CN112051885B - Voltage regulation circuit and method - Google Patents
Voltage regulation circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112051885B CN112051885B CN202010934331.8A CN202010934331A CN112051885B CN 112051885 B CN112051885 B CN 112051885B CN 202010934331 A CN202010934331 A CN 202010934331A CN 112051885 B CN112051885 B CN 112051885B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
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Abstract
The invention discloses a voltage regulating circuit and a voltage regulating method, wherein the voltage regulating circuit comprises a power tube and a driving control circuit thereof, the power tube receives input voltage, the power tube is regulated by the driving control circuit to output expected output voltage, the driving control circuit is connected with a control end of the power tube, the input voltage is provided with a high potential end and a low potential end, one power end of the power tube is connected with one of the high potential end and the low potential end of the input voltage, one end connected with the power tube is used as a first end of the input voltage, the other end of the power tube is used as a second end of the input voltage, the second end of the input voltage and the other power end of the power tube are used as output ends together, at least one impedance element is connected in series in a loop comprising the input voltage and the power tube, and when the temperature of the power tube reaches the upper temperature limit, the power tube works in a switching mode. According to the invention, the heating value of the power tube is greatly reduced, and the lightning protection and surge functions of the circuit are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a voltage regulating circuit and a voltage regulating method.
Background
A linear voltage regulation circuit is a form of circuit implementation that implements input-output voltage conversion. When the input and output voltage is high voltage, such as hundreds of volts or even hundreds of volts, the two ends of the power tube can bear corresponding high voltage, the power tube can generate heat under the use condition of continuous high voltage, the normal work of the voltage regulating circuit can be influenced when the temperature is too high, the over-temperature protection is triggered, and even the power tube is damaged.
The prior art employs a voltage regulating circuit as shown in fig. 1, which receives an input voltage Vin, and outputs a desired output voltage Vout at an output terminal by regulating the voltage received by the power transistor M20. Taking the input voltage Vin of 500V and the expected output voltage of 400V as an example, the power transistor M20 needs to withstand 100V and operate in the linear region. However, the power tube M20 is too high in temperature due to the long-term bearing of such high voltage, so that the normal operation of the circuit is affected. In addition, the prior art lacks the lightning protection function of low-power consumption, and if the lightning protection function is applicable in the power industry field, potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a voltage regulating circuit for reducing the heat generation of a power tube, which is used for solving the technical problem of larger heat generation of the power tube in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the voltage regulating circuit with the following structure is provided, the voltage regulating circuit comprises a power tube and a driving control circuit thereof, the power tube receives input voltage, and the driving control circuit is used for regulating the power tube so as to output expected output voltage;
The power tube is provided with a first power end, a second power end and a control end, the driving control circuit is connected with the control end of the power tube, and the input voltage is provided with a high potential end and a low potential end;
One power end of the power tube is connected with one of the high potential end and the low potential end of the input voltage, one end connected with the power tube is used as a first end of the input voltage, the other end is used as a second end of the input voltage, the second end of the input voltage and the other power end of the power tube are used as output ends together, and the voltage between the second end and the other power end is used as output voltage;
At least one impedance element is connected in series in a loop comprising an input voltage and a power tube, and when the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold, the power tube works in a switch mode.
Optionally, in the switch mode, after the power tube is turned on, when the output voltage reaches a first threshold, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage drops to a second threshold, the power tube is turned on again, and when the temperature of the power tube is lower than a second temperature trigger threshold, the switch mode is exited, wherein the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the first temperature trigger threshold is greater than the second temperature trigger threshold.
Optionally, in the non-switching mode, the voltage across the power tube is the difference between the input voltage and the expected output voltage.
Optionally, in a loop formed between the power tube and the input voltage during the on period of the power tube, the heat generated by the current flowing through the impedance element is larger than the heat generated by the power tube, and during the off period of the power tube, neither the power tube nor the impedance element generates heat.
Optionally, the output end is connected with a switching power supply, and after the switching power supply performs voltage conversion on the output voltage, a power supply voltage is output, and the load is powered by the power supply voltage.
Optionally, the switching power supply is a flyback converter, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor and a primary side switching tube, the primary side inductor is connected with the primary side switching tube, and the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is connected with the control end of the power tube through a unidirectional conducting element and a first resistor.
Optionally, the impedance element is a resistor or a switch tube, and the resistance value of the access loop of the impedance element is 20 ohms-100 ohms.
The invention also provides another technical solution, which is to provide a voltage regulating method based on the voltage regulating circuit, comprising the following steps:
1) The input voltage supplies power to the power tube, the power tube works in a linear region, and the power tube is regulated by the drive control circuit so as to output expected output voltage at an output end;
2) When the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold, the power tube works in a switch mode, when the output voltage reaches a first threshold after the power tube is conducted in the switch mode, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage drops to a second threshold, the power tube is conducted again, when the temperature of the power tube is lower than the second temperature trigger threshold, the power tube exits from the switch mode, and the first threshold is larger than the second threshold.
Optionally, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with a switching power supply, and after the switching power supply performs voltage conversion on the output voltage, a power supply voltage is output, and the power supply voltage is used for supplying power to the load.
Optionally, the switching power supply is a flyback converter, when the output voltage supplies power to the flyback converter, the output end of the output voltage is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor and a primary side switching tube, the primary side inductor is connected with the primary side switching tube, the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is connected with the control end of the power tube through a unidirectional conducting element, the voltage of the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is higher than the output voltage, and when the input voltage is lower, the voltage is transmitted to the control end of the power tube through the unidirectional conducting element so as to conduct the power tube and supply power to the driving control circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the circuit structure and the method have the advantages that the impedance element is connected into the main loop, when the temperature of the power tube is too high, the power tube enters a switch mode, input voltage is mainly applied to the impedance element, and the heating value is greatly reduced during the conduction of the power tube, so that the power tube is restored to the normal temperature, and the lightning protection and surge functions of the circuit are improved due to the fact that the impedance element is connected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a prior art linear voltage regulator circuit;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a voltage regulator circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the waveforms of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mode control structure.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments only. The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will be fully understood to those skilled in the art without such details.
The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a simplified form and are not to scale precisely, but rather are merely intended to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a circuit configuration of the voltage regulating circuit of the present invention is illustrated. The voltage regulating circuit comprises a power tube M1 and a driving control circuit thereof, wherein the power tube M1 receives an input voltage Vin, and the power tube M1 is regulated by the driving control circuit so as to output an expected output voltage;
In this embodiment, the power tube M1 is provided with a first power end (drain D), a second power end (source S) and a control end (gate G), the driving control circuit is provided with a first end, a second end and a third end, the control end of the power tube is connected with the first end of the driving control circuit, the second end of the driving control circuit is connected with the second power end of the power tube M1, the first power end of the power tube M1 is connected with the high potential end of the input voltage Vin, a first resistor R1 is connected between the first power end of the power tube and the control end of the power tube, and the third end of the driving control circuit is connected with a second resistor R2;
The voltage between the low potential end of the input voltage Vin and the second power end of the power tube M1 is used as the output voltage Vout.
Similarly, the power tube M1 may be connected to the low-potential end of the input voltage Vin, and one end of the power tube M1 and the low-potential end of the input voltage Vin serve as output ends. Thus, in summary, one of the power terminals of the power tube M1 is connected to one of the high-potential terminal and the low-potential terminal of the input voltage, the one terminal connected to the power tube is used as a first terminal of the input voltage, the other terminal is used as a second terminal of the input voltage, the second terminal of the input voltage and the other power terminal of the power tube are used together as an output terminal, and the voltage between the two terminals is used as an output voltage.
On the basis of the above structure, at least one impedance element is connected in series in a loop comprising the input voltage Vin and the power tube M1, and when the temperature of the power tube reaches the first temperature trigger threshold T1, the power tube M1 is operated in a switching mode. In this embodiment, the impedance element is a third resistor R3. The impedance element can also be a resistor series or parallel structure and a MOS tube, and the heat of the power tube M1 is transferred to the MOS tube, and the MOS tube works in a saturation region under the condition.
After the input voltage Vin is powered on, the first resistor R1 pulls up the voltage of the control end of the power tube M1, so that the power tube is turned on, and the second power end of the power tube M1 generates an output voltage and supplies power to the drive control circuit.
The driving control circuit is integrated in the chip, and the second resistor R2 is an external resistor. The first resistor R1 is connected with a first capacitor C11 in parallel, and the first capacitor C11 can realize a lightning protection function through capacitive voltage division.
In the switch mode, after the power tube M1 is turned on, when the output voltage Vout reaches a first threshold Vth1, the power tube M1 is turned off, when the output voltage drops to a second threshold Vth2, the power tube M1 is turned on again, when the temperature of the power tube M1 is lower than a second temperature trigger threshold T2, the switch mode is exited, the first threshold Vth1 is greater than the second threshold Vth2, and the first temperature trigger threshold T1 is greater than the second temperature trigger threshold T2.
In the non-switching mode, the voltage across the power transistor M1 is the difference between the input voltage Vin and the expected output voltage. Although the resistance in the loop will generate a voltage drop, the voltage drop is relatively different from the input voltage Vin, so in theory, the voltage across the power tube M1 is the difference between the input voltage Vin and the expected output voltage, and is not required to be exactly equal.
In the loop formed between the power tube M1 and the input voltage Vin during the on period of the power tube M1, the heat generated by the current flowing through the impedance element (R3 in this embodiment) is greater than the heat generated by the power tube Vin, and during the off period of the power tube Vin, neither the power tube Vin nor the impedance element generates heat. The heating value is greatly reduced during the conduction period of the power tube, so that the power tube is recovered to the normal temperature.
The output end is connected with a switching power supply, and after the switching power supply performs voltage conversion on the output voltage, a power supply voltage is output, and the load is powered through the power supply voltage.
The switching power supply is a flyback converter, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor L1 and a primary side switching tube M2, the primary side inductor L1 is connected with the primary side switching tube M2, and the common end of the primary side inductor L1 and the primary side switching tube M2 is connected with the control end of the power tube M1 through a unidirectional conducting element and a third resistor R3. By adopting the design, when the input voltage Vin is lower, the voltage of the control end of the M1 can be raised, the power tube M1 is kept on, and the second power end of the power tube M1 can stably supply power to the drive control circuit. The unidirectional conductive element includes a diode D3, and because of the diode D3, the voltage at the H point is higher than the voltage at the control terminal G of the power tube, the diode D1 mainly prevents reverse conduction, and the diode D3 may also be used as a part of the unidirectional conductive element.
As shown in fig. 3, the waveform of the output voltage Vo is illustrated, and the relationship between the output voltage Vo and the first and second threshold values Vth1, vth2 is illustrated, in this embodiment, the first threshold value Vth1 is greater than the second threshold value Vth2, and the average output voltage in one period in the switching mode is close to the output voltage in the non-switching mode, and is not required to be completely equal to each other. In addition, the output voltage in the non-switching mode may be equal to the first threshold Vth1 or the second threshold Vth 2.
As shown in fig. 4, a mode control structure is illustrated. The mode control structure is located in a driving control circuit, the driving control circuit and the power tube M1 are packaged together, so that the temperature of the power tube M1 can be represented by detecting the temperature of a packaging body, and the mode control structure comprises a temperature detection module and a comparison circuit, and the comparison circuit is a hysteresis comparator Comp1. The temperature detection module detects the temperature in the package body, obtains the temperature value as Ts, and uses the voltage VTs to represent, through parameter setting hysteresis comparator Comp 1's upper threshold and lower threshold, make its upper threshold be voltage VT1, the lower threshold be voltage VT2, voltage VT1 represents first temperature trigger threshold, voltage VT2 represents second temperature trigger threshold. The return difference is formed between VT1 and VT2, and the state of the hysteresis comparator Comp1 is unchanged. The output end of the hysteresis comparator Comp1 is connected with the control end G of the power tube.
The invention provides a voltage regulating method based on the voltage regulating circuit, which comprises the following steps:
1) The input voltage supplies power to the power tube, the power tube works in a linear region, and the power tube is regulated by the drive control circuit so as to output expected output voltage at an output end;
2) When the temperature of the power tube reaches a first temperature trigger threshold, the power tube works in a switch mode, when the output voltage reaches a first threshold after the power tube is conducted in the switch mode, the power tube is turned off, when the output voltage drops to a second threshold, the power tube is conducted again, when the temperature of the power tube is lower than the second temperature trigger threshold, the power tube exits from the switch mode, and the first threshold is larger than the second threshold.
The second resistor is an external resistor, and the value of the output voltage can be set by setting the resistance value of the second resistor.
When the output voltage supplies power to the flyback converter, the output end of the output voltage is connected with the primary side input end of the flyback converter, the primary side part of the flyback converter comprises a primary side inductor and a primary side switching tube, the primary side inductor is connected with the primary side switching tube, the common end of the primary side inductor is connected with the control end of the power tube through a unidirectional conducting element, the voltage of the common end of the primary side inductor and the primary side switching tube is higher than the output voltage, and when the input voltage is lower, the voltage is transmitted to the control end of the power tube through the unidirectional conducting element so as to conduct the power tube and supply power to a driving control circuit.
In the voltage regulation method, the same technical characteristics as those of the voltage regulation circuit can be referred to the description of the voltage regulation circuit, and part of the characteristics of the voltage regulation circuit and the description of the voltage regulation circuit can be replaced and referred to each other.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN202010934331.8A CN112051885B (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2020-09-08 | Voltage regulation circuit and method |
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| CN204408184U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-06-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of Boost type dc-dc synchronizing power pipe current-limiting circuit |
| JP6349265B2 (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2018-06-27 | オムロン株式会社 | Bidirectional DC-DC converter, power conditioner, and distributed power supply system |
| CN106094959B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2018-09-21 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Linear voltage-stabilizing circuit |
| CN106533187B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-12-11 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Drive control method and circuit |
| CN108429445B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2020-04-14 | 珠海全志科技股份有限公司 | Soft start circuit applied to charge pump |
| CN107172768A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-15 | 深圳怡化电脑股份有限公司 | A kind of LED drive controls circuit |
| CN110764563B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2024-04-19 | 杰华特微电子股份有限公司 | Voltage regulating circuit and method |
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