CN112112058B - Assembled square frame steel bridge abutment and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Assembled square frame steel bridge abutment and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112112058B CN112112058B CN202011117990.9A CN202011117990A CN112112058B CN 112112058 B CN112112058 B CN 112112058B CN 202011117990 A CN202011117990 A CN 202011117990A CN 112112058 B CN112112058 B CN 112112058B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 228
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 228
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/40—Plastics
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an assembled square frame steel bridge abutment and a construction method thereof, wherein the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment comprises a main beam and bridge decks arranged on the main beam, H-shaped steel piles are buried in soil layers below two ends of the main beam, a steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel piles, a steel ground beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the rear side of the lower part of the steel flexible bridge abutment, a steel secondary bridge abutment is vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the steel ground beam, a steel top beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutment and the steel secondary bridge abutment, one side, far away from the steel top beam, of the steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly connected with the main beam, the steel flexible bridge abutment, the steel secondary bridge abutment and the steel top beam form a square frame, and EPS elastic materials are filled in the square frame. The rigid frame structure of the square frame bridge abutment of the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment has good integral deformation performance, is suitable for strong earthquake areas, and can reduce the phenomena of bridge head jumping and unstable driving.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the fields of bridge engineering, pile foundation engineering and the like, in particular to an assembled square frame steel bridge abutment and a construction method thereof.
The background technology is as follows:
In the traditional bridge, the longitudinal temperature expansion deformation of the girder is not limited by the bridge abutment, the soil pressure born by the bridge abutment is not transmitted to the girder, the girder and the bridge abutment are stressed independently in the longitudinal direction, and the expansion device at the bridge abutment is easier to cause diseases compared with the expansion device at the bridge abutment due to the problem of jumping behind the bridge abutment; in addition, modern bridges adopt continuous structures more, so that expansion devices at bridge piers are eliminated, and the expansion devices at bridge abutments are eliminated more and more greatly.
The integral bridge has many advantages because the expansion joint is eliminated structurally, but the horizontal reciprocating deformation of the main beam of the expansion joint under the actions of different like environmental temperature, concrete shrinkage deformation, automobile impact braking, earthquake and the like is eliminated and is transferred to the lower structure, so that the lower structure, particularly the abutment and the foundation of the abutment pile, is caused to horizontally reciprocate, and complex abutment-post filling, pile foundation-soil, abutment-soil-pile foundation-soil and other various structure-soil interactions are caused; therefore, for the integral bridge, special attention should be paid to the capability of the understructure abutment and the foundation of the foundation pile to adapt to horizontal reciprocating deformation and the scientific problems of reducing or weakening complex abutment-soil-pile foundation-soil interaction and the like; meanwhile, the lower structure can react to the main girder of the upper structure, if the rigidity of the lower structure is too large, the shrinkage deformation of the main girder is greatly restrained to generate axial tension when the ambient temperature is reduced, so that the concrete main girder or the bridge deck plate can be pulled apart, and therefore, the bridge abutment or the foundation of the abutment foundation of the lower structure has better flexibility besides enough deformability.
The invention comprises the following steps:
In view of the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment and the construction method thereof, and the square frame bridge abutment rigid frame structure of the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment has good deformation performance, is suitable for strong earthquake areas, and can reduce the phenomena of bridge head jumping and unstable driving.
The invention discloses an assembled square frame steel bridge abutment, which comprises a girder and a bridge deck plate arranged on the girder, and is characterized in that: the novel steel bridge girder comprises a main girder, and is characterized in that H-shaped steel piles are buried in soil layers below two ends of the main girder, a steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel piles, a steel ground beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged on the rear side of the lower portion of the steel flexible bridge abutment, a steel secondary bridge abutment is vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the steel ground beam, a steel top beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutment and the steel secondary bridge abutment, one side, far away from the steel top beam, of the steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly connected with the main girder, the steel flexible bridge abutment, the steel ground beam, the steel secondary bridge abutment and the steel top beam form a square frame, and EPS elastic materials are filled in the square frame.
Further, the end of the main beam, which is close to the steel flexible abutment, is provided with a lower groove, the steel flexible abutment is provided with a convex block extending towards the lower groove, the convex block of the steel flexible abutment is fixedly connected with the end of the main beam through a high-strength bolt, and UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is poured above the convex block, so that a UHPC cast-in-situ section is formed.
Further, a bridge pier is arranged below the middle part of the main beam.
Further, the rear part of the steel secondary abutment is filled with soil after the abutment, a wiring road surface is arranged at the rear part of the steel top beam and above the filled soil after the abutment, a guide plate is arranged at the front part of the steel top beam and above the steel flexible abutment, an expansion joint is arranged between the wiring road surface and the guide plate, and the UHPC cast-in-situ section is arranged between the guide plate and the abutment plate.
The invention relates to a construction method of an assembled square frame steel bridge abutment, wherein the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment comprises a main beam and bridge decks arranged on the main beam, H-shaped steel piles are buried in soil layers below two ends of the main beam, a steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel piles, a steel ground beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the rear side of the lower part of the steel flexible bridge abutment, a steel secondary bridge abutment is vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the steel ground beam, a steel top beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutment and the steel secondary bridge abutment, one side of the steel flexible bridge abutment, which is far away from the steel top beam, is fixedly connected with the main beam, the steel flexible bridge abutment, the steel ground beam, the steel secondary bridge abutment and the steel top beam form a square frame, and EPS elastic materials are filled in the square frame; during construction, (1) excavating a pavement to a preset position, embedding a steel H-shaped pile foundation and fixedly arranging a steel flexible bridge abutment on the steel H-shaped pile foundation;
(2) Sequentially connecting and fixing a steel ground beam and a steel secondary abutment, and arranging EPS elastic materials between the steel flexible abutment and the steel secondary abutment;
(3) Fixing the steel top beam on the steel secondary abutment and the steel flexible abutment;
(4) The girder and the steel flexible bridge abutment are riveted by high-strength bolts, and then UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is used for cast-in-situ molding, so that the construction of the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment is completed;
(5) And finally paving bridge decks, guide plates and expansion joints.
Further, in the step (4), the main beam and the steel flexible bridge abutment are riveted by high-strength bolts, specifically: the end of the girder close to the steel flexible bridge abutment is provided with a lower groove, the steel flexible bridge abutment is provided with a convex block extending towards the lower groove, the convex block of the steel flexible bridge abutment and the end of the girder are riveted and fixed from top to bottom through the high-strength bolt, then UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is poured above the convex block to form a UHPC cast-in-place section, and the UHPC cast-in-place section is positioned between the bridge deck and the guide plate.
The invention utilizes a steel flexible bridge abutment, a steel top beam, a steel secondary bridge abutment and a steel ground beam to form an integral structure of an 'opening' -shaped frame bridge abutment, one side of the integral structure is used for retaining soil, the other side of the integral structure bears the internal force and expansion deformation of a main beam, and the integral structure of the frame is combined to obtain the assembled opening-shaped frame steel bridge abutment on the basis of a rigid bridge abutment and a light thin-wall bridge abutment, and the opening-shaped rigid-flexible combined bridge abutment is changed from rigidity to flexibility in an optimization combination mode of 'rigid secondary bridge abutment retaining soil and flexible bridge abutment-H-shaped steel pile deformation'; not only improves the flexibility and deformability of the composite material, but also weakens the interaction between the structure and the soil, simplifies the force transmission path, and has more reasonable stress performance; the gravity type rigid bridge abutment structure of the traditional bridge is changed to a great extent, and an ambiguous stress mode of complex abutment-soil interaction and pile-soil interaction of the traditional integral bridge is effectively avoided; EPS elastic materials are adopted between the flexible bridge abutment and the secondary bridge abutment, so that the integral deformability of the EPS elastic materials can be improved, and a mode of 'in soft and rigid' is realized; the steel flexible bridge abutment and the main beam are riveted by adopting high-strength bolts, and continuous rigid frame molding is realized by utilizing the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance, high fatigue resistance and the like of UHPC materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the seamless rigid frame bridge abutment structure is suitable for large-span seamless rigid frame bridges, and because each part of the bridge abutment structure is a prefabricated structure and a steel structure, the rapid construction can be realized, the construction period is shortened, the manufacturing cost is saved, the structures of the expansion joints and the telescopic devices of the traditional bridge head are also sequentially canceled, the phenomenon of bridge head jumping and unstable driving is reduced, and the cost of maintenance, maintenance and the like of the telescopic devices is reduced; meanwhile, the rigid frame structure of the bridge abutment with the 'mouth' -shaped frame has good integral deformation performance, is suitable for strong earthquake areas, and meets the requirements of 'large earthquake is not easy to fall and middle earthquake is repairable'. Small shock without damage.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
In the figure: 1-steel flexible bridge abutment, 2-main beam, 3-steel top beam, 4-high strength bolt, 5-UHPC cast-in-situ section, 6-steel secondary bridge abutment, 7-steel ground beam, 8-EPS elastic material, 9-H-shaped steel pile, 10-post-filling soil, 11-original soil layer, 12-connecting road surface, 13-expansion joint, 14-leading plate, 15-bridge deck, 16-lower groove, 17-pier and 18-bump.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The invention relates to an assembled steel bridge abutment with a square frame, which comprises a main beam 2 and bridge decks 15 arranged on the main beam 2, wherein H-shaped steel piles 9 are buried in soil layers below two ends of the main beam 2, 3-4 groups of H-shaped steel piles 9 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the main beam 2, a steel flexible bridge abutment 1 is fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel piles 9, a steel ground beam 7 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the rear side of the lower part of the steel flexible bridge abutment 1, a steel secondary bridge abutment 6 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the steel ground beam 7, steel top beams 3 are horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutment 1 and the steel secondary bridge abutment 6, one side, far away from the steel top beams, of the steel flexible bridge abutment 1, the steel secondary bridge abutment 7, the steel secondary bridge abutment 6 and the steel top beams 3 can be integrally cast into a square steel frame, the width of the steel flexible bridge abutment 1 can be integrally or sectionally formed into the square frame, the steel bridge abutment 6 and the steel bridge abutment 6 are filled with the steel bridge beams 6, and the steel bridge abutment 6 are filled with the steel bridge beams 6 and the square frame 6, and the steel bridge deck is formed into the square frame.
The aforementioned rear, rear side or rear end refers to the direction away from the center of the main beam 2.
Further, in order to realize connection of the girder and the steel flexible bridge abutment, the end of the girder, which is close to the steel flexible bridge abutment, is provided with a lower groove 16, the steel flexible bridge abutment is provided with a convex block 18 extending towards the lower groove, the convex block 18 of the steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly connected with the end of the girder through a high-strength bolt 4, and UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is poured above the convex block to form a UHPC cast-in-situ section 5.
Further, in order to increase the strength of the middle part of the girder, a pier 17 is provided below the middle part of the girder.
Further, in order to meet the use requirement, the rear part of the steel secondary abutment is provided with post-abutment filling soil 10, the rear part of the steel top beam and the post-abutment filling soil are provided with wiring road surfaces 12, the front part of the steel top beam and the upper surface of the steel flexible abutment are provided with guide plates 14, expansion joints 13 are arranged between the wiring road surfaces and the guide plates, the UHPC cast-in-place section 5 is also arranged between the guide plates 14 and the bridge deck 15, and the connecting road surfaces 12, the bridge deck 15 and the guide plates 14 are road surfaces adopting common concrete.
The invention relates to a construction method of an assembled square frame steel bridge abutment, wherein the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment comprises a main beam 2 and bridge decks 15 arranged on the main beam 2, H-shaped steel piles 9 are buried in soil layers below two ends of the main beam 2, a steel flexible bridge abutment 1 is fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel piles 9, a steel ground beam 7 is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the rear side of the lower part of the steel flexible bridge abutment 1, a steel secondary bridge abutment 6 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the steel ground beam 7, a steel top beam 3 is horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutment 1 and the steel secondary bridge abutment 6, one side, far away from the steel top beam, of the steel flexible bridge abutment 1 is fixedly connected with the main beam 2, the steel flexible bridge abutment 1, the steel ground beam 7, the steel secondary bridge abutment 6 and the steel top beam 3 form a square frame, and EPS elastic materials 8 are filled in the square frame; during construction, (1) excavating a pavement to a preset position, embedding a steel H-shaped pile foundation and fixedly arranging a steel flexible bridge abutment 1 on the steel H-shaped pile foundation;
(2) The steel ground beam 7 and the steel secondary abutment 6 are connected and fixed in sequence, and EPS elastic materials 8 are arranged between the steel flexible abutment 1 and the steel secondary abutment 6;
(3) Fixing the steel top beam 3 on the steel secondary abutment 6 and the steel flexible abutment 1;
(4) Riveting a girder 2 and a steel flexible bridge abutment 1 by a high-strength bolt 4, and then performing cast-in-situ forming by UHPC ultra-high performance concrete to complete the construction of the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment;
(5) Finally, bridge deck 15, leading plate 14 and expansion joint 13 are paved.
In the step (4), the main beam and the steel flexible bridge abutment are riveted by high-strength bolts, specifically: the end of the girder, which is close to the steel flexible bridge abutment, is provided with a lower groove 16, the steel flexible bridge abutment is provided with a convex block 18 extending towards the lower groove, the convex block 18 of the steel flexible bridge abutment and the end of the girder are riveted and fixed from top to bottom through the high-strength bolt, then UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is poured above the convex block to form a UHPC cast-in-place segment 5, and the UHPC cast-in-place segment is positioned between the bridge deck and the guide plate.
The invention utilizes a steel flexible bridge abutment, a steel top beam, a steel secondary bridge abutment and a steel ground beam to form an integral structure of an 'opening' -shaped frame bridge abutment, one side of the integral structure is used for retaining soil, the other side of the integral structure bears the internal force and expansion deformation of a main beam, and the integral structure of the frame is combined to obtain the assembled opening-shaped frame steel bridge abutment on the basis of a rigid bridge abutment and a light thin-wall bridge abutment, and the opening-shaped rigid-flexible combined bridge abutment is changed from rigidity to flexibility in an optimization combination mode of 'rigid secondary bridge abutment retaining soil and flexible bridge abutment-H-shaped steel pile deformation'; not only improves the flexibility and deformability of the composite material, but also weakens the interaction between the structure and the soil, simplifies the force transmission path, and has more reasonable stress performance; the gravity type rigid bridge abutment structure of the traditional bridge is changed to a great extent, and an ambiguous stress mode of complex abutment-soil interaction and pile-soil interaction of the traditional integral bridge is effectively avoided; EPS elastic materials are adopted between the flexible bridge abutment and the secondary bridge abutment, so that the integral deformability of the EPS elastic materials can be improved, and a mode of 'in soft and rigid' is realized; the steel flexible bridge abutment and the main beam are riveted by adopting high-strength bolts, and continuous rigid frame molding is realized by utilizing the characteristics of high strength, corrosion resistance, high fatigue resistance and the like of UHPC materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the seamless rigid frame bridge abutment structure is suitable for large-span seamless rigid frame bridges, and because each part of the bridge abutment structure is a prefabricated structure and a steel structure, the rapid construction can be realized, the construction period is shortened, the manufacturing cost is saved, the structures of the expansion joints and the telescopic devices of the traditional bridge head are also sequentially canceled, the phenomenon of bridge head jumping and unstable driving is reduced, and the cost of maintenance, maintenance and the like of the telescopic devices is reduced; meanwhile, the rigid frame structure of the bridge abutment with the 'mouth' -shaped frame has good integral deformation performance, is suitable for strong earthquake areas, and meets the requirements of 'large earthquake is not easy to fall and middle earthquake is repairable'. Small shock without damage.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and equivalents substituted for elements thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an assembled mouth style of calligraphy frame steel abutment, includes the girder and establishes the decking above the girder, its characterized in that: h-shaped steel piles are buried in soil layers below two ends of the main beam, and 3-4 groups of H-shaped steel piles are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the main beam; a steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel pile, a steel ground beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged at the rear side of the lower part of the steel flexible bridge abutment, a steel secondary bridge abutment is vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear end of the steel ground beam, a steel top beam is horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutment and the steel secondary bridge abutment, one side, far away from the steel top beam, of the steel flexible bridge abutment is fixedly connected with a main beam, the steel flexible bridge abutment, the steel ground beam, the steel secondary bridge abutment and the steel top beam form a square frame, EPS elastic materials are filled in the square frame, and the rear side or the rear end refers to a direction far away from the center of the main beam; the end of the main beam, which is close to the steel flexible abutment, is provided with a lower groove, the steel flexible abutment is provided with a convex block extending towards the lower groove, the convex block of the steel flexible abutment is fixedly connected with the end of the main beam through a high-strength bolt, and UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is poured above the convex block to form a UHPC cast-in-situ section; a bridge pier is arranged below the middle part of the main girder; the rear part of the steel secondary abutment is filled with soil after the abutment, a wiring road surface is arranged at the rear part of the steel top beam and above the filled soil after the abutment, a guide plate is arranged at the front part of the steel top beam and above the steel flexible abutment, an expansion joint is arranged between the wiring road surface and the guide plate, and the UHPC cast-in-situ section is arranged between the guide plate and the abutment plate; the connecting pavement, the bridge deck and the guide plates are pavement adopting common concrete.
2. The construction method of the steel bridge abutment of the assembled square frame comprises a girder and bridge decks arranged on the girder, H-shaped steel piles are buried in soil layers below two ends of the girder, steel flexible bridge abutments are fixedly arranged above the H-shaped steel piles, steel ground beams are horizontally and fixedly arranged on the rear sides of the lower portions of the steel flexible bridge abutments, steel secondary bridge abutments are vertically and fixedly arranged at the rear ends of the steel ground beams, steel top beams are horizontally and fixedly arranged between the steel flexible bridge abutments and the steel secondary bridge abutments, one sides, far away from the steel top beams, of the steel flexible bridge abutments are fixedly connected with the girder, the steel flexible bridge abutments, the steel secondary bridge abutments and the steel top beams form a square frame, and EPS elastic materials are filled in the square frame; during construction, (1) excavating a pavement to a preset position, embedding a steel H-shaped pile foundation and fixedly arranging a steel flexible bridge abutment on the steel H-shaped pile foundation;
(2) Sequentially connecting and fixing a steel ground beam and a steel secondary abutment, and arranging EPS elastic materials between the steel flexible abutment and the steel secondary abutment;
(3) Fixing the steel top beam on the steel secondary abutment and the steel flexible abutment;
(4) The girder and the steel flexible bridge abutment are riveted by high-strength bolts, and then UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is used for cast-in-situ molding, so that the construction of the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment is completed;
(5) And finally paving bridge decks, guide plates and expansion joints.
3. The construction method of the assembled square frame steel bridge abutment according to claim 2, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the main beam and the steel flexible bridge abutment are riveted by high-strength bolts, specifically: the end of the girder close to the steel flexible bridge abutment is provided with a lower groove, the steel flexible bridge abutment is provided with a convex block extending towards the lower groove, the convex block of the steel flexible bridge abutment and the end of the girder are riveted and fixed from top to bottom through the high-strength bolt, then UHPC ultra-high performance concrete is poured above the convex block to form a UHPC cast-in-place section, and the UHPC cast-in-place section is positioned between the bridge deck and the guide plate.
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CN111749112A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-09 | 福州大学 | Large-span integral bridge suitable for strong earthquake area and construction method |
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