CN112053791B - Non-time-limit passive combined heat removal system with integrated heat release trap - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a timeless passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat release trap. An integrated heat release trap is provided in the middle and lower part of the interlayer gas space of the double-layer coagulated containment vessel. The integrated heat release trap is made of corrosion-resistant metal An annular water pool surrounded by plates, the inner containment wall of the upper air space of the containment interlayer is provided with at least one set of communication pipelines leading to the internal air space of the containment and a one-way valve, and the integrated heat release well is connected with a safety Shell rapid pressure relief system, automatic pressure relief system, passive waste heat discharge system, passive low pressure safety injection system, passive reactor cavity water injection system, filter discharge system, the invention is used to simplify the reactor system layout of nuclear power plants and reduce the containment volume , Provide timeless heat export for the containment, and finally provide a feasible solution for improving the economy and passive safety of advanced nuclear power plants.

Description

A timeless passive combined heat removal system with integrated heat sink

technical field

The invention relates to a passive safety system in an advanced nuclear power plant, in particular to a timeless passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat sink.

Background technique

Since the large-scale commercial use of nuclear energy in the 1960s and 1970s, it has provided mankind with clean and efficient energy for a long time. Due to the potential radioactive risks in the operation of nuclear power plants, their safety has always been highly concerned by people in the industry, especially R&D personnel.

So far, there have been three relatively serious accidents in the field of nuclear energy: the first is the Three Mile Island nuclear accident in the United States, the second is the Chernobyl nuclear accident in the Soviet Union, and the third is the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan. The profound lessons learned from the three nuclear accidents are that human error is likely to lead to serious accidents in the reactor; active safety facilities have greater safety hazards under the conditions of power failure in the whole plant. How to use the passive safety system to remove the waste heat in the reactor/containment for a long time to enhance the inherent safety of the nuclear power plant and provide sufficient judgment time for the operator's intervention has become one of the focuses of the third-generation nuclear power unit research and development.

my country's third-generation nuclear power unit "Hualong One", which has completely independent property rights, innovatively introduced the design concept of combining active and passive for potential reactor accidents. In terms of passive safety systems, a passive safety injection system, a passive waste heat removal system, and a passive reactor cavity water injection system are provided for the main coolant circuit and the secondary side. The last safety barrier for nuclear power plants—the double-layer concrete containment vessel is equipped with a passive containment heat export system. The coordinated operation of these systems can effectively resist the blackout accident of the nuclear power plant and provide the operator with 72 hours of non-intervention time.

With regard to advanced nuclear technology, existing invention patents disclose some passive safety systems. Among them, patents with publication numbers CN111128414A and CN111383782A provide several passive safety systems, including passive containment heat removal system, secondary side passive waste heat removal system, passive safety injection system, etc., the authorization number is CN209149827U, publication number Patent CN110021447A provides a passive secondary side waste heat removal system, and patents with publication numbers CN110400644A and CN106024077A respectively disclose a passive containment heat removal system. The characteristic of these patents is that they mainly focus on the layout scheme of each passive system, and do not consider the mutual relationship between different passive safety systems in design. Typically, different passive safety systems have their own heat sinks, which leads to the need to arrange multiple cooling water tanks/water storage tanks at different spatial positions inside/outside the containment, which is not conducive to the simplification and integration of complex circuits in nuclear power plants. Reduced construction costs.

In terms of heat export from the containment, according to the progress of the accident, two pressure peaks will be formed in the gas space inside the containment, one is the first one with a higher amplitude formed in the containment within tens of seconds of the initial stage of large breach discharge. The pressure peak, the second is the second pressure peak formed during the long-term cooling process of the core after reflooding. With regard to the solution for pressure relief in the gas space of the containment, the published patents are mainly aimed at the second peak pressure, and there is no effective solution for relieving the first peak pressure of the containment, mainly by increasing the volume of the containment as much as possible to enhance safety. The buffer capacity of the shell gas space, which increases the volume and construction cost of the nuclear power plant containment.

It can be seen that the further development of existing passive safety systems is mainly limited by the following three points: first, how to effectively deal with the first pressure peak of a large breach accident with a small containment volume; second, how to effectively integrate different The heat release sink of the passive system to simplify the system layout and reduce equipment redundancy; the third is how to complete the unlimited time-limited heat export of the containment.

Therefore, it is necessary to invent a timeless passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat release sink to simplify the layout of the reactor system, reduce the volume of the containment vessel, provide timeless heat export for the containment vessel, and ultimately provide a basis for the development of advanced nuclear power plants. Economical and passive safety provide a feasible solution.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a timeless passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat sink, which is used to simplify the layout of the nuclear power plant reactor system, reduce the volume of the containment vessel, provide timeless heat export for the containment vessel, and ultimately provide It provides a feasible solution to improve the economics and passive safety of advanced nuclear power plants.

The object of the present invention is achieved in this way: an integrated heat release well is arranged in the middle and lower part of the interlayer gas space of the double-layer coagulated containment, the integrated heat release well is an annular pool surrounded by corrosion-resistant metal plates, and the upper part of the containment interlayer The inner containment wall of the air space is provided with at least one set of communication pipelines and one-way valves leading to the inner air space of the containment. Passive waste heat removal system, passive low-pressure safety injection system, passive reactor cavity water injection system, filter discharge system, containment rapid pressure relief system, automatic pressure relief system, passive waste heat removal system, passive low-pressure safety injection system, non-active The number of active reactor cavity water injection systems, filtration and discharge systems, and the number of communication pipelines leading to the gas space inside the containment and the number of one-way valve groups are the same.

The present invention also includes such structural features:

1. It also includes the passive containment heat export system with no time limit. The number of passive containment heat export systems with no time limit is the same as the number of connecting pipelines and check valve groups leading to the gas space inside the containment. The passive safety vessel with no time limit The shell heat export system includes an external natural ventilation air cooler, cold pipe section, containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger, and heat pipe section. The containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger is arranged in the double-layer concrete containment interlayer, and the external natural ventilation air cooling The machine includes umbrella-mounted baffles, air inlets, exhaust ports, reducers, filters, and the filters are connected to the cold pipe section. The end of the cold pipe section is connected to the lower end of the containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger. It is connected to the exhaust port, and the other end is connected to the interlayer PCS heat exchanger of the containment vessel.

2. The rapid pressure relief system of the containment vessel includes a rapid pressure relief pipeline arranged in the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap. The inlet end of the rapid pressure relief pipeline passes through the inner shell of the double-layer shell and extends into the air space inside the containment vessel middle.

3. The automatic pressure relief system includes an automatic pressure relief pipeline and an automatic pressure relief valve installed on the automatic pressure relief pipeline. Protrudes into the lower water space of the integrated heat trap.

4. The passive waste heat removal system is arranged on the main coolant circuit of the reactor, including the inlet pipeline, the passive waste heat removal heat exchanger, and the outlet pipeline connected in sequence. Valves are installed on the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline, and the inlet pipeline is connected to the steam generator. The heat pipe section of the main coolant circuit at the front end of the steam generator, the outlet pipeline is connected to the cold pipe section of the main coolant circuit at the rear end of the steam generator, and the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger is immersed in the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap.

5. The passive low-pressure safety injection system includes a passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline and a one-way valve. The inlet section of the passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline is located in the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap, and the outlet section is connected to the wall of the reactor pressure vessel. The one-way valve only allows the cooling water to flow from the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap to the inside of the reactor pressure vessel.

6. The passive reactor cavity water injection system includes a reactor cavity water injection pipeline and a one-way water injection valve. The inlet end of the reactor cavity water injection pipeline is immersed in the lower water space of the integrated heat release well, and the outlet end is connected to the outer wall of the reactor pressure vessel and the insulation layer. In the sandwich channel formed by the wall.

7. The filter discharge system includes a primary water washing filter system and a secondary filter discharge system. The primary water wash filter system includes a quick pressure relief pipeline and an integrated heat release trap. The secondary filter discharge system includes a filter discharge valve, a filter discharge pipeline, and a filter discharge One end of the filter discharge pipeline extends into the upper air space of the containment interlayer, and the other end is connected to the filter discharge device.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) The integrated heat release trap designed in the present invention makes full use of the large space volume in the interlayer area of the double-layer concrete containment vessel. This compact layout scheme can avoid the arrangement of built-in refueling water tanks and passive reactor chambers in the gas space inside the containment vessel. Many cooling water sources such as water injection tanks can effectively simplify the layout of the reactor system on the basis of ensuring the inherent safety of the reactor.

2) The external natural ventilation air-cooling structure set in the timeless passive containment heat export system can avoid arranging large-scale heat exchange tanks outside the containment. Compared with the heat exchange tank, the naturally ventilated air-cooled structure can achieve unlimited time-limited heat export from the containment, and has good anti-sway and anti-seismic capabilities under marine or earthquake conditions. In addition, it also has less environmental pollution and long equipment life. , Low maintenance costs and other advantages.

3) The design of the containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger directly above the integrated heat release trap can recycle the condensed water for reuse. The condensed water falls back into the internal water space of the integrated heat release trap. On the basis of ensuring the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger, the condensed water is fully recovered and reused.

4) The containment rapid decompression system composed of the containment rapid decompression pipeline and the integrated heat release well can effectively resist the first pressure peak formed in the containment under the condition of the reactor large breach accident, thereby avoiding the existing third In the PWR nuclear power technology, increasing the volume of the containment as much as possible to alleviate the shortage of pressure peaks will help to greatly reduce the volume of the containment and reduce the construction cost of the containment.

5) The integrated heat release well located in the interlayer area of the double-layer concrete containment can provide sufficient cooling water for the automatic pressure relief system, passive waste heat removal system, passive low pressure safety injection system, and passive reactor cavity water injection system. The sufficient cooling water in the heat release trap and the external natural ventilation air cooling structure can replace the existence of the PCS external water tank. In addition, the combination of compact integrated heat release sinks and various passive heat removal systems can improve the economics of nuclear power plants on the basis of ensuring the safety of nuclear power plants.

6) The containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger set in the timeless passive containment heat export system can effectively deal with various accident conditions. Under the accident condition of the secondary side of the steam emitter, the interlayer heat exchanger of the containment PCS can be combined with the passive waste heat removal system to discharge the heat in the reactor. Under breach accident conditions, the combination of containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger and containment rapid pressure relief system can effectively deal with the two pressure peaks in the containment.

7) By setting a connecting pipeline and a one-way valve leading to the inner gas space of the containment in the upper gas space of the containment interlayer, it is possible to effectively balance the integrated heat release well and the gas in the containment interlayer on the basis of ensuring that each system performs passive safety functions. The pressure between the space and the gas space inside the containment vessel.

8) The first-stage water washing filter system composed of the containment rapid pressure relief pipeline and the integrated heat release well water space can realize the residence of most water-soluble radioactive substances during operation, and can effectively reduce the filtration rate of the second-stage filter discharge device. load.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Because different passive systems in the existing passive safety system design schemes of nuclear power plants have their own cooling water tanks/heat sinks, this is not conducive to the simplification of system equipment in the containment, and does not make full use of the space inside the containment. In addition, the existing containment passive heat removal system is mainly used to alleviate the second pressure peak in the containment under breach accident conditions, but there is no effective solution for the relief of the first pressure peak. Based on the large available space in the interlayer of the double-layer concrete containment vessel, the present invention arranges an integrated heat release trap in the air space of the interlayer, which can provide cooling water sources for multiple passive safety systems, thereby helping to simplify system layout. The rapid pressure relief system of the containment composed of the rapid pressure relief pipeline and the integrated heat release trap can effectively resist the first pressure peak in the containment under a breach accident, thereby significantly reducing the volume of the containment and reducing the construction cost of the nuclear power plant.

The invention provides a timeless passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat release trap, including an integrated heat release trap, a containment fast pressure relief system, an automatic pressure relief system, a passive waste heat discharge system, and a passive low pressure safety injection system , passive reactor cavity water injection system, timeless passive containment heat transfer system (PCS) and filter discharge system.

The integrated heat release well is located in the middle and lower part of the interlayer gas space 1 of the double-layer coagulated containment vessel, specifically a large-scale annular pool surrounded by stainless steel plates or other corrosion-resistant metal plates 2, the interior is a water space 4, and the containment vessel In the upper air space 6 of the interlayer, a communication pipeline 11 leading to the inner air space 10 of the containment and a one-way valve 12 are arranged on the inner containment wall 9 . The communication pipeline 11 and the one-way valve 12 located in the upper gas space 6 of the containment interlayer only allow gas to be discharged from the gas space 6 in the interlayer of the containment to the gas space 10 inside the containment.

The containment rapid pressure relief system is composed of a rapid pressure relief pipeline 13 and an integrated heat release well. The inlet end of the pressure relief pipeline 13 is located in the gas space 10 inside the containment vessel, and the pipeline passes through the wall of the inner containment vessel and extends into the interlayer of the containment vessel In the upper air space, the outlet end is located in the water space 4 of the integrated heat release trap.

The automatic pressure relief system is composed of an automatic pressure relief pipeline 14, an automatic pressure relief valve 15 and an integrated heat release well. Water space 4 can also be described as follows: the inlet end of the pressure relief pipeline is connected to the top of the reactor pressurizer and communicates with the internal air cavity of the pressurizer; the outlet end extends into the integrated heat release trap and is immersed in the internal water space; the automatic pressure relief valve is installed The pressure relief pipeline is controlled by the reactor accident alarm signal.

The passive waste heat removal system is preferably arranged in the reactor main coolant circuit 17, and is composed of an inlet pipeline 18, a valve 19, a passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger 20, an outlet pipeline 21, and a valve 22. The inlet pipeline is located in the steam generator The heat pipe section of the main coolant circuit at the front end, the outlet pipeline is located at the cold pipe section of the main coolant circuit at the rear end of the steam generator, and the passive waste heat discharge heat exchanger is immersed in the water space inside the integrated heat release trap, specifically: the inlet pipeline 18 is connected to The hot pipe section 23 of the primary side cooling water circuit, and the outlet pipeline 21 is connected to the cold pipe section 24 of the primary side cooling water circuit. The passive waste heat removal system described above can also be applied to the secondary side of the steam generator in a similar arrangement.

The passive low-pressure safety injection system is composed of an integrated heat release well, a passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline 25 and a check valve 26. The entrance section of the passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline 25 is located in the water space 4 of the integrated heat release well. The outlet section of the low-pressure safety injection pipeline 25 is connected to the wall of the reactor pressure vessel 27, and the one-way valve 26 only allows cooling water to flow from the water space 4 of the integrated heat release trap to the inside of the reactor pressure vessel 27.

The passive reactor cavity water injection system is composed of an integrated heat release well, a reactor cavity water injection pipeline 28 and a one-way water injection valve 29. The inlet end of the reactor cavity water injection pipeline 28 is immersed in the water space 4 of the integrated heat release well, and the outlet end is connected to the water space 4 of the integrated heat release well. Inside the interlayer flow channel 32 formed by the outer wall surface 30 of the pressure vessel and the inner wall surface 31 of the insulation layer.

The timeless passive containment heat export system includes an external natural ventilation air cooler 33 , a cold pipe section 34 , a containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger 35 , and a heat pipe section 37 . The containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger 35 is preferably arranged annularly in the double-layer concrete containment interlayer.

The external natural ventilation air cooler 33 includes an umbrella baffle 36 , an air inlet 5 , an air outlet 3 , a reducer 39 and a filter 38 . The umbrella-mounted baffle 36 can effectively protect the air-cooled structure in rainy and snowy weather, and the filter 38 can be used to prevent external organisms and impurities from entering the air-cooled structure 33 .

The filter discharge system is composed of containment rapid pressure relief pipeline 13, integrated heat release trap, filter discharge valve 40, filter discharge pipeline 41 and filter discharge device 42, wherein the inlet end of filter discharge pipeline 41 extends into the containment interlayer The upper air space 6 is connected to the filter discharge device 42 at the other end. The quick pressure relief pipeline 13 and the integrated heat release trap form a first-stage water washing filter system, and the filter discharge valve 40, filter discharge pipeline 41 and filter discharge device 42 form a secondary filter discharge system. .

The invention is mainly used for mitigating the breach accidents of the main cooling water circuit, the breach accident of the main steam pipeline, the water supply accident of the secondary side of the steam generator and the like which may occur in the operation process of the nuclear power plant. In the event of a loss of water accident in the reactor, especially a small breach accident, the reactor main coolant circuit needs to be rapidly depressurized so that the external cooling water can be passively injected into the reactor main coolant circuit 17 under low pressure. Under such accident conditions, the automatic pressure relief system located on the upper part of the main coolant circuit voltage stabilizer 43 starts to operate. Under the action of the accident trigger signal, the automatic pressure relief valve 16 is opened, and the high-temperature steam in the gas space 16 of the pressurizer is passed through the pressure relief line 14 into the water space 4 of the integrated heat release trap to complete the pressure relief process of the main coolant circuit. The large amount of cooling water in the integrated heat sink can effectively accommodate the energy released by the automatic pressure relief process. When the pressure in the reactor main coolant circuit 17 was reduced to close to normal pressure, the passive low-pressure safety injection system started to operate, and the cooling water in the water space 4 of the integrated heat release trap was passed into the reactor pressure vessel 27 through the low-pressure safety injection pipeline 25 to Make sure the reactor core is submerged.

In the event of a fusion reactor accident, the passive reactor cavity water injection system starts to operate, the one-way valve 29 is automatically opened, and the cooling water in the water space 4 of the integrated heat release well flows into the pressure vessel outer wall 30 and heat preservation through the reactor cavity water injection pipeline 29 In the interlayer flow channel 32 formed by the inner wall surface 31 of the layer, the pressure vessel 27 is cooled to prevent it from melting through.

When the steam generator 44 has a break accident in the main steam pipe or the water supply system works abnormally, the secondary side of the steam generator will lose its heat removal capacity. In order to ensure the effective derivation of heat from the main reactor cooling water circuit 17 under such accident conditions, the passive waste heat removal system provided by the present invention starts to operate. The isolation valves 19 and 22 of the passive waste heat removal system are automatically opened under the trigger of the accident signal, and the coolant in the heat pipe section 23 of the reactor main cooling water circuit enters the heat exchanger 20 of the passive waste heat removal system through the inlet pipeline 18, and passes through the outlet pipeline after cooling 21 returns to the main coolant circuit 17. Among them, the heat exchanger 20 of the passive waste heat removal system is submerged in the water space 4 of the integrated heat release well, and sufficient water content in the integrated heat release well can provide a long-term heat sink for the operation of the passive waste heat removal system.

When a large breach loss of water accident occurs in the reactor, a large amount of high-temperature steam will be sprayed into the gas space 10 of the containment vessel, resulting in an increase in the pressure inside the containment vessel. According to the progress of the accident, two pressure peaks will be formed in the gas space inside the containment vessel. One is the first pressure peak with a higher amplitude formed in the containment within tens of seconds at the initial stage of breach blowout, and the other is the pressure peak in the core. The second pressure peak formed during the long cooling process after reflooding.

The present invention relieves the first pressure peak by means of a rapid pressure relief system consisting of a rapid pressure relief line 13 and an integrated thermal trap. Under the condition of a large breach loss of water accident, the high-pressure steam-air mixture in the containment 10 will enter the integrated heat release trap water space 4 through the rapid pressure relief pipeline 13, and the cooling water will effectively relieve the containment by condensing the steam in the mixture. The first pressure peak. In order to balance the pressure between the integrated heat release well and other gas regions during the long-term development of the accident, the inner containment wall 9 of the upper gas space 5 of the containment interlayer is provided with a connecting pipeline 11 leading to the gas space 10 inside the containment and Check valve 12.

For the second peak pressure, the present invention sets a timeless passive containment heat export system consisting of an external natural ventilation air-cooling structure 33, a cold pipe section 34, a containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger 35, and a heat pipe section 37. Wherein, the containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger 35 is arranged in the interlayer gas space 6 between the inner containment vessel 9 and the outer containment vessel 45 .

During the long-term development of the accident, since the outside of the containment adopts a natural ventilation air-cooling structure33, it can provide unlimited heat export for the containment. When the containment gas space 10 reaches a higher pressure, the gas can enter the water space 4 of the integrated heat release trap through the rapid pressure relief pipeline 13 . As a result, the gas enters the containment interlayer gas space 6, and the heat it carries is exported through the containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger 35, and the condensed water falls back into the integrated heat release trap, which can realize the recovery and reuse of condensed water.

During the depressurization stage of the containment gas space 10, the pressure of the containment interlayer gas space 6 is relatively high. When a certain pressure difference is formed between the containment interlayer gas space 6 and the containment internal gas space 10, the gas in the containment interlayer is discharged to the containment internal gas through the communication pipeline 11 and the check valve 12 in the upper gas space 6 of the containment interlayer. The space 10 finally realizes the pressure balance between the gas space 6 in the interlayer of the containment and the gas space 10 inside the containment.

When the pressure inside the containment gas space 10 is too high due to unexpected accident conditions, the filter and discharge valve 40 is opened under the trigger of the containment high pressure signal, and the containment filter and discharge system starts to operate. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas with radioactive substances inside the containment gas space 10 first enters the first-stage water washing and filtering system composed of the rapid pressure relief pipeline 13 and the integrated heat release trap. This process makes most of the water-soluble radioactive substances reside in the integrated Water space for heat release trap4. After one-stage water washing and filtration, the mixed gas enters the containment interlayer gas space 6 from the integrated heat release trap, and then enters the filter discharge device 42 through the filter discharge pipeline 41, and the radioactively filtered gas is finally discharged to the external environment.

In summary, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a timeless passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat release trap, which is mainly composed of an integrated heat release trap, a containment rapid pressure relief system, an automatic pressure relief system, and passive waste heat discharge System, passive low-pressure safety injection system, passive reactor cavity water injection system, timeless passive containment heat export system (PCS) and filter discharge system. The integrated heat release well, as the key cold source under various reactor accidents, is arranged in the middle and lower part of the annular interlayer of the double-layer concrete containment, and the bottom and sides are surrounded by stainless steel plates to form a large-scale annular pool. The timeless passive containment heat export system consists of an external natural ventilation air-cooling structure, a heat exchanger built in the upper air space of the double-layer concrete containment interlayer, and inlet and outlet pipelines. In the event of a loss of water accident in the reactor and failure of the secondary side of the steam generator, the integrated heat sink can provide a heat sink for the automatic pressure relief system and the heat exchanger of the passive waste heat removal system, and provide a heat sink for the passive low pressure safety injection system. And the passive reactor cavity water injection system provides sufficient cooling water source. Under severe accident conditions caused by a large breach loss of water accident, the integrated heat release well combined with the rapid pressure relief pipeline of the containment can effectively resist the first pressure peak in the containment, combined with the timeless passive containment heat export system and filter discharge device The combined action can effectively relieve the second pressure peak in the containment and achieve radioactive containment. The design of the integrated heat release trap and the timeless passive containment heat export system makes full use of the interlayer space of the double-layer concrete containment, which can provide sufficient cold sources for various passive safety systems, and will help greatly reduce the containment gas pressure. The space is large and the anti-seismic ability is strong, and the heat in the containment can be exported without a time limit, thereby providing a feasible solution for improving the economy and passive safety of advanced nuclear power plants.

Claims (8)

1. A non-time-limited passive combined heat removal system with an integrated heat release trap is characterized in that: the integrated heat release trap is an annular water pool surrounded by corrosion-resistant metal plates, at least one group of communication pipelines and one-way valves leading to the internal gas space of the containment are arranged on the inner containment wall surface of the gas space on the upper part of the containment interlayer, and the integrated heat release trap is connected with a rapid containment pressure release system, an automatic pressure release system, a passive residual heat discharge system, a passive low-pressure passive reactor injection system, a passive reactor cavity water injection system and a filtering and discharging system, wherein the number of the rapid containment pressure release system, the automatic pressure release system, the passive residual heat discharge system, the passive low-pressure passive reactor injection system, the passive reactor cavity water injection system and the filtering and discharging system is the same as the number of the communication pipelines and the one-way valve groups leading to the internal gas space; the integrated heat release trap and the non-time-limit passive containment heat derivation system are combined to effectively resist a first pressure peak in the containment according to the process of accident development, and effectively relieve a second pressure peak in the containment and realize radioactive residence under the combined action of the integrated heat release trap, the non-time-limit passive containment heat derivation system and the filtering and discharging system.

2. A non-time-limited passive combined heat removal system with integrated heat sink according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the non-time-limit passive containment heat leading-out systems is the same as that of communication pipelines and check valve groups leading to a containment internal air space, a containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger is arranged in a double-layer concrete containment interlayer, an external natural ventilation type air cooler comprises an umbrella-mounted baffle, an air inlet, an air outlet, a reducing pipe and a filter, the filter is connected with a cold pipe section, the end part of the cold pipe section is connected with the lower end of the containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger, one end of the hot pipe section is connected with the air outlet, and the other end of the hot pipe section is connected with the containment interlayer PCS heat exchanger.

3. A non-time-limited passive combined heat rejection system with integrated heat rejection trap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the quick pressure relief system of the containment comprises a quick pressure relief pipeline arranged in the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap, and the inlet end of the quick pressure relief pipeline penetrates through the inner shell of the double-layer shell and extends into the air space inside the containment.

4. A non-time-limited passive combined heat removal system with integrated heat sink according to claim 3, wherein: the automatic pressure relief system comprises an automatic pressure relief pipeline and an automatic pressure relief valve arranged on the automatic pressure relief pipeline, wherein the inlet end of the automatic pressure relief pipeline is communicated with the air cavity of the pressure stabilizer on the main coolant loop, and the outlet end of the automatic pressure relief pipeline extends into the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap.

5. A non-time-limited passive combined heat rejection system with integrated heat release traps according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the passive residual heat removal system is arranged on a reactor main coolant loop and comprises an inlet pipeline, a passive residual heat removal heat exchanger and an outlet pipeline which are sequentially connected, valves are arranged on the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline, the inlet pipeline is connected with a main coolant loop heat pipe section at the front end of the steam generator, the outlet pipeline is connected with a main coolant loop cold pipe section at the rear end of the steam generator, and the passive residual heat removal heat exchanger is immersed in a lower water space of the integrated heat release trap.

6. A non-time-limited passive combined heat removal system with integrated heat release traps according to claim 5, characterized in that: the passive low-pressure safety injection system comprises a passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline and a one-way valve, wherein the inlet section of the passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline is positioned in the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap, the outlet section of the passive low-pressure safety injection pipeline is connected to the wall surface of the reactor pressure vessel, and the one-way valve only allows cooling water to flow from the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap to the interior of the reactor pressure vessel.

7. A non-time-limited passive combined heat rejection system with integrated heat rejection trap according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: the passive reactor cavity water injection system comprises a reactor cavity water injection pipeline and a one-way water injection valve, wherein the inlet end of the reactor cavity water injection pipeline is immersed in the lower water space of the integrated heat release trap, and the outlet end of the reactor cavity water injection pipeline is connected in an interlayer flow channel formed by the outer wall surface of the reactor pressure vessel and the inner wall surface of the heat insulation layer.

8. A non-time-limited passive combined heat removal system with integrated heat sink according to claim 7, wherein: the filtering and discharging system comprises a primary washing and filtering system and a secondary filtering and discharging system, the primary washing and filtering system comprises a quick pressure relief pipeline and an integrated heat release trap, the secondary filtering and discharging system comprises a filtering and discharging valve, a filtering and discharging pipeline and a filtering and discharging device, and the end of the filtering and discharging pipeline extends into the air space on the upper part of the containment interlayer and the other end of the filtering and discharging pipeline is connected with the filtering and discharging device.

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