery: the solar simulator is an A+ level solar simulator, and a second level standard solar cell comprising a top junction cell, a middle junction cell and a bottom junction cell is sequentially arranged at the same position of an illumination area to test the I-V characteristic of the solar simulator; according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, the spectrum of the solar simulator is regulated, so that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction cell and the middle junction cell is within +/-1%, and meanwhile, the actually measured short-circuit current of the bottom junction cell is not lower than the calibrated current value; and then placing the working standard whole battery to be calibrated at the same position of the illumination area, testing the I-V characteristic of the working standard whole battery to obtain short-circuit current, and taking the short-circuit current as a calibration value of the working standard whole battery.
Preferably, the spectrum mismatch range of the a+ level solar simulator is not more than +/-10%.
Preferably, the working standard sub-cell, the working standard whole cell and the secondary standard solar cell have the same structure, and the working standard whole cell is derived from the cell to be tested, and the working standard whole cell and the cell to be tested belong to the same batch.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
standard solar cell operation was used: the working standard solar cells comprising a top junction sub-cell, a middle junction sub-cell and a bottom junction sub-cell are sequentially placed at the same position of an illumination area, and I-V characteristics of the working standard solar cells are tested; according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, the spectrum of the solar simulator is regulated, so that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction sub-battery and the middle junction sub-battery is within +/-1%, and meanwhile, the actually measured short-circuit current of the bottom junction standard sub-battery is not lower than the calibrated current value; then placing the working standard whole battery at the same position of the illumination area, and adjusting the light intensity of the solar simulator to ensure that the deviation between the actual measurement short-circuit current and the calibration current value of the standard whole battery is within +/-1 percent; after calibration, the solar cell to be tested is placed at the same position of the illumination area, and the I-V characteristic of the solar cell to be tested is tested.
Preferably, the to-be-measured battery and the working standard sub-battery and the working standard whole battery have the same structure, and the to-be-measured battery and the working standard whole battery belong to the same batch.
Preferably, the battery to be tested is in a lattice matching structure or a positive mismatch structure.
Preferably, the use of a class a solar simulator, in the delivery of the operating standard, and the use of standard cells,
the use is made of a class a solar simulator,
preferably, the a+ stage solar simulator and the a stage solar simulator are both 3-band tunable solar simulators.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
when the working standard battery is used for daily calibration of the solar simulator in engineering, besides the working standard sub-battery is used for calibrating the solar simulator, the working standard whole battery calibration simulator which is in the same batch as the battery to be tested is used for realizing that the working standard battery and the battery to be tested have quantum efficiency which is consistent as much as possible.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, its features and advantages, the following examples are set forth to illustrate the invention in more detail:
the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
for the sake of clear explanation, the present preferred embodiment takes the cell to be tested as lattice matching structure (LM) as an example; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
calibrating a working standard sub-battery: the solar simulator is an A+3-level spectrum band adjustable solar simulator with the spectrum mismatch degree less than or equal to +/-10 percent. And placing the secondary standard top junction sub-battery of the LM structure in an illumination area, and testing the I-V characteristics of the secondary standard top junction sub-battery by using a source meter or an electronic load to obtain main electrical performance parameters such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage and the like. And repeatedly adjusting the light intensity of the solar simulator according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, and testing the I-V characteristic of the solar simulator until the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction sub-battery is within +/-1 percent. And then placing the top junction sub-battery of the LM structure to be calibrated at the same position of the illumination area, and testing the I-V characteristic of the top junction sub-battery by using a source meter or an electronic load to obtain a short circuit current which is a calibration value of the working standard top junction sub-battery. And according to the same method, the calibration of the middle junction battery and the bottom junction battery of the working standard of the LM structure is completed in sequence.
Calibrating a whole working standard battery: the solar simulator still selects the A+3-level spectrum band adjustable solar simulator, and the two-level standard solar cell with the LM structure, comprising a top junction sub-cell, a middle junction sub-cell and a bottom junction sub-cell, are sequentially placed at the same position of an illumination area, so that the I-V characteristics of the solar cell are tested. And repeatedly adjusting the spectrum of the solar simulator according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, and testing the I-V characteristic of the solar simulator until the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction sub-battery and the middle junction sub-battery is within +/-1 percent, and meanwhile, the actually measured short-circuit current of the bottom junction sub-battery is not lower than the calibrated current value. And randomly extracting the battery to be measured from the production batch to serve as a working standard whole battery to be calibrated, placing the battery to be measured at the same position of an illumination area, and testing the I-V characteristic of the battery to obtain a short-circuit current which is a calibration value of the working standard whole battery.
Use of working standard solar cells: and the working standard solar cell with the LM structure comprises a top junction sub cell, a middle junction sub cell and a bottom junction sub cell which are sequentially arranged at the same position of the illumination area of the solar simulator, and the I-V characteristics of the working standard solar cell are tested. And repeatedly adjusting the spectrum of the solar simulator according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, and testing the I-V characteristic of the solar simulator until the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction and the middle junction sub-battery is within +/-1 percent, and meanwhile, the actually measured short-circuit current of the bottom junction sub-battery is not lower than the calibrated current value. The standard whole cell of the LM structure was then placed in the same location in the illuminated area and tested for I-V characteristics. And repeatedly adjusting the light intensity of the solar simulator according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, and testing the I-V characteristic of the solar simulator until the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the standard whole battery is within +/-1%, thereby completing the daily calibration of the solar simulator. After calibration, the solar cell to be tested can be placed at the same position of an illumination area, the I-V characteristic of the solar cell can be tested, and the daily production test of the three-junction gallium arsenide solar cell for space can be completed.
In engineering, the method can use the working standard sub-batteries with the same structure and the working standard whole battery calibration simulator with the same batch of batteries to be tested on the premise of not manufacturing the sub-batteries of each batch, thereby effectively reducing the deviation of test results caused by different mismatch deviations of the spectrums of different simulators and the AM0 spectrums. In tables 1 and 2, the battery to be tested is divided into 4 different batches, and table 1 is the deviation of the 4 batches of batteries tested in different simulators using the same working standard sub-battery; table 2 shows the method according to the example, 4 batches were separated, each batch was randomly extracted from the battery to be tested for calibration of the standard whole battery, and then the deviation of the 4 batches of batteries was tested in different simulators using the same standard sub-battery and whole battery (the standard whole battery and the batch of battery to be tested correspond).
Table 1 shows the working standard battery as sub-battery
| Isc deviation (%) | Voc deviation (V) | Pmax deviation (%) | Ip deviation (%) | |
| Batch 1 | -0.69 | -0.0039 | -0.08 | -0.13 |
| Batch 2 | -2.00 | -0.0037 | -1.22 | -1.43 |
| Batch 3 | -2.50 | -0.0034 | -1.40 | -1.68 |
| Batch 4 | -0.14 | -0.0033 | -0.16 | -0.1 |
Table 2 shows that the standard cell is a sub-cell and a whole cell
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2,
1. for the use of sub-cells as the working standard, the deviation of the test lot 1 and lot 4 of the different simulators is smaller within + -1%, while the deviation of the test lot 1 and lot 4 of the different simulators is not increased and still within + -1% by using the sub-cells and the whole cell as the working standard;
2. for using the sub-battery as the working standard, the deviation of the test batch 2 and the test batch 3 of the different simulators is larger and exceeds +/-1%, while for using the sub-battery and the whole battery as the working standard, the deviation of the test batch 2 and the test batch 3 of the different simulators is greatly reduced;
in summary, the calibration and use method of the three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space can effectively solve the problem that the test result is deviated due to different mismatch deviations between spectrums of different simulators and AM0 spectrums, and meanwhile saves the cost for manufacturing sub-cells.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for calibrating and using the three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for the space is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
calibrating a working standard sub-battery: the solar simulator is an A+3-level spectrum section adjustable solar simulator with the spectrum mismatch degree less than or equal to +/-10%, and I-V characteristics are tested by using a source meter or an electronic load to obtain short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: placing the secondary standard top junction sub-cell in an illumination area, and testing the I-V characteristic of the secondary standard top junction sub-cell; according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, the light intensity of the solar simulator is regulated, so that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the secondary standard top junction sub-battery is within +/-1%; then placing the top junction sub-battery to be calibrated at the same position of an illumination area, testing the I-V characteristic of the top junction sub-battery to obtain a short circuit current, and taking the short circuit current as a calibration value of the working standard top junction sub-battery; according to the method for calibrating the working standard sub-battery, calibrating the middle junction sub-battery and the bottom junction sub-battery of the working standard is completed in sequence;
calibrating a working standard whole battery: the solar simulator is an A+ level solar simulator, and a second level standard solar cell comprising a top junction cell, a middle junction cell and a bottom junction cell is sequentially arranged at the same position of an illumination area to test the I-V characteristic of the solar simulator; according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, the spectrum of the solar simulator is regulated, so that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction cell and the middle junction cell is within +/-1%, and meanwhile, the actually measured short-circuit current of the bottom junction cell is not lower than the calibrated current value; then placing the working standard whole battery to be calibrated at the same position of an illumination area, testing the I-V characteristic of the working standard whole battery to obtain a short-circuit current, and taking the short-circuit current as a calibration value of the working standard whole battery;
three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell for space is used: the space comprising a top junction sub-cell, a middle junction sub-cell and a bottom junction sub-cell is sequentially placed at the same position of an illumination area by using a three-junction gallium arsenide working standard solar cell, and the I-V characteristics of the space are tested; according to the actually measured short-circuit current value, the spectrum of the solar simulator is regulated, so that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the top junction sub-battery and the middle junction sub-battery is within +/-1%, and meanwhile, the actually measured short-circuit current of the bottom junction standard sub-battery is not lower than the calibrated current value; then placing the working standard whole battery at the same position of the illumination area, and adjusting the light intensity of the solar simulator to ensure that the deviation between the actually measured short-circuit current and the calibrated current value of the working standard whole battery is within +/-1 percent; after calibration, placing the solar cell to be tested at the same position of an illumination area, and testing the I-V characteristic of the solar cell;
the working standard sub-battery, the working standard whole battery and the secondary standard solar battery have the same structure, the working standard whole battery is derived from the battery to be tested, and the working standard whole battery and the battery to be tested belong to the same batch;
the to-be-tested battery, the working standard sub-battery and the working standard whole battery have the same structure, and the to-be-tested battery and the working standard whole battery belong to the same batch;
the battery to be tested is in a lattice matching structure or a positive mismatch structure.
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