CN112196674B - An aviation air turbine starter transmission system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an aviation air turbine starter transmission system, which comprises a turbine rotor, a planetary gear assembly, a mounting rack and a central adapter sleeve, the turbine rotor is in transmission fit with the input end of the planetary gear assembly, the output end of the planetary gear assembly is in transmission fit with the tail end of the central adapter sleeve, the overrunning clutch is arranged in the central adapter sleeve, the inner shaft of the clutch is in transmission fit with the inner ring of the overrunning clutch, an oil passing hole for conveying lubricating oil to the overrunning clutch is formed in the side wall of the inner shaft of the clutch, the tail end of the split output shaft assembly is in transmission fit with the front end of the central adapter sleeve, the lubricating oil pump comprises a shell, an impeller and an oil pumping shaft, the shell is fixedly connected with an installation frame, the impeller is fixedly connected with the tail end of the oil pumping shaft, the front end of the oil pumping shaft penetrates through the shell and is in rotation fit with the shell, and the front end of the oil pumping shaft extends into the tail end of the inner shaft of the clutch and is in transmission fit with the inner shaft of the clutch.

Description

An aviation air turbine starter transmission system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of air turbine starter transmission systems, in particular to an aviation air turbine starter transmission system.

Background technique

The air turbine starter is part of the aviation auxiliary power system. Its working principle is to impinge the turbine of the air turbine starter through high-pressure airflow, drive the turbine to rotate, output shaft power to the transmission chain of the engine starting system, and drive the engine to start. When the rotating engine reaches a certain speed, the air turbine starter stops working and disengages from the transmission chain of the engine starting system. With the development of the engine, the air turbine starter is playing an increasingly important role as an important component of the aero-engine starting system. It has developed in the direction of high flexibility, strong environmental adaptability, high power ductility, and high output torque. Miniaturization and light weight have gradually attracted great attention. Miniaturization and light weight have put forward higher requirements for the lubrication and heat dissipation of the starter drive system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an aviation air turbine starter transmission system with simple structure, easy lubrication and heat dissipation.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the transmission system of the aviation air turbine starter provided by the present invention includes a turbine rotor, a planetary gear assembly, a mounting frame, a center adapter sleeve, an overrunning clutch, an inner clutch shaft, and a split output shaft assembly. The rotor is in driving cooperation with the input end of the planetary gear assembly, the output end of the planetary gear assembly is in driving cooperation with the rear end of the center adapter sleeve, the overrunning clutch is placed in the center adapter sleeve, and the inner shaft of the clutch is connected to the center adapter sleeve. The inner ring of the overrunning clutch is matched for transmission, the side wall of the inner shaft of the clutch is provided with an oil passage hole for delivering lubricating oil to the overrunning clutch, and the rear end of the split output shaft assembly is connected to the central connecting sleeve. The front-end transmission is matched. The lubricating oil pump includes a casing, an impeller and an oil pump shaft. The casing is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The impeller is fixedly connected to the rear end of the oil pump shaft. The front end of the oil pump shaft passes through the casing and rotates with the casing. The front end of the oil pump shaft extends into the rear end of the inner shaft of the clutch and cooperates with the inner shaft of the clutch, so that the inner shaft of the clutch drives the oil pump shaft and the impeller to rotate. The shaft center of the oil pump shaft is provided with an oil passage through it. When in use, the turbine rotor is decelerated by the planetary gear assembly to drive the center adapter sleeve to rotate. The center adapter sleeve drives the overrunning clutch and the inner shaft of the clutch to rotate, and the inner shaft of the clutch drives the splitter. The integral output shaft assembly, the pump shaft and the impeller rotate, and the lubricating oil in the oil inlet channel is introduced into the casing, and then pumped into the inner shaft of the clutch through the oil channel, and sent into the overrunning clutch through the oil hole to lubricate and dissipate the overrunning clutch.

Further, the planetary gear assembly includes a driving gear, three double planetary gears and a ring gear, the driving gear is in driving cooperation with the turbine rotor, and the double planetary gear includes a first gear meshing with the driving gear and a ring gear. For the meshed second gear, the shaft center of each double planetary gear is rotatably matched with the mounting frame through the gear shaft, so that the turbine rotor drives the ring gear to rotate.

Further, the rear end of the inner shaft of the clutch is provided with a partition plate, the front end of the oil pump shaft is arranged in a square shape, and the center of the partition plate is provided with a square hole that matches the oil pump shaft, so that the oil pump shaft and the partition plate are inserted and matched. Afterwards, the inner shaft of the clutch drives the oil pump shaft and the impeller to rotate.

Further, the split-type output shaft assembly includes an output long shaft, an output short shaft and a thin safety shaft, the rear end of the output short shaft is provided with a spline that is inserted and matched with the inner shaft of the clutch, and the end face of the front end of the short shaft is protruded and provided with a plurality of splines. There are a plurality of transmission ladder teeth, the tail end of the output long shaft is provided with a plurality of transmission grooves matching the transmission ladder teeth, the shaft centers of the output long shaft and the output short shaft are provided with shaft holes along the axial direction, and the two ends of the thin safety shaft are respectively It is fixed in the shaft hole of the output long shaft and output short shaft.

Technical effects of the invention: (1) Compared with the prior art, the transmission system of the aviation air turbine starter of the present invention is provided with a planetary gear assembly for deceleration and torque increase, and the split output shaft assembly is connected to the clutch inner shaft through the overrunning clutch, so as to achieve Coaxial output, automatic disengagement of power at a given speed, and two-way overload protection; compared with the traditional reduction gearbox, it improves the entire transmission system on the premise of achieving the most basic speed reduction and torque increase. (2) The normal operation state of the entire transmission system is that the turbine rotor passes through the internal and external splines and the sun gear (drive gear) of the fixed axis quasi-planetary gear system. Connected, three double planetary gears are designed outside the sun gear to mesh with the sun gear to improve the strength and rigidity of the entire structure. The double planetary gear is connected with a ring gear. Generally speaking, the planetary gear only rotates without revolution. , which not only facilitates the design of the transmission ratio, but also helps to significantly reduce the high stress caused by high speed; (3) There is a slanted overrunning clutch between the center adapter sleeve and the inner shaft of the clutch, when the engine speed When the speed of the engine is higher than that of the engine, the inner ring of the sprag clutch is disengaged from the outer ring, and the inner shaft of the clutch continues to rotate with the engine, and the starter turbine rotor and planetary gear assembly are isolated; (4) Split output shaft assembly The thin safety shaft is designed as an overload protection device. Once the overrunning clutch fails and cannot be disengaged in time, the thin safety shaft will be twisted and broken in the bearing and shearing section, thus effectively preventing the damage of the starter and the internal components of the engine; (5) slippage The setting of the oil pump drives the oil pump shaft and the impeller to rotate through the inner shaft of the clutch to realize the function of pumping oil, and by setting the oil passage and oil passage, the lubricating oil is pumped into the overrunning clutch to realize lubrication and heat dissipation.

Description of drawings

The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the description:

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the aviation air turbine starter transmission system of the present invention;

In the figure: turbine casing 1, reduction casing 2, turbine rotor 3, driving gear 4, double planetary gear 5, gear shaft 6, roller bearing 7, ring gear 8, center adapter sleeve 9, first bearing 10, The second bearing 11 , the third bearing 12 , the overrunning clutch 13 , the inner clutch shaft 14 , the split output shaft assembly 15 , the lubricating oil pump 16 , the oil inlet passage 17 , and the mounting frame 18 .

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission system of the aviation air turbine starter of this embodiment includes a turbine casing 1 , a reduction casing 2 , a turbine rotor 3 , a planetary gear assembly, a center adapter sleeve 9 , an overrunning clutch 13 , and an inner clutch shaft 14 . 2. The split output shaft assembly 15, the front end of the turbine casing 1 is provided with a cage-type mounting frame 18, and the mounting frame 18 extends into the reducer casing 2; the front end of the turbine rotor 3 extends into the mounting frame 18, and the turbine rotor 3 A support bearing is provided between the mounting frame 18 to make the turbine rotor 3 rotate and cooperate with the mounting frame 18; the planetary gear assembly includes a driving gear 4, three double planetary gears 5 and a ring gear 8, and the front end of the turbine rotor 3 is provided with a turbine rotor Splines, the shaft center of the driving gear 4 is provided with a driving gear spline groove that matches the splines of the turbine rotor, so that the turbine rotor 3 can drive the driving gear 4 to rotate after the turbine rotor 3 is inserted and matched with the driving gear 4. As the planetary gear assembly Power input source; three double planetary gears 5 are evenly distributed on the same circumference of the edge of the mounting frame 18, the center of each double planetary gear 5 is respectively provided with a gear shaft 6, and the two ends of the gear shaft 6 are fixedly connected with the mounting frame 18, The double planetary gear 5 is rotatably matched with the gear shaft 6 through the roller bearing 7, so that the double planetary gear 5 becomes a fixed-axis planetary gear; each double planetary gear 5 includes a first gear meshing with the driving gear 4, The second gear meshed with the ring 8, the first gear and the second gear are coaxially arranged, and the first gear meshes with the outer wall of the driving gear 4, and the second gear meshes with the inner wall of the ring gear 8, so that the turbine rotor 3 can drive the ring gear 8 to rotate through three double planetary gears 5.

The center adapter sleeve 9 includes an integrally formed connecting plate and a sleeve, the outer side wall of the connecting plate is provided with an adapter sleeve spline, and the inner wall of the front end of the gear ring 8 is provided with a gear ring spline groove that matches the adapter sleeve spline, The connecting plate is inserted and matched with the ring gear 8, so that the ring gear 8 can drive the center adapter sleeve 9 to rotate. The bearing 11 is rotatably matched with the reducer casing 2, so that the center adapter sleeve 9 can be rotatably arranged in the reducer casing 2; the first bearing 10 is a roller bearing without an inner ring, and the second bearing 11 is a roller bearing.

The overrunning clutch 13 is a slanted overrunning clutch. The slanted overrunning clutch includes an outer ring, a plurality of wedge blocks and an inner ring. The outer ring of the slanted overrunning clutch is nested in the sleeve. The clutch inner shaft splines are arranged on the upper part, and the inner ring spline grooves which are matched with the clutch inner shaft splines are arranged on the inner ring. Third bearings 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the clutch 13 , the inner shaft 14 of the clutch is rotatably fitted with the inner wall of the sleeve through the third bearing 13 , and the third bearing 13 is a roller bearing.

The lubricating oil pump 16 includes a casing, an impeller and an oil pump shaft. The casing is fixedly arranged in the center of the mounting frame 18 through pins. The impeller is fixedly connected to the rear end of the oil pump shaft. The front end of the oil pump shaft passes through the casing and is connected to the casing. The impeller is rotatably arranged in the casing, one side of the mounting frame 18 is provided with an oil inlet channel 17 which communicates with the casing, and is used to supply lubricating oil into the casing. The shaft center of the pump oil shaft is arranged axially through the casing The rear end of the clutch inner shaft 14 is provided with a partition plate, the front end of the pump oil shaft is set in a square shape, and the center of the partition plate is set with a square hole that matches the pump oil shaft, so that the pump oil shaft can be inserted into the partition plate. After the engagement, the clutch inner shaft 14 can drive the oil pump shaft and the impeller to rotate. The impeller introduces the lubricating oil into the casing through the oil inlet channel 17 and sends it into the clutch inner shaft 14 through the oil channel. The side wall in the middle of the clutch inner shaft 14 An oil passage hole for delivering lubricating oil to the overrunning clutch 13 is provided on the top, and the lubricating oil enters the overrunning clutch 13 through the oil hole to lubricate and dissipate the overrunning clutch 13 .

The split output shaft assembly 15 includes an output long shaft, an output short shaft and a thin safety shaft. The middle of the clutch inner shaft 14 is provided with a spline groove, and the tail end of the output short shaft is provided with a spline that is inserted and matched with the spline groove in the clutch inner shaft 14. key, so that the tail end of the output short shaft is matched with the middle spline of the clutch inner shaft 14; the end face of the front end of the output short shaft is protruded with a plurality of transmission ladder teeth, and the tail end of the output long shaft is provided with a plurality of transmission ladder teeth. The matching transmission groove, the shaft centers of the output long shaft and the output short shaft are provided with shaft holes along the axial direction, and the two ends of the thin safety shaft are respectively fixed in the shaft holes of the output long shaft and the output short shaft by pins, for Implement overload protection.

The front end of the turbine casing 1 is fixedly connected and sealed with the rear end of the reduction casing 2. The front end of the reduction casing 2 is provided with a graphite seal, and the front end of the output long shaft extends out of the graphite seal.

When in use, the turbine rotor 3 is decelerated by the planetary gear assembly to drive the center adapter sleeve 9 to rotate, the center adapter sleeve 9 drives the overrunning clutch 13 and the clutch inner shaft 14 to rotate, and the clutch inner shaft 14 drives the split output shaft assembly 15 and the pump The oil shaft and the impeller rotate, and the lubricating oil in the oil inlet channel is introduced into the casing and then pumped into the clutch inner shaft 14 through the oil channel, and sent to the overrunning clutch 13 through the oil hole to lubricate the overrunning clutch 13 and dissipate heat; When the engine speed is high, the inner ring of the sprag clutch 13 is disengaged from the outer ring, and the clutch inner shaft 14 continues to rotate with the engine and the split output shaft assembly 15, and the starter turbine rotor 3 and the planetary gear assembly are isolated; once When the overrunning clutch 13 fails and cannot be disengaged in time, the thin safety shaft of the split output shaft assembly 15 will be twisted and broken, and the mating and separating surfaces of the output long shaft and the output short shaft will be quickly separated to avoid secondary damage to the starter. , to achieve overload protection and protect the safety of the starter.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. And these obvious changes or changes derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An aviation air turbine starter transmission system is characterized by comprising a turbine rotor, a planetary gear assembly, an installation frame, a central adapter sleeve, an overrunning clutch, a clutch inner shaft and a split output shaft assembly, wherein the turbine rotor is in transmission fit with an input end of the planetary gear assembly, an output end of the planetary gear assembly is in transmission fit with a tail end of the central adapter sleeve, the overrunning clutch is arranged in the central adapter sleeve, the clutch inner shaft is in transmission fit with an inner ring of the overrunning clutch, an oil passing hole for conveying lubricating oil to the overrunning clutch is formed in the side wall of the clutch inner shaft, a tail end of the split output shaft assembly is in transmission fit with the front end of the central adapter sleeve, a lubricating oil pump comprises a shell, an impeller and a pump oil shaft, the shell is fixedly connected with the installation frame, and the impeller is fixedly connected with the tail end of the pump oil shaft, the front end of the pump oil shaft penetrates through the shell and is in running fit with the shell, the front end of the pump oil shaft extends into the tail end of the inner shaft of the clutch and is in running fit with the inner shaft of the clutch, so that the inner shaft of the clutch drives the pump oil shaft and the impeller to rotate, one side of the mounting frame is provided with an oil inlet channel communicated with the shell, the axis of the pump oil shaft is provided with a through oil passing channel, when the pump oil shaft is used, the turbine rotor is decelerated by the planetary gear assembly and then drives the central adapter sleeve to rotate, the central adapter sleeve drives the overrunning clutch and the inner shaft of the clutch to rotate, the inner shaft of the clutch drives the split type output shaft assembly, the pump oil shaft and the impeller to rotate, lubricating oil in the oil inlet channel is introduced into the shell and then is pumped into the inner shaft of the clutch through the oil channel, and then is sent into the overrunning clutch through the oil hole;

the tail end of the clutch inner shaft is provided with a partition plate, the front end of the pump oil shaft is in a square shape, and the center of the partition plate is provided with a square hole matched with the pump oil shaft, so that the pump oil shaft and the partition plate are in plug-in fit, and then the clutch inner shaft drives the pump oil shaft and the impeller to rotate.

2. The aircraft air turbine starter drive system of claim 1 wherein the planetary gear assembly includes a drive gear in driving engagement with the turbine rotor, three duplicate planet gears including a first gear in meshing engagement with the drive gear and a second gear in meshing engagement with the ring gear, and a ring gear, the axis of each duplicate planet gear being in rotational engagement with the mounting bracket via a gear shaft such that the turbine rotor drives the ring gear to rotate.

3. The aviation air turbine starter transmission system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the split output shaft assembly comprises an output long shaft, an output short shaft and a thin safety shaft, a spline which is in plug fit with the clutch inner shaft is arranged at the tail end of the output short shaft, a plurality of transmission stepped teeth are convexly arranged on the end surface of the front end of the short shaft, a plurality of transmission grooves which are matched with the transmission stepped teeth are arranged at the tail end of the output long shaft, shaft holes are axially arranged at the axes of the output long shaft and the output short shaft, and two ends of the thin safety shaft are respectively and fixedly arranged in the shaft holes of the output long shaft and the output short shaft.

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