CN112021167A - Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables - Google Patents
Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021167A CN112021167A CN202010915143.0A CN202010915143A CN112021167A CN 112021167 A CN112021167 A CN 112021167A CN 202010915143 A CN202010915143 A CN 202010915143A CN 112021167 A CN112021167 A CN 112021167A
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- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 244000221633 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005562 seed maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001168636 Erythronium californicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019552 anatomical structure morphogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005082 stem growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables, which can promote the leaf vegetables to enter the flowering phase in advance and shorten the first-generation breeding time by mainly adjusting the ratio of light quanta of the ratio of far-red light (700-.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth of leaf vegetables.
Background
The long breeding period is a main factor for limiting the breeding and genetic research process of the leaf vegetables. The plant rapid generation-adding technology is characterized in that the vegetative growth of plants is accelerated, early flowering and fructification are promoted, the generation period is shortened, the plants are propagated for multiple generations in one year through proper regulation and control of growth conditions, and the problem can be effectively solved. The existing plant generation-adding technology for artificially regulating and controlling growth conditions mainly makes the adverse environment for plant growth by measures of improving illumination intensity, regulating illumination time (long-day plants prolong illumination time, short-day plants control illumination time), controlling water and fertilizer and the like, and accelerates the processes of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants.
The light is used as an important environmental factor in the growth and development process of plants, not only provides energy for photosynthesis, but also is used as a signal factor and plays an important role in the aspects of plant morphogenesis and growth and development. The regulation and control effect of light on plants is mainly shown in the following aspects: seed germination, root growth, stem growth, leaf growth, flowering, and the like.
At present, the generation-added breeding of leaf vegetables is promoted by some environmental regulation measures, mainly by regulating and controlling the temperature or the illumination time. However, no report is made on the adoption of spectrum to regulate the generation-added breeding of leaf vegetables.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables, which can promote the leaf vegetables to enter the flowering phase in advance and shorten the first-generation breeding time by mainly adjusting the ratio of light quanta of far-red light (700-.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
the invention provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables, and the ratio of the light quantum quantity ratio of far-red light (700-.
Preferably, the spectrum consists of: the number of photons of blue light (400-499nm) is within the whole photon S0The percentage of the number is 6-10%, the proportion of the light quantum number of the green light (500-.
Preferably, when the leaf vegetables are cultivated, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the seedling period is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the planting period is 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables; the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 deg.C, and the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6 mg/L.
Preferably, the environmental temperature strip is used for cultivating leaf vegetablesThe parts are 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, 60-70% of air humidity and CO2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 100-.
The invention also provides a method for accelerating the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth of the leaf vegetables, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: soaking seeds in clear water, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 seed in each hole, placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box for accelerating germination, and performing seedling culture treatment after the seeds are exposed to the white color;
(2) seedling culture: during the seedling raising treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and when the vegetables grow to 4-5 true leaves, the cultivation and field planting are carried out;
(3) planting: transferring the vegetables onto a planting plate, and placing the vegetables into a nutrient solution tank for culture, wherein the nutrient solution adopts a nutrient solution film culture technology, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0 during the whole planting period, and the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables during the period; and the light quantum ratio of the ratio of far-red light (700- & 780nm) and blue light (400- & 499nm) in the spectrum is adjusted to be controlled between 1.7 and 3.3 during the whole planting period.
Preferably, the spectrum composition during permanent planting is: the ratio of the light quantum number of blue light (400-.
Preferably, when the leafy vegetables are cultivated, the environmental temperature is 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 100-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for accelerating the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth of the leaf vegetables can promote the leaf vegetables to enter the flowering phase in advance, shorten the first-generation breeding time and further shorten the breeding period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a peak value of light waves of the LED lamp 7;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
The embodiment of the invention mainly provides a luminous environment regulation and control technology which is mainly used for cultivating leaf vegetables, an LED light source is adopted during cultivation, the ratio of light quanta for regulating the ratio of far-red light (700-. The early-stage seedling raising treatment of vegetables comprises the steps of soaking seeds in clear water, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 grain per hole, placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box for accelerating germination, and carrying out seedling raising treatment after the seeds are exposed to the white, wherein the EC value of a nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm during the treatment period, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0. When the vegetables grow to 4-5 true leaves, cultivating and field planting are carried out, the vegetables are transferred to a field planting plate, the spacing between field planting lines is 25cm multiplied by 35cm, the vegetables are placed into a nutrient solution tank for cultivation, the nutrient solution adopts a nutrient solution film cultivation technology, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-2.0 during the whole field planting period, the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0. The temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 deg.C, dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6mg/L, the ambient temperature is 20-23 deg.C in daytime, 18-20 deg.C in night, air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 100-. The method for promoting the generation-added breeding of the leaf vegetables by adopting the technology can promote the leaf vegetables to enter the flowering period in advance, shorten the first-generation breeding time and further shorten the breeding period.
The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail in the following embodiments.
Example 1
Soaking green dish lettuce in water, and sowing to seaIn the cotton square, 1 grain is put in each hole, then the cotton square is put in a germination accelerating box at the temperature of 23 ℃ for accelerating germination, after the seeds are exposed to the white, the cotton square is moved into a water culture nutrient solution for seedling culture management, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the cotton square is cultured until 4-5 true leaves are cultured. Selecting, transplanting and field planting 4-5 young seedlings with true leaves on a field planting plate, planting at a row spacing of 25cm × 35cm, culturing in a nutrient solution tank by nutrient solution film water culture technology, wherein the nutrient solution EC is controlled at 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and during the whole field planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution is controlled at 21 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 5-6mg/L, the environmental temperature is 21 ℃ in the daytime, 18 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added into the soil2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses a fluorescent lamp as a comparison example 1, and is provided with spectra of 5 comparison examples and 6 other examples, and the light intensity is 220 mu mol.m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 11 h/d. The green dish lettuce was cultivated according to the above cultivation method, and the flowering time (days after planting) and the first generation time (period from planting to seed maturation) of each example and comparative example were counted with the light source parameters as each example and comparative example. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The experimental results show that: compared with 6 comparison examples, the light source schemes of the embodiments 1 to 6 greatly advance the flowering time of the lettuce in green dish, shorten the first generation breeding time and accelerate the breeding period.
Example 2
Soaking white beauty white stem pakchoi, sowing the pakchoi into sponge squares with 1 grain per hole, then putting the pakchoi into a germination accelerating box with the temperature of 23 ℃ for accelerating germination, after the seeds are exposed to be white, transferring the pakchoi into a water culture nutrient solution for seedling culture management, wherein the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the pakchoi is cultivated until 4-5 true leaves are obtained. Select and arrange oneTransplanting 4-5 true leaves on a planting plate, planting at a row spacing of 25cm × 35cm, culturing in a nutrient solution tank, adopting nutrient solution membrane water culture technology, controlling the nutrient solution EC at 1.5-1.8mS/cm and pH at 6.0-7.0, controlling the temperature of the nutrient solution at 21 deg.C, the dissolved oxygen at 5-6mg/L, controlling the ambient temperature at 21 deg.C in the daytime, 18 deg.C at night, air humidity at 60-70%, and CO in the whole planting period2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses a fluorescent lamp as a comparison example 1, and is provided with spectra of 5 comparison examples and 6 other examples, and the light intensity is 250 mu mol.m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 13.5 h/d. The white-stem pakchoi was cultivated according to the above cultivation method, and the flowering time (days after planting) and the first generation time (period from planting to seed maturation) of each example and comparative example were counted with the light source parameters as each example and comparative example. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 2
The experimental results show that: compared with 6 comparison examples, the light source schemes of the examples 1 to 6 greatly advance the flowering time of the white American white stem pakchoi and shorten the first-generation breeding time, thereby accelerating the breeding period.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables is characterized in that in the growth and development process of the leaf vegetables, the spectrum of a used light source contains far-red light (700-.
2. The method of accelerating vegetative to reproductive growth of a leaf vegetable according to claim 1 wherein the spectral composition is: the proportion of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-.
3. The method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the EC value of the nutrient solution in the nursery stage is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH is 6.0-7.0, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the growth development stage is 1.2-2.0, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and the EC is gradually increased as the vegetables grow from vegetative growth to reproductive growth; the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 deg.C, and the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6 mg/L.
4. The method for accelerating the vegetative to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ambient temperature is 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, 60-70% in air humidity, and CO2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is 100-.
5. A method for accelerating the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth of leaf vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: soaking seeds in clear water, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 seed in each hole, placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box for accelerating germination, and performing seedling culture treatment after the seeds are exposed to the white color;
(2) seedling culture: during the seedling raising treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and when the vegetables grow to 4-5 true leaves, the cultivation and field planting are carried out;
(3) planting: transferring the vegetables onto a planting plate, and placing the vegetables into a nutrient solution tank for culture, wherein the nutrient solution adopts a nutrient solution film culture technology, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0 during the whole planting period, and the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables during the period; and the light quantum ratio of the ratio of far-red light (700- & 780nm) and blue light (400- & 499nm) in the spectrum is adjusted to be controlled between 1.7 and 3.3 during the whole planting period.
6. The method for accelerating vegetative to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables according to claim 5, wherein the spectrum composition during colonization is: the proportion of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-.
7. The method for accelerating the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the leaf vegetables are cultivated under the conditions of 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, 60-70% of air humidity and CO2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 100-.
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| CN202010915143.0A CN112021167A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables |
| PCT/CN2021/105229 WO2022048302A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2021-07-08 | Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables |
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| CN202010915143.0A CN112021167A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leaf vegetables |
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| WO2022048302A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-10 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables |
| CN112544422A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Plant factory planting method for promoting 4-5 ripeness of cereal crops in one year |
| CN113632655A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-12 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Luminous environment for regulating indoor melon, fruit and vegetable vegetative growth and reproductive growth balance |
| CN113728886A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 正恒(上海)农业科技有限公司 | Indoor cultivation method for improving lettuce quality and yield |
| CN115486335A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2022-12-20 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | A kind of method for rapid multiplication of tomato |
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