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CN112161196A - 一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112161196A
CN112161196A CN202010959819.6A CN202010959819A CN112161196A CN 112161196 A CN112161196 A CN 112161196A CN 202010959819 A CN202010959819 A CN 202010959819A CN 112161196 A CN112161196 A CN 112161196A
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
seawater
land
cell device
offshore wind
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CN202010959819.6A
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Inventor
朱嵘华
王恒丰
涂智圣
刘寒秋
孙香
徐清富
陈佩玲
周婷
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Priority to CN202010959819.6A priority Critical patent/CN112161196A/zh
Publication of CN112161196A publication Critical patent/CN112161196A/zh
Priority to US17/243,572 priority patent/US20220081781A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
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    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于海上风电领域，具体涉及一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法，包括风力发电机、海水电解池装置以及氢气输送单元，所述风力发电机用以将风能转化为电能，所述海水电解池装置用以利用风力发电机供应的电能对海水进行电解，所述氢气输送单元用以将海水电解池装置制得的氢气输送至陆地。本发明将海上风电与海水制氢相结合，充分利用海上风电场的资源优势，降低海水制氢成本，最后将实现海上绿色风能、海水制氢协调发展。

Description

一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法
技术领域
本发明属于海上风电领域，具体涉及一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法。
背景技术
海上风电作为一种可再生能源近些年来发展速度十分迅猛。海上风电场离岸距离一般大于10公里，场区内不仅有丰富的风资源，还有充沛的海水资源待人类开发利用。
电解水制氢技术由来已久，其将水电解生成氢气与氧气，氢气是地球上已知的能量密度最高的物质，燃烧不排放二氧化碳，能够缓解全球变暖问题，是未来清洁能源的解决方案之一，现有电解水的技术大都基于纯水，且基本上在陆地上完成，而超过95%的地球水资源——海水则少有关注，另一方面，电解水制氢技术需要持续的电能供应，若在海上电解制氢，电源供应将是一个很大的问题。
基于上述问题，本申请提出的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法，其能够利用充沛的海水资源进行电解制氢，还能解决电解过程中的电力供应难题。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统及方法技术方案。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于包括
风力发电机，所述风力发电机用以将风能转化为电能；
海水电解池装置，所述海水电解池装置用以利用风力发电机供应的电能对海水进行电解；以及
氢气输送单元，所述氢气输送单元用以将海水电解池装置制得的氢气输送至陆地。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述氢气输送单元包括大型储氢罐和运输船，所述大型储氢罐用以储存氢气，所述运输船用以对大型储氢罐的氢气进行定期抽取并将氢气输送至陆地。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述氢气输送单元包括海上升压站、输电路线和氢气输送管道，所述海上升压站用以对风力发电机传输来的电流进行升压，所述输电路线用以对风力发电机产生的电能进行输送，所述氢气输送管道用以输送氢气，氢气输送管道与输电路线配合连接，两者共同铺设。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述输电路线为海底电缆。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述氢气输送单元包括多个小型储氢罐和运输船，所述小型储氢罐用以储存氢气，所述运输船用以将小型储氢罐运送至陆地。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于包括：
S1：通过风力发电机将风能转化为电能；
S2：通过海水电解池装置对海水进行电解，制得氢气，海水电解池装置所需的电能由风力发电机供应；
S3：将制得的氢气输送至陆地。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述S3的具体操作为：先将海水电解池装置制得的氢气储存于大型储氢罐，再由运输船对大型储氢罐的氢气进行定期抽取并将氢气输送至陆地。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述S3的具体操作为：一方面通过输电路线将风力发电机产生的电能输送至陆地并通过海上升压站对电流进行升压，另一方面通过与输电路线一同铺设并配合连接的氢气输送管道将氢气输送至陆地。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述输电路线为海底电缆。
所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述S3的具体操作为：先将海水电解池装置制得的氢气储存于小型储氢罐，再由运输船将小型储氢罐运送至陆地。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明将海上风电与海水制氢相结合，充分利用海上风电场的资源优势，降低海水制氢成本，最后将实现海上绿色风能、海水制氢协调发展。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的海水制氢输送系统结构示意图；
图2为实施例2的海水制氢输送系统结构示意图；
图3为实施例3的海水制氢输送系统结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，包括风力发电机1、海水电解池装置2以及氢气输送单元，所述风力发电机1用以将风能转化为电能，所述海水电解池装置2用以利用风力发电机1供应的电能对海水进行电解，所述氢气输送单元用以将海水电解池装置2制得的氢气输送至陆地。具体地，所述氢气输送单元包括大型储氢罐3和运输船8，所述大型储氢罐3用以储存氢气，所述运输船8用以对大型储氢罐3的氢气进行定期抽取并将氢气输送至陆地。其中，大型储氢罐3的底部通过桩基础架设于海床上，输送船8上具有用于储氢的罐子。
一种上述海水制氢输送系统的制氢输送方法，包括：
S1：通过风力发电机1将风能转化为电能；
S2：通过海水电解池装置2对海水进行电解，制得氢气，海水电解池装置2所需的电能由风力发电机1供应；
S3：将制得的氢气输送至陆地。
对S1的进一步说明：风力发电机1将风能转换为电能，其电能大部分输送至陆地电网，另外可将一小部分电能供给海水电解池装置2用电，
对S2的进一步说明：在风电场合适位置安装一海水电解池装置2，此海水电解池装置2从周围海域中抽取海水储存在电解池中，海水电解池装置2将储存于其内的海水电解为氢气与氧气，氢气可输送至陆地，供人类用于燃料等用途。
所述S3的具体操作为：先将海水电解池装置2制得的氢气压缩储存于大型储氢罐3，再由运输船8对大型储氢罐3的氢气进行定期抽取并将氢气输送至陆地。
与传统电解制氢方法相比，本实施例的优点及创新点如下：
1.在海上安装海水电解池装置2进行电解制氢，可解决陆地上电解制氢的淡水缺乏之问题，充分利用海洋中充沛的水资源。
2.利用风力发电机1产生的电能电解海水，可解决海上电解海水制氢的供能问题。
3.利用大型储氢罐3预先储存氢气，再通过运输船8将氢气送到陆地，这种运输方式可操作性强，储氢方便。
4.将海上风电技术与海水制氢技术相结合，极大地推动了绿色能源发展，为节能减排贡献了一份力量。
5.后期运维可对风电系统与海水制氢系统同时检修，提供了运维效率，节约了运维成本。
实施例2
如图2所示：一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，包括风力发电机1、海水电解池装置2以及氢气输送单元，所述风力发电机1用以将风能转化为电能，所述海水电解池装置2用以利用风力发电机1供应的电能对海水进行电解，所述氢气输送单元用以将海水电解池装置2制得的氢气输送至陆地。具体地，所述氢气输送单元包括海上升压站4、输电路线7和氢气输送管道5，所述海上升压站4用以对风力发电机1传输来的电流进行升压，所述输电路线7用以对风力发电机1产生的电能进行输送，所述氢气输送管道5用以输送氢气，氢气输送管道5与输电路线7配合连接，两者共同铺设，其中，所述输电路线7为海底电缆。
一种上述海水制氢输送系统的制氢输送方法，包括：
S1：通过风力发电机1将风能转化为电能；
S2：通过海水电解池装置2对海水进行电解，制得氢气，海水电解池装置2所需的电能由风力发电机1供应；
S3：将制得的氢气输送至陆地。
对S1的进一步说明：风力发电机1将风能转换为电能，其电能大部分输送至陆地电网，另外可将一小部分电能供给海水电解池装置2用电，
对S2的进一步说明：在风电场合适位置安装一海水电解池装置2，此海水电解池装置2从周围海域中抽取海水储存在电解池中，海水电解池装置2将储存于其内的海水电解为氢气与氧气，氢气可输送至陆地，供人类用于燃料等用途。
所述S3的具体操作为：一方面通过输电路线7将风力发电机1产生的电能输送至陆地并通过海上升压站4对电流进行升压，另一方面通过与输电路线7一同铺设并配合连接的氢气输送管道5将氢气输送至陆地，输电路线7为海底电缆，海底电缆与氢气输送管道5一起捆扎。
对S3的进一步说明：氢气输送管道5采用风电场原有的输电路线7，可节约氢气远距离输送成本。海底电缆工程被世界各国公认为复杂困难的大型工程,从环境探测、海洋物理调查,以及电缆的设计、制造和安装,都应用复杂技术，在施工前期，需要进行海洋地理勘测，提前规划出合适的海底电缆铺设路线，以避开船舶作业频繁区，防止船锚抛下时对海缆造成损伤，还要避开海底地形复杂的区域，以减少施工难度，在施工的最后阶段，主要是对海底电缆进行深埋保护，减小复杂的海洋环境对海底电缆的影响，保证运行安全。在沙地及淤泥区，用高压冲水产生一条约2米深的沟槽，将电缆埋入其中，旁边的沙土将其覆盖；在珊瑚礁及粘土区，用切割机切割一条0．6－1.2米深的沟槽，把电缆埋入沟槽，自然回填形成保护；在坚硬岩石区，需在电缆上覆盖水泥盖板等硬质物体实施保护，海底电缆、管道的路由调查、勘测和铺设、维修、拆除等施工作业，不得妨害海上正常秩序，海底电缆铺设需要专用的铺设船舶，铺设成本昂贵，35KV的海底电缆，每公里造价是30-35万左右，相比海底电缆，海底氢气管道直径更大，施工将更加困难，如果单独铺设，其成本将远远高于海底电缆的铺设成本，而在本实施例中，将氢气输送管道5与风电场原有的海底电缆一起铺设，可以共用一条铺设船，同时省去了氢气管路前期勘察成本，施工后期将氢气输送管道5与海底电缆一起深埋保护，这将大大节省氢气输送管路的铺设成本。
与传统电解制氢方法相比，本实施例的优点及创新点如下：
1.在海上安装海水电解池装置2进行电解制氢，可解决陆地上电解制氢的淡水缺乏之问题，充分利用海洋中充沛的水资源。
2.利用风力发电机1产生的电能电解海水，可解决海上电解海水制氢的供能问题。
3.利用现有的海上升压站4管道路线进行氢气输送，可节约氢气远距离输送成本，利用海上风场的现有资源为海水制氢提供技术支持。
4.将海上风电技术与海水制氢技术相结合，极大地推动了绿色能源发展，为节能减排贡献了一份力量。
5.后期运维可对风电系统与海水制氢系统同时检修，提供了运维效率，节约了运维成本。
实施例3
如图3所示，一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，包括风力发电机1、海水电解池装置2以及氢气输送单元，所述风力发电机1用以将风能转化为电能，所述海水电解池装置2用以利用风力发电机1供应的电能对海水进行电解，所述氢气输送单元用以将海水电解池装置2制得的氢气输送至陆地。具体地，所述氢气输送单元包括多个小型储氢罐6和运输船8，所述小型储氢罐6用以储存氢气，所述运输船8用以将小型储氢罐6运送至陆地。其中，小型储氢罐6放置于海上平台上，输送船8上具有用于储氢的罐子。
一种上述海水制氢输送系统的制氢输送方法，包括：
S1：通过风力发电机1将风能转化为电能；
S2：通过海水电解池装置2对海水进行电解，制得氢气，海水电解池装置2所需的电能由风力发电机1供应；
S3：将制得的氢气输送至陆地。
对S1的进一步说明：风力发电机1将风能转换为电能，其电能大部分输送至陆地电网，另外可将一小部分电能供给海水电解池装置2用电，
对S2的进一步说明：在风电场合适位置安装一海水电解池装置2，此海水电解池装置2从周围海域中抽取海水储存在电解池中，海水电解池装置2将储存于其内的海水电解为氢气与氧气，氢气可输送至陆地，供人类用于燃料等用途。
所述S3的具体操作为：海上平台可以放置很多小型储氢罐6，先将海水电解池装置2制得的氢气储存于小型储氢罐6，等到大部分小型储氢罐6都存满氢气后，再由运输船8将小型储氢罐6运送至陆地，实施例3相较于实施例1可以省去运输船8抽取氢气的步骤，提高了运输效率。
与传统电解制氢方法相比，本实施例的优点及创新点如下：
1.在海上安装海水电解池装置2进行电解制氢，可解决陆地上电解制氢的淡水缺乏之问题，充分利用海洋中充沛的水资源。
2.利用风力发电机1产生的电能电解海水，可解决海上电解海水制氢的供能问题。
3.利用小型储氢罐6储存氢气，再通过运输船8将小型储氢罐6输送至陆地，这种输送方式省去了运输船8抽取氢气的步骤，可提高运输效率。
4.将海上风电技术与海水制氢技术相结合，极大地推动了绿色能源发展，为节能减排贡献了一份力量。
5.后期运维可对风电系统与海水制氢系统同时检修，提供了运维效率，节约了运维成本。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于包括
风力发电机（1），所述风力发电机（1）用以将风能转化为电能；
海水电解池装置（2），所述海水电解池装置（2）用以利用风力发电机（1）供应的电能对海水进行电解；以及
氢气输送单元，所述氢气输送单元用以将海水电解池装置（2）制得的氢气输送至陆地。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述氢气输送单元包括大型储氢罐（3）和运输船（8），所述大型储氢罐（3）用以储存氢气，所述运输船（8）用以对大型储氢罐（3）的氢气进行定期抽取并将氢气输送至陆地。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述氢气输送单元包括海上升压站（4）、输电路线（7）和氢气输送管道（5），所述海上升压站（4）用以对风力发电机（1）传输来的电流进行升压，所述输电路线（7）用以对风力发电机（1）产生的电能进行输送，所述氢气输送管道（5）用以输送氢气，氢气输送管道（5）与输电路线（7）配合连接，两者共同铺设。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述输电路线（7）为海底电缆。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送系统，其特征在于所述氢气输送单元包括多个小型储氢罐（6）和运输船（8），所述小型储氢罐（6）用以储存氢气，所述运输船（8）用以将小型储氢罐（6）运送至陆地。
6.一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于包括：
S1：通过风力发电机（1）将风能转化为电能；
S2：通过海水电解池装置（2）对海水进行电解，制得氢气，海水电解池装置（2）所需的电能由风力发电机（1）供应；
S3：将制得的氢气输送至陆地。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述S3的具体操作为：先将海水电解池装置（2）制得的氢气储存于大型储氢罐（3），再由运输船（8）对大型储氢罐（3）的氢气进行定期抽取并将氢气输送至陆地。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述S3的具体操作为：一方面通过输电路线（7）将风力发电机（1）产生的电能输送至陆地并通过海上升压站（4）对电流进行升压，另一方面通过与输电路线（7）一同铺设并配合连接的氢气输送管道（5）将氢气输送至陆地。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述输电路线（7）为海底电缆。
10.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于现有海上风电场的海水制氢输送方法，其特征在于所述S3的具体操作为：先将海水电解池装置（2）制得的氢气储存于小型储氢罐（6），再由运输船（8）将小型储氢罐（6）运送至陆地。
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