CN112182844A - A method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of a permanent magnet magnetic coupler - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
- H02K49/106—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with a radial air gap
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of a permanent magnetic coupler, belongs to the technical field of permanent magnetic transmission, and relates to a method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler. According to the method, firstly, an equivalent simplifying assumption for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler is given according to the property of the permanent magnetic coupler. Then, according to the geometric structure of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler, a magnetic circuit model comprising a main magnetic flux region, a first leakage region, a second leakage region and a third leakage region is established, and the integral upper limit and the integral lower limit of the main magnetic flux region and the integral upper limit and the integral lower limit of each leakage region are determined. And finally, constructing an integral equation of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler according to the magnetic circuit model to obtain a calculation result of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler. The method is a calculation method with practical engineering popularization and application values, and the calculation method is simple and effective, high in efficiency and short in time consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet magnetic transmission, and relates to a method for calculating an effective magnetic potential of a permanent magnet magnetic coupler.
Background
In a traditional transmission system, a motor end and a load end are generally connected by a coupler, but the coupler is high in installation requirement and cannot realize overload protection, and the development requirement of the transmission system of engineering equipment cannot be met. The permanent magnet magnetic coupler utilizes a Faraday electromagnetic induction principle and realizes effective transmission of torque from a motor end to a load end through non-contact magnetic force generated between the conductor rotor and the permanent magnet rotor. Compared with the existing coupler, the permanent magnetic coupler has the advantages of high reliability, overload protection, good energy-saving effect, low vibration noise, low installation precision requirement and the like, and has better application value in the engineering field. The calculation of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler can reflect the transmission capacity and the magnetic energy loss of the permanent magnetic coupler, and is an important guarantee for ensuring the stable operation of a transmission link. The method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler mainly adopts a finite element analysis method, the finite element analysis method is accurate in calculation result and high in precision, fine solution can be realized, but the method needs a complex modeling process, consumes a large amount of time and resources, and is greatly restricted for the application of quick optimization of actual engineering.
Aiming at the calculation of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler, a study on an axial magnetic flux speed regulation type permanent magnetic coupler is published in 6.1.2014 by the auspicious sign of the university of Harbin in the industry, a three-dimensional model is established according to the structure of the permanent magnetic coupler, the influence of magnetic flux leakage is analyzed by adopting a finite element analysis method, the trend that the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler is influenced by air gaps is qualitatively analyzed, but the modeling process is complex, the calculation result cannot be quantitatively given according to the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler, the calculation time is long, the requirement on computer hardware is high, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of a permanent magnet magnetic coupler. The method overcomes the defects of complex modeling, long time consumption, low efficiency and more occupied resources of a finite element analysis method, and is popular and easy to understand, simple in calculation process, less in time consumption and high in efficiency. The method has good practical engineering application value, and can provide important reference for the design optimization of the permanent magnetic coupler.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler, which is characterized in that the method firstly gives an equivalent simplifying assumption for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler according to the attribute of the permanent magnetic coupler; then, according to the geometric structure of the permanent magnetic force coupler, a magnetic circuit model comprising a main magnetic flux region, a first leakage region, a second leakage region and a third leakage region is established, and a zero integral upper limit and a zero integral lower limit of the main magnetic flux region, a first integral upper limit and a first integral lower limit of the first leakage region, a second integral upper limit and a second integral lower limit of the second leakage region and a third integral upper limit and a third integral lower limit of the third leakage region are determined; finally, according to the magnetic circuit model, an integral equation of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler is constructed, and a calculation result of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler is obtained; the specific steps of the calculation method are as follows:
first step, given the equivalent simplifying assumption of calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler
The permanent magnet magnetic coupler consists of a conductor back iron 1, a conductor rotor 2, an air gap 3, a permanent magnet rotor 4 and a permanent magnet 5, wherein the conductor back iron 1 is made of iron, the conductor rotor 2 is made of copper, the air gap 3 is made of air, the permanent magnet rotor 4 is made of aluminum, the permanent magnet 5 is made of neodymium iron boron, and according to the material properties, the equivalent simplifying assumption of calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler is given as follows:
the relative permeability of the conductor back iron 1, the conductor rotor 2, the air gap 3, the permanent magnet rotor 4 and the permanent magnet 5 is set to be 1; the permanent magnet 5 is uniformly magnetized, and the hysteresis effect is ignored; the air in the air gap 3 is uniformly distributed; the leakage flux path is simplified into a straight line and a semi-circular arc; the magnetic poles N/S of the permanent magnets 5 are uniformly staggered, and manufacturing errors are ignored;
secondly, calculating the integral upper limit and the integral lower limit of the main flux area and each leakage area of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler
Based on the geometric structural characteristics of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler, determining the magnetic flux path of the main magnetic flux area as permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → air gap 3 → conductor rotor 2 → conductor back iron 1 → conductor rotor 2 → air gap 3 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5; the magnetic flux path of the first leakage region is permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → air gap 3 → conductor rotor 2 → air gap 3 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5; determining the magnetic flux path of the second leakage region as permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → air gap 3 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5; determining the magnetic flux path of the third leakage area as permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5;
then, according to the conductor rotor thickness lcsAir gap thickness laThickness l of permanent magnet rotordThickness l of permanent magnetpmAdjacent permanent magnets center-to-center spacing τpAdjacent permanent magnets spaced by a distance τmAnd taking a small function min to determine a zeroth integral lower limit xl0Zero integral upper limit xh0First lower limit of integration xl1First upper integration limit xh1Second lower integration limit xl2Second upper integration limit xh2Third lower integration limit xl3Third upper integration limit xh3The expression is:
thirdly, calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler
According to the magnetic induction intensity H of the permanent magnetpmAnd permanent magnet thickness lpmThe initial magnetic potential F can be calculated0Comprises the following steps:
F0＝Hpmlpm (2)
from a main flux phi0Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmThickness l of back iron of conductorbVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the first leakage area as follows:
the first leakage flux guide G is calculated as:
from the first leakage flux phil1Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the first leakage area as follows:
calculating the first leakage flux guide Gl1Comprises the following steps:
from the second leakage flux phil2Initial magnetismPotential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0The integral sign d and the integral element x, and the relational expression of the second leakage area can be obtained as follows:
calculating the second leakage flux guide Gl2Comprises the following steps:
from the third leakage flux phil3Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the second leakage area as follows:
calculating the third leakage flux guide Gl3Comprises the following steps:
according to the first leakage flux-guide Gl1Second leakage flux guide Gl2And a third leakage flux guide Gl3To obtain the total leakage flux guide GlComprises the following steps:
Gl＝Gl1+Gl2+Gl3 (11)
finally calculating the effective magnetic potential F of the permanent magnetic couplereComprises the following steps:
the method has the advantages that based on the actual geometric structure of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler, the influence of a magnetic flux path on the magnetic potential of the permanent magnet is considered, all leakage areas between the permanent magnets are fully considered, an integral equation of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler is effectively established, and a calculation result of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler is obtained. The method overcomes the defects of complicated modeling, long time consumption, low efficiency and more occupied resources of a finite element analysis method. Popular and easy to understand, concise in calculation process, less in consumed time and high in efficiency. The calculation method can quickly and accurately realize the calculation and prediction of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler, and is simple and effective. The method can provide important reference for the design optimization of the permanent magnetic coupler, and is a calculation method with practical engineering popularization and application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating an effective magnetic potential of a permanent magnetic coupler according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the geometry of a permanent magnet magnetic coupler, in which 1-conductor back iron, 2-conductor rotor, 3-air gap, 4-permanent magnet rotor, 5-permanent magnet, lcsConductor rotor thickness, /)aAir gap thickness, /)bThickness of conductor back iron,/dThickness of permanent magnet rotor, /)pmPermanent magnet thickness, τp-center spacing of adjacent permanent magnets, τm-adjacent permanent magnets are spaced apart.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained in detail with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
In the embodiment, the transmission torque of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler with the input rotating speed of 1500r/min and the 6-magnetic-pole logarithmic single-disk structure is selected for calculation. The input rotating speed is 1500r/min and the basic size of the permanent magnetic coupler with the 6-magnetic-pole logarithmic single-disk structure is as follows: permanent magnet magnetic induction Hpm＝890×103A/m, permanent magnet thickness lpm25mm, permanent magnet width wpm50mm, thickness l of conductor back ironb10mm, vacuum permeability μ0＝4π×10-7H/m, conductor rotor thickness lcs6mm in terms of qiGap thickness la5mm thick permanent magnet rotord1mm, center spacing tau between adjacent permanent magnetsp78.5mm, adjacent permanent magnets spaced τ apartm＝28.5mm
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an effective magnetic potential calculation method of a permanent magnetic coupler, which comprises the following specific steps:
first step, given the equivalent simplifying assumption of calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler
The permanent magnet magnetic coupler consists of a conductor back iron 1, a conductor rotor 2, an air gap 3, a permanent magnet rotor 4 and a permanent magnet 5, wherein the conductor back iron 1 is made of iron, the conductor rotor 2 is made of copper, the air gap 3 is made of air, the permanent magnet rotor 4 is made of aluminum, the permanent magnet 5 is made of neodymium iron boron, and according to the material properties, the equivalent simplifying assumption of calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler is given as follows:
the relative permeability of the conductor back iron 1, the conductor rotor 2, the air gap 3, the permanent magnet rotor 4 and the permanent magnet 5 is set to be 1; the permanent magnet 5 is uniformly magnetized, and the hysteresis effect is ignored; the air in the air gap 3 is uniformly distributed; the leakage flux path is simplified into a straight line and a semi-circular arc; the magnetic poles N/S of the permanent magnets 5 are uniformly staggered, and manufacturing errors are ignored.
Secondly, calculating the integral upper limit and the integral lower limit of the main flux area and each leakage area of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler
Fig. 2 is a schematic geometric structure diagram of a permanent magnet magnetic coupler, based on the geometric structural features of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler, the magnetic flux path of the main magnetic flux region can be determined as permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → air gap 3 → conductor rotor 2 → conductor back iron 1 → conductor rotor 2 → air gap 3 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5; the magnetic flux path of the first leakage region is permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → air gap 3 → conductor rotor 2 → air gap 3 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5; determining the magnetic flux path of the second leakage region as permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → air gap 3 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5; the magnetic flux path of the third leakage region is determined as permanent magnet 5 → permanent magnet rotor 4 → permanent magnet 5.
Then, according to the conductor rotor thickness lcsAir gap thickness laThickness l of permanent magnet rotordThickness l of permanent magnetpmAdjacent permanent magnets center-to-center spacing τpAdjacent permanent magnets spaced by a distance τmAnd taking a small function min, and determining by an expression (1):
thirdly, calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler
According to the magnetic induction intensity H of the permanent magnetpmAnd permanent magnet thickness lpmThe initial magnetic potential F can be calculated by the formula (2)0＝22250A。
From a main flux phi0Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmThickness l of back iron of conductorbVacuum magnetic permeability mu0The integral sign d and the integral element x, and the first leakage flux guide G can be calculated by the equations (3) and (4) to be 1.42 × 10-8H。
From the first leakage flux phil1Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integral sign d and integral element x, and the first leakage flux guide G can be calculated by the equations (5) and (6)l1＝1.57×10-8H。
From the second leakage flux phil2Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integral sign d and integral element x, and the second leakage flux guide G can be calculated by the equations (7) and (8)l2＝1.39×10-8H。
From the third leakage flux phil3Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integral sign d and integral element x, and the third leakage flux guide G can be calculated by the equations (9) and (10)l3＝-9.74×10-9H。
According to the first leakage flux-guide Gl1Second leakage flux guide Gl2And a third leakage flux guide Gl3The total leakage flux guide G can be obtained by the formula (11)l＝1.99×10-8H。
Therefore, the effective magnetic potential F of the permanent magnetic coupler can be calculated by the formula (12)e＝12996A。
The effective magnetic potential calculation method for the permanent magnetic coupler can quickly and accurately realize calculation and prediction of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler, and is simple and effective, high in efficiency and short in time consumption. The design optimization of the permanent magnetic coupler in the transmission system facing the engineering field has better popularization value.
Claims (1)
1. A method for calculating the effective magnetic potential of a permanent magnetic coupler is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of firstly, giving an equivalent simplifying assumption for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler according to the attribute of the permanent magnetic coupler; then, according to the geometric structure of the permanent magnetic force coupler, a magnetic circuit model comprising a main magnetic flux region, a first leakage region, a second leakage region and a third leakage region is established, and a zero integral upper limit and a zero integral lower limit of the main magnetic flux region, a first integral upper limit and a first integral lower limit of the first leakage region, a second integral upper limit and a second integral lower limit of the second leakage region and a third integral upper limit and a third integral lower limit of the third leakage region are determined; finally, according to the magnetic circuit model, an integral equation of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler is constructed, and a calculation result of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler is obtained; the specific steps of the calculation method are as follows:
first step, given the equivalent simplifying assumption of calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler
The permanent magnet magnetic coupler consists of a conductor back iron (1), a conductor rotor (2), an air gap (3), a permanent magnet rotor (4) and a permanent magnet (5), wherein the conductor back iron (1) is made of iron, the conductor rotor (2) is made of copper, the air gap (3) is made of air, the permanent magnet rotor (4) is made of aluminum, the permanent magnet (5) is made of neodymium iron boron, and according to the material properties, the equivalent simplifying assumption for calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler is given as follows:
the relative permeability of the conductor back iron (1), the conductor rotor (2), the air gap (3), the permanent magnet rotor (4) and the permanent magnet (5) is set to be 1; the permanent magnet (5) is uniformly magnetized, and the hysteresis effect is ignored; the air in the air gap (3) is uniformly distributed; the leakage flux path is simplified into a straight line and a semi-circular arc; N/S magnetic poles of the permanent magnets (5) are uniformly staggered, and manufacturing errors are ignored;
secondly, calculating the integral upper limit and the integral lower limit of the main flux area and each leakage area of the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler
Based on the geometrical structural characteristics of the permanent magnet magnetic coupler, determining the magnetic flux path of a main magnetic flux area to be permanent magnet (5) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → air gap (3) → conductor rotor (2) → conductor back iron (1) → conductor rotor (2) → air gap (3) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → permanent magnet (5); the magnetic flux path of the first leakage region is permanent magnet (5) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → air gap (3) → conductor rotor (2) → air gap (3) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → permanent magnet (5); determining the magnetic flux path of the second leakage area to be permanent magnet (5) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → air gap (3) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → permanent magnet (5); determining a magnetic flux path of the third leakage region as permanent magnet (5) → permanent magnet rotor (4) → permanent magnet (5);
then, according to the conductor rotor thickness lcsAir gap thickness laThickness l of permanent magnet rotordThickness l of permanent magnetpmAdjacent permanent magnets center-to-center spacing τpAdjacent permanent magnets spaced by a distance τmAnd taking a small function min to determine a zeroth integral lower limit xl0Zero integral upper limit xh0First lower limit of integration xl1First upper integration limit xh1Second lower integration limit xl2Second upper integration limit xh2Third lower integration limit xl3Third upper integration limit xh3The expression is:
thirdly, calculating the effective magnetic potential of the permanent magnetic coupler
According to the law of YongMagnetic induction H of magnetpmAnd permanent magnet thickness lpmCalculating the initial magnetic potential F0Is composed of
F0＝Hpmlpm (2)
From a main flux phi0Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmThickness l of back iron of conductorbVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the first leakage area as follows:
the first leakage flux guide G is calculated as:
from the first leakage flux phil1Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the first leakage area as follows:
calculating the first leakage flux guide Gl1Comprises the following steps:
from the second leakage flux phil2Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the second leakage area as follows:
calculating the second leakage flux guide Gl2Comprises the following steps:
from the third leakage flux phil3Initial magnetic potential F0Thickness l of permanent magnetpmWidth w of permanent magnetpmVacuum magnetic permeability mu0Integrating the sign d and the integral element x to obtain a relational expression of the second leakage area as follows:
calculating the third leakage flux guide Gl3Comprises the following steps:
according to the first leakage flux-guide Gl1Second leakage flux guide Gl2And a third leakage flux guide Gl3To obtain the total leakage flux guide GlComprises the following steps:
Gl＝Gl1+Gl2+Gl3 (11)
finally calculating the effective magnetic potential F of the permanent magnetic couplereComprises the following steps:
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