CN112184274A - An online contract performance system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种在线履约系统和方法。所述系统包括：多个数据处理节点、汇总节点、合约方设备和监督检验设备，至少合约方设备和监督检验设备位于区块链上；所述合约方设备，用于承担所属合约方与有合约关系的其他合约方的合约执行；所述监督检验设备，用于对合约执行情况进行检验得到检验数据，并将检验数据按照设定规则提供给用于对检验数据进行混淆处理的数据处理节点；所述汇总节点，用于对数据处理节点得到的结果进行合并处理，以得到各合约方信任的检验结果汇总数据。通过区块链实现合约过程中数据的防篡改，通过多方数据处理节点保证监督检验机构的数据私密性。
The invention discloses an online contract performance system and method. The system includes: a plurality of data processing nodes, aggregating nodes, contracting party equipment and supervision and inspection equipment, at least the contracting party equipment and the supervision and inspection equipment are located on the blockchain; Contract execution of other contracting parties in the contract relationship; the supervision and inspection equipment is used to inspect the execution of the contract to obtain inspection data, and provide the inspection data to the data processing node for obfuscating the inspection data according to the set rules ; The summary node is used to combine the results obtained by the data processing node, so as to obtain summary data of test results trusted by each contracting party. The data is tamper-proof in the contract process through the blockchain, and the data privacy of the supervision and inspection agency is guaranteed through the multi-party data processing nodes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to an online fulfillment system and an online fulfillment method.
Background
Since the beginning of the economy of the 15 th century, in order to ensure the reliability and safety of business activities, both parties to the transaction will invite a third-party inspection institution or a supervision inspection institution to intervene, and with the activity of business activities, the business activities become mature. Third party inspection facilities, generally referred to as independent facilities responsible for quality supervision and inspection between project owners and project contractors, are typically employed by project owners.
The fairness, authority, etc. of the verification reports given by the third party verification authority for the project depend on the reputation, reputation and expertise of the authority. Because the third party inspection institution essentially belongs to the participating party in the commercial activity, and the human participation degree in the existing quality supervision and inspection process is high, disputes are easily caused when the inspection result does not meet the expectation of the project service party or the project contractor.
In addition, in the contract execution process, in consideration of the evaluation capability problem of the checking organization, multiple third-party checking organizations are usually required to cooperate to complete quality supervision checking, and once cooperating, the third-party checking organizations are easy to expose their own checking logic, so that core data is leaked.
Therefore, a technical solution is needed to be provided, so that human factors and tamper resistance of inspection data in the inspection process are avoided, and privacy of data of a third-party inspection institution is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention has been developed to provide an online performance system and method that overcome, or at least partially solve, the above-mentioned problems.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an online fulfillment system, including: the system comprises a plurality of data processing nodes, a summary node, a contractual party device and a supervision and inspection device, wherein at least the contractual party device and the supervision and inspection device are positioned on a block chain;
the contract party device is used for undertaking contract execution of the affiliated contract party and other contract parties with contract relation;
the supervision and inspection equipment is used for inspecting the contract execution condition to obtain inspection data and providing the inspection data to a data processing node for performing confusion processing on the inspection data according to a set rule;
and the summarizing node is used for merging the results obtained by the data processing node to obtain the summarizing data of the testing results trusted by each contractual party.
In some optional embodiments, the supervision and inspection device is configured to provide the inspection data to each data processing node for performing obfuscation processing on the inspection data according to a set rule, specifically:
and splitting the inspection data according to the number of the data processing nodes to obtain data fragments and providing the data fragments for each data processing node.
In some alternative embodiments, at least one of the contracting device or the overseeing inspection device is used as an endorsement node,
the endorsement node is used for storing and synchronizing data state information generated by each contractual party device and supervision and inspection device in the contract execution process, and the data state information comprises: a combination of one or more of contract party reputation information, supervisory validator reputation information, contract execution, and validation data.
In some optional embodiments, the system further comprises: the data processing node is used for carrying out statistical processing on the inspection data from different supervision and inspection devices, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the data processing node determines the priority of a supervision and inspection mechanism which sends inspection data, and obtains data with the priority meeting the requirements from the received inspection data for statistical processing to obtain statistical data; or
The data processing node obtains the test result weight of the supervision and test mechanism agreed in the contract, and carries out weighted summation on the received test data of the supervision and test mechanism according to the weight and the supervision and test mechanism sending the test data to obtain statistical data.
In some optional embodiments, the data processing node is further configured to:
monitoring whether a complaint control request for a supervision and inspection party exists and whether complaint control is successful; and if the complaint control request is available and the complaint control is successful, removing the inspection data sent by the supervision and inspection equipment of the supervision and inspection party with successful complaint control.
In some optional embodiments, the contracting device is further configured to: completing performance payment and credit value distribution according to the summarized data of the inspection result;
the supervision and inspection equipment is further used for distributing commission and/or reputation values among supervision and inspection parties according to the contracted distribution mode according to the summarized data of the inspection results.
In some optional embodiments, the supervised checking device is configured to allocate commission and/or reputation values among the supervised checking parties according to a contractually agreed allocation manner according to the summarized data of the checking results, and includes:
evenly distributing commission and/or credit values among the supervision and inspection organizations in an evenly distributed mode; or
Determining the distribution proportion of the commission and/or credit value according to the number and/or proportion of the correct judged test items in the test data of each supervision and inspection institution obtained by statistics, and distributing the commission and/or credit according to the determined distribution proportion; or
And determining the allocation proportion of the commission and/or credit value according to the number and/or proportion of correct judgments in the check data of the supervision and inspection mechanism determined by the arbitrator based on the extracted high-confidence arbitration data, and allocating the commission and/or credit according to the determined allocation proportion.
In some optional embodiments, the system further comprises: credit modules are arranged in the contractual party equipment and the supervision and inspection equipment and used for maintaining the credit value of each supervision and inspection structure according to at least one of the following rules:
executing credit value initialization operation on a newly added supervision and inspection mechanism;
adjusting the credit value according to the distribution result of the credit value;
according to a set credit value transfer mechanism, deducting or transferring the credit value of the supervised inspection mechanism successfully complained by the controlled party to other supervised inspection mechanisms;
and executing a credit value reward strategy to a supervision and inspection mechanism which finishes inspection in a set time period according to a set reward rule.
In some optional embodiments, the system further comprises an arbitration node configured to:
extracting high-confidence-degree test result sample data serving as arbitration data based on the test result summarized data;
when a cheating behavior complaint control request exists, whether the cheating behavior really occurs is judged according to the extracted arbitration data, and if yes, complaint control is considered to be successful.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an online performance method, which comprises the following steps:
the contracting party realizes the contract execution with other contracting parties in contract relation through a contracting party device arranged on the block chain;
the supervision and inspection party inspects the contract execution condition to obtain inspection data, and provides the inspection data to a data processing node for performing obfuscation processing on the inspection data according to a set rule;
and the summarizing node merges the results obtained by the data processing nodes to obtain summarized data of the test results trusted by each contractual party.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an online fulfillment system, including: the system comprises a plurality of data processing nodes, a gathering node, an advertiser device, a media device and a supervision and inspection device, wherein at least the advertiser device, the media device and the supervision and inspection device are positioned on a block chain;
the advertiser equipment is used for undertaking contract signing and contract execution of the advertiser and media and a supervision and inspection party;
the media equipment is used for signing and executing contracts between the media and the advertisers and between the media and the monitoring and checking parties;
the supervision and inspection equipment is used for undertaking contract signing of the supervision and inspection party, the advertiser and the media, inspecting contract execution conditions to obtain inspection data, and providing the inspection data to a data processing node for performing confusion processing on the inspection data according to set rules;
and the summarizing node is used for merging the results obtained by the data processing node to obtain the summarizing data of the testing results trusted by each contractual party.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the contract party equipment of the contract party and the supervision and inspection equipment of the supervision and inspection mechanism are arranged into a decentralized distributed system through a block chain technology to realize contract execution and supervision and inspection, and data in the block chain is chain data which sequentially combines data blocks according to a time sequence, so that the interference of human factors can be effectively avoided, and the data of each link in the contract execution process is ensured not to be distorted; after the supervision and inspection organization obtains the inspection data, the data is determined to be sent to each data processing node according to the set rule, the data sent to the data processing nodes can be fragments or all of the inspection data or can be null data, as long as the sum of the data sent to a plurality of data processing nodes is ensured to be real inspection data, thus the data is subjected to confusion processing by taking a plurality of data processing nodes as data isolators, so that the statistical node cannot know the real inspection data of each supervision and inspection party, and only the summarized data of the inspection results of all supervision and inspection parties can be obtained, thereby effectively ensuring the privacy of the data of each supervision and inspection party, avoiding data leakage and ensuring the consistency of the statistical data and the original data, and the system can meet the requirements of inspection fairness, ensure the authority of the inspection results and ensure the non-tamper property of the data, the contract execution process is more transparent, data cooperation of multi-party data under the condition of protecting privacy is realized, possibility is created for data cooperation of multiple supervision and inspection mechanisms, and benign development of supervision and inspection mechanisms is realized.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an online fulfillment system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an online fulfillment system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of intelligent contract execution in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of multi-party federated authentication in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a possible verification result summarizing manner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an online fulfillment method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In order to solve the problems that the supervision and inspection implementation process in the prior art cannot well meet the requirements of the aspects of inspection fairness, inspection result authority, data confidentiality, no excessive central dependence and the like, the embodiment of the invention provides an online performance system and method.
The block chain is a distributed account book which is formed by combining data blocks in a chain data structure in a sequential connection mode according to a time sequence and is guaranteed to be not falsifiable and counterfeitable in a cryptographic mode. The supervised inspection prescription refers to an object outside two interrelated hosts. Such as executing an object other than both parties. The supervision and inspection is also called as notarization inspection or third party inspection, which is an activity of inspecting and approving the commodity conformity according to related laws, standards or contracts by a third party (such as a professional supervision and inspection organization) out of the interest of buying and selling with the identity of a fair, fair and authoritative non-proper person.
The online performance system provided by the embodiment of the invention is a homemade online performance system realized based on a block chain, and the core of the online performance system is that the trust crisis in the execution process of contract signing audit is solved and the cooperation efficiency among organizations is improved by depending on the characteristics of decentralized block chain, consensus mechanism and non-falsification, and meanwhile, the online performance system provides possibility for introducing multiple supervision and inspection companies to perform anonymous data cooperation inspection. The structure of the system is shown in fig. 1, the system adopts decentralized distributed processing mode and realizes supervision and inspection through chain data based on time sequence, and the system comprises: the system comprises a contract party device 1, a supervision and inspection device 2, a plurality of data processing nodes 3 and a summary node 4, wherein at least the contract party device and the supervision and inspection device are positioned on a block chain;
the contract party device 1 is used for undertaking contract execution of the affiliated contract party and other contract parties with contract relations. But also can undertake contract signing of the affiliated contractual party and other contractual parties. The other contracting parties may include a contracting party to which other contracting devices than the contracting party to which the contracting device belongs and a supervision and inspection party to which the supervision and inspection device belongs.
And the supervision and inspection device 2 is used for inspecting the contract execution condition to obtain inspection data and providing the inspection data to a data processing node for performing obfuscation processing on the inspection data according to a set rule. Optionally, the supervision and test device 2 may also be used to undertake contract signing between the belonging supervision and test party and the contracting party.
And the data processing node 3 is used for receiving the inspection data provided by the supervision and inspection equipment 2 and carrying out statistical processing on the received inspection data.
And the summarizing node 4 is used for merging the results obtained by the data processing node 3 to obtain summarizing data of the test results trusted by each contractual party.
In the system, the contracting party device 1 and the supervision and inspection device 2 can be used as on-chain devices and arranged on a block chain, and part or all of the on-chain devices can be set as endorsement nodes; at least one of the contract party device and the supervision and inspection device is used as an endorsement node, the endorsement node is used for storing and synchronizing data state information generated by each chain device in the contract execution process, and the data state information comprises: a combination of one or more of contract party reputation information, supervisory validator reputation information, contract execution, and validation data. The endorsement node stores and synchronizes credit information of contract participants, credit information of a supervision and inspection party, contract execution conditions and inspection result data provided by contract party equipment and the supervision and inspection equipment to other chain equipment according to occurrence time at each stage in the contract execution process according to a set rule.
Through the nodes with endorsement function in the devices on the chain, the data states of the devices on the chain at different times are recorded and saved in real time in the contract execution process, and the data states can also be called world states (world states), and the world states can comprise various data states and occurrence time information of the devices on the chain, such as credit information of a contractual party, credit information of a supervision and inspection party, contract execution conditions, inspection result data, contract signing conditions, contract execution conditions, supervision and inspection data and the like. The endorsement node can ensure that the information of the equipment on the chain cannot be tampered. The change of the world state in the execution process of the contract needs enough endorsement nodes to be completed, so that few people who want to tamper with the world state or change the execution condition of the intelligent contract need to persuade enough endorsement nodes to cooperate with cheating to realize the change, and generally the condition is difficult to achieve.
In the above system, the contractual party device 1 may serve as a contract initiator to edit contract content to initiate a contract request, or may serve as a contract participant to complete a contract behavior of the contractual party according to the contract request, and enter a contract execution stage after the contract is completed.
In the system, the supervision and inspection equipment 2 completes the signing behavior of the supervision and inspection party according to the contract request, supervises and inspects the contract execution condition in the contract execution stage, determines the data provided for each data processing node according to the acquired inspection data and the set rule, and sends the data to the data processing nodes.
The supervision and inspection device 2 is used for providing the inspection data to each data processing node for performing obfuscation processing on the inspection data according to a set rule, and different obfuscation processing modes can be adopted, wherein the principle is to ensure that the data sent to all the data processing nodes can be combined and summed to form complete inspection data. For example, the supervision and inspection equipment splits the inspection data according to the number of the data processing nodes to obtain data fragments, the data fragments are provided for each data processing node, the data processing nodes count the received data fragments and then send the data fragments to the summarizing node, and therefore the summarizing node and other equipment cannot acquire the real inspection data of each supervision and inspection party. For another example, each supervised verifier sends its complete verification data to one of the data processing nodes and sends null data to the other data processing nodes, so that the merge node cannot know from which supervised verifier the verification data came.
In the system, the data processing node 3 performs statistical processing on data from different monitoring and testing devices to obtain statistical data, and sends the statistical data to the summarizing node 4. The received data fragments may be summed and then provided to the summing node 4.
The data processing node 3 performs statistics on the received data fragments according to the selected statistical decision rule, which may include several optional statistical schemes as follows:
the first scheme is as follows: the data processing node determines the priority of a supervision and inspection mechanism which sends inspection data, and obtains data with the priority meeting the requirements from the received inspection data for statistical processing to obtain statistical data. When the received data fragment is the data fragment, the data processing node determines the priority of a monitoring and checking mechanism which sends the data fragment, counts the data in the data fragment according to the priority, acquires the data fragment with the priority meeting the requirement from the received data fragment, and obtains the statistical data of each data fragment.
Scheme II: the data processing node obtains the test result weight of the supervision and inspection mechanism agreed in the contract, and carries out weighted summation on the received test data of the supervision and inspection mechanism according to the obtained weight and the supervision and inspection mechanism sending the test data to obtain statistical data. And when the data fragments are received, carrying out weighted summation on the data fragments sent to the monitoring and checking mechanism by each monitoring and checking mechanism to obtain the statistical data of each data fragment.
The data processing node 3 is further configured to monitor whether a complaint control request to the supervision and inspection party exists and whether complaint control is successful; and if the complaint control request is available and the complaint control is successful, removing the inspection data sent by the supervision and inspection equipment of the supervision and inspection party with successful complaint control.
In the system, the summarizing node 4 merges the received statistical data to obtain summarizing data of the test results trusted by all the contracting parties.
The summarizing node 4 merges the statistical results of each data processing node to obtain the summary data of the test results, which includes: according to the statistical data of each data fragment, determining the correct judgment of each inspection item and the proportion of the correct judgment; and determining the number and/or proportion of the check items which are correctly judged by each supervision and inspection mechanism according to the correct judgment of each check item.
The chain equipment in the system can allocate commission and credit values according to the summarized data of the inspection results. Wherein,
the contracting party equipment 1 completes performing payment and credit value distribution according to the summarized data of the checking result;
the supervising checking device 2 distributes commission and/or reputation values among the supervising checking parties according to the contracted distribution mode based on the data gathered by the checking results. Several alternative allocation schemes may be included as follows:
(1) commission and/or reputation values are evenly distributed among the supervised inspection authorities in an evenly distributed manner.
(2) And determining the allocation proportion of the commission and/or credit values according to the counted number and/or proportion of the correctly judged test items in the test data of each supervision and inspection institution, and allocating the commission and/or credit according to the determined allocation proportion.
(3) And determining the allocation proportion of the commission and/or credit value according to the number and/or proportion of correct judgments in the check data of the supervision and inspection mechanism determined by the arbitrator based on the extracted high-confidence arbitration data, and allocating the commission and/or credit according to the determined allocation proportion.
The system further comprises a credit node 5 for maintaining a credit value for each supervised checking architecture according to at least one of the following rules:
executing credit value initialization operation on a newly added supervision and inspection mechanism;
adjusting the credit value according to the distribution result of the credit value;
according to a set credit value transfer mechanism, deducting or transferring the credit value of the supervised inspection mechanism successfully complained by the controlled party to other supervised inspection mechanisms;
and executing a credit value reward strategy to a supervision and inspection mechanism which finishes inspection in a set time period according to a set reward rule.
The system also comprises an arbitration node 6, which is used for extracting the inspection result sample data with high confidence as arbitration data based on the inspection result summarized data; when a cheating behavior complaint control request exists, whether the cheating behavior really occurs is judged according to the extracted arbitration data, and if yes, complaint control is considered to be successful.
The credit node 5 and the arbitration node 6 may be part or all of the contracting party device 1 and the supervision and inspection device 2 included in the devices on the chain, or may be credit nodes and arbitration nodes specifically provided on the chain.
In the system, the contracting party device and the supervision and inspection device are arranged on the blockchain, and the data processing node and the summary node may be arranged in different devices on the blockchain, such as separate devices, or some or all of the contracting party device and the supervision and inspection device, or may be arranged in different cloud servers or separately arranged server clusters. The credit node and the arbitration node can be independent devices in the blockchain, and can also be part or all of a contractual device and a supervision and inspection device.
The devices in the online performance system may be divided into functional modules as shown in fig. 2 according to the implemented functions, and include a contract module 201, a verification module 202, a credit module 203, and an arbitration module 204.
The contract module 201 is set in both contract party device and supervision and inspection device included in the chain device, and according to the contract request of the contract initiator, the contracts of users with different roles such as the contract initiator, the contract participant and the supervision and inspection mechanism are completed respectively according to the roles of the devices where the contract initiator, the contract participant and the supervision and inspection mechanism are located, and the contract execution stage is entered.
The inspection module 202 is arranged at the data processing node and the summarizing node, the inspection module 202 realizes one or more functions of receiving, counting, summarizing and the like of the data fragments, and finally obtains statistical data of inspection results and provides the statistical data to the on-chain equipment.
The credit module 203 may be disposed in a contracting party device and a supervision and inspection device included in the device on the chain, or may be disposed in a credit node in the system, the credit node is also disposed on the block chain, the credit module is disposed in the credit node, and the devices on the chain commonly maintain a reward and punishment rule of the credit module and credit values of each supervision and inspection institution.
The arbitration module 204 may be provided in the contracting and supervising checking devices included in the devices on the chain and in an arbitration node also arranged on the blockchain, which may be voted by the parties of the devices on the chain to generate an arbitrator or may be used by a professional arbitration mechanism as an arbitrator.
The functions implemented by each module are described in detail below. In the course of the introduction, reference is made to the following definitions or explanations:
Semi-Honest Security (Semi-host Security): assuming that the attacker is honest but curious, i.e. the attacker will perform its own assigned tasks according to the protocol, but if there is an opportunity the attacker will try to obtain the privacy information of the other participants, semi-honest security requires that the honest but curious participants cannot obtain the privacy of the other participants.
Malicious Security (Malicious Security): it is assumed that an attacker will not perform tasks according to the protocol, i.e. the output result given cannot be guaranteed to be correct. Malicious security requires that the output result does not conform to the protocol.
Covert Security (Covert Security): assuming that an aggressive behavior will only occur if it is not discovered, i.e., if the aggressive behavior can be identified with a high probability and given a penalty, covert security can constrain the occurrence of the aggressive event.
Secret Sharing (Secret Sharing): the secret is shared to a group of participants, and can be reconstructed only when a sufficient number of participants collaborate together, and the shards of each participant have no use value.
The contract module can realize that contract both sides (for example buyer and seller) sign intelligent contract with the supervision and inspection side, satisfies the condition and triggers automatic settlement. The functions of the contract module include: the method comprises the following steps of writing contract contents, authenticating the identity ability of a contract initiator before the contract is initiated, checking and signing the contract contents by all related parties, submitting a plurality of inspection results after the contract is normally executed, and carrying out automatic statistical judgment on the plurality of inspection results and executing reward and punishment clauses in the contract according to the judgment results by an intelligent contract module.
The contract module is matched with the checking module, the credit module and the arbitration module to realize the intelligent contract execution process, and an optional execution flow of the intelligent contract is shown in figure 3 and comprises the following steps:
step S201: the contract initiator initiates a contract request through the contract module.
The contract initiator initiates a contract request by editing the contract content through the contract device and sends the written contract to the contract devices of the contract participants and the contract module in the supervision and inspection device of the supervision and inspection institution. The contract may include content, parties that the contract needs to execute, and may include selected supervisory verification mechanisms. Before the contract request is initiated, the identity and the capability of the contract initiator can be authenticated, and when the identity and the capability of the contract initiator pass the authentication, the contract request is initiated again.
Step S202: and after the contract participants and the supervision and inspection mechanism receive the contract requests through the contract modules, the contracts are signed.
And each related party such as the contract participating party and the selected supervision and inspection mechanism receives the contract request, checks the content of the contract and signs a contract when agreeing to the content of the contract.
Step S203: and a contract module of the equipment on the chain receives the subscription information returned by each correlative party.
The contract participating party and the supervision and inspection mechanism check contract content, determine whether to sign a contract, when determining to sign a contract, sign a contract through respective client sides, and return signing information to contract modules arranged in respective devices.
Step S204: whether all parties agree to a subscription. If so, go to step S205, otherwise go to step S208.
After each related party of the contract receives the signing information returned by all related parties through the contract modules in the respective chain equipment, all related parties are considered to agree to sign.
Step S205: and entering a contract execution stage, and respectively executing the check by the supervision check structure.
After the contract is normally executed, the multiple supervising and checking organizations submit respective checking results, can submit the checking results in a data slicing mode, and receive and count and summarize the checking results by the checking module to obtain the statistical data of the checking results.
Step S206: and acquiring summarized data of the inspection result from the inspection module.
The verification module can be arranged in the multi-party data processing node to receive the verification data of the supervision and verification party, and arranged in the summary node to summarize the data in the multi-party data processing node to obtain the summarized data of the verification result.
Step S207: and intelligently executing the agreed contract according to the obtained summarized data of the inspection result.
The contract module intelligently executes agreed contract content, such as commission allocation and/or reputation value allocation, based on the summary data of the inspection results. Reward and punishment terms in the contract can also be executed according to the summarized data of the check result.
The contract module can choose one of the following modes according to commission and/or reputation value distribution based on the obtained summary data of the inspection results:
1) evenly distributing commission and/or credit values among the supervision and inspection organizations in an evenly distributed mode;
2) and (3) verifying capacity distribution according to the weighted evaluation result: determining the distribution proportion of the commission and/or credit value according to the number and/or proportion of the correct evaluation items in the check data of each supervision and inspection institution counted by the check module, and distributing the commission and/or credit according to the determined distribution proportion;
3) testing data verification capability distribution according to an arbitration party: and determining the allocation proportion of the commission and/or credit values according to the number and/or proportion of correct judgments in the check data of the supervision and inspection institution determined by the arbitration module based on the extracted high-confidence arbitration data, and allocating the commission and/or credit according to the determined allocation proportion.
Step S208: and (6) ending.
The inspection module can allow multiple supervised inspection structures to submit their inspection results for aggregate computation on the blockchain. The main function of the inspection module is to carry out statistical cooperation on inspection data of a plurality of supervision and inspection mechanisms under the condition of mutual anonymity, namely ensuring the semi-honesty safety.
After entering a contract execution stage, the supervision and inspection equipment acquires inspection data obtained by inspecting the contract execution condition by a supervision and inspection mechanism, divides the obtained inspection data into a plurality of data fragments, and submits different data fragments to different data processing nodes; the data processing nodes receive the data fragments submitted by the supervision and inspection mechanism, the received data fragments are counted according to the selected counting and judging rule, and the inspection module summarizes the counting results of each data processing node to obtain the counting data of the inspection results.
When the data processing node counts the received data fragments, the statistics can be carried out according to the priority of a supervision and inspection mechanism, and the weighted statistics can also be carried out according to the weight agreed in advance.
And when the data is counted according to the priority, the data processing node determines the priority of a supervision and inspection mechanism which sends the data fragments, counts the data in the data fragments according to the priority, and acquires the data fragments with the priority meeting the requirement from the received data fragments to obtain the statistical data of each data fragment.
And when weighting statistics is carried out according to the weight, the data processing node acquires the test result weight of the supervision and inspection mechanism agreed in the contract, and carries out weighting summation on the data fragments of each supervision and inspection mechanism according to the weight and the supervision and inspection mechanism sending each data fragment to obtain the statistical data of each data fragment.
After the statistics of each data fragment is completed, the summarizing the statistical result of each data processing node by the inspection module may include: according to the statistical data of each data fragment, determining the correct judgment of each inspection item and the proportion of the correct judgment; and determining the number and/or proportion of the check items which are correctly judged by each supervision and inspection mechanism according to the correct judgment of each check item.
The flow of the contract module and the inspection module for realizing multi-party combined authentication is shown in fig. 4, taking commission allocation as an example, a plurality of supervision and inspection organizations submit respective inspection data, namely authentication results of agreement execution conditions, the inspection module summarizes the authentication results according to a priority mode or a weighted voting mode, under the condition that the complaint is not controlled or controlled but is unsuccessful, the contract module selects one of three modes of average allocation, authentication capability allocation according to a weighted voting result or data authentication capability allocation according to an arbitrator test, and under the condition that the complaint is controlled and the complaint is successfully controlled, removes data of a cheating party.
In order to ensure the summary of verification results of semi-honest security, technologies such as asymmetric encryption, homomorphic encryption, multi-party calculation and the like may be used. If the secret sharing technology in secure multi-party computing is used, the original discrimination result of the supervision and inspection party cannot be restored when the data processing nodes of all the data fragments do not share their respective data in series. Finally, the final result obtained by summarizing the plurality of result fragments is consistent with the result obtained when the operation is executed on the original unencrypted data, as shown in fig. 5, the method is a feasible verification result summarizing mode, the supervision and inspection mechanism A generates inspection data, namely the verification result of the agreement execution situation, the verification result is split into n parts at the local client, … …, the supervision and inspection mechanism M generates the verification result, and the verification result is split into n parts at the local client; the monitoring and checking mechanisms A and M respectively send the respective data fragment 1 to the 1 st multi-party data processing node to execute statistical logic, the 1 st multi-party data processing node counts the data fragment 1, … …, the monitoring and checking mechanisms A and M respectively send the respective data fragment n to the nth multi-party data processing node to execute statistical logic, and the nth multi-party data processing node counts the data fragment n; the verification results can be counted according to a priority mode or a weighted voting mode, and then the verification results after the statistics of the fragments are summarized to obtain the summarized data of the verification results.
When the verification results are summarized according to the priority mode, the verification results given by the supervision and inspection mechanism with high priority are preferentially adopted, namely the part of the high-priority supervision and inspection party giving the verification results is adopted, and the verification results are adopted, and only the part of the high-priority supervision and inspection party not giving the verification results is adopted as the low-priority verification results.
When the test results are summarized in the weighted voting manner, the test results are weighted and summed according to the weights specified by the contract, and then the final result with the largest weight is obtained.
With regard to the distribution of the commission and the reputation value, because all parties submit results anonymously in the statistical cooperation process, in order to ensure that all supervision and inspection parties do not do harm while submitting anonymously, the distribution mode of the commission or the reputation value can be defined by encryption when the contract is signed, and the commission or the reputation value is revealed at the end, so that the discovered malicious behavior is punished. Taking the commission allocation as an example, the commission allocation method that may be selected is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The latter two ways in table 1 can prevent poor quality supervised inspector muddy water fish.
In the second mode in table 1, the function of the arbitrator and the function of the supervision and inspection party can be prevented from overlapping, and repeated judgment is reduced. However, the arbitrator has high data quality requirement and high public reliability requirement, but the arbitrator does not aim at profit, does not need to identify the number advantage, and is still different from the supervision and inspection party.
The third mode in table 1 can realize the innovation enthusiasm of encouraging the supervision and inspection parties, and avoid the supervision and inspection parties from adopting the principle of keeping consistent with other supervision and inspection parties in order to obtain high income, so that the excellent supervision and inspection parties can hardly stand out and can not be inhibited, the situation that the existing supervision and inspection parties newly find cheating flow which is difficult to identify can be avoided, and the situation that the higher income is obtained for normal flow can be judged by considering the voting situation of other companies.
The credit module ensures the superiority and inferiority of the supervision and inspection mechanism, stimulates the supervision and inspection mechanism to optimize the self-inspection capability and penalizes malicious inspection and unknown inspection. The credit module is used for judging whether a complaint control request for the inspection result data exists or not and whether complaint control succeeds or not when the complaint control request exists; and if the complaint control request is available and the complaint control is successful, removing the successful complaint control inspection result data to obtain new inspection result data. Referring to fig. 4, when complaint is controlled and successful, data of the cheating party (e.g., votes of the cheating supervising authority) is taken out.
The credit module is an important ring for realizing decentralized autonomy of the system, each related party can commonly maintain the reward and punishment rule of the credit module, the commonly confirmed rules can be deployed on the block chain in an intelligent contract form, and the rules are automatically executed by punishment when the conditions are met. The module mainly aims to control the stability and effectiveness of a credit system, stimulate the benign development of an autonomous system and punish malignant behaviors. A credit module for maintaining a reputation value of each supervised check structure according to at least one of the following rules:
1) and executing credit value initialization operation on the newly added supervision and inspection mechanism. Namely the reputation scale control mechanism: the total size of the credit value is only related to the number of the participants, namely, a uniform credit value is automatically initialized when each participant links the chain. The complaint control mechanism is zero-sum game, the credit of the order reward only exists temporarily, and finally the credit is attenuated along with time;
2) and according to a set credit value transfer mechanism, deducting or transferring the credit value of the supervised inspection institution successfully complained to other supervised inspection institutions. Namely the reputation complaint mechanism: if the counterfeiting behavior of a certain supervision and inspection organization is controlled to be complained successfully or fails, the credit value is transferred;
3) and executing a credit value reward strategy to a supervision and inspection mechanism which finishes inspection in a set time period according to a set reward rule. Namely the reputation reward mechanism: a certain amount of credit value is produced every day, the organization completing the contract on the day is rewarded, and the mechanism can stimulate the chain on the new organization;
4) and adjusting the reputation value according to the distribution result of the reputation value, for example, after executing the contract, distributing a certain reputation value to each supervision and inspection mechanism according to the contract.
There is also a reputation decay mechanism: the reputation of each day reward may decay over time and the reputation value needs to be maintained continuously.
The arbitration module periodically votes for elections by the participating organizations or introduces non-profit authorities. The arbitration module is used for judging the correctness of the extracted arbitration data with high confidence level on the inspection data of the supervision and inspection mechanism, determining the judgment that the inspection item consistent with the arbitration data in the inspection data of the supervision and inspection mechanism is correct, and determining the judgment that the inspection item inconsistent with the arbitration data is wrong; and/or judging whether a cheating behavior complaint control request exists or not by the arbitration module, judging whether the cheating behavior really occurs or not according to the extracted arbitration data with high confidence level when the cheating behavior complaint control request exists, and if so, judging that the complaint control is successful.
The arbitration mechanism exists to perfect the credit allocation mechanism and maintain the stability of the block chain when serious cheating action exists. For semi-honest attack behaviors, only data privacy needs to be protected. However, for the attack behavior that the supervision and inspection party may perform, a penalty needs to be given when the behavior is discovered, and the process needs to introduce an arbitration mechanism. Compared with a common supervision and inspection party, the arbitration mechanism needs to be more credible, but the data inspection capability does not need to be very strong, and only a certain sampling sample can be identified fairly. In a decentralized scenario, periodic voting by the participants may result. A particular arbitration mechanism may perform, but is not limited to performing, the following two rights:
the credit allocation process is used for verifying the data capability of each supervision and inspection mechanism, namely the credit allocation process also participates in inspection by self, but only samples with high confidence coefficient are randomly extracted and inspected, and the capability of each supervision and inspection mechanism is verified by taking the samples as a standard;
when the cheating behavior is complained, the self sample inspection result is used for judging whether the cheating behavior really occurs.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an online performance implementation method, which implements supervision and inspection by using a decentralized distributed data processing manner and by using chained data based on a time sequence, and a flow of the online performance implementation method is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following steps:
step S501: the contracting party realizes the contract execution with other contracting parties in contract relation through a contracting party device arranged on the block chain;
before executing the contract, the contractual party can realize contract signing and contract execution with other contractual party contracts through a contractual party device arranged on the block chain; the supervision and inspection party realizes contract signing with the contracting party through the supervision and inspection equipment arranged on the block chain.
The contract initiator initiates a contract request by editing contract content through the contract initiator device, specifically initiates the contract request through the contract module, and enters a contract execution stage after all relevant parties finish signing.
The contract participant signs a contract according to the contract request through the contract party device, and the supervision and inspection mechanism signs a contract according to the contract request through the supervision and inspection device and enters the contract execution stage after the contract is completed.
Step S502: and the supervision and inspection equipment inspects the contract execution condition to obtain inspection data and provides the inspection data to a data processing node for performing obfuscation processing on the inspection data according to a set rule.
The method comprises the steps that a supervision and inspection device acquires that a supervision and inspection mechanism inspects contract execution conditions after entering a contract execution stage to obtain inspection data, the obtained inspection data is divided into a plurality of data fragments, and different data fragments are submitted to different data processing nodes; and the data processing node receives the data fragments submitted by the supervision and inspection mechanism.
Step S503: the data processing node receives the inspection data provided by the supervision inspection equipment and carries out statistical processing on the received inspection data.
Each data processing node receives inspection data from a plurality of supervisory inspectors, and may be all inspection data or part of inspection data or null data for confusion, and the data processing node performs statistics on the data received by itself, for example, all the received data may be combined and provided to a statistical node. The statistics may be performed according to priority or according to weight.
Taking the data fragments as an example, when the data processing node performs statistics, the statistics can be performed according to the priority, the data processing node determines the priority of a supervision and inspection mechanism which sends the data fragments, performs statistics on the data fragments according to the priority, and acquires the data fragments with the priority meeting the requirements from the received data fragments to obtain the statistical data of each data fragment.
The data processing node can carry out weighted statistics by weight when carrying out statistics, the data processing node obtains the test result weight of the supervision and inspection mechanism agreed in the contract, and carries out weighted summation on the data fragments of each supervision and inspection mechanism according to the weight and the supervision and inspection mechanism sending each data fragment to obtain the statistical data of each data fragment.
Step S504: and the summarizing node merges the results obtained by the data processing nodes to obtain summarized data of the test results trusted by each contractual party.
And obtaining a correct judgment result according to the statistical test data of each supervision and inspection mechanism of the data processing node, determining that the judgment result is correct when the judgment result is consistent with the correct judgment result, and determining that the judgment result is wrong when the judgment result is inconsistent with the correct judgment result.
The summarizing node determines the correct judgment of each inspection item and the proportion of the correct judgment according to the statistical data of each data fragment; and determining the number and/or proportion of the check items which are correctly judged by each supervision and inspection mechanism according to the correct judgment of each check item.
Optionally, after obtaining the summarized data of the test results, the method further includes the following steps:
step S506: the on-chain equipment makes commission and/or reputation value assignments based on the aggregated data from the obtained inspection results. The contract party equipment completes performance payment and credit value distribution according to the summarized data of the inspection result; and the supervision and inspection equipment distributes commission and/or reputation values among supervision and inspection parties according to the summary data of the inspection results and the distribution mode agreed by the contract.
The process of implementing the commission and/or reputation value assignment is described in relation to the system above.
The method further comprises removing data of the cheating supervised inspection organizations by the credit module, namely processing data of the supervised inspection parties involved in the complaint control behavior, and maintaining reputation values of the supervised inspection structures by the credit module, which can be specifically referred to in the related description of the system.
The method further comprises perfecting a credit mechanism through an arbitration module, and screening the authenticity of the cheating behavior, which can be specifically referred to the related description in the system.
With regard to the online performance implementation method in the above embodiment, the specific implementation process of each step has been described in detail in the system embodiment and the related description of each module in the system, and will not be elaborated herein.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an online fulfillment system, which is used in the field of advertisements and comprises: the system comprises a plurality of data processing nodes, a gathering node, an advertiser device, a media device and a supervision and inspection device, wherein at least the advertiser device, the media device and the supervision and inspection device are positioned on a block chain;
the advertiser equipment is used for undertaking contract signing and contract execution of the affiliated advertiser and media and supervision and inspection parties;
the media equipment is used for signing and executing contracts of the media, the advertisers and the supervision and inspection parties;
the supervision and inspection equipment is used for assuming contract signing of the supervision and inspection party, the advertiser and the media, inspecting contract execution conditions to obtain inspection data, and providing the inspection data to a data processing node for performing confusion processing on the inspection data according to set rules;
and the summarizing node is used for merging the results obtained by the data processing node to obtain summarized data of the test results trusted by each contractual party.
An example of implementing the supervision and inspection by the online fulfillment system in the above advertisement field is described in detail below.
Assuming that in the field of ad placement verification, advertisers a and media B want to sign an ad placement buying contract, the contract specifies that advertisers a pay for media B in full only if more than 70% of the ad placement traffic is real traffic. The cheating condition of the specific flow is detected by a supervision and inspection mechanism D, a supervision and inspection mechanism E and a supervision and inspection mechanism F, and the corresponding weights are 40%, 35% and 25% respectively. The placement of the advertiser device, the media device, and the supervisory verification device of the supervisory verification authority over the blockchain forms a federation chain of advertisement impressions.
The decentralized supervision and inspection system based on the block chain executes the following steps in the advertisement putting inspection task:
(1) the advertiser (initiator) edits contract content, including the appointed related media, supervision and inspection mechanism, the magnitude of the flow rate of buying, the reward that can be provided to the media by oneself, the condition of paying, the weighting mode when many supervision and inspection mechanisms participate in the judgement, the commission and credit value distribution mode (the distribution mode of credit value to supervision and inspection party is encrypted at this moment), etc.
(2) The league link identifies the qualifications of the advertiser, which may include whether the reputation value meets requirements, whether the advertiser is entitled to send a contract request, whether the advertiser has sufficient financial capacity to send a contract request, and the like.
(3) The media receives the contract request, checks the contract content, and signs the contract with its own digital signature as if it were the content.
(4) Each supervision and inspection organization receives the contract request, checks the contract content, and can sign the digital signature of the contract to sign the contract like the content in the contract.
(5) All related parties involved in the contract are signed up and then the contract is effective, and the intelligent contract is deployed on a alliance chain.
(6) And the media executes contract content for advertising.
(7) And after the putting is finished, the supervision and inspection mechanism outputs respective inspection results according to the media putting log and submits the inspection results in a multi-party calculation mode.
(8) The alliance chain collects the inspection results submitted by each supervision inspection institution, executes the agreed intelligent contract according to the collected results, and allocates commission and credit values.
Through the steps, the advertisement putting service is completed by utilizing the inspection process of multi-party cooperation in a decentralized environment.
According to the method and the system, in the data cooperation process, various mechanisms are listed to ensure anonymous cooperation of data, various steps in contract execution are more transparent due to the fact that the block chain cannot be tampered, and convincing punishment rules are set according to the fact that the block chain cannot be tampered, so that a foundation is laid for encouraging benign competition of all parties in the chain; and due to the non-tampering characteristic of the block chain, the system can establish a reputation system according to the history, and help the supervision and inspection company to make the decision according to the superiority and inferiority of the verification capability of the supervision and inspection company.
The method and the system realize decentralized autonomy in the process of realizing supervision and inspection, greatly reduce trust threshold required by cooperation compared with the condition that codes are deployed on a certain central node, simultaneously reduce uncertainty after the execution of the paper contract and improve the execution efficiency of the contract.
The method and the system provide a scheme that under a feasible decentralized scene, data cooperation is carried out on multi-party data while privacy is protected, possibility is created for data cooperation of multiple supervision and inspection organizations, fairness and authority of supervision and inspection mechanisms are enhanced, and benign development of supervision and inspection is guaranteed.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, terms such as processing, computing, calculating, determining, displaying, or the like, may refer to an action and/or process of one or more processing or computing systems or similar devices that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the processing system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the processing system's memories, registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices. Information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed is an example of exemplary approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. Of course, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
For a software implementation, the techniques described herein may be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software codes may be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit may be implemented within the processor or external to the processor, in which case it can be communicatively coupled to the processor via various means as is known in the art.
What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or".
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Application publication date: 20210105 |