CN112190566B - Gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗胃部疾病的气体驱动释放药物纳米马达、制备方法及其应用，涉及纳米药物领域，该纳米马达包括二氧化硅空心纳米瓶，空心纳米瓶外壁为疏水性，内壁为亲水性，空心纳米瓶包括带有空心腔室的瓶体和狭长的瓶颈；瓶体内设置有过氧化钙，催化剂和药物分子，药物分子包括抗生素、靶向药物；该方法为：合成硅纳米瓶SiNBs，按质量份，将1份药物分子，0.5～4份纳米过氧化钙和1～3份催化剂和0.5～2份硅纳米瓶加入溶液中混合均匀并超声20～60min，离心分离，使用纯水清洗沉淀物，得到气体驱动纳米马达。本发明给药难度较低，且药效较好，制备方法较简单。
The invention discloses a gas-driven drug-releasing nanomotor for treating gastric diseases, a preparation method and an application thereof, and relates to the field of nanomedicine. The inner wall is hydrophilic, the hollow nano bottle includes a bottle body with a hollow chamber and a long and narrow neck; the bottle body is provided with calcium peroxide, catalysts and drug molecules, and the drug molecules include antibiotics and targeted drugs; the method is: synthesis Silicon nano-bottle SiNBs, by mass, add 1 part of drug molecule, 0.5-4 parts of nano-calcium peroxide, 1-3 parts of catalyst and 0.5-2 parts of silicon nano-bottle into the solution, mix well, ultrasonicate for 20-60 min, and centrifuge for separation , the precipitate was washed with pure water, and the gas-driven nanomotor was obtained. The present invention has lower administration difficulty, better efficacy and simpler preparation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano-drugs, in particular to a gas-driven drug-release nano-motor for treating stomach diseases, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death, with global cancer statistics in 2018 showing that more than one million new gastric cancer patients are diagnosed each year with a mortality rate of more than 78.3%.
After the stomach is infected by Hp (H.pylori), not only can nitrate be promoted to be converted into nitrite and nitrosamine to cause cancer, but also chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and environmental pathogenic factors can be caused to accelerate the excessive proliferation of epithelial cells of the mucosa, so that the distortion cancer is caused; meanwhile, toxic products of helicobacter pylori CagA and VacA may have a cancer promotion effect, and the risk of helicobacter pylori causing gastric cancer is about 75%, which is determined as the strongest single risk factor of gastric malignancy and epidemiology.
Clinical studies have shown that there is a significant correlation between H.pylori seropositivity and the risk of gastric cancer, approximately 2.1 to 16.7 fold, compared to seronegative patients, and thus, prevention of gastric cancer by eradication of H.pylori is an effective strategy.
The stomach is rich in gastric acid, the main component of the gastric acid is hydrochloric acid, the gastric acid has physiological functions of sterilization, digestion, health promotion and the like, and the pH value of the gastric acid is 1-2, so that most microorganisms are difficult to survive in the gastric acid. However, helicobacter pylori is rich in urease, and can produce ammonia by hydrolyzing urea and form a protective layer of 'ammonia cloud' around the bacterial body to resist the killing effect on gastric acid, and the ammonia produced by helicobacter pylori is also a key factor for destroying gastric mucosal cells.
Due to the strong acid environment of gastric acid, when protein drugs and antibiotic drugs are used for treating helicobacter pylori, the gastric acid can cause physiological obstacles to the delivery and the effectiveness of the drugs, and can also prevent the drugs from entering the stomach when the helicobacter pylori is eradicated.
To facilitate drug delivery to the stomach, a common and effective method in the clinic today is to treat helicobacter pylori infection with triple or quadruple therapy: two antibiotics, Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) or bismuth are used, the treatment period is about 10-14 days, the PPIs can inhibit acid secretion for about 12-24 hours, and further the generation of gastric acid is reduced and the efficacy of the antibiotics is improved, but the long-term use of the PPIs can cause hyperchlorhydria and gastric atrophy, so the PPIs cannot be used for a long time.
With the development of nano biomedicine, researchers have designed various nano-drug delivery systems which can respond to external stimuli to accurately deliver prodrugs in the gastrointestinal tract, nano/micro-motors have strong transport capacity and can convert energy or fuel of the surrounding environment into kinetic energy and are widely applied to the field of biomedicine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the gas-driven drug-release nano motor for treating gastric diseases, the preparation method and the application thereof, and the gas-driven drug-release nano motor has the advantages of low administration difficulty, good drug effect and simple preparation method.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases comprises a silicon dioxide hollow nano bottle, wherein the outer wall of the hollow nano bottle is hydrophobic, the inner wall of the hollow nano bottle is hydrophilic, the hollow nano bottle comprises a bottle body with a hollow cavity and a long and narrow bottleneck, the diameter of the bottle body is 400-450 nm, the diameter of the part, connected with the bottle body, of the bottleneck is 200-350 nm, and the length of the bottleneck is 400-650 nm;
the bottle body is internally provided with calcium peroxide, a catalyst and medicine molecules, wherein the medicine molecules comprise antibiotics and targeted medicines.
Further, the catalyst is a platinum nanoparticle, a silver nanoparticle or a gold nanoparticle.
Further, the drug molecules are clarithromycin, amoxicillin, metronidazole, levofloxacin or tetracycline.
Further, the drug molecule is clarithromycin.
A preparation method of a gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases comprises the following steps:
and (2) synthesizing silicon nano bottles Si NBs, adding 0.5-2 parts of drug molecules, 0.5-4 parts of nano calcium peroxide, 1 part of catalyst and 1 part of silicon nano bottle into the solution by mass, uniformly mixing, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-60 min, performing centrifugal separation, and cleaning precipitates by using pure water to obtain the gas-driven nano motor.
Further, the synthesis of the silicon nano-bottle Si NBs specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving 3.0g of polyethylene PVP in 30.0mL of n-amyl alcohol, adding an ammonia water solution in which 3.0mL of ethanol and 98mg of trisodium citrate are dissolved, mixing, and violently shaking the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed; and adding 300mL of tetrabutyl orthosilicate and 30mL of 3-chloropropyl-trimethoxy silane, shaking for 5 minutes, placing on a rotator, reacting for 5 hours at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the rotating speed of 40rpm, performing centrifugal separation, and washing with ethanol to obtain the nano bottle.
Further, the catalyst is a platinum nanoparticle, a silver nanoparticle or a gold nanoparticle.
Further, the drug molecule is clarithromycin.
Use of a gas-driven drug-releasing nanomotor for the treatment of gastric disease.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating gastric diseases comprises a silicon dioxide hollow nano bottle, wherein the outer wall of the hollow nano bottle is hydrophobic, the inner wall of the hollow nano bottle is hydrophilic, the hollow nano bottle comprises a bottle body with a hollow cavity and a long and narrow bottleneck, calcium peroxide, a catalyst and drug molecules are arranged in the bottle body, the silicon dioxide hollow nano bottle can directly enter the stomach through oral administration without being decomposed, gastric acid in the stomach enters the silicon dioxide hollow nano bottle and then reacts with the calcium peroxide to generate a large amount of oxygen to be discharged through the bottleneck, and part of the drug molecules are carried and wrapped outside the nano bottle in the oxygen discharge processMeanwhile, the hollow silica nano bottle moves, and CaO is generated when the hollow silica nano bottle moves in the stomach2The invention can quickly consume proton, can change local acid environment in time and physics, thereby effectively increasing the pH value in the stomach to be neutral, simultaneously avoiding chronic toxicity caused by PPI (proton pump inhibitor), and the drug molecules and corresponding bacteria in the stomach cavity have action.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transmission electron microscope of a gas-driven drug delivery nanomotor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows Clary/CaO in an embodiment of the present invention2Thermogravimetric analysis of/Pt @ Si NBs;
FIG. 3 is a TEM of a gas-driven Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a nanomotor for drug delivery in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is the motion position of the gas-driven Pt @ Si NBs bottle nanomotor in example 1 at different time points in a 10% H2O2 solution;
FIG. 6 shows the concentration of 10% H in Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor of example 12O2Motion trajectory and instantaneous velocity within 15s in solution;
FIG. 7 shows CaO in example 22A transmission electron microscope of a Pt @ Si NBs nano motor;
FIG. 8 shows CaO in example 22The motion positions of a Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor at different time points in a solution with the pH value of 1.3;
FIG. 9 shows CaO in example 22Motion track and instantaneous speed of a/Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor in a solution with pH of 1.3 within 15 s;
FIG. 10 shows RB/CaO in example 32the/Pt @ Si NBs nano motor isThe fluorescence intensity in PBS solution was neutralized for different times in solution at pH 1.3;
FIG. 11 shows Clary/CaO in the present invention2The Pt @ Si NBs nano motor has an in-vitro antibacterial effect;
FIG. 12 shows RB/CaO in the present invention2the/Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor simulates the drug release in vivo;
FIG. 13 shows Clary/CaO in the present invention2The antibacterial effect of the/Pt @ Si NBs nano motor in vivo is shown.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-driven drug release nano-motor for treating gastric diseases, including a silicon dioxide hollow nano-bottle, wherein an outer wall of the hollow nano-bottle is hydrophobic, an inner wall of the hollow nano-bottle is hydrophilic, the hollow nano-bottle includes a bottle body having a hollow cavity and a long and narrow bottleneck, a diameter of the bottle body is 400 to 450nm, a diameter of a portion where the bottleneck is connected to the bottle body is 200 to 350nm, and a length of the bottleneck is 400 to 650 nm.
The bottle is internally provided with calcium peroxide, a catalyst and drug molecules, wherein the drug molecules comprise antibiotics and targeted drugs, and in the actual synthesis, the drug molecules can be replaced according to the actual needs, such as amoxicillin, nitrofile, levofloxacin, tetracycline and the like.
Referring to fig. 4, the mechanism of the present invention is: the hollow silica nano bottle can directly enter the stomach through oral administration without being decomposed, after gastric acid in the stomach enters the hollow silica nano bottle, a large amount of oxygen is generated under the action of calcium peroxide and is discharged through a bottle neck, part of medicine molecules are carried to the outside of the nano bottle in the oxygen discharge process, meanwhile, the hollow silica nano bottle moves, and CaO is generated when the hollow silica nano bottle advances in the stomach2Rapidly consuming protons, and changing local acidic environment in time and physically, thereby effectively increasing pH in stomach to neutral, while avoiding the use of PThe medicament has the advantages of strong action effect because of the chronic toxicity caused by PI (proton pump inhibitor), action of medicament molecules and corresponding thalli in a stomach cavity, no loss of the medicament molecules before entering the stomach cavity, influence on the normal state of the stomach due to the fact that the acidic environment of the stomach needs to be adjusted to be neutral by using medicaments in advance in the prior art, high administration difficulty and low medicament effect.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases, which comprises the following steps:
s1 synthetic silicon nano bottle Si NBs
Dissolving 3.0g of polyvinyl PVP (pyrrolidone) in 30.0mL of n-amyl alcohol, adding an ammonia water solution in which 3.0mL of ethanol and 98mg of trisodium citrate are dissolved, mixing, and violently shaking the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed; and adding 300mL of tetrabutyl orthosilicate (TBOS) and 30mL of 3-chloropropyl-trimethoxysilane (CPTMS), shaking for 5 minutes, placing on a rotator, reacting for 5 hours at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the rotating speed of 40rpm, centrifugally separating, and washing with ethanol to obtain the nano bottle.
S2, synthesizing a nanomotor drug delivery system (Clary/CaO)2/Pt@Si NBs)
According to the mass parts, 0.5-2 parts of drug molecules (clarithromycin is selected as the drug molecules in the embodiment), 0.5-4 parts of nano calcium peroxide, 1 part of platinum nanoparticles and 1 part of silicon nano bottle are added into the solution to be uniformly mixed, ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20-60 min, centrifugal separation is carried out, and precipitates are cleaned by pure water, so that the nano motor drug-loading system is obtained.
Referring to fig. 2, a thermogravimetric analysis of the nanomotor drug delivery system shows that the clarithromycin loading rate is 10.52% and the calcium peroxide loading rate is 6.53%.
The invention also provides application of the gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to 9 examples
Example 1
Synthesis of NanoTabs Si NBs by step S1
According to the mass parts, 1 part of PtNPs and 1 part of Si NBs are placed in a solution to be mixed and subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 20min to synthesize Pt @ Si NBs.
Place Pt @ Si NBs at 10% H2O2In solution of H2O2After the solution enters the interior of Pt @ Si NBs, Pt NPs can catalyze H2O2The decomposition generates a large amount of oxygen, and the oxygen with high concentration at the local part in the bottle body can be released from the narrow bottle neck, thereby pushing the silicon nano bottle to move.
The positions of Pt @ Si NBs at different time points from 0 to 10s are shown in FIG. 5, and the motion track and instantaneous speed of the Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor within 15s are shown in FIG. 6, so that the Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor can be seen in H2O2The solution is always in motion.
Example 2
Synthesis of NanoTabs Si NBs by step S1
According to the mol portion, 1 portion of CaO2Mixing 1 part of PtNPs and 1 part of Si NBs, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment to synthesize CaO2/Pt@Si NBs。
Two portions of CaO are added2Pt @ Si NBs were placed in PBS and a solution of pH 1.3 (simulated gastric acid environment), respectively, with CaO2the/Pt @ Si NBs was in slow motion in solution at pH 1.3 and was still in PBS solution.
See FIG. 7 for CaO2Transmission electron micrograph of/Pt @ Si NBs, shown in FIG. 8 as CaO2The position of movement of/Pt @ Si NBs at different time points in solution at pH 1.3. FIG. 9 shows CaO2The movement locus and instantaneous speed of the/Pt @ Si NBs nanomotor in a solution with pH 1.3 within 15s are shown, from which CaO2the/Pt @ Si NBs is always in motion in the solution.
The reason is as follows: the calcium peroxide can completely react in an acid solution to generate oxygen, and the calcium peroxide reacts with water in a PBS solution to generate a micro-content calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2Calcium hydroxide will adhere to the surface of the calcium peroxide preventing further reaction of the calcium peroxide, and therefore the calcium peroxide is at rest in the PBS solution.
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of RB/CaO2Pt @ Si NBs, wherein RB is rhodamine fluorescent dye
Synthesizing silicon nano bottles (Si NBs), and mixing 1 part of RB and 1 part of nano CaO2And 1 part of PtNPs and 1 part of Si NBs are mixed in the solution and subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and RB/CaO is obtained after filtration2/Pt@Si NBs。
Two parts of RB/CaO2the/Pt @ Si NBs was placed in PBS and pH 1.3 solutions, respectively, and after sufficient reaction the fluorescence intensity of both solutions was measured, as shown in fig. 10: RB/CaO2The fluorescence intensity of the/Pt @ Si NBs in the solution at pH 1.3 is much higher than that in PBS.
The reason for this is that calcium peroxide can react completely in an acidic solution, and oxygen can carry part of RB into the solution in the release process, so that the fluorescence intensity of the solution is gradually increased; in PBS solution, the calcium peroxide reacts with water to form a micro-content of calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2And a small amount of oxygen, the reaction speed is slow, and less oxygen is released, resulting in a smaller amount of RB entering the solution together with oxygen, and although the fluorescence intensity is also increased, the overall fluorescence intensity is still weak.
Example 4 Synthesis and verification of the antibacterial Effect of NanoTabs with Clary
Synthesizing a silicon nano bottle, namely mixing 1 part of clarithromycin and 1 part of nano CaO2And 1 part of PtNPs and 1 part of Si NBs are mixed in the solution and subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the mixture is filtered to obtain Clary/CaO2/Pt@Si NBs。
Preparing comparative solutions Si NBs, CaO with concentrations of C1, C2, C3, C4 and C52，CaO2+ PtNPs, Clary and Clary/CaO2Pt @ Si NBs, CaO corresponding to C5 to C12，CaO2+ PtNPs, Clary and Clary/CaO2The concentration of/Pt @ Si NBs was as follows: si NBs: 200. 100, 50, 25, 12.5 mu g/mL; CaO (CaO)2：13.6、0.65、3.26、1.63、0.81μg/mL；Clary：21、10.5、5.26、2.63、1.31μg/mL；Clary/CaO2/Pt@Si NBs：200、100、50、25、12.5μg/mL。
To all comparative solutions 10 was added6After CFU/mL helicobacter pylori, inoculation is carried out one by oneThe incubation was performed in 96-well plates under microaerobic conditions for 24 hours.
All post-incubation solutions were tested for optical density at 600nm (OD600), see FIG. 11, with only Clary and Clary/CaO2The solution corresponding to the Pt @ Si NBs has low optical density, namely the concentration of helicobacter pylori is low, and the good antibacterial effect is shown, so that the nano motor Clary/CaO2the/Pt @ Si NBs are capable of liberating Clary in solution and interacting with H.pylori.
Example 5 verification of drug loaded nanomotor Clary/CaO2Pt @ Si NBs release drug in stomach
RB/CaO Synthesis by the procedure of example 32/Pt@Si NBs。
Mixing RB/CaO2the/Pt @ Si NBs were orally delivered to the stomach of the mice, and the gastric mucosa of the mice was removed at the following time points of 0min, 5min, 10min, 20min, 40min, and 60min for observation and measurement of fluorescence intensity.
As shown in FIG. 12, the fluorescence intensity of gastric mucosa increased with time, indicating that RB molecule could be successfully released in vivo, while Clary, although not identical in composition to RB, was large in molecule and the release mechanism was the same, therefore RB could be successfully released in stomach, and it was concluded that Clary could also be released with RB/CaO2the/Pt @ Si NBs reach the stomach and are successfully released in the stomach, avoiding being decomposed before reaching the stomach.
Example 6 validation of drug loaded nanomotor Clary/CaO2Antibacterial effect of/Pt @ Si NBs in vivo
Clary/CaO synthesis was carried out using the method of example 42/Pt@Si NBs。
Establishing an infection model: selection of several C57BL/6 strains of mice received 0.15mL of 1X 107CFU mL-1Oral gavage of H.pylori was repeated 3 times (days 3, 5 and 7), and 7 days after infection, mice were sectioned to observe gastric lesions, indicating that all mice were successfully infected.
Infected mice were randomly divided into five groups of 6 mice each, using PBS, Clary, PPI + Clary, Pt @ Si NBs, Clary/CaO, respectively2Pt @ Si NBs was orally administered for five consecutive days.
PBS, Pt @ Si NBs nanomotors (200. mu.L of 3.36mg Clary dose per mouse) were used as negative and motor controls, respectively.
For the Clary + PPI group, mice were treated orally with 400 μmol kg before each day-1Rabeprazole sodium salt (PPI), 30 minutes later, it was orally administered again by Clary.
Free 3.36mg of Clary, Clary/CaO were orally administered for five consecutive days2the/Pt @ Si NBs group used the same treatment cycle, with 15mg nanomotors administered orally per mouse.
On the sixth day, the mice were euthanized, and stomach tissue of the mice was surgically excised to remove the contents, the mice' stomachs were ground, and the filtrates were collected by filtration. The number of bacteria was then counted on colombian blood agar plates by the dilution walking plate method.
The statistical results are shown in FIG. 13: the average bacterial load of the three groups of bacteria treated with PBS, Clary and bare nanomotors was 2.26X 10, respectively7CFU g-1、1.64×106CFU g-1And 1.56X 107CFU g-1The bacterial load of PPI + Clary treated mice was 9.16X 104CFU g-1。
In contrast, with Clary/CaO25.00X 10 bacteria from Pt @ Si NBs treated mice4CFU g-1Compared with the control group, the reduction of helicobacter pylori of mice by about 2.6 orders of magnitude was observed by Clary/CaO2/Pt @ Si NBs compared with the negative control group.
Thus, it can be seen that the Clary/CaO of the present example was used2The treatment effect of the/Pt @ Si NBs is better than that of the Clary or the PPI + Clary directly used.
Meanwhile, Si NBs can be normally metabolized in vivo to the outside of the body without causing adverse effects on the body, and Si NBs carrying substances such as drugs and catalysts can also be metabolized in vitro in the same way.
Example 7
Except that the clarithromycin is 0.5 part by mass and the nano calcium peroxide is 0.5 part by mass, the other conditions are the same as the implementationIn the same manner as in example 4, Clary/CaO was synthesized2/Pt@Si NBs。
Example 8
Clary/CaO was synthesized in the same manner as in example 4, except that clarithromycin was 2 parts by mass and nano-calcium peroxide was 2 parts by mass2/Pt@Si NBs。
Example 9
Clary/CaO was synthesized under the same conditions as in example 4, except that the nano calcium peroxide was 4 parts by mass2/Pt@Si NBs。
Clary/CaO synthesized in examples 7 to 92The specific steps of the Pt @ Si NBs are shown in example 6, and finally, the helicobacter pylori of the mice is reduced to a certain degree, and the sterilization effect is good under the condition that the clarithromycin is high in parts by mass, but the optimal ratio is the ratio in example 4 after the conditions such as synthesis cost are integrated.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone with the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention, are within the protection scope.
Claims (6)
1. A gas-driven drug-releasing nanomotor for treating gastric diseases, characterized in that: the nano-silica bottle comprises a hollow nano-silica bottle, wherein the outer wall of the hollow nano-silica bottle is hydrophobic, the inner wall of the hollow nano-silica bottle is hydrophilic, the hollow nano-silica bottle comprises a bottle body with a hollow cavity and a long and narrow bottleneck, the diameter of the bottle body is 400-450 nm, the diameter of the part, connected with the bottle body, of the bottleneck is 200-350 nm, and the length of the bottleneck is 400-650 nm;
calcium peroxide, a catalyst and drug molecules are arranged in the bottle body;
the catalyst is a platinum nanoparticle, a silver nanoparticle or a gold nanoparticle; the drug molecules are clarithromycin, amoxicillin, nitromycin, levofloxacin or tetracycline; the proportion of the drug molecules, the calcium peroxide, the catalyst and the silicon nano bottle is as follows according to the mass parts: 0.5-2 parts of drug molecules, 0.5-4 parts of nano calcium peroxide, 1 part of catalyst and 1 part of silicon nano bottle.
2. The gas driven drug release nanomotor for treatment of gastric disorders of claim 1, wherein: the drug molecule is clarithromycin.
3. A preparation method of a gas-driven drug-releasing nano motor for treating stomach diseases is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
and (2) synthesizing SiNBs (silicon nano-bottles), adding 0.5-2 parts of drug molecules, 0.5-4 parts of nano calcium peroxide, 1 part of catalyst and 1 part of silicon nano-bottles into the solution by mass, uniformly mixing, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-60 min, performing centrifugal separation, and cleaning precipitates by using pure water to obtain the gas-driven nano motor.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the gas-driven drug-releasing nanomotor is prepared by a method comprising: the synthesis of the silicon nano-bottle SiNBs specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving 3.0g of polyethylene PVP in 30.0mL of n-amyl alcohol, adding an ammonia water solution in which 3.0mL of ethanol and 98mg of trisodium citrate are dissolved, mixing, and violently shaking the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed; and adding 300mL of tetrabutyl orthosilicate and 30mL of 3-chloropropyl-trimethoxy silane, shaking for 5 minutes, placing on a rotator, reacting for 5 hours at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the rotating speed of 40rpm, performing centrifugal separation, and washing with ethanol to obtain the nano bottle.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the gas-driven drug-releasing nanomotor is prepared by a method comprising: the catalyst is a platinum nanoparticle, a silver nanoparticle or a gold nanoparticle.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the gas-driven drug-releasing nanomotor is prepared by a method comprising: the drug molecule is clarithromycin.
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