Background
The concrete is the most widely applied engineering material, and the cracks serving as mechanical discontinuities can obviously change the stress field in the member, destroy the integrity of the engineering structure, seriously reduce the bearing capacity of the structure and accelerate the aging of the structure; for reinforced concrete structures, cracks can also lead to corrosion of the steel reinforcement and aggravate the development of cracks. Cracks are the primary concern in concrete engineering construction, and crack prevention is the basic requirement of concrete engineering. The method can accurately and timely monitor the occurrence and development process of the cracks, and has important significance for guaranteeing engineering safety and preventing accidents.
In the prior art, CN201911006960.8 discloses a temperature tracing system and a monitoring method for monitoring a crack of a concrete structure, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1, the system is composed of a heating and temperature measuring integrated system, a monitoring tube 1 and a second sleeve 2, the heating and temperature measuring integrated system is composed of a heating and temperature measuring integrated circuit 3, a demodulator 4 and a voltage-stabilized power supply 5; the inner diameter of the monitoring pipe 1 is slightly larger than that of the heating and temperature measuring integrated circuit 3, and the second sleeve 2 is made of porous water-absorbing materials.
The crack monitoring by adopting the monitoring system is to firstly obtain a reference value of a structure in a non-cracking state, before monitoring in an engineering operation period, a method is needed to ensure that a detected part is fully soaked by water, so that the water content of the second sleeve 2 is changed, the density, specific heat and heat conduction coefficient of the second sleeve 2 are all related to the water content, and the larger the water content is, the larger the three thermodynamic parameters are, the higher the cooling speed of a heat source in the monitoring pipe 1 can be caused, therefore, a cooling speed index can be determined according to a cooling time curve after the temperature of a measuring point in the monitoring pipe 1 is increased, and the cracked part is identified.
When the monitoring system realizes crack monitoring, the crack monitoring is passive monitoring, namely the monitored part is required to be fully soaked, if concrete is not soaked, a temperature reduction speed index is difficult to obtain, and the crack monitoring is inaccurate; in addition, when monitoring, infiltration operation and sufficient infiltration monitoring are needed, so that the operation of monitoring cracks is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the concrete structure crack monitoring device and the monitoring method thereof provided by the invention can realize the crack monitoring without fully soaking the concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
in a first aspect, a concrete structure crack monitoring device is provided, which comprises a water circulation system and a temperature measuring system,
the water circulation system comprises at least one irrigation pipe which is arranged in concrete when in use and a water supply part which is used for supplying water to the irrigation pipe and can collect the water pressure in the irrigation pipe;
each irrigation pipe is externally sleeved with at least one section of first sleeve which is made of brittle materials and has the inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the irrigation pipe;
sealing blocks for plugging a gap between the first sleeve and the irrigation pipe are arranged at two ends of the first sleeve, and a plurality of water through holes are formed in the irrigation pipe in the first sleeve;
the temperature measurement system comprises a demodulator and at least one temperature measurement line arranged in the concrete and connected with the demodulator, and the temperature measurement line is close to the first sleeve.
In a second aspect, there is provided a monitoring method for a concrete structure crack monitoring device, which comprises:
s1, supplying water into the irrigation pipe by using the water supply part until the pressure in the irrigation pipe reaches a preset pressure;
s2, judging whether the pressure in the irrigation pipe is reduced, if so, entering the step S3, otherwise, continuing to execute the step S2;
s3, starting the water supply part to heat the water inside the water supply part, and pumping the hot water into the irrigation pipe to circulate by adopting a water pump arranged in the water supply part;
and S4, starting a temperature measuring system, and monitoring the temperature space-time distribution of each temperature measuring line in real time through the temperature measuring system, wherein the position corresponding to the temperature mutation point on the temperature space-time distribution is the concrete cracking position.
The principle that the monitoring device of this scheme carries out crack monitoring does: after the irrigation pipe is arranged in the concrete, the interior of the irrigation pipe is filled with water, and the pressure is constant; when concrete cracks, the first sleeve made of the brittle material is damaged, so that water in the irrigation pipe flows out of the broken first sleeve through the water holes, and the pressure in the irrigation pipe is changed; the water supply part can collect pressure change in the water filling pipe, heated water is pumped into the water filling pipe and flows out along the broken first sleeve, the temperature spatial and temporal distribution in the concrete can be collected by the started temperature measuring circuit, and a temperature mutation point is found, so that the position of the concrete with cracks is found.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: whether the concrete cracks or not can be accurately determined through the pressure change of the irrigation pipe, and then the position of the concrete cracks is quickly found through the hot water combination temperature measurement circuit at the leakage position, so that the rapid and accurate positioning of the cracks is achieved.
The monitoring device provided by the scheme can realize active monitoring of cracks without passively infiltrating concrete, can reduce operation steps of crack monitoring, and can also ensure accuracy of crack monitoring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
The concrete structure crack monitoring device comprises a water circulation system 6 and a temperature measurement system 7.
2-4, the water circulation system 6 comprises at least one irrigation pipe 61 arranged in the concrete 8 when in use and a water supply part 62 for supplying water to the irrigation pipe 61 and collecting water pressure in the irrigation pipe 61; after the irrigation pipe 61 is disposed on the concrete 8, the irrigation pipe 61 is filled with water through the water supply part 62 so that a constant pressure is provided in the irrigation pipe 61.
At least one section of first sleeve 63 which is made of brittle materials and has the inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the irrigation pipe 61 is sleeved outside each irrigation pipe 61; the first bushing 63 may be a ceramic tube or a glass tube.
In practice, in this embodiment, when there are multiple irrigation pipes 61, the water circulation system 6 further comprises a water separator 64 and a water collector 65, the water output from the water supply part 62 enters the multiple irrigation pipes 61 through the water separator 64, and the return water from the multiple irrigation pipes 61 is sent to the water supply part 62 through the water collector 65.
The water distributor 64 can ensure that water in the water supply part 62 uniformly enters each irrigation pipe 61, and ensure that the pressure in each irrigation pipe 61 is the same when no crack occurs in the concrete 8 in each irrigation pipe 61.
The inner diameter of the first sleeve 63 is larger than the outer diameter of the irrigation pipe 61, a certain gap is ensured between the first sleeve and the irrigation pipe, and the external shape and the size of the first sleeve are determined according to engineering requirements on the principle that the mechanical property of a measured structure is not influenced.
The unique arrangement of the material of the first sleeve 63 can break when the concrete 8 cracks, so that the cracks of the concrete 8 can be actively and quickly detected through the leakage of water in the irrigation pipe 61.
The two ends of the first sleeve 63 are provided with sealing blocks 66 for sealing the gap between the first sleeve 63 and the irrigation pipe 61, and the irrigation pipe 61 in the first sleeve 63 is provided with a plurality of water through holes 611; the sealing block 66 may be a waterproof glue layer formed using waterproof glue.
The sealing block 66 can prevent the water in the irrigation pipe 61 from leaking from the end gap when the concrete 8 is not cracked, so that the water pressure in the irrigation pipe 61 is influenced, and the false judgment of cracks is prevented.
The temperature measuring system 7 comprises a demodulator 4 and at least one temperature measuring line 71 which is arranged in the concrete 8 and connected with the demodulator 4, wherein the temperature measuring line 71 is close to the first sleeve 63. The temperature measuring circuit 71 is a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system based on raman scattering or a fiber bragg grating quasi-distributed sensing system with multiple points connected in series.
In the implementation, the temperature measuring line 71 preferably positioned in the concrete 8 is sleeved in the monitoring pipe 1, and the inner diameter of the monitoring pipe 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the temperature measuring line 71; when the temperature measuring device is used, insulating liquid is filled in a gap between the monitoring tube 1 and the temperature measuring circuit 71.
The monitoring pipe 1 needs to have higher strength and flexibility, can protect the temperature measuring circuit 71, and has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the temperature measuring circuit 71 so as to ensure that the temperature measuring circuit 71 can smoothly penetrate into the monitoring pipe 1, and if the temperature measuring circuit 71 is damaged, the temperature measuring circuit 71 can be conveniently replaced.
After the monitoring pipe 1 is arranged in the concrete 8, the monitoring pipe 1 should be filled with an insulating liquid, such as: the pure water is used for improving the heat transfer performance between the temperature measuring circuit 71 and the surrounding medium, and the monitoring tube 1 can be a heat-resistant polyethylene (PE-RT) tube or a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube.
The water supply part 62 of the scheme is a boiler or a pressurizing pump; when the boiler is adopted, the pressure gauge of the boiler can detect the pressure in the irrigation pipe 61, the boiler can automatically heat water, and hot water is pumped into the irrigation pipe 61 through the pump of the boiler.
The pressurizing pump is also provided with a pressure gauge, so that the pressure can be detected, but when hot water is poured, the hot water can be manually pressed into the pouring pipe 61 by the pressurizing pump.
The monitoring pipe 1, the irrigation pipe 61 and the first sleeve 63 of the scheme need to be pre-embedded in the structure of the concrete 8 to be detected, and are preferably embedded in a tension area; in the reinforced concrete 8 structure, the embedded positions of the monitoring pipe 1, the irrigation pipe 61 and the sleeve need to avoid steel bars (stirrups, longitudinal stress steel bars and the like).
The detection device of the scheme has the following advantages besides the above mentioned effects:
(1) the monitoring technology is distributed or mobile distributed monitoring, the coverage is wide, and a monitoring blind area in the temperature measuring circuit 71 cannot occur due to too wide local cracks or too many cracks;
(2) the temperature measuring circuit 71 is protected by the monitoring tube 1, so that the survival rate of the sensor is improved;
(3) the temperature measuring line 71 can be taken out from the monitoring pipe 1 for repair or replacement, so that the failure of the whole temperature measuring line 71 caused by local breakpoints is avoided, and the long-term monitoring requirement is met;
(4) the crack positioning and identifying method is simple, efficient and convenient to implement.
To this end, a detailed description of the concrete 8 structural crack monitoring device according to the present embodiment is completed, and a monitoring method of the monitoring device will be described next.
The monitoring method of the concrete 8 structure crack monitoring device comprises the following steps:
s1, supplying water into the irrigation pipe 61 by the water supply part 62 until the pressure in the irrigation pipe 61 reaches the preset pressure;
s2, judging whether the pressure in the irrigation pipe 61 is reduced, if yes, entering the step S3, otherwise, continuing to execute the step S2;
when a crack is generated in the area covered by the pipeline system consisting of the irrigation pipe 61 and the first sleeve 63 and the crack depth extends to the first sleeve 63, the first sleeve 63 is cracked, water in the irrigation pipe 61 flows out of the water through hole 611 and leaks outwards along the crack surface, the reading of a built-in pressure gauge of the boiler is reduced, and the crack generation is indicated; therefore, whether cracks are generated in the concrete 8 can be judged through the pressure in the irrigation pipe 61 during monitoring.
S3, starting the water supply part 62 to heat the water inside, and pumping the hot water into the irrigation pipe 61 by adopting a water pump arranged in the water supply part 62 to circulate; when the boiler cannot be started due to too small water pressure, water can be supplemented and pressurized through a water supplementing valve on the boiler;
s4, starting the temperature measuring system 7, wherein hot water in the irrigation pipe 61 flows out from the water through holes 611 and leaks outwards along the crack surface, so that the monitoring pipe 1 at the crack is heated, the temperature spatial-temporal distribution of each temperature measuring line 71 is monitored in real time through the temperature measuring system 7, and the position corresponding to the temperature mutation point on the temperature spatial-temporal distribution is the cracking position of the concrete 8.
The effectiveness of the monitoring device and the monitoring method provided by the scheme is described below with reference to specific examples:
in order to verify the effectiveness of the crack monitoring device provided by the scheme, 1 reinforced concrete 8 test piece is manufactured, and the size of the test piece is 1000mm x 400mm x 280 mm. The test piece is pre-embedded with one monitoring pipe 1, one irrigation pipe 61 and one first sleeve 63, and the distance between the monitoring pipe 1 and the irrigation pipe 61 is 100 mm.
The monitoring pipe 1 is a PTFE pipe with the outer diameter of 10mm and the inner diameter of 6 mm; the irrigation pipe 61 is a PE-RT pipe with the outer diameter of 16mm and the inner diameter of 12 mm; the first sleeve 63 is a ceramic tube with an outer diameter of 25mm, an inner diameter of 19mm and a length of 500 mm.
Three-point bending test is carried out after 28d of shaping maintenance is pour to the test piece, makes mid-span fracture, then adopts the monitoring devices of this scheme to test, wherein: the temperature measurement system 7 adopts a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) temperature sensing system, and the FBG temperature sensor is packaged by a copper pipe with the outer diameter of 4mm and the length of 40 mm.
The temperature profile in the monitoring tube 1 over the first sleeve 63 is shown in fig. 5, from which fig. 5 it can be seen that: the temperature of a measuring point corresponding to the midspan cracking part is obviously higher than that of other parts, and the crack can be identified according to the abnormal phenomenon.