CN112203727A - Respiratory protective masks and filter housings for respiratory protective masks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a filter receptacle (16) for receiving a filter element (14) for a breathing mask. On the input side (18), the filter receptacle (16) comprises two flat impact elements (22, 24) which are arranged at a distance from one another and parallel and are arranged in front of the accommodated filter element (14). Each crash element (22, 24) comprises a plurality of longitudinal webs (26.1, 26.2) between which an opening (Ö 1, Ö 2) is formed. Each opening (Ö 1) in the one crash element (22) is arranged laterally offset with respect to each opening (Ö 2) in the other crash element (24) so that at least one curved fluid channel (F1, … …) is formed.

Description

Respiratory protective masks and filter housings for respiratory protective masks

The invention relates to a filter receptacle capable of accommodating at least one filter unit. The filter accommodating portion and the accommodated filter unit belong to a respiratory protective mask.

With the aid of such a respiratory protective mask, the user can stay and work in an environment where the ambient air is contaminated with droplets and/or particles and/or noxious gases. The or each filter unit of the respirator filters out harmful substances from the ambient air. The user is thus provided with cleaned ambient air. Optionally, users bring their own source of breathing air, such as oxygen cylinders. The respirator can be used, for example, in painting lines or in mining or construction sites or for rescue in the event of a fire.

The filter housing 7 of document DE 93001811 U1 has, on the input side, a front plate 22 with air inlet openings 23 . A plurality of impact plates 24 are arranged behind the front plate 22 , wherein each impact plate 24 is respectively arranged behind an air inlet opening 23 . Fluid entering through the air inlet opening 23 is deflected by the impingement plate 24 .

The sealed filter housing a of document DE 734496 accommodates the filter d and possesses an access opening in the form of an access nipple b. Viewed in the entry direction, behind the entry socket b, a plurality of collision lamellae c are arranged one after the other, wherein each collision lamella c consists in each case of a fan-shaped blade. The greater the distance from the flow axis (Strömungsachse), the greater the free cross section. The crash lamellae c are arranged staggered one after the other. As a result, the through-flowing air is deflected several times and the particles are thrown onto the collision flakes c.

FIG. 6 of document WO 2017/004313 A1 shows a respirator 300 with two filter cartridge housings 60 , each of which accommodates a filter cartridge 1 . Each filter housing 60 has a front side (front side 61 ) and a rear side (rear side 62 ), respectively. The second housing portion 65 on the rear side 62 has an area 63 with a number of air passages and can be opened and closed with respect to the remainder of the filter housing (first housing portion 64). A portion 56 of the remainder 64 has an area 52 with openings and presses the filter cartridge 1 into a receiving structure 66, see FIGS. 9 and 11 . The openings in said regions 63 and 52 can be coordinated with each other, but this is not required.

The invention is based on the task of providing a filter receptacle for accommodating a filter element for a respirator mask, which filter receptacle protects the accommodated filter element from contamination and is more efficient than including a contamination-proof filter element. The known filter receptacles of the protective device are constructed more simply.

The invention is realized by a filter receptacle with the features of claim 1 . Advantageous solutions are specified in the dependent claims. The reference relationships used here indicate a further configuration of the subject-matter of the independent claims by means of the features of the respective dependent claims and should not be understood as a waiver of the acquisition of an independent specific combination of features of the recited dependent claims Protect. Furthermore, with regard to the interpretation of the claims, when features are further specified in the dependent claims, it should be taken as a starting point that no such limitation is present in the respective preceding claims. The filter receptacle according to the invention can accommodate at least one filter element, wherein the filter receptacle and this filter element belong to a respiratory protection mask.

The input side of the filter receptacle is directed towards the inflowing fluid. On this input side, the filter receptacle comprises at least two flat impact elements. The two or at least two impact elements are arranged parallel to each other and at a distance from each other. Viewed in the inflow direction of the incoming fluid, the two crash elements are arranged one behind the other, so that a front crash element and a rear crash element are formed. The or each accommodated filter element is arranged behind the rear crash element and thus behind both crash elements.

Each crash element respectively comprises a plurality of longitudinal slats. At least one opening is formed between every two adjacent longitudinal slats of the crash element. This opening is permeable to the inflowing fluid. It is possible to form a plurality of permeable openings between two adjacent longitudinal slats.

Viewed in the inflow direction of the fluid into the filter receptacle, each opening in the front crash element is laterally offset relative to each opening in the or at least one rear crash element layout. "Laterally offset" means that, along the inflow direction, the longitudinal strips follow the openings and/or the openings follow the longitudinal strips. As a result, at least one fluid channel for the inflowing fluid is formed. This fluid channel leads through openings in the front crash element and through laterally offset openings in the rear crash element.

Due to the openings in the two impact elements, ambient air can reach the accommodated filter element from the inlet side. The filter element is capable of purifying the ambient air. The user can provide himself with purified breathing air on the basis of his own effort to breathe. Thanks to a respirator with the filter unit, the user does not need to carry a breathing air supply.

However, not only the gaseous ambient air but also solid and fluid particles, such as spray jets, from the input side into the interior of the filter receptacle reach through the openings leading into the impact element. Water splash, paint spray, dust particles or other coarse particles. When these solid and fluid particles reach the accommodated filter element, they then contribute to contamination of the filter element. This reduces the capacity of the filter element for filtration. In addition, the breathing resistance that the wearer of the respirator has to overcome is increased.

A possible solution to avoid this undesired effect is to protect the accommodated filter element by an externally accessible pre-filter. This pre-filter filters solid and fluid particles from the incoming ambient air. Due to the prefilter, the or each actual filter element arranged behind the prefilter, viewed in the inflow direction, can be used longer.

The disadvantage of such a prefilter is that the filter receptacle must then additionally have a receptacle for the prefilter. Furthermore, the pre-filter has to be replaced relatively frequently, which reduces availability due to the interruptions during working hours necessary for this. Users must carry multiple pre-filters with them.

The invention achieves the advantage of at least partially protecting the contained filter element from solid and fluid particles without the need for a separate pre-filter. Instead, at least two impact elements with laterally offset openings themselves serve as prefilters. The availability of a respirator with a filter housing according to the invention is increased because the pre-filter does not have to be replaced. However, the present invention can also be used in combination with a separate pre-filter.

A pre-filter increases the breathing resistance and increases the weight of the filter receptacle, especially when the pre-filter absorbs or otherwise receives particles. The present invention also avoids this disadvantage. A further advantage of the filter receptacle according to the invention without a prefilter compared to a filter receptacle with a prefilter is that the filter receptacle without a prefilter can be produced more easily department. Because when manufacturing the filter receptacle according to the invention, it is not necessary to install the receptacle for the prefilter.

Solid or fluid particles that flow into the interior of the filter receptacle according to the invention starting from the inlet side with the ambient air cannot impinge on the accommodated filter element along a straight path; The openings and the or a curved inflow channel deflect the particles laterally. As a result, in many cases the particles either adhere or stick to the longitudinal strips or other components of the filter holder, or are reflected outwards by the filter holder again. In other cases, the particles are at least deflected and impinge on the filter element with reduced kinetic energy. The filter receptacle itself serves as a first separation stage for fluid and solid particles.

The present invention provides a number of degrees of freedom in order to adapt the filter receptacle to given requirements. For example, the width of the longitudinal slats, the width of the openings, the lateral offset between the front opening and the rear opening and the distance between the front and rear crash elements can be varied in such a way that on the one hand The breathing resistance is kept as low as possible, while on the other hand as few particles as possible impinge on the accommodated filter element. The distance between the front crash element and the rear crash element is preferably between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm. The distance between the two longitudinal slats and therefore the width of the opening between the two longitudinal slats is preferably between 2 mm and 3 mm.

Each opening of the rear crash element is preferably arranged behind the longitudinal slats of the front crash element. Due to the lateral offset, and in particular due to this preferred embodiment, no straight fluid passage from the outside to the accommodated filter element is formed. Rather, each fluid channel is bent at least once, so that the incoming ambient air is deflected and preferably swirled. This technical solution further reduces the risk of inflowing particles reaching the contained filter element.

According to the invention, each crash element respectively comprises a plurality of longitudinal slats. In one solution, at least one crash element includes a plurality of transverse slats. The transverse slats lie vertically or obliquely on the longitudinal slats of the crash element. The longitudinal and transverse slats of this crash element preferably lie in one plane or one surface, thus forming a lattice structure. According to this solution, the transverse slats of this crash element are each mechanically connected to the longitudinal slats of the other or said further crash element. This technical solution results in a particularly high mechanical stability of the filter receptacle. The risk of damage or even rupture of external impact elements due to mechanical loads acting from the outside is reduced.

In addition to the at least two impact elements, the filter receptacle preferably also comprises a surrounding wall. This surrounding wall surrounds a part with the two impact elements and the accommodated filter element, more precisely preferably completely surrounds it. The surrounding wall is fixedly connected to at least one crash element, preferably to two crash elements. The surrounding wall and the two impact elements together at least partially enclose a space in which a filter element is accommodated or can be accommodated.

In a further development of this solution, the surrounding wall and the part with the two impact elements are formed in one piece, which further increases the mechanical stability. Preferably, these components are even formed in one piece, ie they are produced in a single process step during production. The process steps include, for example, injection molding (Spritzgießen) or wrap-around casting (Umgießen). This technical solution leads to fast and inexpensive manufacture.

Different geometries of the longitudinal webs and thus of the openings are possible, wherein the filter receptacle according to the invention can also have a combination of multiple geometries. By selecting the desired geometry, the filter receptacle can be adapted to the expected conditions of use.

In one embodiment, the filter receptacle according to the invention belongs to the filter housing. Furthermore, the filter housing comprises a counter element which is fixedly connected to the filter receptacle according to the invention. The filter receptacle and the counter element together enclose a space in a fluid-tight manner. At least one filter element is or can be accommodated in this space. Preferably, the filter element is fixedly connected to the filter receptacle, for example by means of mounting foam or other adhesive connections or by adhesive welding.

A filter unit includes a filter housing with a filter receptacle according to the invention and at least one filter element, which is arranged in the interior of the filter housing. A respiratory protective mask includes a mask body and at least one filter unit with a filter receptacle according to the invention. The mask body can be placed over the wearer's face. The or each filter unit of the respirator is in fluid connection with the interior of the mask body.

The invention is described below by means of examples. To this end, the attached figure shows:

Figure 1 shows a respiratory protective mask with a mask body and two filter units;

Figure 2 shows a filter receptacle according to the invention in a sectional view;

Figure 3 shows a first technical solution of the filter receptacle in a perspective view;

Figure 4 shows a second technical solution of the filter housing along the viewing direction from the inside;

FIG. 5 shows the second technical solution of FIG. 4 in a cross-sectional view;

Figure 6 shows a third technical solution of the filter receptacle in a perspective view;

Figure 7 shows a fourth technical solution of the filter receptacle in a perspective view;

FIG. 8 shows the fourth technical solution of FIG. 7 in a cross-sectional view;

Figure 9 shows a fifth technical solution of the filter receptacle in a perspective view;

FIG. 10 shows a sixth solution of the filter receptacle in a perspective view.

FIG. 1 shows a respirator 10 that is configured as a "full face mask" and includes a mask body 12 that can be positioned on a wearer's face and worn by not shown keep it on the head. A respirator 10 according to the solution can also be configured as a "half mask" or a "quarter mask". With the aid of the respirator 10 , the user can stay in a polluted environment without the need for a separate breathing air supply. The respirator 10 filters out droplets, particles and gases that are harmful to health from incoming ambient air. The user inhales filtered air.

Furthermore, the respirator 10 of FIG. 1 comprises a centrally arranged filter unit 15 and two laterally arranged filter units 13 . Each filter unit 13, 15 comprises a filter receptacle 16 and an opposing element 17, respectively. The filter receptacle 16 and the counter element 17 are firmly and fluid-tightly connected to each other, for example by welded joints, and together form a filter housing which encloses an inner space in which At least one filter element 14 is accommodated. This filter element 14 is shown in FIG. 2 and is designed as a particle filter or a coarse dust filter, for example. The filter element 14 is securely mounted in the interior of the filter receptacle 16 , for example by means of mounting foam or other adhesive connections.

It is possible to arrange two different filter elements 14 one after the other in the filter housings 16 , 17 , eg first the coarse dust filter and then the particle filter. The filter unit 13 can be designed as a particle filter, which protects against particles in solid form as well as in fluid form (droplets) and as a splash guard against particles in the fluid. The filter unit 13 can also be designed as a combined filter, which likewise protects against particles in solid and fluid form and additionally against vapors and gases.

Each laterally arranged filter unit 13 is fastened to the mask body 12 , for example by means of a screw-on closure. This plunger closure is preferably arranged in said opposing element 17 . The centrally arranged filter unit 15 is likewise fastened to the mask body 12 by means of a screw-on closure or, for example, by means of a screw closure. The three filter units 13 , 15 are in fluid connection with the interior of the mask body 12 .

FIGS. 2 to 10 show different solutions according to the invention of the individual filter receptacles 16 . The individual filter receptacles belong to a filter unit 13 , 15 . The following components of the filter receptacle 16 are shown:

- the inflow direction E, along which the fluid flows from the outside into the filter unit 13 with the filter receptacle 16;

- with reference to the output side 20 and the input side 18 of said inflow direction E;

- the accommodated filter element 14;

- front crash element 22;

- rear crash element 24 and

- A surrounding wall 29, on the outside of which a plurality of projections 30 are mounted, which make it easier to turn the filter holder 16.

The names "front" and "rear" impact elements refer to the inflow direction E. The crash elements 22 and 24 are arranged one after the other, viewed in the inflow direction E. FIG. It is also possible that more than two crash elements are arranged one after the other.

The front crash element 22 comprises a number of front longitudinal slats 26.1 which each extend along a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the drawing plane of FIG. 2 and arranged horizontally in FIGS. 4 and 4 . in the plane of the drawing of FIG. 5 . The rear crash element 24 comprises a number of rear longitudinal slats 26.2 which are arranged parallel to the front longitudinal slats 26.1. A slot-shaped opening Ö1 is formed between two adjacent front longitudinal strips 26.1, and a slot-shaped opening Ö2 is formed between two adjacent rear longitudinal strips 26.2. The opening Ö1 of the front crash element 22 is laterally offset relative to the opening Ö2 of the rear crash element 24, which can be easily seen in the sectional view of FIG. 2 . Each front opening Ö1 and at least one adjacent rear opening Ö2 in each case jointly belong to a fluid channel F1, . . . which is curved due to the lateral offset of the front opening Ö1 relative to the rear opening Ö2. Each fluid channel F1 , . . . diverts the air flow entering from said input side 18 at least once. This deflection results in a turbulent flow of the incoming ambient air (turbulente Verwirbelung).

The longitudinal webs 26 . 1 of the front crash element 22 are also laterally offset relative to the longitudinal webs 26 . 2 of the rear crash element 24 . In the viewing direction parallel to the inflow direction E, behind each front opening Ö1 there is in each case a rear longitudinal web 26.2, but no rear opening Ö2. The inflowing fluid (especially ambient air) can contain fluid droplets or larger particles, such as dust particles. The droplets or particles either impinge on the front longitudinal slats 26.1 or can pass through the front opening Ö1 and then strike the rear longitudinal slats 26.2. In any case, the droplets or particles impinge on the longitudinal slats 26.1 or 26.2, or on the area outside the openings Ö1, Ö2. In many cases, the droplets or particles rest adhesively or adhesively on the longitudinal strips 26.1 or 26.2, or are reflected. In any case, the speed of movement of the droplets or particles is reduced so that the droplets or particles do not impinge on the filter unit 13 at all or only at a lower speed.

In one embodiment, the front impact element 22 is fixedly connected to the surrounding wall 29 , see FIG. 2 . The rear crash element 24 is fixedly connected to the front crash element 22 . Alternatively, the two impact elements 22 , 24 are directly connected to the wall 29 . Preferably, the crash elements 22 and 24 and the wall 29 are designed as a single component, that is to say in one piece, particularly preferably even in one piece, that is to say, this one component 22 , 24 , 29 is in one piece. Manufactured, for example, by injection molding in a single process step.

The longitudinal strips 26.1, 26.2 and thus the openings Ö1, Ö2 can have different shapes. According to the first solution shown in Fig. 3, each front longitudinal slat 26.1 has the shape of a bar, and each rear longitudinal slat 26.2 (not shown in Fig. 3) also has the shape of a bar. The filter receptacle 16 of the first solution has a circular shape, and each collision element 22, 24 extends in a plane.

The filter receptacle of the second solution shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has an oval and tapered shape. This solution adapts particularly well to the shape of the wearer's face. FIG. 4 shows a second solution along a viewing direction opposite to the inflow direction E, that is to say this inflow direction E stands perpendicular to the drawing plane of FIG. 4 . FIG. 5 shows the second solution in a sectional view, and the inflow direction E is in the drawing plane of FIG. 5 . As can be seen in FIG. 5 , the two impact elements 22 , 24 are arched towards the outside. The filter unit fits better in the user's hand than a filter unit with a flat front surface. The curved longitudinal webs 26.1, 26.2 are also bar-shaped, but not parallel to each other. Instead, two adjacent longitudinal slats 26.1 or 26.2 enclose an acute angle between them, preferably less than 10°.

According to the second technical solution, in addition to the longitudinal slats 26.2, the rear crash element 24 also comprises a plurality of transverse slats 27.2, which are fixedly connected to the rear longitudinal slats 26.2, thereby forming a grid structure. Mechanical connecting elements 28 connect the transverse web 27 . 2 to the front longitudinal web 26 . 1 and extend parallel to the inflow direction E. FIG. Seen in the viewing direction of FIG. 4 , the front crash element 22 is arranged behind the rear crash element 24 , and the front opening Ö1 and the filter element 14 are delineated with dashed lines. This technical solution results in a particularly high mechanical stability.

In the third solution shown in FIG. 6 , the front crash element 22 comprises a plurality of transverse slats 27 . 1 in addition to the front longitudinal slats 26 . 1 . The front openings Ö1 thus form a matrix structure with rows and columns. The rear crash elements 24 , which are covered by the front crash elements 22 in the illustration in FIG. 6 , can likewise have a matrix structure with rows and columns, or have other structures.

7 and 8 show a fourth solution in which the front longitudinal strips 26.1 and thus the front openings Ö1 also radiate outwards from the center point M radially. Said inflow direction E is perpendicular to the drawing plane of FIG. 7 and lies in the drawing plane of FIG. 8 . The rear impact element 24 can likewise have longitudinal slats radiating radially outwards from a central point, or have another configuration.

In the fifth technical solution of Fig. 9, the front longitudinal slats 26.1 have the shape of a circle or a circular arc. This circle or circular arc is arranged concentrically around said center point M. The rear crash element 24 can likewise have such a circle or a circular arc, or have another configuration. The filter receptacle 16 again has the shape of an ellipse that tapers in one direction.

In the sixth technical solution according to FIG. 10 , the front longitudinal strips 26 . 1 and the front openings Ö1 formed thereby are again rod-shaped. A plurality of longitudinal slats 26.1 are arranged parallel to one another, and further longitudinal slats 26.1 radiate outwards radially from the center point M.

List of reference numbers:

10 Respiratory protective mask, including mask body 12 and two filter units 13

12 The mask body of the respiratory protective mask 10

13 The laterally arranged filter unit of the respirator mask 10, fastened to the mask body 12, includes a filter receptacle 16, an opposing element 17 and a filter element 14

14 Filter element, put into the filter holder 16

15 Centrally arranged filter unit, fastened to mask body 12

16 Filter housing, housing said filter element 15, including crash elements 22 and 24 and wall 29

17 Opposing element, fixedly connected to the filter housing 16

18 The input side of the filter housing 16

20 The output side of the filter housing 16

22 Front crash elements, including several front longitudinal slats 26.1

24 Rear crash element, including several rear longitudinal slats 26.2

26.1 Longitudinal slats of the front crash element 22

26.2 Longitudinal slats of the rear crash element 24

27.1 The transverse slats of the front crash element 24

27.2 The transverse slats of the rear crash element 24

28 Mechanical connecting elements between rear transverse slats 27.2 and front longitudinal slats 26.1

29 The surrounding wall of the filter receptacle 16 is fixedly connected to the two impact elements 22 and 24

30 Protrusions on the exterior of the wall portion 29

E Inflow direction of fluid into the filter unit 13

The fluid passages F1, . . . pass through the two crash elements 22, 24, respectively leading through the outer opening Ö1 and the inner opening Ö2

M The center point of the circular front collision element 22 of the fourth technical solution.

Claims (12)

1. A filter receptacle (16) for receiving at least one filter element (14) for a breathing mask (10),

wherein the filter receptacle (16) comprises at least two flat impact elements (22, 24) on the input side (18) directed toward the inflowing fluid,

wherein the two or at least two crash elements (22, 24)

-parallel to each other,

At a distance from each other, and

-one after the other and in front of the accommodated filter element (14) as seen in the inflow direction (E) of the inflowing fluid

Is arranged to be placed in a manner such that,

wherein each crash element (22, 24) comprises a plurality of longitudinal slats (26.1, 26.2),

wherein at least one opening (Ö 1, Ö 2) that is permeable to the inflowing fluid is formed between each two adjacent longitudinal webs (26.1, 26.2) of a crash element (22, 24),

wherein each opening (Ö 1) in one crash element (22), viewed in the inflow direction (E), is arranged laterally offset relative to each opening (Ö 2) in the other crash element (24), and

at least one fluid channel (F1, … …) is formed, which leads through an opening (Ö 1) in the one crash element (22) and through a laterally offset opening (Ö 2) in the other or the other crash element (24).

2. Filter receptacle (16) according to claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

each opening (Ö 2) of the or a rear impact element (24), viewed in the inflow direction (E), is arranged behind a longitudinal web (26.1) of the front impact element (22).

3. Filter receptacle (16) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the one crash element (24.2) comprises transverse slats (27.2) which are arranged vertically or obliquely on longitudinal slats (26.2) of the crash element (24.2),

wherein the transverse web (27.2) is mechanically connected to at least one longitudinal web (26.1) of the other or of the other crash element (22).

4. Filter receptacle (16) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the filter receptacle (16) comprises a surrounding wall (29),

wherein the surrounding wall (29)

-surrounds the two crash elements (22, 24) and

is fixedly connected with at least one crash element (22, 24) and

wherein the surrounding wall (29) and the two impact elements (22, 24) together at least partially enclose a space for accommodating at least one filter element (14).

5. Filter receptacle (16) according to claim 4,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the surrounding wall (29) and the two crash elements (22, 24) are integrally formed, in particular produced by an injection molding method.

6. Filter receptacle (16) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the opening (Ö 1, Ö 2) of at least one crash element (22, 24) and/or the or at least two longitudinal webs (26.1, 26.2) extend radially outward from the center (M) of the filter receptacle (16).

7. Filter receptacle (16) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the opening (Ö 1, Ö 2) of the at least one crash element (22, 24) and/or the or at least two longitudinal webs (26.1, 26.2) are arranged parallel to one another or each enclose an angle of at most 10 °.

8. Filter receptacle (16) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the opening (Ö 1, Ö 2) of at least one crash element (22, 24) and/or the or at least two longitudinal webs (26.1, 26.2) are arranged concentrically around a point (M) on the crash element (22, 24).

9. Filter receptacle (16) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the openings (Ö 1, Ö 2) of at least one crash element (22, 24) and/or the or at least four longitudinal slats (26.1, 26.2) are arranged in rows and columns in a matrix-like manner.

10. A filter housing comprising

-a filter housing (16) according to any one of the preceding claims, and

-a counter element (17) connected with the filter housing (16),

wherein the filter receptacle (16) and the counter element (17) together completely enclose a space in a fluid-tight manner for receiving at least one filter element (14).

11. A filter unit (13, 15) comprising

The filter housing of claim 10, and

at least one filter element (14),

wherein the or each filter element (14) is accommodated in a space enclosed by the filter accommodation (16) and the counter element (17).

12. Respiratory protective mask (10) comprising

-a mask body (12) that can be placed on the face of a wearer of the respiratory protection mask (10), and

-at least one filter unit (13, 15) according to claim 11,

wherein the or each filter unit (13, 15) is in fluid connection with the mask body (12).

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