CN112207424B - A device and method for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of energetic materials - Google Patents
A device and method for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of energetic materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN112207424B CN112207424B CN202010919538.8A CN202010919538A CN112207424B CN 112207424 B CN112207424 B CN 112207424B CN 202010919538 A CN202010919538 A CN 202010919538A CN 112207424 B CN112207424 B CN 112207424B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZLJNVMRJXHARQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Cr].[Cu] Chemical compound [Zr].[Cr].[Cu] QZLJNVMRJXHARQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K23/00—Alumino-thermic welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of an energetic material, relating to the field of energetic material self-propagating reaction technology and application, wherein the device comprises: the upper metal foil is arranged on one side of the energetic material, and a plurality of salient points which can be contacted with the energetic material are preset on one surface, which is opposite to the energetic material, of the upper metal foil; the lower metal foil is arranged on the other side of the energetic material, and a plurality of salient points which can be contacted with the energetic material are also preset on one surface, which is opposite to the energetic material, of the lower metal foil; the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil are in contact with the energetic material through the bumps to generate a plurality of contact points, and the contact points are provided with contact resistances; the self-propagating reaction of the energetic material can be induced at the contact points by the accumulated resistance heat of the contact resistance under the action of the current reaching the critical induction temperature of the energetic material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energetic material self-propagating reaction technology and application, in particular to a device and a method for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of an energetic material.
Background
The energetic material has high self-propagating reaction energy density and high reaction speed, and can be widely applied to the fields of micro-nano devices, aerospace, national defense, military and the like as a local heat source. The metal nano multilayer film is an important component of an energetic material, and particularly relates to a film material formed by alternately arranging two or more than two metals. Under the inducing working conditions of laser, electric spark and the like, the self-propagating reaction heat release can be generated when the local temperature of the nano multilayer film reaches the intermetallic chemical reaction condition, and the high temperature of 1000-3000 ℃ is obtained. The obtained temperature in the self-propagating reaction heat release process is high, the reaction speed is high, the brazing filler metal is melted or a connected piece is melted as a local heat source, and the method is widely applied to micro-nano devices such as circuit boards, relays and the like.
Increasing the reaction rate of the energetic material helps to inhibit the formation of joint defects. In recent years, the self-propagating reaction speed can be improved to a certain extent by optimizing material components, structural parameters, preparation methods and other approaches of energetic materials such as nano multilayer films and the like. Taking Al/Ni nano multilayer film as an example, the reaction speed is improved from 7.5m/s to 15m/s by optimizing the structural parameters. However, the above method is expensive to optimize and is not universal. If the reaction speed can be improved by changing the self-propagating reaction induction mode, the problem of poor universality of the method can be effectively overcome. In the traditional induction modes of electric spark, laser and the like, self-propagating reactions are all single-point induction, and reaction waves are diffused to another layer from one side of the film. The effect on the response speed is not significant by adopting different single-point induced induction modes.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to develop a new device and method for increasing the self-propagating reaction speed of the energetic material, so as to overcome the problem that the prior art adopts a combination of an optimized nano-multilayer film and a self-propagating reaction single-point induction mode, which has no significant influence on the reaction speed and thus has no universality.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the induction manner of the self-propagating reaction so as to increase the reaction speed of the energetic material, so that the method for optimizing the nano-multilayer film is more universal.
The self-propagating reactions in the prior art are all single-point inducements, and if multipoint inducement can be realized, the traveling distance of the reaction wave can be obviously shortened, and the reaction speed of the self-propagating reactions can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a device for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of an energetic material by utilizing multi-point induction, wherein the multi-point induction in the device simultaneously induces the self-propagating reaction, so that the device is beneficial to reducing the traveling distance of a reaction wave, improving the reaction speed, and expanding the application of the energetic material in the fields of micro-nano device connection and the like.
The invention provides a device for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of an energetic material, which comprises:
the upper metal foil is arranged on one side of the energetic material, and a plurality of salient points which can be contacted with the energetic material are preset on one surface, which is opposite to the energetic material, of the upper metal foil;
the lower metal foil is arranged on the other side of the energetic material, and a plurality of salient points which can be contacted with the energetic material are also preset on one surface, which is opposite to the energetic material, of the lower metal foil;
the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil are in contact with the energetic material through the bumps to generate a plurality of contact points, and the contact points are provided with contact resistances;
the pressure required by the contact point is generated by a pressure device, and the pressure device acts on the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil through an upper electrode rod and a lower electrode rod respectively;
the self-propagating reaction of the energetic material can be induced at the contact points by the accumulated resistance heat of the contact resistance under the action of the current reaching the critical induction temperature of the energetic material.
Furthermore, the bumps are pre-arranged on the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil through a selective laser melting technology.
Furthermore, the materials of the bumps are Sn, Cu or the alloy materials of Sn and Cu.
Further, the shape of the salient points is hemispherical, semi-ellipsoidal or cubic.
Further, the contact area of the contact points is 1mm2To 100mm2In the meantime.
Further, the thickness of the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil is between 0.01mm and 10 mm.
Further, the energetic material comprises a structure capable of undergoing a self-propagating reaction, and can be a nano-multilayer film or metal/oxide powder.
Further, the pressure device is a spring damper or a pneumatic device.
Furthermore, the upper electrode rod and the lower electrode rod are made of tungsten copper, chromium zirconium copper or molybdenum; the end surfaces of the upper electrode rod and the lower electrode rod are in the shape of circular arc surfaces, circles or squares.
The invention provides a method for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of an energetic material, which adopts a device for improving the self-propagating reaction speed of the energetic material as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 to carry out the self-propagating reaction, and comprises the following steps:
and step 10, turning on a power supply, and measuring the self-propagating reaction speed of the energetic material by using a high-speed camera.
The invention provides a device and a method for inducing an energetic material to generate a self-propagating reaction by utilizing multiple points, wherein the simultaneous inducing process of the multiple points in the device is beneficial to shortening the traveling distance of a reaction wave, improving the self-propagating reaction speed and expanding the application of the energetic material in the field of micro-nano device connection.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 1 showing pre-bump locations of the metal foil;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of bump sizes for the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic geometric dimension diagram of the Al/Ni nano-multilayer film of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the multi-point induction process of the Al/Ni nano-multilayer film of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the location of the dynamic resistance measurement of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the dynamic resistance change of the contact interface between the Al/Ni nano-multilayer film and the metal foil with the preset bump according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 8 to 9 are graphs showing the observation results of the self-propagating reaction process of the Al/Ni nano-multilayer film of the example shown in FIG. 1.
The device comprises a power supply, a transformer, a secondary cable, a pressure device, an upper electrode rod, an upper metal foil, a lower electrode rod, a metal layer and a metal layer, wherein the power supply comprises 1-three-phase alternating current, 2-a power supply, 3-a primary cable, 4-the transformer, 5-the secondary cable, 6-the pressure device, 7-the upper electrode rod, 8-the upper metal foil, 9-salient points, 10-a nano multilayer film, 11-the lower metal foil, 12-the lower electrode rod, 13-an Al metal layer and 14-an Ni metal layer.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
In view of the limitation that the inducing mode in the prior art is single-point inducing, the invention solves the technical problem of how to realize the simultaneous induction of multiple points in the self-propagating reaction process of the energetic material through reasonable design, improve the self-propagating reaction speed and expand the application in the field of micro-nano devices.
Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the apparatus for inducing self-propagating reaction of nano-multilayer film by using multiple points according to the present invention. The device comprises three-phase alternating current 1, a power supply 2, a primary cable 3, a transformer 4, a secondary cable 5, a pressure device 6, an upper electrode rod 7, an upper metal foil 8, salient points 9, a nano multilayer film 10, a lower metal foil 11 and a lower electrode rod 12.
Wherein, the upper metal foil 8 and the lower metal foil 11 are both provided with preset bumps 9.
The material of the upper metal foil 8 and the lower metal foil 11 may be configured to include, but not limited to, Cu, Al, Ni, and alloys thereof.
Wherein the pressure device 6 is a spring pressure device.
The pressure generated by the pressure device 6 acts on the upper metal foil 8 with the preset salient points and the lower metal foil 11 with the preset salient points through the upper electrode rod 7 and the lower electrode rod 12, and multi-point contact is formed on the surface of the nano-multilayer film 10. The resistance heat required by the induction process is generated by the resistance generated by the contact interface of the upper metal foil 8 with the preset salient point, the nano multilayer film 10 and the lower metal foil 11 with the preset salient point under the electrifying current formed by the secondary cable 5. The voltage, current and time parameters required by the resistance heat accumulation are set by the controller. The resistance heat accumulated at the contact point enables the surface temperature of the nano multilayer film to reach the critical induction temperature, and then the self-propagating reaction can be induced at multiple points simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the positions of the prepumped bumps of the metal foil in the embodiment shown in fig. 1. The preset bumps on the upper metal foil 8 and the lower metal foil 11 are arranged the same. In fig. 2, bumps 9 are pre-positioned in upper metal foil 8 and lower metal foil 11 by a selective laser melting technique. The number of the preplaced bumps 9 is 15, arranged in three rows. The row spacing between the bumps 9 is 20um and the row spacing is 10 um.
The dimensions of the individual bumps are shown in fig. 3. In this embodiment, the bumps are semi-ellipsoidal, with a major axis of 10um and a minor axis of 5 um. As shown in fig. 4, the nano-multilayer film used in this embodiment is an Al/Ni nano-multilayer film, and is formed by alternately arranging Al metal layers 13 and Ni metal layers 14. The thickness of the double molecules of the adopted Al/Ni nano multilayer film is 40nm, the total thickness is 40um, and the length is 10.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 5, a flow chart of a multi-point induction process of the Al/Ni nano-multilayer film according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is schematically shown:
8, observing the self-propagating reaction process induced by multiple points of the Al/Ni nano multilayer film 10 by high-speed camera shooting; the results of the reaction process are shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, and the time for completion of the self-propagating reaction is 200 us.
And 9, calculating the reaction speed of the nano multilayer film 10 to be 52.5m/s based on the high-speed image pickup result.
Compared with the existing single-point induction technology, the device and the method for simultaneously inducing the self-propagating reaction of the energetic material by using multiple points are beneficial to reducing the traveling distance of the reaction wave, improving the reaction speed and expanding the application of the nano multilayer film in the field of micro-nano connection.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for increasing the self-propagating reaction rate of energetic materials, comprising:
the upper metal foil is arranged on one side of the energetic material, and a plurality of salient points which can be contacted with the energetic material are preset on one surface, which is opposite to the energetic material, of the upper metal foil;
the lower metal foil is arranged on the other side of the energetic material, and a plurality of salient points which can be contacted with the energetic material are also preset on one surface, which is opposite to the energetic material, of the lower metal foil;
the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil are in contact with the energetic material through the bumps to generate a plurality of contact points, and the contact points are provided with contact resistances;
the pressure required by the contact point is generated by a pressure device, and the pressure device acts on the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil through an upper electrode rod and a lower electrode rod respectively;
the self-propagating reaction of the energetic material can be induced at the contact points by the accumulated resistance heat of the contact resistance under the action of the current reaching the critical induction temperature of the energetic material.
2. The apparatus for increasing the self-propagating reaction speed of energetic material according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of bumps are pre-positioned on said upper metal foil and said lower metal foil by selective laser melting.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material of the bumps is Sn, Cu or an alloy of Sn and Cu.
4. The apparatus for increasing the self-propagating reaction rate of energetic material according to claim 1, wherein the shape of said plurality of bumps is hemispherical, or semi-ellipsoidal, or cubic.
5. The apparatus for increasing the self-propagating reaction rate of energetic material according to claim 1, wherein the contact area of said plurality of contact points is 1mm2To 100mm2In the meantime.
6. The apparatus for increasing the self-propagating reaction speed of energetic material according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of said upper metal foil and said lower metal foil is between 0.01mm and 10 mm.
7. The apparatus for increasing the self-propagating reaction rate of energetic material according to claim 1, wherein said pressure means is spring-damped or pneumatic means.
8. A method for increasing the self-propagating reaction speed of an energetic material, which is carried out by adopting the device for increasing the self-propagating reaction speed of the energetic material as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, pretreating the surfaces of the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil to ensure the smoothness and cleanness of the surfaces;
step 2, presetting the salient points on the surfaces of the upper metal foil and the lower metal foil by a selective laser melting technology;
step 3, adjusting the length and the height of the salient points;
step 4, placing the upper metal foil, the energetic material and the lower metal foil between the upper electrode rod and the lower electrode rod in sequence;
step 5, adjusting the positions of the upper metal foil, the energetic material and the lower metal foil to ensure that the central axes of the upper metal foil, the energetic material and the lower metal foil are the same as the central axes of the upper electrode rod and the lower electrode rod;
step 6, applying pressure through the pressure device;
step 7, measuring the interface resistance of the upper metal foil, the energetic material and the lower metal foil before and after pressure application;
step 8, adjusting the pressure value of the pressure device to ensure the contact among the upper metal foil, the energetic material and the lower metal foil;
step 9, setting the electrifying voltage, the electrifying current and the electrifying time;
and step 10, turning on a power supply, and measuring the self-propagating reaction speed of the energetic material by using a high-speed camera.
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