CN112072957A - A micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device and collection method applied to pavement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device and a collection method applied to a road surface. The device comprises a box body, an elastic rubber block arranged in the box body, and a piezoelectric module arranged in the elastic rubber block; the piezoelectric module comprises Platen, Cantilever Piezo Modules, and Stacked Piezo Modules. The pressure plate is arranged in the elastic rubber block, and a rotating shaft is arranged on the pressure plate. When the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, the end of the pressure plate close to the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam squeezes the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam to generate voltage; the pressure plate is far away from the cantilever beam. One end of the piezoelectric module is pressed against the stacked piezoelectric module to generate a voltage. In the present invention, voltage can be generated by pressing the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module at the same time by the pressing plate, which can more effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy can be sent to the intelligent traffic information after being processed by the energy collection circuit. The wireless sensor devices in the collection system are powered, and the energy collection efficiency is higher.

Description

A micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device and collection method applied to pavement

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery and utilization, in particular to a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device and collection method applied to road surfaces.

Background technique

As the most important transportation facility, roads play an important role in promoting economic development and providing convenience for people's production and life. The road carries the direct action of countless vehicles and pedestrians every day. The mechanical energy of these actions is usually reflected in the vibration, deformation, wear, cracking and other diseases of the road surface, and is finally dissipated in the environment in the form of heat energy. At this time, if the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials can be used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the waste energy can be collected and used to power the sensing nodes of traffic sensors, a self-powered piezoelectric traffic sensor system is formed. This system shows great advantages.

At present, the structures of relatively mature piezoelectric energy harvesting devices mainly include cymbal structure and cantilever beam structure. Due to the need to ensure the comfort and safety of vehicles, as well as to ensure the service life and working strength of the road, the piezoelectric energy harvesting device for road needs to meet the characteristics of large load and small deformation. These two structures are directly applied to the energy in the road surface. Collection is not good.

Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device and a collection method applied to the road surface in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, aiming at ensuring the comfort and safety of vehicle driving through micro-deformation And to ensure the service life and working strength of the road; and through the organic combination of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module and the application of the synchronous switch circuit to improve the energy collection efficiency of the road piezoelectric energy harvesting device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device applied to a road surface, wherein the device comprises a box body, an elastic rubber block arranged in the box body, and a piezoelectric module arranged in the elastic rubber block; the pressure The electrical module includes:

a pressing plate, the pressing plate is arranged in the elastic rubber block, a rotating shaft is arranged on the pressing plate, and when the elastic rubber block is under pressure, the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft;

A cantilever beam piezoelectric module, the cantilever beam piezoelectric module is arranged on the left side of the rotating shaft, and is located obliquely above the pressure plate; when the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, the pressure plate is close to the One end of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module moves upward, and squeezes the cantilever beam piezoelectric module to generate a voltage;

A stacked piezoelectric module, the stacked piezoelectric module is arranged below the pressure plate, and when the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressure plate away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module moves downward, and extruding the stacked piezoelectric modules to generate a voltage;

The stacked piezoelectric module is electrically connected to the cantilever beam piezoelectric module.

In an implementation manner, the box body includes an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper box body and the lower box body are provided with sealing grooves, and the elastic rubber block is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves and a plurality of Blind hole, the rectangular slot is located on the left side of the elastic rubber block, and the blind hole is located at the bottom of the elastic rubber block; the rectangular slot is used to install the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, and the blind hole is used for for mounting the stacked piezoelectric modules.

In an implementation manner, the cantilever beam piezoelectric module includes: an elastic member, an upper piezoelectric sheet disposed above the elastic member, and a lower piezoelectric sheet disposed below the elastic member. A baffle is arranged on the left side, and the baffle is matched with the chute on the upper box;

The upper-layer piezoelectric sheet and the lower-layer piezoelectric sheet are electrically connected in double-layer series, and the polarization directions are opposite.

In an implementation manner, a load balancing block is arranged in the elastic rubber block, and the load balancing block is arranged above the cantilever beam piezoelectric module for balancing the cantilever beam piezoelectric when the load acting point is located at the cantilever beam piezoelectric module. The concentrated load at the top of the module protects the piezoelectric sheet of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module;

The elastic rubber block is provided with a deformation limit block, and the deformation limit block is arranged at the bottom of the elastic rubber block and on the lower side of the pressing plate, and is used to limit the vertical direction of the pressing plate. The maximum deformation protects the piezoelectric sheet of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module.

In an implementation manner, the stacked piezoelectric module includes: a lower cover; a disc spring arranged in the lower cover; a T-shaped shaft rod arranged on the disc spring; sequentially arranged on the T-shaped shaft The first pull pin, the first snap ring and the first circular piezoelectric sheet, the second pull pin, the second snap ring and the second circular piezoelectric sheet, the third pull pin, the third snap ring and the first pull pin on the rod Three circular piezoelectric sheets;

A first support member is arranged between the first circular piezoelectric sheet and the second circular piezoelectric sheet, and a first support member is arranged between the second circular piezoelectric sheet and the third circular piezoelectric sheet There is a second support, a third support is arranged between the third circular piezoelectric sheet and the head of the T-shaped shaft, and the third support overlaps with the edge of the lower cover;

When the end of the pressing plate away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module moves downward and presses the stacked piezoelectric module, the T-shaped shaft moves downward and compresses the disc spring, and drives the first A snap ring, a second snap ring and a third snap ring press down the central areas of the first circular piezoelectric sheet, the second circular piezoelectric sheet and the third circular piezoelectric sheet respectively , so that the first circular piezoelectric sheet, the second circular piezoelectric sheet, and the third circular piezoelectric sheet are deformed.

In an implementation manner, the head of the T-shaped shaft is connected with the disc spring.

In an implementation manner, the stacked piezoelectric module further includes: connected to the lower cover and used for connecting the T-shaped shaft, the first pull-out pin, the first snap ring and the first circular piezoelectric sheet , the second pull pin, the second snap ring and the second circular piezoelectric sheet, the third pull pin, the third snap ring, the third circular piezoelectric sheet, the first support, the second support and the third support The upper cover and the lower cover are fastened and connected by bolts; the upper cover is provided with a blind hole, and the blind hole and the end of the T-shaped shaft are shaft holes. It is convenient for the upper cover to transmit the load to the T-shaped shaft; the thickness of the upper cover is smaller than that of the lower cover, so that the top surface of the lower cover and the bottom surface of the third snap ring are in contact, so that all the The lower cover supports the third snap ring.

In an implementation manner, both the first support member and the second support member are configured as circular rings, the third support member is configured as a concave shape, and the concave third support member is used to limit the The maximum displacement of the T-shaped shaft can prevent the disc spring from being over-compressed and failing to recover.

In an implementation manner, the device further includes a rigid plastic plate, which is arranged below the elastic rubber block and is used for hole-shaft matching with the outer surface of the stacked piezoelectric module, Thus, the overall weight of the lower case body is reduced.

The upper surface of the upper cover bolt of the stacked piezoelectric module is flush with the upper surface of the rigid plastic plate.

In an implementation manner, both the lower box body and the rigid plastic plate are provided with wiring grooves, and the wiring grooves are used to connect the wires of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module from the The wire lead-out holes in the box are drawn out, so that the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module are connected to the wireless sensing device preset in the ground to realize the power supply function.

In an implementation manner, the wires in the wiring groove are connected to a piezoelectric energy collection circuit, and the piezoelectric energy collection circuit includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, a voltage regulator circuit and a synchronous switch circuit, wherein,

The rectifier circuit includes a rectifier bridge and a resistance-capacitance absorption circuit; the filter circuit is an LC filter circuit; the voltage-stabilizing circuit includes a voltage follower composed of a current-limiting resistor and a triode; the synchronous switch circuit uses two circuits respectively. A triode acts as a voltage comparator and a synchronous switch circuit of a voltage trigger switch.

The present invention also provides an energy harvesting method based on any one of the above solutions for a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface, wherein the method includes:

When the vehicle passes through the road surface provided with the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface, the elastic rubber block in the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface is slightly deformed under pressure, so that the The pressing plate in the elastic rubber block rotates around the rotating shaft;

When the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressing plate close to the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam moves upward, and squeezes the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam to generate a voltage;

When the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressing plate away from the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam moves downward, and squeezes the stacked piezoelectric modules to generate a voltage;

The alternating current generated by the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module is rectified, filtered and stabilized into a stable direct current, controlled by a synchronous switch, and supplied to the wireless sensor equipment of the intelligent traffic information collection system.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device applied to the road surface. It can be seen that in the present invention, the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module can be squeezed at the same time. It can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy more effectively. The generated electrical energy can be processed by the energy harvesting circuit to supply power to the wireless sensor equipment in the intelligent traffic information acquisition system. The organic combination of it makes its energy harvesting efficiency higher. In addition, the stacked piezoelectric module in the present invention combines the use of a disc spring, and because the disc spring has the advantages of small axial deformation and good vibration absorption, the stacked piezoelectric module can withstand the large load of the vehicle; The use of elastic rubber blocks, deformation limit blocks and load balancing blocks enables the entire device to ensure the comfort and safety of vehicle driving, as well as the service life and working strength of the road through micro-deformation. At the same time, the energy collection circuit in the present invention uses two triodes respectively as the voltage comparator and the synchronous switch circuit of the voltage trigger switch, which can automatically detect the output voltage of the piezoelectric generator, and then automatically control the closing of the switch. So that the road sensor device will have current passing when the voltage reaches a certain large amplitude, which ensures the stability and reliability of the road sensor device. When the transistor T2 or T3 of the synchronous switch circuit is in the off state, the synchronous switch That is, in the disconnected state, the piezoelectric energy collection circuit continues to supply power to the external load _RL by discharging the energy storage capacitor Cr.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper box in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower box in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic rubber block in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is an exploded view of a cantilever beam piezoelectric module in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a rigid plastic plate in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a specific application scenario of a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a stacked piezoelectric module in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a front cross-sectional view of a stacked piezoelectric module in a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a circuit schematic diagram of a piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit connected to a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a specific implementation manner of a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection method applied to a road surface provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numbers:

box 100 T-shaft 380 elastic rubber block 200 Disc spring 330 Piezo Module 300 first pull pin 341 platen 10 second pull pin 342 Cantilever Piezo Module 20 third pin 343 Stacked Piezo Modules 30 first snap ring 351 upper box 110 second snap ring 352 lower case 120 third snap ring 353 rectangular slot 201 The first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 Blind hole 202 The second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 load balancing block 203 The third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 Deformation limit block 204 first support 371 elastic 210 second support 372 upper piezoelectric sheet 220 third support 373 Lower piezoelectric sheet 230 rigid plastic sheet 40 Chute 101 wiring trough 50 cover 310 wire exit hole 501 lower lid 320 the seal groove 502

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

As the most important transportation facility, roads play an important role in promoting economic development and providing convenience for people's production and life. According to research, by the end of 2019, the total mileage of national highways was 5.0125 million kilometers, and the road density was 52.21 kilometers per 100 square kilometers. At the end of 2019, the national highway mileage of grade 4 and above was 4,698,700 kilometers, and the mileage of expressways was 669,400 kilometers. In September 2019, each truck traveled an average of 190 kilometers per day, transported 12.0 tons of goods, and the average distance per ton of goods was 177 kilometers. It can be seen that the recyclable energy contained in the road surface is very huge.

The number of distributed nodes of wireless sensors for road applications is large and usually distributed in a large geographical area. This makes the traditional wired power supply method unable to meet the power supply requirements of the wireless sensors in the intelligent traffic information collection system in road applications. With the rapid development of low-power embedded technology, wireless communication technology, micro-electromechanical systems and new sensing technologies, sensors for smart road applications are gradually developing towards miniaturization, wireless networking and intelligence. The application of materials to the pavement energy harvesting technology provides a good foundation.

The road carries the direct action of countless vehicles and pedestrians every day. The mechanical energy of these actions is usually reflected in the vibration, deformation, wear, cracking and other diseases of the road surface, and is finally dissipated in the environment in the form of heat energy. At this time, if the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials can be used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the waste energy can be collected and used to power the sensing nodes of traffic sensors, forming a self-powered piezoelectric traffic sensor system. The system shows great advantages.

At present, the structures of relatively mature piezoelectric energy harvesting devices mainly include cymbal structure and cantilever beam structure. Due to the need to ensure the comfort and safety of vehicles, as well as to ensure the service life and working strength of the road, the piezoelectric energy harvesting device for road needs to meet the characteristics of large load and small deformation. These two structures are directly applied to the energy in the road surface. Collection is not good. To this end, this embodiment provides a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface in this embodiment includes: There are a box body 100 , an elastic rubber block 200 arranged in the box body 100 , and a piezoelectric module 300 arranged in the elastic rubber block 200 . The piezoelectric module 300 includes a pressure plate 10 , a cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and a stacked piezoelectric module 30 . In this embodiment, the pressing plate 10 is arranged in the elastic rubber block 200 , and a rotating shaft is arranged on the pressing plate 10 . Since the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface in this embodiment is arranged in the road surface, as shown in FIG. 8 , when the vehicle drives over the road surface where the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface is embedded When the tire is under the action of the tire, the asphalt surface layer will squeeze the elastic rubber block 200, that is, the elastic rubber block 200 is under pressure, causing the elastic rubber block to be slightly deformed. At this time, the pressing plate 10 will rotate around the rotating shaft. In this embodiment, the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 is disposed on the left side of the rotating shaft, and is located obliquely above the pressure plate 10; therefore, when the pressure plate 10 rotates around the rotating shaft, the pressure plate 10 One end close to the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 moves upward, and squeezes the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 to generate a voltage by rapidly pressing the cantilever beam piezoelectric module. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the stacked piezoelectric module 30 is disposed below the pressure plate 10 . When the pressure plate 10 rotates around the rotating shaft, the pressure plate 10 is away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 . One end moves downward and presses the stacked piezoelectric module 30 , and a voltage is generated by pressing the stacked piezoelectric module 30 . It can be seen that in the present invention, voltage can be generated by simultaneously pressing the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30, which can more effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy can be used for intelligent transportation. The wireless sensor power supply in the information acquisition system.

Specifically, the box body 100 in the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface in this embodiment includes an upper box body 110 and a lower box body 120 , as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , and the The upper case body 110 and the lower case body 120 are assembled together by a detachable connection structure, for example, a bolt connection structure is used to assemble and fix the upper case body 110 and the lower case body 120 . In an implementation manner, as shown in FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, the elastic rubber block 200 is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves 201 and a plurality of blind holes 202 , and the rectangular grooves 201 are located in the elastic rubber block 200 On the left side, the blind hole 202 is located at the bottom of the elastic rubber block 200; the rectangular slot 201 is used to install the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20, and the blind hole 202 is used to install the stacked piezoelectric module 30. In specific setting, the rectangular groove 201 in this embodiment is set on the left side of the elastic rubber block 200 , because the pressing plate 10 can simultaneously press the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 20 when rotating. The module 30 is pressed, so the pressing plate 10 is arranged on the right side of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and is inclined downward, and the blind hole 202 is arranged at the bottom of the elastic rubber block 200, so that when all the When the pressing plate 10 rotates, it moves upwards and downwards at the same time. The upward moving side will squeeze the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 by squeezing the elastic rubber block 200, and the downward moving side will squeeze the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20. The stacked piezoelectric module 30 is squeezed by squeezing the elastic rubber block 200 .

In an implementation manner, there are a plurality of rectangular slots 201 in this embodiment, which are arranged in a line, and the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 is arranged in each rectangular slot 201. When the pressing plate 10 rotates , the upward moving side can squeeze all the cantilever piezoelectric modules 20 at the same time. Similarly, the blind holes 202 in this embodiment can also be arranged in multiple rows, and each row is arranged in a line, and the stacked piezoelectric modules 30 are arranged in each of the blind holes 202 . When the pressing plate 10 is rotated, the downward moving side can simultaneously press all the stacked piezoelectric modules 30 . The number of the cantilever beam piezoelectric modules 20 and the stacked piezoelectric modules 30 in this embodiment can be set according to the size of the entire device. When the size of the entire device is large, more can be set The piezoelectric module 300 (including the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30 ).

In an implementation manner, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft of the pressing plate 10 is disposed on the left side of the entire pressing plate 10 , and the left side of the pressing plate 10 is shorter and the right side is longer. As shown in FIG. 8 , when the vehicle enters from the right side, the right side of the pressing plate 10 bears the load. At this time, the pressing plate 10 can obtain a large torque, so that the left side of the pressing plate 10 can move upward and squeeze The cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 . In addition, the elastic rubber block 200 in this embodiment is provided with a load balancing block 203, and the load balancing block 203 is arranged above the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 to protect the cantilever beam piezoelectric The piezoelectric sheet of the module 20; the elastic rubber block 200 is provided with a deformation limit block 204, and the deformation limit block 204 is arranged at the bottom of the elastic rubber block 200 to limit the pressure plate 10 in the vertical direction. deformation in the direction. The load balancing block 203 in this embodiment can prevent the cantilever piezoelectric module 20 from being broken due to the concentrated load when the vehicle travels to a position above the cantilever piezoelectric module 20 , such as loss of working performance. Setting the deformation limit block 204 can well limit the maximum deformation amount of the pressing plate 10 in the vertical direction, and can prevent the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30 from working under the working conditions such as breakage and loss of working performance. . It can be seen that the load equalization block 203 and the deformation limit block 204 are provided in this embodiment, which is beneficial to ensure the uniform force of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30 and to ensure the micro-deformation of the entire application to the road surface Safety and reliability of piezoelectric energy harvesting devices.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 , the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 in this embodiment includes: an elastic member 210 , an upper layer piezoelectric sheet 220 disposed above the elastic member 210 , and an elastic member 210 disposed on the elastic member 210 . Below the lower piezoelectric sheet 230, a baffle is provided on the left side of the elastic member 210. During specific installation, the elastic member 210 , the upper piezoelectric sheet 220 and the lower piezoelectric sheet 230 are arranged in the rectangular groove 201 of the elastic rubber block 200 , and the baffle is arranged in the elastic piece 210 to the left. Since the elastic rubber block 200 is arranged in the box body 100 , a chute 101 is provided on the inner wall of the box body 100 . on the inner wall. As shown in FIG. 8 , in this embodiment, the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 is arranged in the elastic rubber block 200 , and then the elastic rubber module equipped with the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 is arranged in the lower box 120 When the upper box body 110 and the lower box body 120 are finally assembled together, the baffle plate is matched with the chute 101 on the upper box body 110 (that is, the baffle plate is engaged with the chute 101 ), so as to realize the matching relationship between the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the upper box 110 . In this embodiment, a chute 101 is provided on the upper box body 110 to cooperate with the baffle plate, which is convenient for installation. When the vehicle drives over the road surface where the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface in this embodiment is embedded, the asphalt layer will squeeze the elastic rubber block 200 under the action of the tire to cause slight deformation, and the elastic rubber block 200 drives the pressure plate 10 Do the fixed axis rotation. The pressing plate 10 presses the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 upward. Due to the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, charges of opposite polarities will be generated on the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric sheet, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric sheet will be charged with opposite polarities. Voltage builds up on the surface. In addition, the upper layer piezoelectric sheet 220 and the lower layer piezoelectric sheet 230 of the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 in this embodiment are electrically connected in two layers in series, and the polarization directions are opposite, so that the cantilever beam pressure The total output voltage and total output power in the electrical module 20 are twice that of the single-layer piezoelectric sheet.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , in this embodiment, the stacked piezoelectric module 30 includes: an upper cover 310 , a lower cover 320 , a disc spring 330 , a first pulling pin 341 , a second pulling pin 342 , a third Pull pin 343, first snap ring 351, second snap ring 352, third snap ring 353, first circular piezoelectric sheet 361, second circular piezoelectric sheet 362, third circular piezoelectric sheet 363, A support member 371 , a second support member 372 and a third support member 373 . Specifically, the first pull-out pin 341 , the second pull-out pin 342 and the third pull-out pin 343 are all used to fix the corresponding snap ring, the first snap ring 351 , the second snap ring 352 , and the third snap ring 353 are used to fix the central area of the corresponding circular piezoelectric sheet, and the first support 371, the second support 372 and the third support 373 are used to fix the outer boundary of the corresponding circular piezoelectric . During specific installation, the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361, the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 in this embodiment are arranged at intervals, and the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 A first support member 371 is disposed between the circular piezoelectric sheet 361 and the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 , and between the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 A second support 372 is provided, a third support 373 is provided between the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 and the head of the T-shaped shaft 380 , and the third support 373 is connected to the lower Cover 320 overlaps the edges. Since the first pull-out pin 341 , the second pull-out pin 342 and the third pull-out pin 343 are inserted into the through holes provided on the T-shaped shaft 380 , the lower part of the first pull-out pin 341 is provided with The first snap ring 351 is provided with the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 under the first snap ring 351 . Similarly, the second snap ring 352 is provided below the second pull pin 342 , the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 is provided below the second snap ring 352 , and the third pull pin 343 is The third snap ring 353 is arranged below, and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 is arranged below the third snap ring 353 .

Since the first pull-out pin 341 , the second pull-out pin 342 , and the third pull-out pin 343 are fixed in the T-shaped shaft 380 , the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 and the second circular The first support member 371 is arranged between the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363, and the second support member 372 is arranged between the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363. A third support member 373 is disposed between the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 and the head of the T-shaped shaft 380, and the third support member overlaps with the edge of the lower cover 320, that is, the third support member The support member 373 is fixed, so that the outer boundaries of the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 , the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 are fixed.

When the vehicle travels on the road where the stacked piezoelectric modules 30 are embedded, the asphalt layer will squeeze the elastic rubber block 200 under the action of the tire to cause slight deformation, and the elastic rubber block 200 with slight deformation will cause the T-shaped shaft 380 to be subjected to downward pressure. Therefore, the lower bottom surface of the T-shaped shaft 380 is moved downward and the disc spring 330 is compressed. When the T-shaped shaft rod 380 moves downward, since the first pull-out pin 341 , the second pull-out pin 342 and the third pull-out pin 343 are fixed in the T-shaped shaft rod 380 , the first pull-out pin 341 , the second pull-out pin 342 , and the third pull-out pin 343 are The central area of the circular piezoelectric sheet 361 , the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 will be sequentially blocked by the first snap ring 351 on the T-shaped shaft 380 . , the second snap ring 352 and the third snap ring 353 are pressed downward respectively, while the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 , the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 361 The outer boundary of the piezoelectric sheet 363 is fixed, so when the first snap ring 351 , the second snap ring 352 and the third snap ring 353 press down the first circular piezoelectric When the central area of the sheet 361, the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362, and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363, the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361, the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362. The third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 is deformed. Due to the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, the upper and lower surfaces of the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 , the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 generate polarities. In this way, a voltage will be formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 , the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 . Because the disc spring 330 has the advantages of large axial load, small axial deformation and good vibration absorption, it can satisfy the requirements of the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361 and the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 are deformed while preventing the first circular piezoelectric sheet 361, the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362 and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363 from breaking and other phenomena of loss of working performance. It is worth noting that the stacked piezoelectric module 30 in this embodiment adopts a cylindrical outer surface design, so that the stacked piezoelectric module 30 is easy to install, and the strength of the circular piezoelectric sheet is stronger than that of the rectangular piezoelectric sheet. The strength of the sheet is great.

In addition, in order to make the T-shaped shaft 380 and the disc spring 330 in more stable contact, the head of the T-shaped shaft 380 in this embodiment is connected to the disc spring 330 . In addition, the stacked piezoelectric module 30 in this embodiment further includes: connected to the lower cover 320, and used for connecting the T-shaped shaft 380, a pull-out pin, a snap ring, a circular piezoelectric sheet, and a support member The upper cover 310 covered by both, the upper cover 310 and the lower cover 320 are fastened and connected by bolts; the upper cover 310 is provided with a blind hole 202, the blind hole 202 and the T-shaped shaft 380 The end shaft holes are matched to facilitate the transmission of force, that is, when the vehicle drives over the road surface where the stacked piezoelectric modules 30 are embedded, the asphalt layer will squeeze the elastic rubber block 200 under the action of the tire to cause slight deformation, and the elastic rubber with slight deformation occurs. The block 200 transmits a downward load to the T-shaped shaft 380 through the blind hole 202 , so that the T-shaped shaft 380 moves downward and the disc spring 330 is compressed. It is worth noting that, in this embodiment, the first support member 371 and the second support member 372 are both arranged in an annular shape, and the third support member 373 is arranged in a concave shape. The third support member 373 is disposed at the bottom and overlaps with the edge of the lower cover 320. By setting the third support member 373 to be concave, it is convenient to limit the maximum displacement of the T-shaped shaft 380. Thus, the disc spring 330 is prevented from being over-compressed and failing to recover.

The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to the road surface in this embodiment further includes a rigid plastic plate 40 , as shown in FIG. 7 , the rigid plastic plate 40 is arranged below the elastic rubber block 200 , It is used for hole-shaft fit with the outer surface of the stacked piezoelectric module 30 , thereby reducing the overall weight of the lower case 120 . The upper cover 310 and the lower cover 320 of the stacked piezoelectric module 30 in this embodiment are fixed by bolts. When the stacked piezoelectric module 30 is installed, the The upper surface of the bolt of the upper cover 310 is flush with the upper surface of the hard plastic plate 40 . The upper box body 110 and the rigid plastic plate 40 are provided with wiring grooves 50 , and the lower box body 120 is provided with wire lead-out holes 501 , and the wire lead-out holes 501 are used to connect the cantilever beam to piezoelectric The wires of the module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30 are drawn out from the wiring groove 50 . The left side of the lower box body 120 is provided with a wiring slot 50, the upper surface of the rigid plastic plate 40 is provided with a wiring slot 50, and the rear side of the lower box body 120 is provided with a through hole for drawing out wires. Wires are drawn out of the box 100 so that the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30 are connected to sensors preset in the ground, so as to supply power to the wireless sensors on the road. In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , both the upper case body 110 and the lower case body 120 are provided with sealing grooves 502 , and the sealing grooves 502 are used for waterproofing.

It should be noted that the piezoelectric materials used in the cantilever beam piezoelectric module 20 and the stacked piezoelectric module 30 in this embodiment (including the upper piezoelectric sheet 220 , the lower piezoelectric sheet 230 , The first circular piezoelectric sheet 361, the second circular piezoelectric sheet 362, and the third circular piezoelectric sheet 363) are polymer piezoelectric composite materials, which both have the properties of PZT piezoelectric ceramic materials. The advantages of strong piezoelectric performance and high dielectric constant also take into account the high strength and flexibility of PVDF organic polymer materials, so it has good piezoelectric voltage constant and high thickness electromechanical coupling coefficient, which is very suitable for pavement. Energy harvesting in the environment. The upper case 110, the lower case 120, the upper cover 310, and the lower cover 320 are all rigid materials that can be slightly deformed and recovered; the elastic rubber block 200 is elastic rubber; the load equalizing block 203. The pressing plate 10, the deformation limiting block 204, the T-shaped shaft 380 of the stacked piezoelectric module 30, the first pulling pin 341, the second pulling pin 342, the third Pull pin 343 , the first snap ring 351 , the second snap ring 352 , the third snap ring 353 , the first support 371 , the second support 372 and the third support 373) are all rigid metal materials, and the rigid plastic plate 40 is made of plastic. Further, the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface in this embodiment is used to supply power to the wireless sensing device on the road surface, and the collected alternating current needs to pass through the pressure in the wiring groove 50. Electric energy harvesting circuit for conversion and processing. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 , Piezo in FIG. 11 is a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface in this embodiment, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 are diode devices, Z1 is a Zener diode device, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 are ordinary capacitor devices, C _r is a supercapacitor energy storage device, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are resistance devices, R _L is an external load, T1, T2, T3 is a triode device, and L1 is an inductive device.

In an implementation manner, the piezoelectric energy collection circuit in this embodiment includes a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, a voltage regulator circuit and a synchronous switch circuit. The main purpose of piezoelectric energy harvesting system is to provide sufficient and stable power supply for wireless sensor devices, and the energy harvesting efficiency is high.

Specifically, the rectifier circuit in this embodiment combines the use of a rectifier bridge and a resistance-capacitance absorption circuit, which can effectively suppress the instantaneous oscillation of the overvoltage, so that the waveform of the overvoltage is slowed down, the steepness and amplitude are reduced, and the The damping effect of the upper resistor makes the high frequency oscillation attenuate rapidly. Since the AC power is pulsating DC after rectification, such a DC power supply cannot be directly used as the power supply of road sensors due to its large AC ripple, so a filter circuit needs to be set up. Preferably, the filter circuit in this embodiment is an LC filter circuit, which combines the advantages of small ripple of the capacitor filter circuit and strong load capacity of the inductance filter circuit. The filter circuit in this embodiment can greatly reduce the AC ripple component, so that the rectified voltage waveform becomes smoother.

Further, due to the limitation of the maximum breakdown current value of the zener diode, the current output capability of the circuit is extremely poor, so a voltage follower composed of a current limiting resistor R5 and a triode T1 is added to the zener circuit, that is, this embodiment. The voltage-stabilizing circuit in the device is a voltage follower consisting of a current-limiting resistor and a triode, which can improve the output capability of current and power. In this embodiment, the synchronous switch circuit solves the problem that an external power supply must be connected to control the circuit switch in the traditional switch circuit and the problem that the switching frequency of the traditional switch circuit cannot be kept consistent with the external vibration at any time, thereby improving the energy harvesting circuit. collection efficiency. Specifically, this embodiment uses two transistors T2 and T3 as the voltage comparator and the synchronous switch circuit of the voltage trigger switch, which can automatically detect the output voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device, and then automatically control the closing of the switch, and The synchronous switch is turned on only when the voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device reaches a certain large amplitude, and the load _RL can only pass the current, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the load _RL . When the triode T2 or T3 of the synchronous switch circuit is in the off state, the synchronous switch is in the off state, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit continues to supply power to the external load _RL by discharging the energy storage capacitor Cr.

Further, the present invention also provides an energy collection method for a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device applied to a road surface. The method is applied to the above piezoelectric energy collection device, as shown in FIG. 12 , and the method includes:

Step S100, when the vehicle passes through the road surface provided with the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device applied to the road surface, the elastic rubber block in the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device applied to the road surface is slightly deformed by pressure, so that the elastic rubber blocks arranged on the road surface are slightly deformed. The pressing plate in the elastic rubber block rotates around the rotating shaft;

Step S200, when the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressing plate close to the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam moves upward, and squeezes the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam to generate a voltage;

Step S300, when the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, the end of the pressure plate away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module moves downward, and squeezes the stacked piezoelectric modules to generate a voltage;

Step S400 , rectify, filter, and stabilize the alternating current generated by the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric into a stable direct current, which is controlled by a synchronous switch, and supplies power to the wireless sensing device applied on the road.

The specific application description of the piezoelectric energy harvesting method in this embodiment has been described in the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

In summary, the present invention discloses a micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collection device and a collection method applied to a road surface. The device includes a box body, an elastic rubber block arranged in the box body, and an elastic rubber block arranged in the elastic rubber block. The piezoelectric module; the piezoelectric module includes a pressure plate, a cantilever beam piezoelectric module and a stacked piezoelectric module. The pressing plate is arranged in the elastic rubber block, and a rotating shaft is arranged on the pressing plate. When the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft, the end of the pressing plate close to the piezoelectric module of the cantilever beam faces the cantilever. The beam piezoelectric module is pressed to generate a voltage; an end of the pressing plate away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module is pressed against the stacked piezoelectric module to generate a voltage. In the present invention, voltage can be generated by simultaneously squeezing the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module, which can more effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy can be collected from intelligent traffic information after being processed by the energy collection circuit The wireless sensor devices in the system are powered, and the energy harvesting efficiency is higher. The stacked piezoelectric module in the present invention combines the use of a disc spring, because the disc spring has the advantages of small axial deformation and good vibration absorption, so that the stacked piezoelectric module can withstand the large load of the vehicle; The invention combines the use of elastic rubber blocks, deformation limiting blocks and load balancing blocks, so that the whole device can ensure the comfort and safety of vehicle driving, as well as the service life and working strength of the road through micro-deformation.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface is characterized by comprising a box body, an elastic rubber block arranged in the box body, and a piezoelectric module arranged in the elastic rubber block; the piezoelectric module includes:

the pressing plate is arranged in the elastic rubber block, a rotating shaft is arranged on the pressing plate, and when the elastic rubber block is pressed, the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft;

the cantilever beam piezoelectric module is arranged on the left side of the rotating shaft and is positioned above the pressing plate in an inclined mode; when the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressure plate, which is close to the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, moves upwards and extrudes the cantilever beam piezoelectric module to generate voltage;

the stacked piezoelectric module is arranged below the pressure plate, and when the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressure plate, which is far away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, moves downwards and extrudes the stacked piezoelectric module to generate voltage;

the stacked piezoelectric module is electrically connected with the cantilever beam piezoelectric module.

2. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper box body and the lower box body are provided with sealing grooves, the elastic rubber block is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves and a plurality of blind holes, the rectangular grooves are located on the left side of the elastic rubber block, and the blind holes are located at the bottom of the elastic rubber block; the rectangular groove is used for installing the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, and the blind hole is used for installing the stacking piezoelectric module.

3. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface of claim 2, wherein the cantilever beam piezoelectric module comprises: the piezoelectric device comprises an elastic piece, an upper piezoelectric piece arranged above the elastic piece and a lower piezoelectric piece arranged below the elastic piece, wherein a baffle is arranged on the left side of the elastic piece and is matched with a sliding groove in the upper box body;

the upper piezoelectric sheet and the lower piezoelectric sheet are electrically connected in series by adopting double layers, and the polarization directions are opposite.

4. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein a load balancing mass is arranged in the elastic rubber mass, and the load balancing mass is arranged above the cantilever beam piezoelectric module;

the elastic rubber block is internally provided with a deformation limiting block, and the deformation limiting block is arranged at the bottom of the elastic rubber block.

5. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface of claim 2, wherein the stacked piezoelectric module comprises: a lower cover; the disc spring is arranged in the lower cover; the T-shaped shaft rod is arranged on the disc spring; the first pulling pin, the first clamping ring, the first circular piezoelectric patch, the second pulling pin, the second clamping ring, the second circular piezoelectric patch, the third pulling pin, the third clamping ring and the third circular piezoelectric patch are sequentially arranged on the T-shaped shaft rod;

a first supporting piece is arranged between the first circular piezoelectric sheet and the second circular piezoelectric sheet, a second supporting piece is arranged between the second circular piezoelectric sheet and the third circular piezoelectric sheet, a third supporting piece is arranged between the third circular piezoelectric sheet and the head of the T-shaped shaft rod, and the third supporting piece is in lap joint with the edge of the lower cover;

when one end of the pressing plate, which is far away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, moves downwards and extrudes the stacked piezoelectric modules, the T-shaped shaft rod moves downwards and compresses the disc spring and drives the first clamping ring, the second clamping ring and the third clamping ring to respectively extrude the central regions of the first circular piezoelectric patch, the second circular piezoelectric patch and the third circular piezoelectric patch downwards, so that the first circular piezoelectric patch, the second circular piezoelectric patch and the third circular piezoelectric patch are deformed.

6. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface according to claim 5, wherein the head of the T-shaped shaft is connected with the disc spring; the first supporting piece and the second supporting piece are both arranged to be circular rings, and the third supporting piece is arranged to be concave.

7. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device applied to a road surface of claim 5, wherein the stacked piezoelectric module further comprises: the upper cover is connected with the lower cover and used for covering the T-shaped shaft rod, the first pull pin, the first clamping ring, the first circular piezoelectric patch, the second pull pin, the second clamping ring, the second circular piezoelectric patch, the third pull pin, the third clamping ring, the third circular piezoelectric patch, the first support piece, the second support piece and the third support piece, and the upper cover and the lower cover are fixedly connected through bolts; the upper cover is provided with a blind hole, and the blind hole is matched with the end part of the T-shaped shaft rod in a shaft hole manner; the thickness of the upper cover is smaller than that of the lower cover.

8. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy harvesting device for road surface application according to claim 5, further comprising a rigid plastic plate disposed below the elastic rubber block for hole-shaft engagement with the outer surface of the stacked piezoelectric modules; the upper surface of an upper cover bolt of the stacked piezoelectric module is flush with the upper surface of the hard plastic plate;

the lower box body and the hard plastic plate are provided with wiring grooves, and the wiring grooves are used for leading out the cantilever beam piezoelectric modules and the electric wires of the stacked piezoelectric modules from the electric wire leading-out holes in the lower box body, so that the cantilever beam piezoelectric modules are connected with the stacked piezoelectric modules and wireless sensing equipment preset in the ground.

9. The micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device for road surface according to claim 8, wherein the wires in the wiring groove are connected to a piezoelectric energy collecting circuit comprising a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a synchronous switching circuit,

the rectifying circuit comprises a rectifying bridge and a resistance-capacitance absorption circuit; the filter circuit is an LC filter circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage follower consisting of a current limiting resistor and a triode; the synchronous switch circuit is a synchronous switch circuit which respectively uses two triodes as a voltage comparator and a voltage trigger switch.

10. An energy collecting method based on the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface of any one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

when a vehicle passes through a road surface provided with the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface, an elastic rubber block in the micro-deformation piezoelectric energy collecting device applied to the road surface is subjected to pressure to generate micro-deformation, so that a pressure plate arranged in the elastic rubber block rotates around a rotating shaft;

when the pressing plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressing plate, which is close to the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, moves upwards and presses the cantilever beam piezoelectric module to generate voltage;

when the pressure plate rotates around the rotating shaft, one end of the pressure plate, which is far away from the cantilever beam piezoelectric module, moves downwards and presses the stacked piezoelectric modules to generate voltage;

and alternating currents generated by the cantilever beam piezoelectric module and the stacked piezoelectric module are rectified, filtered and stabilized to form stable direct currents, and the stable direct currents are controlled by a synchronous switch and supply power to wireless sensing equipment of the intelligent traffic information acquisition system.

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