CN112143853B - Splash forecasting and splash pressing method and system in AOD furnace smelting process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting equipment, and particularly relates to a splash forecasting and splash suppressing system in an AOD furnace smelting process, which comprises the following steps: laser range finder, top rifle, splash inhibitor add mechanism, end rifle and industrial control computer, the laser range finder is fixed in the fire door top by the support, the laser range finder passes through the data line with the industrial control computer and is connected, the top rifle is double-deck sleeve pipe, the outer bushing water-cooling mechanism of top rifle. The method and the system for forecasting the splashing and suppressing the splashing in the smelting process of the AOD furnace realize the automatic forecasting of the splashing in the smelting process of the AOD furnace and automatically realize the operation of suppressing the splashing; the loss caused by splashing accidents in the smelting process of the AOD furnace is reduced, the working environment of workers is improved, the automatic control degree for smelting low-carbon alloy is practically improved, the reliability is high, and the practical effect is obvious.

Description

A method and system for splatter prediction and splatter suppression in AOD furnace smelting process

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of smelting equipment, and in particular relates to a method and system for splatter prediction and splatter suppression in the smelting process of an AOD furnace.

Background technique

Splashing is a production accident in the smelting process of AOD furnace. The main reasons for splashing include the instantaneous rise of molten pool temperature, serious foaming of slag, and anti-drying of slag. When splashing occurs, the molten liquid level rises, and the slag and molten liquid will overflow the furnace mouth, causing metal loss, damage to the furnace body and accessories, and even explosion and endangering personal safety. Therefore, suppressing splashing is an urgent problem to be solved in the smelting process of AOD furnace.

The authorized patent application (201010139873.2) provides a control method for preventing splashing during the refining of ferrochromium with nitrogen oxides. The method indirectly estimates the content of chromium trioxide in the slag liquid by detecting the temperature difference between the surface of the slag liquid and the molten liquid in the furnace, and controls the height of the top gun and the ratio of high-pressure nitrogen or nitrogen to oxygen according to the quantified interval of the temperature difference between the slag and the molten liquid To adjust the oxidation rate of carbon and the content of chromium trioxide in the slag, when the temperature difference exceeds the critical value, the pressure spray or auxiliary materials to improve the fluidity of the slag are poured into the furnace through the feeding motor, so as to realize the control of preventing splashing .

The authorized patent application (201310449621.3) provides a method for predicting sputtering in the production process of nitrogen-oxygen refining of low-carbon ferrochromium. Aiming at the production process of low carbon ferrochromium in nitrogen-oxygen refining, through the multi-information fusion processing of vibration signal, audio signal and flame image signal in the furnace, the splash signal is indirectly predicted, and certain results have been achieved.

To sum up, the sputtering prediction method currently adopted by metallurgical enterprises is indirect prediction through furnace temperature information, furnace flame image, smelting sound, furnace vibration and other information. This indirect prediction method has complex algorithms and low accuracy. Disadvantages: The method of suppressing splashing adopted by metallurgical enterprises is mainly by adjusting the blowing height and flow rate of the top gun and pouring splash inhibitor into the molten pool by using feeding equipment. When suppressing the splash, the area where the splash inhibitor falls and the area in contact with the air flow of the top gun react faster, while other areas react slowly. This method of splash suppression has the disadvantages of uneven suppression and untimely splash suppression. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a more accurate splash prediction method and a faster and more effective splash suppression method to reduce or even eliminate the damage caused by the splash.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of splash prediction and splash suppression method and system in the smelting process of AOD furnace, realize the automatic prediction of splash in the smelting process of AOD furnace, and automatically realize the operation of suppressing splash; The loss caused by the splash accident improves the working environment of workers, and effectively improves the automatic control degree of smelting low-carbon alloys, with high reliability and obvious practical effect.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A method and system for splatter prediction and splatter suppression in the smelting process of an AOD furnace, comprising: a laser range finder, a top gun, a sputter inhibitor adding mechanism, a bottom gun and an industrial control computer, the laser range finder is composed of The bracket is fixed above the furnace mouth, the laser rangefinder is connected with the industrial control computer through a data cable, the top gun is a double-layer casing, the outer casing of the top gun is connected to the water cooling mechanism, and the inner sleeve of the top gun is connected to the water cooling mechanism. The pipe is switched by a first automatic control valve connected to the oxygen pipeline and a second automatic control valve connected to the nitrogen pipeline to switch the type of gas to be sprayed. The gun is a double-layer casing, the inner casing of the bottom gun is regulated by the third automatic control valve connected to the oxygen pipeline to adjust the flow rate of blowing oxygen, and the outer casing of the bottom gun is connected by the fourth automatic control valve of the nitrogen pipeline. To adjust the flow of nitrogen blowing, the industrial control computer is respectively connected with the first automatic control valve, the second automatic control valve, the third automatic control valve and the fourth automatic control valve, and the industrial control computer can respectively control the opening of each valve. The first gas flow sensor is installed on the top gas supply pipeline, the second gas flow sensor is installed on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline, and the third gas flow sensor is installed on the bottom nitrogen supply pipeline. The industrial control computer is respectively connected with the first gas flow sensor, the second gas flow sensor and the third gas flow sensor;

The laser range finder can directly monitor the liquid level value of the melt in the AOD furnace through the through hole on the furnace cover, and the liquid level signal of the melt is transmitted to the industrial control computer, and the industrial control computer receives the measured value of the laser range finder. The liquid level value of the molten metal, according to the liquid level value to determine whether splashing occurs, when no splashing occurs, the first automatic control valve is opened, and the second automatic control valve is closed, and the top gun sprays oxygen. When splashing occurs , the industrial control computer issues an execution command, the position adjuster adjusts the height of the top gun, closes the first automatic control valve, opens the second automatic control valve, starts the splash inhibitor powder adding mechanism, and pushes the splash inhibitor powder into the top air supply pipeline , the spray inhibitor powder is sprayed into the molten pool from the top gun with the nitrogen flow, and the opening of the third automatic control valve and the fourth automatic control valve is adjusted to weaken the oxidation reaction in the furnace, reduce the temperature of the molten pool, and reduce the furnace mouth. The amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen that escaped.

A sputter prediction and sputter suppression method for smelting low-carbon alloys in an AOD furnace is as follows:

S1: Detect the liquid level value of the melt:

The laser range finder is fixedly installed above the furnace mouth through the bracket, and holes are opened on the furnace cover, so that the emission and return paths of the laser range finder are unobstructed, and the liquid level value of the melt in the furnace can be accurately detected;

S2: Process the liquid level value signal:

The information of the liquid level value in the AOD furnace detected by the laser distance meter is transmitted to the industrial control computer, and the industrial control computer compares the detected liquid level value with the set alarm value to determine whether splashing occurs;

S3: Suppressed Splash:

When the molten liquid level detected by the laser range finder exceeds the set alarm value, the industrial control computer determines that the splash accident has occurred, issues a control command to suppress the splash, closes the first automatic control valve connected to the oxygen pipeline, and opens the connection to nitrogen. The second automatic control valve of the pipeline; drive the position regulator to adjust the top gun to the position of suppressing the splash; drive the splash inhibitor adding mechanism to push the splash inhibitor powder into the top air supply pipeline; close the bottom oxygen supply pipe The third automatic control valve on the road stops blowing oxygen, and adjusts the fourth automatic control valve on the nitrogen supply pipeline at the bottom, so that the nitrogen flow rate blown into the bottom gun is adjusted to the lowest value.

As a preferred solution of the method and system for splatter prediction and splatter suppression in the smelting process of the AOD furnace according to the present invention, the initial liquid level value is 0.65m detected in the step S1.

As a preferred solution of the method and system for splatter prediction and splatter suppression in the smelting process of the AOD furnace according to the present invention, wherein: the alarm value in the step S2 is set to 1.5m.

As a preferred solution of the sputter prediction and sputter suppression method and system in the smelting process of the AOD furnace of the present invention, wherein: in the step S3, the top lance is blown into a nitrogen flow rate of 850 m ³ /h, and the top lance is inserted into the The furnace mouth is 0.2m, the splash inhibitor powder is pushed into the top gun pipeline at a speed of 0.5t/h, and the nitrogen flow rate of the bottom gun is adjusted to 30m ³ /h.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: according to the phenomenon that the liquid level of the molten metal in the molten pool rises instantaneously when the splash occurs, a laser range finder is used to monitor the liquid level of the molten liquid in real time. When the liquid level of the molten liquid rises too fast and exceeds the alarm At altitude, a splash warning signal is issued. According to the cause of the splash, the spray suppression is carried out from several aspects. First, the top gun sprays nitrogen to cool the molten pool. Second, the top gun nitrogen flow brings the splash inhibitor powder to make the splash inhibitor widely available. It reacts quickly with the surface of the melt to suppress the splash. Third, the gas supply strength of the bottom gun is weakened and the gas escaping from the furnace is reduced. The smelting process of AOD furnace automatically predicts splashing and automatically realizes the suppression of splashing operation; it reduces the loss of splashing accidents in the smelting process of AOD furnace, improves the working environment of workers, and effectively improves the degree of automatic control of smelting low-carbon alloys. High reliability and obvious practical effect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the forecasting splashing and pressing splashing system for smelting low carbon alloys in the AOD furnace according to the present invention.

In the picture: 1 laser rangefinder, 2 top gun, 3 splash inhibitor adding mechanism, 4 bottom gun, 5 industrial control computer, 6 bracket, 7 furnace cover, 8 AOD furnace, 9 water cooling mechanism, 10 oxygen pipeline, 11 The first automatic control valve, 12 nitrogen gas pipeline, 13 second automatic control valve, 14 position regulator, 15 third automatic control valve, 16 fourth automatic control valve, 17 top gas supply pipeline, 18 bottom oxygen supply pipeline, 19 Bottom nitrogen supply pipeline, 20 first gas flow sensor, 21 second gas flow sensor, 22 third gas flow sensor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The invention provides a splash prediction and splash suppression system in the smelting process of the AOD furnace, realizes the automatic prediction of splash in the smelting process of the AOD furnace 8, and automatically realizes the suppression of splash operation; and reduces the splash accident in the smelting process of the AOD furnace 8 The loss caused, the working environment of workers has been improved, and the degree of automatic control of smelting low-carbon alloys has been effectively improved. It has high reliability and obvious practical effects. Please refer to Figure 1, including: laser rangefinder 1, top gun 2, spray gun Splash inhibitor adding mechanism 3, bottom gun 4 and industrial control computer 5;

Please refer to FIG. 1 again, the laser range finder 1 is fixed above the furnace mouth by the bracket 6, the laser range finder 1 is connected with the industrial control computer 5 through a data cable, and the top gun 2 is a double-layer casing, The outer casing of the top gun 2 is connected to the water cooling mechanism 9, and the inner casing of the top gun 2 is switched by the first automatic control valve 11 connecting the oxygen pipeline 10 and the second automatic control valve 13 connecting the nitrogen pipeline 12. The type of gas to be blown, the feeding port of the spray inhibitor adding mechanism 3 is connected to the top air supply pipeline 17, the bottom gun 4 is a double-layer casing, and the inner casing of the bottom gun 4 is connected to the oxygen pipeline 10. The third automatic control valve 15 adjusts the flow rate of blowing oxygen, the outer casing of the bottom gun 4 is regulated by the fourth automatic control valve 16 connected to the nitrogen pipeline 12, and the flow rate of blowing nitrogen is regulated by the industrial control computer 5 and the first automatic control valve 12. The control valve 11, the second automatic control valve 13, the third automatic control valve 15 and the fourth automatic control valve 16 are respectively connected, and the industrial control computer 5 can respectively control the opening of each valve, thereby controlling the flow rate of the blown gas, The first gas flow sensor 20 is installed on the top gas supply pipeline 17, the second gas flow sensor 21 is installed on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline 18, and the third gas flow sensor 22 is installed on the bottom nitrogen supply pipeline 19. The industrial control computer 5 is connected with the first gas flow sensor 20, the second gas flow sensor 21 and the third gas flow sensor 22 respectively; the industrial control computer 5 is connected with the first gas flow sensor 19, the second gas flow sensor 20, the third gas flow The sensor 21 and the fourth gas flow sensor 22 are respectively connected, and the industrial control computer 5 can respectively receive the gas flow value detected by each gas flow sensor;

The laser range finder 1 can directly monitor the liquid level value of the molten liquid in the AOD furnace 8 through the through hole on the furnace cover 7, and the liquid level signal of the molten liquid is transmitted to the industrial control computer 5, and the industrial control computer 5 receives the laser light. The liquid level value of the molten metal measured by the distance meter 1 is used to judge whether splashing occurs according to the liquid level value. When no splashing occurs, the first automatic control valve 11 is opened, and the second automatic control valve 13 is closed. The top gun 2 Oxygen is sprayed, when splashing occurs, the industrial control computer 5 issues an execution command, the position regulator 14 adjusts the height of the top gun 2, closes the first automatic control valve 11, opens the second automatic control valve 13, and starts the spray to suppress the powder The adding mechanism 3 pushes the spray inhibitor powder into the top gas supply pipeline 17, and the spray inhibitor powder is sprayed into the molten pool from the top gun 2 along with the nitrogen flow, and the third automatic control valve 15 and the fourth automatic control valve 16 are adjusted. The opening degree can weaken the oxidation reaction in the furnace, reduce the temperature of the molten pool, and reduce the amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen escaping from the furnace mouth.

The above-mentioned industrial control computer 5 is an assembly of existing accessories, so the specific model is not further described.

The predicted splashing and splashing suppressing methods for smelting low-carbon alloys in the AOD furnace of the present invention are as follows:

1. Detect the liquid level value of the melt:

The laser distance meter 1 is fixedly installed above the furnace mouth through the bracket 6, and a hole is opened on the furnace cover, so that the emission and return paths of the laser distance meter 1 are not blocked, and the liquid level value of the melt in the furnace can be accurately detected.

2. Process the liquid level value signal:

The liquid level value information in the AOD furnace 8 detected by the laser distance meter 1 is transmitted to the industrial control computer 5, and the industrial control computer 5 compares the detected liquid level value with the set alarm value to determine whether splashing occurs.

3. Suppressing splash:

When the molten liquid level detected by the laser distance meter 1 exceeds the set alarm value, the industrial control computer 5 determines that a splash accident occurs, issues a control instruction to suppress the splash, and closes the first automatic control valve 11 connected to the oxygen pipeline 10 , open the second automatic control valve 13 connected to the nitrogen pipeline 12; drive the position regulator, adjust the top gun 2 to the position of suppressing the splash; drive the splash inhibitor adding mechanism 3, push the splash inhibitor powder into the top for supply Air pipeline 17; close the third automatic control valve 15 on the oxygen supply pipeline 18 at the bottom, stop blowing oxygen, adjust the fourth automatic control valve 16 on the nitrogen supply pipeline 19 at the bottom, and adjust the flow rate of nitrogen blown into the bottom gun 4 to minimum value.

The forecast sputtering and pressing sputtering system for smelting low carbon alloys in the AOD furnace 8 provided by the present invention is applied to the AOD furnace 8 with a production capacity of 5 tons, the diameter of the furnace body is 1.2 m, the inner cavity of the furnace is 2 m high, and the volume ratio is 0.9 ^m /t. The carbon content was 8.2% wt, the chromium content was 68.1% wt, the sulfur content was 2.5% wt, the silicon content was 1.7% wt%, the phosphorus content was 5.1% wt%, and the initial temperature was about 3t high at 1450°C The carbon ferrochrome melt is poured into the AOD furnace 8, and the predicted splashing and the suppressing splashing method for smelting low carbon alloys in the AOD furnace provided by the present invention are used to carry out the predicted splashing and suppressing the splashing.

The method for predicting splashing and suppressing splashing in AOD furnace smelting low carbon alloy provided by the present invention is as follows:

1. Detect the liquid level value of the melt:

The laser distance meter 1 is fixedly installed above the furnace mouth through the bracket 6, and a hole is opened on the furnace cover, so that the emission and return paths of the laser distance meter 1 are not blocked, and the liquid level value of the melt in the furnace can be accurately detected. Detect the initial liquid level value of 0.65m.

2. Process the liquid level value signal:

The liquid level value information in the AOD furnace 8 detected by the laser distance meter 1 is transmitted to the industrial control computer 5, and the industrial control computer 5 compares the detected liquid level value with the set alarm value, and the alarm value is set to 1.5m.

3. Suppressing splash:

When the molten liquid level detected by the laser range finder 1 exceeds the set alarm value, the industrial control computer 5 determines that a splash accident occurs, issues a control command to suppress the splash, and closes the first automatic control valve 11 connected to the oxygen pipeline 10 , open the second automatic control valve 13 connected to the nitrogen pipeline 12, the top gun 2 is blown into the nitrogen flow rate of 850m ³ /h; the position regulator is driven, the top gun 2 is adjusted to the suppression spray position, and the top gun 2 is inserted into the furnace mouth 0.2 m; drive the spray inhibitor adding mechanism 3, push the spray inhibitor powder into the top air supply line 17, and the spray inhibitor powder is pushed into the top air supply line 17 at a speed of 0.5t/h, and the spray inhibitor powder is pushed into the top air supply line 17 through the top gun 2 The nitrogen flow is sprayed into the molten pool; the third automatic control valve 15 on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline 18 is closed, the oxygen blowing is stopped, the fourth automatic control valve 16 on the bottom nitrogen supply pipeline 19 is adjusted, and the bottom gun 4 is blown into nitrogen The flow rate was adjusted to 30m ³ /h.

4. Operation after pressing and splashing:

The laser distance meter 1 detects the liquid level value information in the AOD furnace 8 in real time, and transmits the liquid level information to the industrial control computer 5. The industrial control computer 5 compares the detected liquid level value with the set alarm value. When the liquid level is low When the alarm value is reached, the industrial control computer 5 determines to release the splash alarm, and issues an instruction to restart the smelting operation:

Open the first automatic control valve 11 connected to the oxygen pipeline 10, close the second automatic control valve 13 connected to the nitrogen pipeline 12; drive the position regulator 14 to adjust the top gun 2 to the smelting position; close the sputter inhibitor adding mechanism 3; Open the third automatic control valve 15 on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline 18, adjust the fourth automatic control valve 16 on the bottom nitrogen supply pipeline 19, and make the flow rate and The proportions meet the smelting requirements.

Implementation Example In the process of suppressing the splash, it took 3 minutes from the occurrence of the splash alarm to the release of the splash alarm, the consumption of nitrogen was 44.3M ³ , and the consumption of the splash inhibitor was 25Kg.

The working principle of the system and method of the present invention is as follows:

1. The AOD furnace 8 uses the top lance 2 to supply oxygen and the bottom lance 4 to supply the mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen to smelt low carbon alloys. The oxygen blown into the molten pool by the top gun 2 and the bottom gun 4 undergoes oxidation reaction with the elements in the molten metal, and releases heat while decarburizing. The main oxidation reactions that take place in the molten pool are:

Cr ₂ O ₃ +3C→2Cr+3CO↑

FeO+C→Fe+CO↑

From the reaction principle, it can be seen that the process of smelting low carbon alloy in AOD furnace 8 is a competitive redox reaction between elements. The carbon monoxide produced by oxidation escapes from the furnace mouth in the form of gas. The nitrogen gas blown into the bottom gun 4 is used to mix the molten liquid evenly, so that the oxidation reaction can be carried out uniformly. When the carbon monoxide generated by the redox reaction in the molten pool and the nitrogen used for mixing cannot escape from the furnace mouth in time, large boiling occurs in the molten pool, or the thickness of the slag increases, so that the slag and molten liquid splash out of the furnace mouth, resulting in a splash accident.

2. There are many reasons for the occurrence of splashing, including: first, the slag produced by the low content of chromium trioxide in the slag is dehydrated, causing metallic splashing; second, the slag is too low in alkalinity to cause slag foam The foamy splash caused by the serious melting; third, the splash caused by the excessive temperature difference between the slag and the melt. No matter what the cause of the splash, there is a significant feature, that is, the liquid level in the molten pool rises rapidly.

The laser distance meter 1, which can be used for high-temperature molten metal, is used to detect the liquid level value of the molten metal in the molten pool. The real-time detection accuracy of the laser distance meter 1 is 1 mm, and the effective measurement distance is 0.1-100 meters, which can realize accurate long-distance measurement. The liquid level in the molten pool changes, the laser distance meter 1 is equipped with a data communication interface, which can communicate with the industrial computer 5 remotely.

3. The industrial control computer 5 compares the received liquid level data in the AOD furnace 8 with the alarm value. When the liquid level value exceeds the alarm value, a command to suppress splashing is issued. The monitoring interface is compiled through the installed configuration software, which can monitor the smelting process intuitively. liquid level status.

4. The industrial control computer 5 issues a control command for suppressing the splash, and performs the following operations:

Close the first automatic control valve 11 connected to the oxygen pipeline 10, open the second automatic control valve 13 connected to the nitrogen pipeline 12, so that the top gun 2 is sprayed with nitrogen to cool the molten pool; Adjust to the position of suppressing the splash; drive the splash inhibitor adding mechanism 3 to push the splash inhibitor powder into the top gas supply pipeline 17, and the splash inhibitor powder is sprayed into the molten pool from the top gun 2 along with the nitrogen flow and mixed with The slag reacts rapidly to suppress splashing; close the third automatic control valve 15 on the oxygen supply pipeline 18 at the bottom, and adjust the fourth automatic control valve 16 on the nitrogen supply pipeline 19 at the bottom to make the bottom gun 4 blow the lowest nitrogen flow rate , weaken the oxidation reaction in the furnace, reduce the temperature of the molten pool, and reduce the amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen escaping from the furnace mouth.

5. When the value of the liquid level in the molten pool detected by the laser range finder 1 is lower than the alarm value, the industrial control computer 5 issues an instruction to close the splash inhibitor adding mechanism 3, close the second automatic control valve 13, and open the first Automatically control the valve 11 and adjust the oxygen flow, so that the top gun 2 resumes blowing oxygen decarburization; adjust the opening of the third automatic control valve 15, adjust the opening of the fourth automatic control valve 16, and make the bottom gun 4 resume blowing the mixed gas decarburization. carbon.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for parts thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various features in the disclosed embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other in any way, and the description of these combinations is not exhaustive in this specification. For the sake of omitting space and saving resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. the splash forecast and splash suppression system of a kind of AOD furnace smelting process, it is characterized in that, comprise: laser range finder (1), top gun (2), splash inhibitor adding mechanism (3), bottom gun (4) and an industrial control computer (5), the laser distance meter (1) is fixed above the furnace mouth by a bracket (6), and the laser distance meter (1) and the industrial control computer (5) pass through a data cable Connection, the top gun (2) is a double-layer casing, the outer casing of the top gun (2) is connected to the water cooling mechanism (9), and the inner casing of the top gun (2) is connected by the oxygen pipeline (10). ) of the first automatic control valve (11) and the second automatic control valve (13) connected to the nitrogen pipeline (12) to switch the type of gas to be sprayed, and the feeding port of the spray inhibitor adding mechanism (3) is connected to the top The air supply pipeline (17), the bottom gun (4) is a double-layer casing, and the inner casing of the bottom gun (4) is adjusted to blow by a third automatic control valve (15) connected to the oxygen pipeline (10). The flow rate of oxygen, the outer casing of the bottom gun (4) is adjusted by the fourth automatic control valve (16) connected to the nitrogen pipeline (12) to adjust the flow rate of nitrogen blowing, the industrial control computer (5) and the first automatic control The valve (11), the second automatic control valve (13), the third automatic control valve (15) and the fourth automatic control valve (16) are respectively connected, and the industrial control computer (5) can respectively control the opening of each valve , so as to control the flow rate of the blown gas, the first gas flow sensor (20) is installed on the top air supply pipeline (17), the second gas flow sensor (21) is installed on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline (18), and the third gas flow sensor (20) is installed on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline (18). The flow sensor (22) is installed on the bottom nitrogen supply pipeline (19), and the industrial control computer (5) is connected with the first gas flow sensor (20), the second gas flow sensor (21) and the third gas flow sensor (22) ) are connected separately; The laser distance meter (1) can directly monitor the liquid level value of the molten liquid in the AOD furnace (8) through the through hole on the furnace cover (7), and the liquid level signal of the molten liquid is transmitted to the industrial control computer (5), The industrial control computer (5) receives the liquid level value of the molten metal measured by the laser range finder (1), judges whether splashing occurs according to the liquid level value, and opens the first automatic control valve (11) when no splashing occurs. , close the second automatic control valve (13), the top gun (2) sprays oxygen, when splashing occurs, the industrial control computer (5) issues an execution command, and the position regulator (14) adjusts the top gun (2) height, close the first automatic control valve (11), open the second automatic control valve (13), start the spray suppression powder adding mechanism (3), push the spray suppression powder into the top air supply line (17), spray The splash inhibitor powder is sprayed into the molten pool from the top gun (2) with the nitrogen flow, and the opening of the third automatic control valve (15) and the fourth automatic adjustment valve (16) is adjusted to weaken the oxidation reaction in the furnace and reduce the melting point. The temperature of the pool reduces the amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen escaping from the furnace mouth. 2. a sputter forecast and sputter suppression method of AOD furnace smelting low carbon alloy, is characterized in that, S1: Detect the liquid level of the melt: The laser range finder (1) is fixedly installed above the furnace mouth through the bracket (6), and a hole is opened on the furnace cover (7), so that the emission and return paths of the laser range finder (1) are not blocked, and the furnace can be accurately detected. The level value of the inner melt; S2: Process the liquid level signal: The liquid level information in the AOD furnace (8) detected by the laser distance meter (1) is transmitted to the industrial control computer (5) through the data line, and the industrial control computer (5) compares the detected liquid level value with the set alarm value Compare and judge whether splashing occurs; S3: Suppressed Splash: When the molten liquid level detected by the laser range finder (1) exceeds the set alarm value, the industrial control computer (5) determines that a splash accident has occurred, issues a control command to suppress splashing, and closes the connection to the oxygen pipeline (10). The first automatic control valve (11) opens the second automatic control valve (13) connected to the nitrogen gas pipeline (12); the position regulator is driven to adjust the top gun (2) to the position of suppressing splashing; the spraying inhibitor is driven The adding mechanism (3) pushes the spray inhibitor powder into the top air supply pipeline (17); closes the third automatic control valve (15) on the bottom oxygen supply pipeline (18), stops blowing oxygen, and adjusts the bottom nitrogen supply The fourth automatic control valve (16) on the pipeline (19) adjusts the flow rate of nitrogen blown into the bottom gun (4) to the lowest value. 3. The sputter prediction and sputter suppression method of an AOD furnace (8) smelting process according to claim 2, characterized in that, in the step S1, an initial liquid level value of 0.65m is detected. 4. The sputter prediction and sputter suppression method of an AOD furnace (8) smelting process according to claim 2, wherein the alarm value in the step S2 is set to 1.5m. 5. the splash forecast and the splash suppression method of a kind of AOD furnace (8) smelting process according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step S3, top gun (2) is blown into nitrogen flow 850m ³ /h , the top gun (2) is inserted into the furnace mouth 0.2m, the spray inhibitor powder is pushed into the top gun (2) pipeline at a speed of 0.5t/h, and the nitrogen flow rate of the bottom gun is adjusted to 30m ³ /h.

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