CN112211556B - Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a static pointing and rotating guide device and method based on the principle of hydraulic pressure, including a deflection control mechanism and a quasi-static sleeve, and the deflection control mechanism includes at least 3 sets of pushing mechanisms arranged on the wall of the offset cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction Above, the pushing mechanism set on the wall of the offset cylinder can transmit the thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure; The thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft is transmitted; the resultant force of the quasi-static sleeve to generate reaction force to the bias cylinder through each pushing mechanism can drive the central shaft assembly to undergo flexible deformation through the follow-up righting bearing, so that the lower end of the central shaft drives the drill bit The quasi-static sleeve rotates with the steerable connecting structure as the center. The invention uses a hydraulic method to force the central shaft to undergo flexible deformation, and achieves the purpose of changing the trajectory of the wellbore by changing the direction of the drill bit, so that the dependence of the rotary steerable drilling tool on the strength of the formation is reduced.

Description

A Static Pointing and Rotating Steering Device Based on Hydraulic Principle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a static pointing rotary steering device based on hydraulic principles.

Background technique

At present, for drilling, it is difficult to guide the drilling direction conveniently and accurately during drilling, and the drilling guide devices with eccentric structures such as ordinary mechanical eccentric rings not only have low guiding accuracy, but also have complex structures. In the process, it is more difficult.

Therefore, the present invention provides a static pointing and rotating guide device based on the hydraulic principle to solve the problems raised in the background art above.

Contents of the invention

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A static pointing and rotating guide device based on the principle of hydraulic pressure, characterized in that it includes a quasi-static sleeve and a deflection control mechanism, a central shaft is pierced in the quasi-static sleeve, and the quasi-static sleeve passes through at least one pair of bearings The structure is rotatably connected to the corresponding position of the central axis;

A movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the deflection control mechanism is connected to the quasi-static sleeve, and the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep rotating synchronously , the deflection control mechanism includes at least 3 sets of pushing mechanisms, and the at least 3 sets of pushing mechanisms are arranged on the offset cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the offset cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve There is an active gap between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;

The pushing mechanism can move toward or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is used for Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the thrust is transmitted to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve;

The offset cylinder is connected to the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing, and is used to transmit thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;

During the guiding process, the quasi-static sleeve restricts the rotation of the quasi-static sleeve through the friction force between the anti-rotation device and the well wall, so that the quasi-static sleeve and the well wall generally remain relatively static.

Further, as a preference, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is steerably connected to the corresponding position of the central shaft through a steerable connection structure, so as to make the drill bit rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure as the center. The drill bit is arranged below the central shaft, and the steerable connection structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit; the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected to the central shaft through at least one uprighting bearing, which is used to make the drill bit steerable The connection structure is centered to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve, the offset cylinder is arranged above the steerable connection structure, the centering bearing is arranged above the offset cylinder, and the distance between the steerable connection structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 meters;

Further, as a preference, the bias cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected through a first anti-rotation mechanism, and the first anti-rotation mechanism is arranged between the bias cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve for limiting the quasi-static sleeve The relative rotation between the offset cylinder and the well axis as the axis of rotation;

The first anti-rotation mechanism at least includes any one or combination of hard pipe 42, bellows, slotted pipe, perforated pipe, metal plate, metal rod, and the hard pipe 42, bellows, slotted Any one or a combination of tubes, perforated tubes, and metal rods are respectively connected to the quasi-static sleeve and the offset sleeve, and are used to transfer the torque transmitted from the follow-up centering bearing to the offset sleeve to the quasi-static sleeve. The follow-up righting bearing can move along the radial direction of the offset cylinder together with the offset cylinder;

The first anti-rotation mechanism is a hard tube, the two ends of the hard tube are respectively connected to the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve through universal joints, and the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate with the The relative rotational movement of the offset cylinder generates torque on the follow-up righting bearing, and the torque is transmitted to the quasi-static sleeve through the hard tube and its two-section universal joints;

Further, as a preference, the set number of the pushing mechanism is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, and each group of pushing mechanism corresponds to a set of hydraulic system, which is used for each group of pushing mechanism respectively Providing hydraulic force, each of the pushing mechanisms at least includes a cylinder structure disposed on the side wall of the bias cylinder and a driving piston disposed in the cylinder structure, the driving piston can move toward or away from the The axis of the central shaft moves and is capable of abutting against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.

Further, preferably, the first anti-rotation mechanism includes at least one hard tube connected to the biasing cylinder, one or both ends of the hard tube are provided with a hinge structure; the hard tube passes through the hinge structure Connected with the quasi-static sleeve, it is used to restrict the axial movement of the bias cylinder relative to the quasi-static sleeve through a hard tube; the hard tube includes at least two torque locking structures, and the first torque locking structure is used to limit The relative rotation between the hard tube and the quasi-static sleeve with the well axis as the axis of rotation, the second torque locking structure is used to limit the relative rotation between the hard tube and the offset cylinder with the well axis as the axis of rotation rotation, the torque locking mechanism includes but not limited to a lock ball structure, a latch structure, and a thread structure.

Further, as a preference, the hydraulic system is arranged in the cylinder wall of the quasi-static sleeve, and the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the offset cylinder wall by a hydraulic pipeline, and the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible pipe Or hose, used to transmit the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the pushing mechanism. The hydraulic system arranged below the offset cylinder is connected with the pushing mechanism in the offset cylinder by a flexible pipe, or the hydraulic system is arranged above the offset cylinder and connected with the push mechanism in the offset cylinder by a flexible pipe.

Further, preferably, the hydraulic system at least includes a motor, a pump and a throttle valve, the motor drives the pump to generate hydraulic power fluid, and the hydraulic power fluid is pumped from the outlet of the pump and flows through the throttle valve Return to the inlet of the pump, the pipeline between the pump outlet and the throttle valve is a power fluid pipeline, and the power fluid pipeline is connected with the cylinder structure in the offset cylinder (51) for The hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system is transmitted to the bottom surface of the driving piston (52), the resultant force of the hydraulic pressure formed by all the driving pistons is in the range of 0-5 tons, and the piston arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is hydraulically activated. protruding from the bottom and abutting against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the resultant force formed by each of the driving pistons drives the central shaft to undergo flexible deformation, so that the central shaft below the force point rotates around the steerable connection structure, Then the drill bit is deflected relative to the quasi-static sleeve, and the purpose of changing the wellbore trajectory is achieved as the wellbore deepens.

Further, as a preference, a second anti-rotation mechanism capable of contacting the well wall and having an anti-rotation function is provided on the outer circumference of the quasi-static sleeve, and the second anti-rotation mechanism at least includes an anti-rotation piston assembly , the anti-rotation piston assembly is provided with a piston that can push the anti-rotation pusher to abut against the well wall, or the piston itself provided inside the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation pusher The second anti-rotation mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.

Further, preferably, the steerable connecting structure is a focusing bearing, and the quasi-static sleeve is connected to the central shaft through the focusing bearing, the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing, and the focusing bearing is arranged on the following central axis Below the bearing, the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing are arranged above the follow-up centralizing bearing;

The focus bearing is a bearing that simultaneously has the functions of centering, thrust and articulation. The outer friction pair and the inner friction pair of the focus bearing can rotate relative to the central axis, and the drill bit below the central axis can also be rotated by the The above-mentioned focusing bearing is used as the center to rotate;

The energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transmission part, the energy transmission part at least includes an energy output end and an energy receiving end for power transmission, and the way of power transmission is slip ring contact power transmission The transmission of electric energy by means of transmission, or the transmission of electric energy by means of non-contact wireless energy transfer.

Further, preferably, the energy output end is electrically connected to the energy supply circuit through an electric wire, the energy output end is electrically connected to the pressure electric wire, the energy supply circuit is electrically connected to the second electric wire, and the second electric wire is connected to the bearing The piezoelectric wire is electrically connected through a pressure-bearing pin, and the pressure-bearing pin at least includes a male pin and a female pin, the male pin is electrically connected to the second wire, and the female pin is electrically connected to the pressure-bearing wire .

Further, preferably, the energy transmission part is a wireless energy transmission part, and the energy output end transmits energy to the energy receiving end through electromagnetic coupling; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit, which is used to provide energy output AC power is provided.

Further, as a preference, the second anti-rotation mechanism, offset cylinder, hydraulic system, electronic circuit storage bin, and bearing structure are respectively arranged in the static pointing and rotating guide device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top; The energy transmission part is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodation bin and the first centralizing bearing, or the energy transmission part is arranged between the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing.

Further, preferably, the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected to each other through a hinge structure, and the hinge structure is any torque-transmittable hinge structure including a universal joint.

Further, as a preference, a second anti-rotation mechanism capable of contacting the well wall and having an anti-rotation function is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder, and the second anti-rotation mechanism includes an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation mechanism. The anti-rotation pusher, the anti-rotation piston assembly is provided with a piston that can push the anti-rotation pusher to abut against the well wall,

There is a window on the outside of the quasi-static sleeve, and the anti-rotation pushing member can pass through the window on the outside of the non-rotating sleeve to abut against the well wall to achieve the purpose of anti-rotation.

Further, the present invention provides a static pointing and rotating steering method based on the principle of hydraulic pressure, which is characterized in that it includes a quasi-static sleeve and a deflection control mechanism, a central shaft is pierced in the quasi-static sleeve, and the quasi-static sleeve The lower end of the cylinder is steerably connected to the corresponding position of the central shaft through a steerable connection structure, and is used to make the drill bit rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure as the center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve passes through at least one bearing The structure is rotatably connected to the corresponding position of the central axis;

A movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit is arranged below the central shaft, and the steerable connecting structure is within 1.5 meters from the drill bit;

The deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve are connected to each other, and the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep rotating synchronously, and the deflection control mechanism includes at least one set of pushing mechanisms, and the at least one set of pushing mechanisms The mechanism is arranged on the offset cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, the offset cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and there is a movable gap between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;

The pushing mechanism can move toward or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is used for Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the thrust is transmitted to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve;

The offset cylinder is connected to the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing, and is used to transmit thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;

By applying hydraulic pressure to each of the pushing mechanisms, the pushing mechanisms are made to abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, so that the quasi-static sleeve transmits a reaction force to the bias cylinder through the pushing mechanism, and the The quasi-static sleeve generates a reaction force to the bias cylinder through each of the pushing mechanisms, and the resultant force of each of the reaction forces drives the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve to generate Flexible deformation, the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure as the center.

Further, as a preference, the set number of the pushing mechanism is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, and each group of pushing mechanism corresponds to a set of hydraulic system, which is used for each group of pushing mechanism respectively Providing hydraulic force, each of the pushing mechanisms at least includes a cylinder structure disposed on the side wall of the bias cylinder and a driving piston disposed in the cylinder structure, the driving piston can move toward or away from the The axis of the central shaft moves and is capable of abutting against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.

When rotary steerable drilling needs to be realized, the greater the magnitude of the bias resultant force vector, the greater the amount of flexible deformation of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve, and the central shaft drives the drill bit to be steerable The greater the angle at which the center of the connection structure rotates relative to the quasi-static sleeve, the higher the build-up rate; the smaller the amplitude of the bias resultant force vector, the more flexible the central shaft assembly is deformed relative to the quasi-static sleeve The smaller the amount, the smaller the angle at which the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure as the center, and the lower the build-up rate;

The magnitude and direction of the bias force can be controlled by adjusting the pressure value of the hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic systems. The magnitude and direction of the bias force force the central shaft to deform against the bias, driving the drill bit to steerable connection The center of the structure rotates at a certain angle to the steering direction to achieve the purpose of steering drilling.

Further, as a preference, in order to ensure the stability during the operation of the static pointing rotary steering based on the hydraulic principle, the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each set of pushing mechanisms on the bias cylinder coincides with the radial direction of the non-rotating casing.

During the rotary steerable real-time rotary steerable drilling operation, the hydraulic pressure generated by all the hydraulic systems is greater than the annular pressure, so that all the pistons arranged on the offset cylinder abut against the well wall with a thrust not less than % of their maximum thrust.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The present invention adopts the static pointing rotary steerable drilling device based on the principle of hydraulic pressure, has a simple structure, can accurately and conveniently control and adjust the angle and direction of drilling, and realizes accurate and convenient drilling and well exiting.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a static pointing and rotating guide device based on hydraulic principles;

Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the lower half of one embodiment of a static pointing and rotating guide device based on hydraulic principles;

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the upper part of one embodiment of a static pointing and rotating guide device based on the principle of hydraulic pressure

Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the lower half of another embodiment of a static pointing and rotating guide device based on the hydraulic principle.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of a static pointing and rotating guide device based on a hydraulic principle at the position of an offset cylinder.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Figures 1-3 and 5, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a static pointing and rotating guide device based on the principle of hydraulic pressure,

It includes a quasi-static sleeve 6 and a deflection control mechanism 50. It is characterized in that the quasi-static sleeve 6 is pierced with a central shaft 20, and the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected to the center through a steerable connection structure 21. The corresponding position of the shaft 20 is steerable connection, which is used to make the drill bit rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure as the center,

The upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected to the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through at least one bearing structure 23; a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, and the drill bit 1 is arranged on Below the central axis, the steerable connecting structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit;

The deflection control mechanism 50 is connected to the quasi-static sleeve, and the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep rotating synchronously. The deflection control mechanism includes at least 3 sets of pushing mechanisms 52, the at least Three groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on the offset cylinder 51 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the offset cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and there is a gap between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve. There are gaps in activity;

The pushing mechanism 52 can move toward or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism 52 is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is used for Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the thrust is transmitted to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve;

The offset cylinder is connected to the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing 22, and is used to transmit thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;

In this embodiment, the bias cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected through a first anti-rotation mechanism, and the first anti-rotation mechanism is arranged between the bias cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve to limit the quasi-static sleeve. The relative rotation between the cylinder and the offset cylinder with the well axis as the axis of rotation;

The first anti-rotation mechanism adopts any one or a combination of pins, keyways, hard pipes 42, slotted pipes, perforated pipes, bellows, metal plates, and flexible metal rods to move the follower The torque transmitted by the centering bearing to the offset cylinder is further transmitted to the quasi-static sleeve.

Wherein, the number of setting of the pushing mechanism 52 is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, and each group of pushing mechanism corresponds to a set of hydraulic system 54 respectively, which is used to provide respectively for each group of pushing mechanism. Hydraulic pressure, each of the pushing mechanisms at least includes a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of the bias cylinder 51 and a driving piston 52 arranged in the cylinder structure, and the driving piston can move toward or away from the The axis of the central shaft moves and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.

As a preferred embodiment, the first anti-rotation mechanism includes at least one hard tube 42 connected with the bias cylinder, and one or both ends of the hard tube are provided with a hinge structure; the hard tube It is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a hinge structure, and is used to restrict the axial movement of the bias cylinder relative to the quasi-static sleeve through a hard tube; the hard tube includes at least two torque locking structures, the first torque locking structure It is used to limit the relative rotation between the hard tube and the quasi-static sleeve with the well axis as the axis of rotation, and the second torque locking structure is used to limit the rotation between the hard tube and the offset cylinder around the well axis The relative rotation of the shaft, the torque locking mechanism includes but not limited to a lock ball structure, a latch structure, and a thread structure.

In the present invention, the hydraulic system is arranged in the side wall of the quasi-static sleeve, and the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, and the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible tube 53 or hose.

During the rotary steerable drilling process of the device, the pistons arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder protrude under the action of hydraulic pressure and abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, and the resultant force formed by each of the driving pistons drives the The flexible deformation of the central shaft makes the central shaft below the stress point rotate around the steerable connection structure, and then the drill bit is deflected relative to the quasi-static sleeve. With the deepening of the wellbore, the purpose of changing the wellbore trajectory is achieved.

As a more preferred embodiment, a second anti-rotation mechanism 30 capable of contacting the well wall and having an anti-rotation function is provided on the outer circumference of the quasi-static sleeve, and the second anti-rotation mechanism at least includes an anti-rotation Piston assembly, the anti-rotation piston assembly is provided with a piston that can push the anti-rotation pusher to abut against the well wall, or the piston itself provided inside the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation piston assembly. The rest is pushed back, and the second anti-rotation mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.

Wherein, the steerable connecting structure 21 is a focusing bearing, and the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focusing bearing, the first centering bearing 23 and the second centering bearing 24, and the focusing bearing is arranged on the follower centering Below the bearing 22, the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing are arranged above the follow-up centralizing bearing;

The energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transmission member, the energy transmission member at least includes an energy output end 72 and an energy receiving end 71 for transmitting power, and the way of transmitting power is a slip ring Electric energy is transmitted by means of contact power transmission, or by means of non-contact wireless energy transfer.

The energy output end 72 is electrically connected to the energy supply circuit 81 through an electric wire, the energy output end 72 is electrically connected to the pressure-bearing electric wire 73, the energy supply circuit 81 is electrically connected to the second electric wire 76, and the second electric wire 76 It is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire 73 through the pressure-bearing pin, and the pressure-bearing pin at least includes a male pin 75 and a female pin 74, and the male pin 75 is electrically connected with the second electric wire 76, and the female pin The needle 74 is electrically connected to the pressure-bearing electric wire 73 . The energy transmission part is a wireless energy transmission part, and the energy output terminal 72 transmits energy to the energy receiving terminal 71 through electromagnetic coupling; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit for providing AC power to the energy output terminal.

As a more preferred embodiment, the second anti-rotation mechanism, offset cylinder, hydraulic system, electronic circuit storage bin, and bearing structure 23 are respectively arranged in the static pointing and rotating guide device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top. The energy transmission member is arranged between the electronic circuit storage bin and the first centralizing bearing, or the energy transmission member is arranged between the first centralizing bearing 23 and the second centralizing bearing 24 .

Please refer to Figures 3 to 5, in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, a static pointing and rotating guide device based on the principle of hydraulic pressure,

The difference between said embodiment 2 and embodiment 1 is as follows,

The offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected to each other through a hinge structure 41, and the hinge structure is any hinge structure including a universal joint.

The outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder is also provided with a second anti-rotation mechanism capable of contacting the well wall and having an anti-rotation function. The second anti-rotation mechanism includes an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing member. The anti-rotation piston assembly is provided with a piston inside, which can push the anti-rotation pusher to abut against the well wall,

There is a window on the outside of the quasi-static sleeve, and the anti-rotation pushing member can pass through the window on the outside of the non-rotating sleeve to abut against the well wall to achieve the purpose of anti-rotation.

In addition, referring to Figs. 1-5, the present invention provides a static pointing and rotating guiding method based on the principle of hydraulic pressure, which is characterized in that it includes a quasi-static sleeve 6 and a deflection control mechanism 50, and the quasi-static sleeve 6 penetrates A central shaft 20 is provided, and the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is steerably connected to the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through a steerable connection structure 21, so that the drill bit is centered on the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure Rotate, the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected to the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through at least one bearing structure 23;

A movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit 1 is arranged below the central shaft, and the steerable connection structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit;

The deflection control mechanism 50 is connected to the quasi-static sleeve, and the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep rotating synchronously. The deflection control mechanism includes at least 3 sets of pushing mechanisms 52, the at least Three groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on the offset cylinder 51 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the offset cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and there is a gap between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve. There are gaps in activity;

The pushing mechanism 52 can move toward or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism 52 is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is used for Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the thrust is transmitted to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve;

The offset cylinder is connected to the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing 22, and is used to transmit thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;

Apply hydraulic pressure to each of the pushing mechanisms through the hydraulic system, so that the pushing mechanisms are in contact with the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, so that the quasi-static sleeve generates a reaction force to the bias cylinder through each of the pushing mechanisms , and the resultant force of the reaction force drives the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up righting bearing, so that the central shaft drives the drill bit to face each other with the steerable connection structure as the center The quasi-static sleeve rotates.

Wherein, the number of setting of the pushing mechanism 52 is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, and each group of pushing mechanism corresponds to a set of hydraulic system 54 respectively, which is used to provide respectively for each group of pushing mechanism. Hydraulic pressure, each of the pushing mechanisms at least includes a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of the bias cylinder 51 and a driving piston 52 arranged in the cylinder structure, and the driving piston can move toward or away from the The axis of the central shaft moves and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.

When it is necessary to realize rotary steerable drilling, the greater the magnitude of the bias resultant force vector applied to the central shaft generated by the deflection control mechanism, the greater the amount of flexible deformation of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve , the greater the angle at which the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the steerable connection structure as the center, the stronger the deflection capability and the higher the deflection rate; The smaller the amplitude of the applied bias resultant force vector, the smaller the amount of flexible deformation of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve. The smaller the angle at which the cylinder rotates, the weaker the build-up ability and the lower the build-up rate;

The magnitude and direction of the bias force applied to the central shaft are controlled by adjusting the hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic systems. The magnitude and direction of the bias force force the central shaft to deform against the bias and drive the drill bit. With the steerable connection structure as the center, a certain angle of rotation occurs in the steering direction to achieve the purpose of steering drilling. By controlling the resultant direction of the biasing force in the opposite direction of the guiding direction, the deformation of the central axis in the opposite direction of the guiding direction is realized, and the purpose of controlling the guiding direction is achieved.

In order to ensure the stability during the operation of the static pointing rotary steering based on the hydraulic principle, the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each group of pushing mechanisms on the bias cylinder coincides with the radial direction of the non-rotating sleeve.

During the rotary steerable real-time rotary steerable drilling operation, the hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is greater than the annular pressure, so that all the pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are against the well wall with a thrust not less than 3% of their maximum thrust .

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the scheme and its inventive concepts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve (6) and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft (20) is arranged in the quasi-static sleeve (6) in a penetrating way, and the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft (20) at least through a pair of bearing structures; a gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft and is used for providing a deformation space for the central shaft when the central shaft deflects under the control of the deflection control mechanism, and the drill bit (1) is arranged below the central shaft; the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms (52), the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder (51) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve; the pushing mechanism (52) is arranged on the wall of the offset cylinder and used for propping against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure to transmit pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve; the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing (22) and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing; the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first rotation preventing mechanism, and the first rotation preventing mechanism is arranged between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting the relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as a rotation shaft.

2. A static directional rotary steerable device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the lower part of the central shaft (20) in a steerable way through a steerable connecting structure (21), the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through at least one bearing structure for enabling the drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve centering around the steerable connecting structure, the bearing structure comprises a first centralizing bearing (23), the offset cylinder is arranged above the steerable connecting structure, the first centralizing bearing (23) is arranged above the offset cylinder (51), and the steerable connecting structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit.

3. The static pointing rotation guide device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 1, wherein the first rotation preventing mechanism at least comprises any one or a combination of a hard tube, a corrugated tube, a slit tube, a perforated tube, a metal plate and a metal rod, and is respectively connected with the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder, and is used for further transmitting torque transmitted to the offset cylinder by the servo righting bearing to the quasi-static sleeve.

4. A static pointing rotation guide based on hydraulic principle according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the pushing mechanisms (52) is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, each group of pushing mechanisms corresponds to a set of hydraulic systems (54) respectively and is used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms respectively, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of the biasing cylinder (51) and a driving piston arranged in the cylinder structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can be abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.

5. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 1, wherein the first anti-rotation mechanism comprises at least one hard tube (42) connected with the biasing cylinder, the hard tube at least comprises two torsion locking structures, the first torsion locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard tube and the quasi-static sleeve, which takes a well axis as a rotation axis, the second torsion locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard tube and the biasing cylinder, which takes the well axis as a rotation axis, and the torsion locking structure is any one or combination of a lock ball structure, a key slot structure, a bolt structure, a thread structure and a ball cage structure.

6. The static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic system is arranged in the wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the biasing sleeve by adopting a hydraulic pipeline for transmitting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the pushing mechanism, the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible pipe (53) or a flexible pipe, and the hydraulic system is a hydraulic system capable of independently adjusting the hydraulic pressure and is used for providing different hydraulic pressures for each group of pushing mechanisms.

7. The static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic system at least comprises a motor, a pump and a throttle valve, the motor drives the pump to generate hydraulic power fluid, the hydraulic power fluid is pumped out from an outlet of the pump, flows through the throttle valve and flows back to an inlet of the pump, a pipeline between the outlet of the pump and the throttle valve is a power fluid pipeline, the power fluid pipeline is communicated with a cylinder structure in a biasing cylinder (51) and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the bottom surface of a driving piston, the resultant force of hydraulic pressure formed by all driving pistons is in a range of 0-5 tons, and the resultant force formed by the driving pistons drives the central shaft to flexibly deform, so that the central shaft below a stress point rotates around a steerable connecting structure.

8. The static directional rotation guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 2, wherein a second rotation preventing mechanism (30) capable of contacting with a well wall and having a rotation preventing function is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the quasi-static sleeve, the second rotation preventing mechanism at least comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly, a piston capable of pushing an anti-rotation pushing piece to abut against the well wall is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly, or the piston arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation pushing piece, and the second rotation preventing mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.

9. A static pointing rotation guide based on hydraulic principle according to claim 8, characterized in that the steerable connecting structure (21) is a focus bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focus bearing, a first righting bearing (23) and a second righting bearing (24), the focus bearing is arranged below the follower righting bearing (22), and the first righting bearing and the second righting bearing are arranged above the follower righting bearing; the energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transmission piece, and the energy transmission piece at least comprises an energy output end (72) and an energy receiving end (71) and is used for transmitting electric power, wherein the electric power transmission mode is a slip ring contact transmission mode for transmitting electric energy or a non-contact wireless energy transmission mode for transmitting electric energy.

10. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 9, characterized in that the energy output end (72) is electrically connected with an energy supply circuit (81) through an electric wire, the energy output end (72) is electrically connected with a bearing electric wire (73), the energy supply circuit (81) is electrically connected with a second electric wire (76), the second electric wire (76) is electrically connected with the bearing electric wire (73) through a bearing pin, the bearing pin at least comprises a male pin (75) and a female pin (74), the male pin (75) is electrically connected with the second electric wire (76), and the female pin (74) is electrically connected with the bearing electric wire (73).

11. A static directional rotary steerable device according to claim 9, characterized in that the energy transmission is a wireless energy transmission, the energy output (72) transmitting energy to the energy receiving (71) by means of electromagnetic coupling; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit for providing alternating current to the energy output terminal.

12. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 9, wherein a second anti-rotation mechanism, a biasing cylinder, a hydraulic system, an electronic circuit accommodating bin and a first centralizing bearing (23) are respectively arranged in the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top; the energy transmission piece is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the first centralizing bearing, or the energy transmission piece is arranged between the first centralizing bearing (23) and the second centralizing bearing (24).

13. A static pointing rotation guide based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 1, characterized in that the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are interconnected by a hinge structure (41), which is any hinge structure including a universal joint.

14. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 13, wherein a second anti-rotation mechanism which can be in contact with a well wall and has an anti-rotation function is further arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder, the second anti-rotation mechanism comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing piece, and a piston capable of pushing the anti-rotation pushing piece to be abutted against the well wall is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly; the window is arranged on the outer side of the quasi-static sleeve, and the anti-rotation pushing and leaning piece can penetrate out of the window arranged on the outer side of the quasi-static sleeve, so that the anti-rotation pushing and leaning piece can be abutted against a well wall, and the anti-rotation purpose is achieved.

15. A static directional rotary guiding method based on hydraulic principle, characterized in that the method is based on a static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle as claimed in any one of claims 1-14, the static directional rotary guiding device comprises a quasi-static sleeve (6) and a deflection control mechanism (50), a central shaft (20) is penetrated in the quasi-static sleeve (6), the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft (20) in a rotatable way through a rotatable connecting structure (21) for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the rotatable connecting structure as a center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft (20) in a rotatable way through at least one first righting bearing (23); a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit (1) is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 meters; the deflection control mechanism (50) is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms (52), the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder (51) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve; the pushing mechanism (52) can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft, the pushing mechanism (52) is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is used for transmitting pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure; the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing (22) and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing; applying hydraulic pressure to each pushing mechanism through a hydraulic system, enabling the pushing mechanisms to be in contact with the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, enabling the quasi-static sleeve to generate reaction force to the biasing cylinder through each pushing mechanism, enabling the resultant force of the reaction force to drive the central shaft to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up righting bearing, and enabling the central shaft to drive the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center; the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first rotation preventing mechanism, and the first rotation preventing mechanism is arranged between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting the relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as a rotation shaft.

16. A static pointing rotation guiding method based on hydraulic principle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the number of said pushing mechanisms (52) is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, each group of pushing mechanisms corresponds to a set of hydraulic systems (54) respectively, for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms respectively, each pushing mechanism comprises at least a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of said biasing cylinder (51) and a driving piston arranged in said cylinder structure, said driving piston being movable towards or away from the axis of said central shaft and being capable of abutting against the inner wall of said quasi-static sleeve; when the rotary steering drilling is required to be realized, the amplitude value of the bias resultant force vector applied to the central shaft and generated by the deflection control mechanism controls the build rate of the rotary steering device; the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force are controlled by adjusting the pressure value of hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic system, the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force the central shaft to deform against the biasing force, the drill bit is driven to rotate by a certain angle towards the guiding direction by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, and the guiding direction is controlled by controlling the direction of the combined force of the biasing force, so that the purpose of guiding drilling is achieved.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein, to ensure stability during operation of the hydrostatic principle-based static directional rotary guide, the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each set of pushing mechanisms on the biasing cylinder is substantially coincident with the radial direction of the quasi-static sleeve; during the real-time rotary steering drilling operation of the rotary steering device, the hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is larger than the annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are abutted against the quasi-static sleeve with a thrust force not smaller than 3% of the maximum thrust force.

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