CN112104424B - High-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module - Google Patents
High-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module Download PDFInfo
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing a high-temperature extinction ratio of a 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module, which comprises the following steps of: monitoring the temperature of the module in real time, and judging whether the temperature of the module is higher than a critical temperature point: if not, the modulation current and the bias current are restored to factory debugging values, and transmission performance loss is offset by using the transmission allowance of the laser; if yes, the critical temperature point is stored in the optical module in a nonvolatile mode, and a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm is started: in the process that the temperature of the module is higher than the critical temperature point, firstly controlling the modulation current until the modulation current is increased to the maximum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the control of the modulation current; and optimizing the bias current until the bias current is reduced to the minimum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping optimizing the bias current. According to the invention, the temperature compensation in a wide temperature range is realized by starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm, the high-temperature transmission performance of the 5G fronthaul industrial-grade temperature application module is obviously improved, and the transmission performance allowance of a transmitting side is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a high-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for a 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module.
Background
The 5G access network has huge requirements on the front-end optical module, based on the requirements of a 5G application scene, the RRU/AAU side remote optical module needs to support industrial-level temperature grade (-40-85 ℃), the BBU/DU side local-end optical module is usually deployed in a central machine room, and compared with the outdoor deployed remote optical module, the BBU/DU side local-end optical module has lower temperature requirements and can meet the commercial-level temperature (0-70 ℃). In a DFB laser commonly adopted by a 5G fronthaul optical module, threshold current and skew efficiency of the laser change with temperature, so that the light output power and the ER extinction ratio of the module in a high-temperature/low-temperature environment change, the temperature rises, the threshold current rises, the skew efficiency becomes small, the optical power of the module becomes small, the extinction ratio ER becomes small, the temperature decreases, and the optical power and the extinction ratio ER change reversely under the condition that bias current (bias) and modulation current (MOD) are kept unchanged. The consistency problem of the re-superposition device is a prominent problem of mass production of the optical module, how to maintain the stability of the average optical power and the extinction ratio of the optical module in a wide temperature range so as to ensure the quality of an eye diagram and the transmission stability.
In the process of mass production of optical modules, the currently adopted methods for keeping the stability of the light-emitting power and the extinction ratio ER are two types:
(1) the module uses Automatic Power Control (APC) to ensure the light power to be stable, does not compensate the change of the light-emitting ratio ER, and meets the standard index. The improvement of the laser process can ensure that the laser has higher transmission performance allowance of a transmitting side, and the transmission performance loss caused by the change of the extinction ratio ER in a commercial-grade temperature range is negligible compared with the transmission performance allowance. In the process of mass production, the defective products of the modules with the deteriorated transmission performance caused by overlarge change of extinction ratio in high and low temperature environments are treated. However, for an industrial temperature range, the method has more defects, and the problems of transmission performance degradation and excessive transmission cost caused by the change of the extinction ratio ER in a wide temperature range cannot be effectively solved, so that the production yield and the production efficiency are restricted;
(2) and (3) compensating the module extinction ratio ER in the full temperature range by using a table look-up method, and ensuring the stability of the module extinction ratio ER. Randomly extracting a laser test sample, collecting the optical power and extinction ratio change data of the sample in a full temperature range, debugging calibration parameters, and looking up a table by a module internal algorithm according to the temperature to realize the extinction ratio ER temperature compensation. The method can realize the temperature compensation of the extinction ratio of the module in a wide temperature range, but the method is applied on the premise that the consistency of the laser adopted by the module is better, including the change curve of the oblique efficiency and the temperature consistency, if the difference between devices is larger, the extinction ratio ER of the module in the batch production stage presents larger discreteness, even the temperature compensation causes the extinction ratio ER to deviate from an ideal value, and the transmission performance of the module is deteriorated.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of reduced consistency of a laser and deteriorated transmission performance of a module caused by temperature compensation in the extinction ratio change control process in the prior art, the invention discloses a high-temperature extinction ratio optimization method of a 5G fronthaul industrial-grade optical module, which realizes temperature compensation in a wide temperature range by starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm, obviously improves the high-temperature transmission performance of a 5G fronthaul industrial-grade temperature application module, can maintain a stable extinction ratio ER through the extinction ratio ER temperature compensation in an industrial-grade high-temperature range of the module, and ensures the transmission performance allowance of a transmitting side.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A high-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for a 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module comprises the following steps:
s1, monitoring the module temperature in real time, and judging whether the module temperature is higher than a critical temperature point: if not, the transmission performance loss is counteracted by using the laser transmission margin, and the step S2 is executed; if so, storing the critical temperature point in the optical module in a nonvolatile manner, further judging whether the modulation current and the bias current reach an extreme value calibrated by an algorithm, if so, keeping the numerical values of the current modulation current and the bias current, otherwise, executing a step S3, and optimizing the high-temperature transmission performance of the laser;
s2, when the module temperature is lower than the critical temperature point, the modulation current and the bias current are restored to factory debugging values, the transmission performance loss is counteracted by using the transmission allowance of the laser, and the step S1 is returned;
s3, storing the critical temperature point in the optical module in a nonvolatile manner, and starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm: in the process that the temperature of the module is higher than the critical temperature point, firstly controlling the modulation current until the modulation current is increased to the maximum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the control of the modulation current; optimizing the bias current until the bias current is reduced to the minimum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the optimization of the bias current; the step length and the range of adjustment of the modulation current and the bias current are limited in the control optimization process; and in each adjusting period of the modulation current or the bias current in the S3, returning to the step S1 and monitoring the temperature of the module.
Preferably, the critical temperature point in S1 is dynamically adjusted according to different types of optical module devices.
Preferably, the determination process of the critical temperature point in S1 is:
randomly extracting a plurality of laser samples, and taking the temperature point at which the transmission performance and the extinction ratio ER of the laser reach a specified degradation value as a critical temperature point in the temperature rise process of the test sample; the transmission performance index of the laser is the transmitter dispersion cost TDP, and the temperature point when the transmitter dispersion cost TDP and the extinction ratio ER reach the specified degradation value simultaneously or randomly can be used as the critical temperature point.
Preferably, the calculation formula that the transmitter dispersion cost TDP does not meet the requirement is:
TDPtn-TDPt0≥ΔTDP
wherein, TDPtnValue of the current transmitter dispersion penalty TDP for the laser, TDPt0The method is an initial value of transmitter dispersion cost TDP of a laser, and the delta TDP is a degradation index of the transmitter dispersion cost TDP, and is determined according to sample test data analysis.
Preferably, the calculation formula that the extinction ratio ER is not qualified is as follows:
ERtn-ERt0delta ER or ER ≤tn≤ERmin
Wherein, ERtnThe value of the extinction ratio ER of the current laser, ERt0The method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining an initial value of an extinction ratio ER of a laser, wherein delta ER is a degradation index of the extinction ratio ER and is determined according to sample test data analysis; ERminThe minimum extinction ratio defined in the standard protocol of the optical module or the minimum extinction ratio required by the production process.
Preferably, the specific process of starting the high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm in step S3 is as follows:
s31, initialization: obtaining factory debugging values of the modulation current and the bias current;
s32, controlling the modulation current when the module temperature is higher than the critical temperature point: controlling the modulation current to increase according to the modulation current step size until the modulation current increases to the maximum value calibrated by the algorithm, stopping the modulation current control, and executing S33; the modulation current step length and the modulation current range are obtained from sample test data analysis decision;
s33, optimizing bias current: controlling the bias current to reduce according to the bias current step length until the bias current is reduced to the minimum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping bias current optimization; wherein the bias current step size and the bias current range are obtained from sample test data analysis decisions.
Preferably, in step S3, the control of the modulation current is open-loop control; the optimization of the bias current adopts closed-loop debugging.
Preferably, the module temperature is obtained by the module DDM, and the bias current and modulation current of the module are obtained by the integrated hardware circuit in the optical module.
Has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the temperature compensation in a wide temperature range is realized by starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm, the high-temperature transmission performance of the 5G fronthaul industrial-grade temperature application module is remarkably improved, the stable extinction ratio ER can be maintained by the temperature compensation of the extinction ratio ER in the high-temperature industrial-grade temperature range of the module, and the transmission performance margin of a transmitting side is ensured;
2. the invention defines the temperature critical point of the degradation of the transmission performance of the laser as the starting condition of the temperature compensation algorithm, the extinction ratio ER of the module is not compensated within the temperature critical point, the transmission loss caused by the temperature change is offset by using the transmission margin of the laser within the temperature critical point, and the situation that the extinction ratio ER deviates from an ideal value and the transmission performance of the module is degraded due to the poor consistency of the laser, including the change curve of the oblique efficiency and the consistency of the temperature, and the difference between devices is large, and the temperature compensation;
3. modulated Current I in the inventionmodAdjusting step size and range, bias current IbiasParameters such as the adjustment step length and the adjustment range can be configured and adjusted, nonvolatile storage is realized, the parameters can be determined only by performing a certain number of sampling tests on laser devices of different manufacturers and different batches, and the algorithm applicability is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a high temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a hardware schematic of the modulation current and bias current integrated into the chip.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Examples
The optical module used in this embodiment is a 10G SFP + (DFB laser).
The invention provides a high-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for a 5G fronthaul industrial optical module, which realizes temperature compensation in a wide temperature range by starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm, obviously improves the high-temperature transmission performance of the 5G fronthaul industrial temperature application module, can maintain a stable extinction ratio ER by temperature compensation of the extinction ratio ER in an industrial high-temperature range, namely a temperature range of-40-85 ℃, and ensures the transmission performance margin of a transmitting side. In the invention, the high-temperature degradation temperature point of the laser is taken as a critical temperature point, when the module temperature is higher than the critical temperature point, a high-temperature extinction ratio ER temperature compensation algorithm is started, and the algorithm increases the modulation current ImodReducing the bias current IbiasThe extinction ratio ER is improved, and the high-temperature transmission performance of the laser is optimized; when the temperature of the module is lower than the critical temperature point, the extinction ratio ER temperature compensation algorithm is not started, the transmission performance loss caused by the degradation of the extinction ratio ER is counteracted by using the transmission allowance of the laser, and the situation that the extinction ratio ER deviates from an ideal value and the transmission performance of the module is degraded on the contrary due to the fact that the laser is poor in consistency, including an oblique efficiency change curve and temperature consistency, and the difference between devices is large and temperature compensation is caused is avoided.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for optimizing a high-temperature extinction ratio of a 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module includes the following steps:
s1, monitoring the module temperature in real time, and judging whether the module temperature is higher than a critical temperature point: if not, the transmission performance loss is counteracted by using the laser transmission margin, and the step S2 is executed; if so, storing the critical temperature point in the optical module in a nonvolatile manner, further judging whether the modulation current and the bias current reach an extreme value calibrated by an algorithm, if so, keeping the numerical values of the current modulation current and the bias current, otherwise, executing a step S3, and optimizing the high-temperature transmission performance of the laser;
s2, when the module temperature is lower than the critical temperature point, the modulation current and the bias current are restored to factory debugging values, the transmission performance loss is counteracted by using the transmission allowance of the laser, and the step S1 is returned;
s3, storing the critical temperature point in the optical module in a nonvolatile manner, and starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm: in the process that the temperature of the module is higher than the critical temperature point, firstly controlling the modulation current until the modulation current is increased to the maximum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the control of the modulation current; optimizing the bias current until the bias current is reduced to the minimum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the optimization of the bias current; the step length and the range of adjustment of the modulation current and the bias current are limited in the control optimization process; and in each adjusting period of the modulation current or the bias current in the S3, returning to the step S1 and monitoring the temperature of the module.
In step S1, the critical temperature point is dynamically adjusted according to the type of the optical module device. The determination process of the critical temperature point comprises the following steps: randomly extracting a plurality of laser samples, and taking the temperature point at which the transmission performance and the extinction ratio ER of the laser reach a specified degradation value as a critical temperature point in the temperature rise process of the test sample; the transmission performance index of the laser is the transmitter dispersion cost TDP, and the temperature point when the transmitter dispersion cost TDP and the extinction ratio ER reach the specified degradation value simultaneously or randomly can be used as the critical temperature point.
In this embodiment, the TDP value of the test module at room temperature (e.g., 25 ℃) is used as the initial TDP valuet0(ii) a The extinction ratio ER value of the module at room temperature (such as 25 ℃) is taken as the initial value ER of ERt0And recording, taking the determined step length (such as any value of 2-5 ℃) as the temperature rise step length, and testing the real-time dispersion cost TDP value of the transmitter, namely TDPtn and extinction ratio ER value or ERtn. The sampling temperature is subject to the temperature monitored by the module DDM.
Analyzing the sampling data to determine the temperature critical point of the degradation of the transmission performance of the laser:
(a) degradation index Δ TDP of transmitter dispersion cost TDP:
TDPtn-TDPt0≥ΔTDP (1)
wherein, TDPtnValue of the current transmitter dispersion penalty TDP for the laser, TDPt0The method is an initial value of the transmitter dispersion cost TDP of the laser, and the delta TDP is a degradation index of the transmitter dispersion cost TDP;
(b) degradation index Δ ER of extinction ratio ER:
ERtn-ERt0delta ER or ER ≤tn≤ERmin (2)
Wherein: ERtnThe value of the extinction ratio ER of the current laser, ERt0Is an initial value of the extinction ratio ER of the laser, and Δ ER is a deterioration index of the extinction ratio ERminThe minimum extinction ratio defined in the standard protocol of the optical module or the minimum extinction ratio required by the production process.
The delta TDP value and the delta ER value in the formula (1) and the formula (2) are determined according to sample test data analysis;
the critical temperature point can be determined according to the conditions (a) and (b) and can also be determined according to one of the conditions (a) or (b). In this example, the test data of three samples are shown in table 1:
table 1
The data used at each temperature point after the optimization method of the invention was used are given in table 1.
In this embodiment, the optical device transmission performance degradation temperature critical point: 71 ℃;
modulating the current ImodStep length: 2mA, range: 0-6 mA;
bias current IbiasStep length: 1mA, range: 0-5 mA;
the step size and range are determined from analysis of the test data. The step length needs to ensure that the sending side light signal does not change sharply during each adjustment and keeps stable; the adjustment range needs to be ensured not to cause deterioration of the transmission-side optical signal due to parameter offset.
The temperature critical point of the transmission performance degradation of the laser is stored in a nonvolatile storage NVM in the module and used as a trigger condition for starting a temperature compensation algorithm; the performance degradation temperature threshold can be dynamically adjusted. Different batches of optical devices of different brands can determine the performance degradation temperature critical point according to the sampling test data, and the module open interface supports adjustment and nonvolatile storage of the temperature critical point.
The high temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm in the present invention limits the modulation current ImodStep size and range of adjustment. The dispersion cost TDP and the extinction ratio ER of a transmitter of the module cannot be monitored in the module, and need to be measured and obtained by means of instruments and meters, and the modulation current I in a temperature compensation algorithmmodThe adjustment of (1) is open loop debugging, namely no feedback debugging, and the system input influences the output but not the output; the step size and range need to be limited. Modulating the current ImodIs analyzed from the sampled data.
The module temperature is obtained by the module DDM and the bias current and modulation current of the module are obtained by the integrated hardware circuit in the optical module. At present, most of optical modules are integrated into a chip, independent single-path design is not needed, the functions can be realized only by reading and writing a register, the attached figure 3 is a hardware schematic diagram of modulation current and bias current integrated into the chip, and the sizes of the modulation current and the bias current can be obtained from the attached figure 3.
Temperature compensation algorithm limits bias current IbiasStep size and range of adjustment. The bias current can be obtained from the DDM, closed-loop debugging and feedback debugging are supported, and input is adjusted according to an output result. The step size and range are analyzed and decided from the sampled data.
As shown in fig. 2, the specific process of starting the high temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm is as follows:
initializing after the module is started: loaded with a modulated current ImodAnd a bias current IbiasFactory debugging value, high temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm monitorAnd controlling the internal temperature of the module collected by the module DDM.
When the internal temperature of the module is higher than the critical temperature point, the temperature compensation is started, firstly, the module modulates the current ImodIncreasing according to the modulation current step until the modulation current ImodAdjusting to the maximum range of algorithm calibration, and stopping modulating current ImodDebugging, starting the bias current IbiasOptimization of bias current IbiasDecreasing in bias current step size until bias current IbiasAdjusting to the algorithm calibration target range, and stopping the bias current IbiasOptimizing, and continuously monitoring the module temperature; if the module temperature is less than the transmission performance degradation temperature critical point, stopping the high temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm, and recovering the module modulation current ImodAnd a bias current IbiasAnd (5) factory debugging values.
And if the modulation current and the bias current are adjusted to extreme values, stopping adjusting, wherein the module index is the final index, and if the production requirement is not met, judging the product to be an unqualified product.
Modulated Current I in the inventionmodAdjusting step size and range, bias current IbiasParameters such as the adjustment step length and the adjustment range can be configured and adjusted, nonvolatile storage is realized, the parameters can be determined only by performing a certain number of sampling tests on laser devices of different manufacturers and different batches, and the algorithm applicability is strong.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A high-temperature extinction ratio optimization method for a 5G forward-transmission industrial-grade optical module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, monitoring the module temperature in real time, and judging whether the module temperature is higher than a critical temperature point: if not, the transmission performance loss is counteracted by using the laser transmission margin, and the step S2 is executed; if so, storing the critical temperature point in the optical module in a nonvolatile manner, further judging whether the modulation current and the bias current reach an extreme value calibrated by an algorithm, if so, keeping the numerical values of the current modulation current and the bias current, otherwise, executing a step S3, and optimizing the high-temperature transmission performance of the laser; the determination process of the critical temperature point in the S1 is as follows:
randomly extracting a plurality of laser samples, and taking the temperature point at which the transmission performance and the extinction ratio ER of the laser reach a specified degradation value as a critical temperature point in the temperature rise process of the test sample; the transmission performance index of the laser is transmitter dispersion cost TDP, and the temperature points at which the transmitter dispersion cost TDP and the extinction ratio ER reach a specified degradation value simultaneously or randomly can be used as critical temperature points;
s2, when the module temperature is lower than the critical temperature point, the modulation current and the bias current are restored to factory debugging values, the transmission performance loss is counteracted by using the transmission allowance of the laser, and the step S1 is returned;
s3, storing the critical temperature point in the optical module in a nonvolatile manner, and starting a high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm: in the process that the temperature of the module is higher than the critical temperature point, firstly controlling the modulation current until the modulation current is increased to the maximum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the control of the modulation current; optimizing the bias current until the bias current is reduced to the minimum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping the optimization of the bias current; the step length and the range of adjustment of the modulation current and the bias current are limited in the control optimization process; and in each adjusting period of the modulation current or the bias current in the S3, returning to the step S1 and monitoring the temperature of the module.
2. The method for optimizing the high-temperature extinction ratio of the 5G forward industrial optical module according to claim 1, wherein: and the critical temperature point in the S1 is dynamically adjusted according to different types of optical module devices.
3. The method for optimizing the high-temperature extinction ratio of the 5G forward industrial optical module according to claim 1, wherein: the calculation formula that the transmitter dispersion cost TDP does not meet the requirement is as follows:
TDPtn-TDPt0≥ΔTDP
wherein, TDPtnValue of the current transmitter dispersion penalty TDP for the laser, TDPt0The method is an initial value of transmitter dispersion cost TDP of a laser, and the delta TDP is a degradation index of the transmitter dispersion cost TDP, and is determined according to sample test data analysis.
4. The method for optimizing the high-temperature extinction ratio of the 5G forward industrial optical module according to claim 1, wherein: the calculation formula that the extinction ratio ER does not meet the requirement is as follows:
ERtn-ERt0delta ER or ER ≤tn≤ERmin
Wherein, ERtnThe value of the extinction ratio ER of the current laser, ERt0The method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining an initial value of an extinction ratio ER of a laser, wherein delta ER is a degradation index of the extinction ratio ER and is determined according to sample test data analysis; ERminThe minimum extinction ratio defined in the standard protocol of the optical module or the minimum extinction ratio required by the production process.
5. The method for optimizing the high-temperature extinction ratio of the 5G forward industrial optical module according to claim 1, wherein: the specific process of starting the high-temperature extinction ratio temperature compensation algorithm in the step S3 is as follows:
s31, initialization: obtaining factory debugging values of the modulation current and the bias current;
s32, controlling the modulation current when the module temperature is higher than the critical temperature point: controlling the modulation current to increase according to the modulation current step size until the modulation current increases to the maximum value calibrated by the algorithm, stopping the modulation current control, and executing S33; the modulation current step length and the modulation current range are obtained from sample test data analysis decision;
s33, optimizing bias current: controlling the bias current to reduce according to the bias current step length until the bias current is reduced to the minimum value calibrated by the algorithm, and stopping bias current optimization; wherein the bias current step size and the bias current range are obtained from sample test data analysis decisions.
6. The method for optimizing the high-temperature extinction ratio of the 5G forward industrial optical module according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, open-loop control is used for controlling the modulation current; the optimization of the bias current adopts closed-loop debugging.
7. The method for optimizing the high-temperature extinction ratio of the 5G forward industrial optical module according to claim 1, wherein: the module temperature is obtained by the module DDM, and the bias current and modulation current of the module are obtained by the integrated hardware circuit in the optical module.
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