CN112197177A - Pipeline leakage point positioning device based on oxygen measurement method and detection positioning method thereof - Google Patents
Pipeline leakage point positioning device based on oxygen measurement method and detection positioning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline leakage point detection and positioning, and particularly relates to a pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method and a detection and positioning method thereof, wherein the detection and positioning method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a pipeline upstream device A, a pipeline downstream device B and a data acquisition and processing device C; the data acquisition and processing device C comprises: the system comprises a data converter, a data acquisition processing computer and a plurality of transmission cables; the data converter is connected with the data acquisition and processing computer through a transmission cable, the pipeline upstream device A is connected with the data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable, and the pipeline downstream device B is connected with the data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline leakage point detection and positioning, and particularly relates to a pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method and a detection and positioning method thereof.
Background
At present, the electric power industry has fewer methods for positioning leakage detection of long-distance pipelines, and particularly, for pipelines which are inaccessible in buried and high-altitude areas, the detection of leakage points of the pipelines is more difficult, so that the industry urgently needs to design a safe and reliable leakage point positioning device and a leakage point detection method for positioning the positions of the leakage points of the pipelines so as to solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method and a detection positioning method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problem that the position of a leakage point cannot be detected on a long-distance pipeline which is inaccessible in a buried or high-altitude area in the prior art, and can be used for defining the direction of subsequent pipeline defect treatment work and reducing the workload.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method comprises: the system comprises a pipeline upstream device A, a pipeline downstream device B and a data acquisition and processing device C; the data acquisition and processing device C comprises: the system comprises a data converter, a data acquisition processing computer and a plurality of transmission cables; the data converter is connected with the data acquisition and processing computer through a transmission cable, the pipeline upstream device A is connected with the data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable, and the pipeline downstream device B is connected with the data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable.
The pipe upstream device a comprises: the device comprises a nitrogen gas source, a pressure stabilizing tank, a pressure gauge A, a flow regulating valve A, a flow transmitter A, a stop switch A, a reference leak point installation preformed hole, a connecting flange A and a plurality of pressure-bearing hoses; the nitrogen gas source is connected with one end of the pressure stabilizing tank through a pressure-bearing hose, and the other end of the pressure stabilizing tank is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge A, a flow regulating valve A, a flow transmitter A and a stop switch A in series; the cut-off switch A is further connected with the connecting flange A through a pressure-bearing hose, and a reference leakage point mounting reserved hole is formed in the pressure-bearing hose between the cut-off switch A and the connecting flange A.
And a pressure-bearing hose connected with the nitrogen source and the pressure stabilizing tank is also provided with a pressure control valve of the pressure stabilizing tank, and the connecting flange A is also connected with the initial end of the detected pipeline.
The pipe downstream device B comprises: the device comprises a connecting flange B, an oxygen concentration sensor, an oxygen meter, a temperature transmitter, a flow transmitter B, a stop switch B, a flow regulating valve B, a pressure gauge B, a pressure buffer tank, a buffer tank pressure safety valve, a purging exhaust valve, a three-way valve and a vacuum pump;
the vacuum pump is connected with one end of the pressure buffer tank through a pressure-bearing hose, and the vacuum pump and the pressure-bearing hose of the pressure buffer tank are respectively provided with a three-way valve and a buffer tank pressure safety valve; the three-way valve is also connected with a purging exhaust valve;
the other end of the pressure buffer tank is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge B, a flow regulating valve B, a stop switch B, a flow transmitter B, a temperature transmitter, an oxygen meter, an oxygen concentration sensor and a connecting flange B in series through a pressure-bearing hose, and the connecting flange B is also connected with the tail end of the detected pipeline.
The oxygen concentration sensor is also connected with a data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable; the temperature transmitter is also connected with a data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable; and the flow transmitter B is also connected with a data converter of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable.
The flow control device A is used for providing nitrogen with different flows, the nitrogen gas source supplies nitrogen to the pressure stabilizing tank in time through the pressure control valve of the pressure stabilizing tank, the pressure in the pressure stabilizing tank is ensured to be stable, and the pressure stabilizing tank provides a gas source with a stable pressure source to the detected pipeline through the flow control valve A.
And the reference leak hole is arranged on the reference leak point installation preformed hole and used for detecting the accuracy of implementing electric leakage positioning after the pipeline leak point positioning device is installed.
The pressure-bearing hose is a hard pressure-bearing hose, and an instrument pressure-leading pipe joint is arranged on the pressure-bearing hose.
The detection and positioning method of the pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measurement method comprises the following steps:
connecting a flow control device A and a pipeline downstream device B with a detected pipeline through a connecting flange A and a connecting flange B; respectively connecting a power supply to the data converter and the data acquisition processing computer, and connecting a vacuum pump to the power supply;
step two, inner tube initial inspection: opening an air source 1, opening a flow regulating valve A, a stop switch A and a stop switch B, filling a certain amount of compressed nitrogen into the pipeline, closing the stop switch A, observing the pressure reduction condition in the pipeline to be detected after stabilizing for four hours, and measuring the leakage rate of the pipeline to be detected; selecting a proper reference leak hole to be installed at the position of the reference leak point installation reserved hole;
step three, nitrogen replacement of the system: opening a flow regulating valve A, a stop switch B, a flow regulating valve B, fully opening a buffer tank pressure safety valve, closing a purging exhaust valve, starting a vacuum pump 23 to vacuumize, starting a nitrogen gas source after vacuumizing the detected pipeline to vacuum, filling the pipeline with nitrogen, repeatedly vacuumizing for several times, and displaying O by an oxygen meter2After the concentration has dropped sufficiently low, the displacement is completed;
step four, flow stability adjustment: positioning device for pipeline leakage point to complete N2After gas replacement, adjusting the outlet pressure of the pressure control valve of the pressure stabilizing tank to be P1Opening N2The gas source sets the opening pressure of the buffer tank pressure safety valve to be P2 after the pressure of the pipeline leakage point positioning device is stabilized to P1, P2 is ensured to be less than P1, when the pressure in the buffer tank is less than P2, the valve is opened, otherwise, the valve is closed, after the pressure is stabilized, the flow regulating valve B is regulated, and the pressure is adjusted to be equal to the pressure in the buffer tankRegulating the flow in the detected pipeline to a target flow V1Stably running until the flow is stable;
step five, detection: after the gas flow velocity is stable and the oxygen concentration curve is stable, the gas flow is adjusted to V by adjusting the flow adjusting valve A2Recording the adjustment time T1；
If the leak point exists, after a period of time, the data acquisition and processing computer can display that the oxygen concentration curve has obvious mutation, and record the time T at the moment2The last change time of the oxygen concentration curve is T3The number of intermediate mutation times represents the number of leak points, and is determined by the time T (i.e., T) from the time of flow change to the time of occurrence of mutation3-T2) Air temperature T, pipeline sectional area S and flow V in adjusted rear pipe2And calculating the distance between the leakage point and the oxygen concentration sensor by using the correction coefficient K, wherein the calculation formula is as follows (1):
273 is the fixed parameter value, i.e. kelvin temperature corresponding to 0 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a long-distance pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen leakage detection method through a plurality of test bed simulation tests according to the leakage detection experience of pipelines for many years in the industry. In addition, the invention also has the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a detection function capable of positioning the position of the leakage point of the long-distance pipeline based on the correlation principle of the leakage rate of the leakage point and the speed in the pipeline, and can detect whether the leakage exists or not and the number of the leakage points;
(2) the invention provides a positioning function capable of positioning the position of a long-distance pipeline leakage point, and the position of the leakage point can be accurately positioned;
(3) the device can detect the number and the accurate position of the leaking points of the whole pipe section only by being arranged at the two ends of the detected pipeline, the middle pipeline does not need any operation, the leaking point positioning can be carried out on the long-distance pipeline, and the damage change of the original structure of the pipeline is small;
(4) the device can establish a flowing and negative pressure environment in the pipeline to enable air to flow in the leaking point, so that the positioning is carried out according to the oxygen signal, and the device is particularly suitable for positioning the leaking point of the inaccessible single-wall pipeline such as buried pipeline, high altitude and the like;
(5) the leak source positioning device works by using nitrogen and air as media, is safe and reliable, and can perform leak detection in flammable and explosive places, high-temperature places and other high-risk places.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method according to the present invention;
wherein: 1. nitrogen gas source, 2 pressure control valve of pressure stabilizing tank, 3 pressure stabilizing tank, 4 pressure gauge A, 5 flow regulating valve A, 6 flow transmitter A, 7 stop switch A, 8 reference leak point installation preformed hole, 9 connecting flange A, 10 detected pipeline, 11 connecting flange B, 12 oxygen monitoring sensor, 13 oxygen gauge, 14 temperature transmitter, 15 flow transmitter B, 16 stop switch B, 17 flow regulating valve B, 18 pressure gauge B, 19 pressure buffer tank, 20 buffer tank pressure safety valve, 21 purge exhaust valve, 22 three-way valve, 23 vacuum pump, 24 data converter, 25 data acquisition processing computer
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
the device of the invention comprises: the device comprises a pipeline upstream installation device A, a downstream installation device B and a data acquisition and analysis device C. Under the condition that the size of the leakage point and the pressure inside and outside the pipeline are not changed, namely the leakage rate of the leakage point is not changed, the change of the flow in the pipeline can cause the corresponding change of the downstream monitoring oxygen concentration, so the distance between the leakage point and the installation position of the downstream oxygen concentration sensor can be calculated according to the time from the flow change moment to the downstream oxygen concentration change moment and the flow in the pipeline, the positioning of the leakage point is finished, and meanwhile, the number of the leakage points can be determined according to the change times of the concentration signal.
The invention designs a pipeline leakage point positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a pipeline upstream device A, a pipeline downstream device B and a data acquisition and processing device C; the data acquisition and processing device C comprises: a data converter 24, a data acquisition processing computer 25 and a plurality of transmission cables; the data converter 24 is connected with the data acquisition and processing computer 25 through a transmission cable, the pipeline upstream device A is connected with the data converter 24 of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable, and the pipeline downstream device B is connected with the data converter 24 of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable.
The pipe upstream device a comprises: the device comprises a nitrogen gas source 1, a pressure stabilizing tank 3, a pressure gauge A4, a flow regulating valve A5, a flow transmitter A6, a stop switch A7, a reference leakage point mounting preformed hole 8, a connecting flange A9 and a plurality of pressure-bearing hoses; the nitrogen gas source 1 is connected with one end of the pressure stabilizing tank 3 through a pressure-bearing hose, and the other end of the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge A4, a flow regulating valve A5, a flow transmitter A6 and a stop switch A7 in series; the cut-off switch A7 is further connected with a connecting flange A9 through a pressure-bearing hose, and a reference leakage point mounting preformed hole 8 is formed in the pressure-bearing hose between the cut-off switch A7 and the connecting flange A9.
And a pressure-bearing hose connecting the nitrogen gas source 1 and the surge tank 3 is also provided with a surge tank pressure control valve 2, and the connecting flange A9 is also connected with the initial end of the detected pipeline 10.
The pipe downstream device B comprises: the device comprises a connecting flange B11, an oxygen concentration sensor 12, an oxygen meter 13, a temperature transmitter 14, a flow transmitter B15, a stop switch B16, a flow regulating valve B17, a pressure gauge B18, a pressure buffer tank 19, a buffer tank pressure safety valve 20, a purging exhaust valve 21, a three-way valve 22 and a vacuum pump 23;
the vacuum pump 23 is connected with one end of the pressure buffer tank 19 through a pressure-bearing hose, and the vacuum pump 23 and the pressure-bearing hose of the pressure buffer tank 19 are respectively provided with a three-way valve 22 and a buffer tank pressure safety valve 20; the three-way valve 22 is also connected with a purging exhaust valve 21;
the other end of the pressure buffer tank 19 is sequentially connected in series with a pressure gauge B18, a flow regulating valve B17, a stop switch B16, a flow transmitter B15, a temperature transmitter 14, an oxygen meter 13, an oxygen concentration sensor 12 and a connecting flange B11 through a pressure-bearing hose, and the connecting flange B11 is further connected with the tail end of the detected pipeline 10.
The oxygen concentration sensor 12 is also connected with a data converter 24 of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable; the temperature transmitter 14 is also connected with a data converter 24 of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable; the flow transmitter B15 is also connected to the data converter 24 of the data acquisition and processing device C via a transmission cable.
The flow control device A is used for providing nitrogen with different flow rates, the nitrogen gas source 1 supplies nitrogen to the pressure stabilizing tank 3 in time through the pressure control valve 2 of the pressure stabilizing tank, the pressure in the pressure stabilizing tank 3 is stable, and the pressure stabilizing tank 3 provides a gas source with a stable pressure source to the detected pipeline 10 through the flow control valve A5.
And the reference leak hole is arranged on the reference leak point installation preformed hole 8 and used for detecting the accuracy of the electric leakage positioning implemented after the pipeline leak point positioning device is installed.
The pressure-bearing hose is a hard pressure-bearing hose, and an instrument pressure-leading pipe joint is arranged on the pressure-bearing hose.
The downstream installation device B is used for collecting media in the detected pipeline 10 and measuring the oxygen content of the flow at the tail end of the detected pipeline 10, so that the whole pipeline leakage point positioning device provides a micro negative pressure environment
Wherein, the oxygen concentration sensor 12 measures the oxygen concentration at the tail end of the detected pipeline 10 and transmits the oxygen concentration to the data acquisition and processing device C;
the temperature transmitter 14 is used for collecting temperature signals in the detected pipeline 10 so as to correct the positioning result;
the pressure buffer tank 19 is used for establishing a stable negative pressure space which is smaller than the pressure stabilizing tank 3; the vacuum pump 23 is used for replacing the pipeline 10 to be tested with nitrogen after vacuumizing, and ensuring that the system pressure is stably maintained in a negative pressure state in the test process.
Data signals of the flow transmitter A6, the oxygen concentration sensor 12, the temperature transmitter 14 and the flow transmitter B15 are transmitted to the data converter 24 and then transmitted to the data acquisition and processing computer 25 for processing and analysis, and the data acquisition and processing computer 25 is used for counting and displaying data information such as flow, temperature, oxygen concentration, time and the like.
And the data acquisition and processing device C is used for monitoring the dynamic change of the oxygen concentration along with time and carrying out analysis and calculation through data acquired from the plate A and the plate B.
The converter (24) is used for detecting the concentration change of oxygen in the inner pipe, and the transmission cable is used for summarizing sensor data of the upstream installation device A and the downstream installation device B; the acquisition computer is used for analyzing and monitoring all data in real time, and the accurate position of the leakage point is calculated according to the flow, time and temperature information, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
the detection and positioning method of the pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measurement method comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a flow control device A and a pipeline downstream device B with a detected pipeline 10 through a connecting flange A9 and a connecting flange B11; the data converter 23 and the data acquisition processing computer 24 are respectively connected with a power supply, and the vacuum pump 23 is connected with the power supply;
step two, inner tube initial inspection: opening an air source 1, opening a flow regulating valve A5 and a cut-off switch A7, cutting off a switch B16, filling a certain amount of compressed nitrogen into the pipeline (the pressure is more than 0.1MPa), closing the cut-off switch A7, observing the pressure reduction condition in the detected pipeline 10 after stabilizing for four hours, and measuring the leakage rate of the detected pipeline 10; selecting a proper reference leak hole to be installed at the position of the reference leak point installation preformed hole 8;
step three, nitrogen replacement of the system: opening a flow regulating valve A5, a stop switch A7, a stop switch B16 and a flow regulating valve B17, fully opening the buffer tank pressure safety valve 20, closing the purge exhaust valve 21, starting the vacuum pump 23 to vacuumize, starting a nitrogen gas source after vacuumizing the detected pipeline 10 to make the pipeline filled with nitrogen gas, repeatedly vacuumizing for several times, and displaying O on an oxygen meter 132After the concentration has dropped sufficiently low, the displacement is completed;
step four, flow stability adjustment: pipeline leakage point positioning devicePut and finish N2After gas replacement, adjusting the outlet pressure of the pressure control valve 2 of the surge tank to be P1(P1Less than 0.1MPa), opening N2And (3) setting the opening pressure of the buffer tank pressure safety valve 20 to be P2 by the air source after the pressure of the pipeline leakage point positioning device is stabilized to P1, ensuring that P2 is less than P1, opening the valve when the pressure in the buffer tank is less than P2, otherwise closing the valve, adjusting a flow regulating valve B17 after the pressure is stabilized, and regulating the flow in the detected pipeline 10 to a target flow V1Stably running until the flow is stable;
step five, detection: the gas flow in the pipeline is regulated to V by regulating the flow regulating valve A51After the gas flow velocity is stable and the oxygen concentration curve is stable, the gas flow is adjusted to V by adjusting the flow adjusting valve A52Recording the adjustment time T1；
If there is a leak, after a period of time, the data acquisition and processing computer 26 will display that the oxygen concentration curve has a significant sudden change, at which time the time T is recorded2The last change time of the oxygen concentration curve is T3The number of the middle mutation times represents the number of leakage points, and the flow V in the pipe after adjustment is determined according to the time T from the flow change time to the mutation time, the air temperature T, the sectional area S of the pipe2And calculating the distance between the leakage point and the oxygen concentration sensor by using the correction coefficient K, wherein the calculation formula is as follows (1):
wherein 273 is a fixed parameter value, namely the Kelvin temperature corresponding to 0 ℃; the time T from the moment of flow change to the moment of abrupt change is T3-T2。
Test verification
The device develops a pipeline simulation leak point positioning test in a laboratory, and the test result shows that the position of the leak point can be detected by using the device.
Evaluation of effects
The device can safely, accurately and flexibly detect the position of the upper distance pipeline leakage point, uses nitrogen and air as detection media, has a relatively simple structure, and has the characteristics of high safety, good accuracy and relatively simple and convenient implementation. When the device uses, the pipeline need not operations such as heating and circular telegram to be examined, can use in inflammable and explosive place environment completely, and in addition, the device only need install at pipeline exit both ends, not only checks for leaks to ordinary pipeline, also can use in the long distance pipeline leak hunting work in fields such as high altitude pipeline, oil gas transportation, has great engineering using value.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pipeline leak source positioning device based on an oxygen measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a pipeline upstream device A, a pipeline downstream device B and a data acquisition and processing device C; the data acquisition and processing device C comprises: the system comprises a data converter (24), a data acquisition and processing computer (25) and a plurality of transmission cables; the data converter (24) is connected with the data acquisition processing computer (25) through a transmission cable, the pipeline upstream device A is connected with the data converter (24) of the data acquisition processing device C through the transmission cable, and the pipeline downstream device B is connected with the data converter (24) of the data acquisition processing device C through the transmission cable.
2. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measuring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pipe upstream device a comprises: the device comprises a nitrogen gas source (1), a pressure stabilizing tank (3), a pressure gauge A (4), a flow regulating valve A (5), a flow transmitter A (6), a stop switch A (7), a reference leakage point mounting preformed hole (8), a connecting flange A (9) and a plurality of pressure-bearing hoses; the nitrogen source (1) is connected with one end of the pressure stabilizing tank (3) through a pressure-bearing hose, and the other end of the pressure stabilizing tank (3) is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge A (4), a flow regulating valve A (5), a flow transmitter A (6) and a stop switch A (7) in series; the cut-off switch A (7) is further connected with a connecting flange A (9) through a pressure-bearing hose, and a reference leakage point mounting preformed hole (8) is formed in the pressure-bearing hose between the cut-off switch A (7) and the connecting flange A (9).
3. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measuring method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pressure-bearing hose connected with the pressure-stabilizing tank (3) through the nitrogen gas source (1) is further provided with a pressure-stabilizing tank pressure control valve (2), and the connecting flange A (9) is further connected with the initial end of the detected pipeline (10).
4. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measuring method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the pipe downstream device B comprises: the device comprises a connecting flange B (11), an oxygen concentration sensor (12), an oxygen meter (13), a temperature transmitter (14), a flow transmitter B (15), a stop switch B (16), a flow regulating valve B (17), a pressure gauge B (18), a pressure buffer tank (19), a buffer tank pressure safety valve (20), a purging exhaust valve (21), a three-way valve (22) and a vacuum pump (23);
the vacuum pump (23) is connected with one end of the pressure buffer tank (19) through a pressure-bearing hose, and the vacuum pump (23) and the pressure-bearing hose of the pressure buffer tank (19) are respectively provided with a three-way valve (22) and a buffer tank pressure safety valve (20); the three-way valve (22) is also connected with a purging exhaust valve (21);
the other end of the pressure buffer tank (19) is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge B (18), a flow regulating valve B (17), a stop switch B (16), a flow transmitter B (15), a temperature transmitter (14), an oxygen meter (13), an oxygen concentration sensor (12) and a connecting flange B (11) in series through a pressure-bearing hose, and the connecting flange B (11) is further connected with the tail end of the detected pipeline (10).
5. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measurement method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the oxygen concentration sensor (12) is connected with a data converter (24) of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable; the temperature transmitter (14) is connected with a data converter (24) of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable; the flow transmitter B (15) is connected with a data converter (24) of the data acquisition and processing device C through a transmission cable.
6. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measurement method as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the flow control device A is used for providing nitrogen with different flow rates, the nitrogen gas source (1) timely supplements nitrogen into the pressure stabilizing tank (3) through the pressure control valve (2) of the pressure stabilizing tank and ensures the pressure in the pressure stabilizing tank (3) to be stable, and the pressure stabilizing tank (3) provides a gas source with a stable pressure source into the detected pipeline (10) through the flow control valve A (5).
7. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measurement method as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and the reference leak hole is arranged on the reference leak point installation preformed hole (8) and used for detecting the accuracy of implementing electric leakage positioning after the pipeline leak point positioning device is installed.
8. The pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measuring method as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the pressure-bearing hose is a hard pressure-bearing hose, and an instrument pressure-leading pipe joint is arranged on the pressure-bearing hose.
9. The method for detecting and positioning the pipeline leakage point positioning device based on the oxygen measuring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
connecting a flow control device A and a pipeline downstream device B with a detected pipeline (10) through a connecting flange A (9) and a connecting flange B (11); the data converter (23) and the data acquisition processing computer (24) are respectively connected with a power supply, and the vacuum pump (23) is connected with the power supply;
step two, inner tube initial inspection: opening an air source (1), opening a flow regulating valve A (5) and a stop switch A (7), stopping a switch B (16), filling a certain amount of compressed nitrogen into the pipeline, closing the stop switch A (7), observing the pressure reduction condition in the pipeline (10) to be detected after stabilizing for four hours, and measuring the leakage rate of the pipeline (10) to be detected; selecting a proper reference leak hole to be arranged at the position of a reference leak point installation preformed hole (8);
step three, nitrogen replacement of the system: opening a flow regulating valve A (5), a stop switch A (7), a stop switch B (16) and a flow regulating valve B (17), fully opening a buffer tank pressure safety valve (20), closing a purging exhaust valve (21), starting a vacuum pump (23) to start vacuumizing, vacuumizing the detected pipeline (10), starting a nitrogen gas source to fill nitrogen gas in the pipeline, repeatedly vacuumizing for several times, and displaying O by an oxygen meter (13)2After the concentration has dropped sufficiently low, the displacement is completed;
step four, flow stability adjustment: positioning device for pipeline leakage point to complete N2After gas replacement, the outlet pressure of the pressure stabilizing tank pressure control valve (2) is adjusted to be P1Opening N2After the pressure of the pipeline leakage point positioning device is stabilized to P1, the opening pressure of a buffer tank pressure safety valve (20) is set to P2, P2 is ensured to be less than P1, when the pressure in the buffer tank is less than P2, the valve is opened, otherwise, the valve is closed, after the pressure is stabilized, a flow regulating valve B (17) is regulated, and the flow in the pipeline (10) to be detected is regulated to a target flow V1Stably running until the flow is stable;
step five, detection: after the gas flow velocity is stable and the oxygen concentration curve is stable, the gas flow is adjusted to V by adjusting the flow adjusting valve A (5)2Recording the adjustment time T1；
If there is a leak point, after a period of time, the data acquisition and processing computer (26) will display that the oxygen concentration curve has a significant sudden change, at which time the time T is recorded2The last change time of the oxygen concentration curve is T3The number of the middle mutation times represents the number of leakage points, and the flow V in the pipe after adjustment is determined according to the time T from the flow change time to the mutation time, the air temperature T, the sectional area S of the pipe2And calculating the distance between the leakage point and the oxygen concentration sensor by using the correction coefficient K, wherein the calculation formula is as follows (1):
wherein 273 is a fixed parameter value, i.e., 0 ℃ corresponds toThe Kelvin temperature of (c); the time T from the moment of flow change to the moment of abrupt change is T3-T2。
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