CN112020004A - Coastal zone pollutes early warning system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a coastal zone pollution early warning system which comprises a plurality of data acquisition terminals, a plurality of data aggregation terminals and a remote monitoring and early warning center. The research of the invention not only can remotely implement all-weather and real-time dynamic monitoring on key sewage discharge industry, but also can lay monitoring nodes aiming at the target water area, realize network monitoring, establish an early warning system, master the generation, distribution and diffusion conditions of pollutants at any time, realize early warning monitoring on the key monitored water area and realize advanced monitoring.

Description

A coastal zone pollution early warning system

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of information early warning, and in particular, to an on-board safety assistance system.

Background technique

The coastal zone is the interface between the sea and the land, and the forces from both the land and the sea jointly shape the natural environment of the coastal area. Whether it is the change of the sea area or the change of the land area, it can directly or indirectly affect the environment of the coastal area. In recent years, the coastal area has become the most active area for economic construction activities in various cities. As more and more industries gather in the coastal area, injecting vitality into the vigorous economic development of the coastal area, the ecological environment pressure on the precious coastal resources is increasing. Enlargement, disorderly development of coastal zones, lack of natural ecological space, and serious pollution of coastal waters are common problems faced by coastal cities during the period of rapid economic development. It is necessary to strengthen special planning for coastal zone protection and rational development and utilization.

Many coastal cities in China have tried to compile relevant plans, but due to the lack of corresponding technical specifications, standards and related pollution monitoring and early warning mechanisms, there is a lack of systematic coastal environmental protection planning practices for the environmental governance of offshore waters, which has become an urgent task. technical issues to be resolved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This application provides a coastal zone pollution early warning system, which reports pollution monitoring data to a remote control central control center through a wireless sensor WSN network and a mobile data network. 24-hour uninterrupted real-time monitoring, and timely early warning of pollution.

The technical scheme adopted in this application is as follows:

A coastal zone pollution early warning system, the pollution early warning system is composed of a plurality of data collection terminals, a plurality of data aggregation terminals and a remote monitoring and early warning center;

The data acquisition terminal is set on the water surface near the shore of the target coastal zone, and the data aggregation terminal is set on the unobstructed place of the target coastal zone. The data acquisition terminal is used to collect the pollution data of the target coastal zone, and the pollution data Send it to the data aggregation terminal for processing, the data aggregation terminal will upload the processed pollution data to the remote monitoring and early warning center, and the remote monitoring and early warning center will analyze and process the pollution data, and carry out analysis and processing results. Early warning linkage.

The data acquisition terminal adopts self-contained charging and discharging equipment, and the self-contained charging and discharging equipment includes solar panels, storage batteries, and amplitude power generation equipment;

The data aggregation terminal uses the battery to supply power, and the solar panel recycles the battery;

The data collection terminal and the data aggregation terminal together form a ZIGBEE wireless sensor network with a star network topology. The data collection node transmits the positioning data of the node and the water quality data collected by the sensor to the data collection node in real time through the wireless sensor network. The water quality monitoring data, the positioning data of the collection node and other information are processed and packaged, and then transmitted to the monitoring center of the supervision department through the GPRS or 4G network;

The application software running on the computer of the remote monitoring center is developed based on GPRS or network communication technology. The html page of Baidu map is loaded through ActiveX control to realize real-time and on-site annotation of monitoring data, and the report and drawing functions are used for data analysis and track display.

Further, the controller unit adopts the S3C2410 processor of Samsung's 32-bit low-power embedded central processing unit chip ARM9 series, which can run at a maximum of 203MHz. The internal integrated hardware resources of the processor are rich, and the scalability of peripheral circuits is very good. , the core processor has its own ADC part, which is easy to connect to various sensors to collect analog signals.

Further, the GPS positioning module adopts U-BLOX-6010, the smallest size GPS receiver chip introduced by U-blox.

Further, the Zigbee module uses TI's CC2430 chip. In addition to the RF transceiver, CC2430 also integrates an enhanced 8051MCU, 32/64/125kB FLASH memory, 8kB TAM and ADC, DMA, gatekeeping, etc., running 2.4 GHz band.

Further, the sensor unit is connected to pH, turbidity, and temperature sensors through an A/D conversion interface, and the sensor outputs a 4-20mA standard current signal.

Further, the power module is powered by solar energy and battery, the total power consumption of the system is about 1.2W, the battery capacity is 10000mah×5v=50000mwh, and the maximum output of the solar panel is 6w.

Further, the composition of the data aggregation terminal is the same as that of the sensor node. Compared with the sensor node, a GPRS/4G communication module is added. The GPRS module adopts the GSM/GPRS dual-frequency SIM900 wireless module launched by SIMCom.

Further, other supporting modules are additionally connected to the data convergence terminal, including SD external storage module, FLASH expansion module, clock circuit and LCD display module.

Further, the data acquisition terminal is an ocean monitoring device floating on the ocean surface to observe surface currents, surface water temperature and salinity environmental factors. Isolated from sea water.

Further, the cylindrical annular permanent magnet of the data acquisition terminal is used as the vibrator of the generator to be sleeved on the smooth Teflon shaft, and the disc-shaped permanent magnets are respectively fixed at both ends. The ring-shaped permanent magnet vibrator is suspended, the vibrator is placed in a cylinder wound with a winding coil, and the gap between the two is kept as small as possible, and the soft iron core cylinder is close to the outside of the winding coil.

Through the embodiment of the present application, the following technical effects can be obtained:

1) The pollution monitoring data is reported to the remote monitoring and early warning center through the wireless sensor WSN network and mobile data network, and the staff can realize 24-hour uninterrupted real-time monitoring of the monitored water body without entering the sewage discharge environment;

2) Accurate regional monitoring is carried out by means of high-precision GPS positioning, distributed data acquisition terminals in relevant areas, etc., and combined with certain algorithms, large-scale and continuous monitoring along the monitored coastal zone can be achieved. Early warnings are issued for the occurrence of pollution in a timely manner.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are from the present application. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the compositional schematic diagram of the coastal zone pollution early warning system of the application;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition and structure of the data acquisition terminal in the pollution early warning system.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the coastal zone pollution early warning system of the application, and the pollution early warning system is composed of a plurality of data collection terminals, a plurality of data aggregation terminals and a remote monitoring and early warning center;

The data acquisition terminal is set on the water surface near the shore of the target coastal zone, and the data aggregation terminal is set on the unobstructed place of the target coastal zone. The data acquisition terminal is used to collect the pollution data of the target coastal zone, and the pollution data Send it to the data aggregation terminal for processing, the data aggregation terminal will upload the processed pollution data to the remote monitoring and early warning center, and the remote monitoring and early warning center will analyze and process the pollution data, and carry out analysis and processing results. Early warning linkage.

The data acquisition terminal adopts self-contained charging and discharging equipment, and the self-contained charging and discharging equipment includes solar panels, storage batteries, and amplitude power generation equipment;

The data aggregation terminal uses the battery to supply power, and the solar panel recycles the battery;

How to accurately select coastal pollution monitoring indicators is an important part of coastal pollution early warning. Considering that in the groundwater near the coastal zone, due to the impact of seawater intrusion, the salt content in the groundwater is relatively high, which will affect the monitoring index data. affect the accuracy. In this application, the index data monitored by the sensor includes the conductivity of seawater, ammonia nitrogen content, pH value, and the like.

The data acquisition nodes and data aggregation nodes together form the ZIGBEE wireless sensor network with star network topology. The data collection node transmits the positioning data of the node and the water quality data collected by the sensor to the data aggregation node in real time through the wireless sensor network. The data convergence node processes and packages the water quality monitoring data and the positioning data of the collection node, and then transmits it to the monitoring center of the supervision department through the GPRS or 4G network. The application software running on the computer of the remote monitoring center is developed based on GPRS or network communication technology. The html page of Baidu map is loaded through ActiveX control to realize real-time and on-site annotation of monitoring data, and the report and drawing functions are used for data analysis and track display.

1) Controller unit

Using Samsung's 32-bit low-power embedded central processing unit chip ARM9 series S3C2410 processor, which can run at a maximum of 203MHz, the processor has rich hardware resources integrated inside the processor, and the scalability of peripheral circuits is very good. The core processor comes with There is an ADC part, which is convenient to connect to various sensors to collect analog signals.

2) GPS positioning module

Using U-BLOX-6010, the smallest GPS receiver chip launched by U-blox, this chip adopts 8x8 mm MLF small package, which can receive satellite signals in remote or weak signal areas. The interface communication protocol is simple and easy to use. Integrated, the positioning accuracy can reach 2 meters, which fully meets the requirements of use.

3) Zigbee module

The CC2430 chip of TI Company is selected, which conforms to the IEEE802.10.4 standard. In addition to the RF transceiver, CC2430 also integrates enhanced 8051MCU, 32/64/125kB FLASH memory, 8kB TAM and ADC, DMA, gatekeeping, etc., operates in the 2.4GHz frequency band, and uses low voltage (2.0-3.6V) Power supply, low power consumption, high sensitivity and fast transmission rate.

4) Sensor unit

Connect PH, turbidity, temperature and other sensors through the A/D conversion interface, and the sensor outputs 4-20mA standard current signal.

5) Power module

Powered by solar energy and battery. The total power consumption of the system is about 1.2W, the battery capacity is 10000mah×5v=50000mwh, and the maximum output of the solar panel is 6w. According to the calculation of nine hours of light a day and an efficiency of 50%, the power can be obtained 27000mw per day, which is enough to support consumption all day and night, so , the battery life can reach more than seven days in good weather.

The hardware composition of the sink node is basically the same as that of the sensor node. Compared with the sensor node, a GPRS/4G communication module is added. The GPRS module adopts the GSM/GPRS dual-frequency SIM900 wireless module launched by SIMCom. SMT package, built-in TCP/IP protocol set, no additional processing operations related to the TCP/IP protocol are required in the ARM chip, and simple AT commands can be used to easily realize GPRS network connection, data transmission and reception and other operations .

In addition, although the data aggregation node is integrated with a sensor reading circuit, it is possible to choose whether to connect the sensor according to the actual situation during use. In addition, in order to ensure the stability and reliability of the system, other support modules are additionally connected to the aggregation node: SD external Storage module, FLASH expansion module, clock circuit and LCD display module, etc.

The software part is mainly divided into the following subsystems: login verification, main interface display, system setting, data query, data transmission, etc. In the login procedure, there is an account. The root account cannot be deleted and is permanently valid for logging in when the identity database is disconnected. When the identity database is online, the system first links the database, and compares the entered user name and password from the database. If there is a corresponding record in the database, it will be judged that the login is successful and the interface will be entered. Otherwise, the user name or password will be prompted to prevent it from entering the next interface. After successful login, enter the main interface, the setting process is that the host computer sends the set command to the central node, and then the central node distributes the setting command to each acquisition node. The node settings mainly include three setting items: acquisition time, whether to sleep, and alarm threshold. Among them, the acquisition time and whether to sleep are the instructions sent to the node, and the alarm threshold is the instruction of the host computer itself. After the host computer is connected to the node, it will re-send the command every five seconds to ensure that the setting takes effect. After setting the threshold, the host computer will analyze the returned data. If the data exceeds the threshold range, an alarm message will be generated at the bottom of the interface and the data of the alarm node will be displayed. During the operation of the system, the software can query historical data after connecting with the host computer database, and can read all historical data. Each time a record is read, it will be additionally displayed in the dialog box. Secondly, through the vector container, historical data can be plotted and drawn to form a historical curve.

In order to make the data transmission more reliable and reduce the programming complexity, the TCP protocol is used as the data transmission method in this design. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented, reliable, byte stream-based transport layer communication protocol [3-4]. The data communication format is customized as: FF AA XXXXX XX XX XX (time field) FF BB XX XX XX XX (latitude and longitude) FF CC XX (turbidity) FF DD XX XX (pH) FF EE XX (temperature) FF FF data communication The packet starts with FF and ends with FF FF. The five parameters are grouped by five sets of letters: AA BB CC DD EE. The location of each node is distinguished by the ZIGBEE module address. In the ZIGBEE network, the address of each communication module is unique. Therefore, the program only needs modules with different addresses to perform data polling to obtain real-time data of different nodes.

The data acquisition terminal is a marine monitoring device that floats on the ocean surface and is used to observe environmental factors such as surface currents, surface water temperature and salinity. Parts are isolated from sea water. The specially processed new linear vibration generator is fixed inside the data acquisition terminal, and as the data acquisition terminal moves with the current, it continuously generates electric energy, and then stores it in the rechargeable battery through the electric energy post-processing circuit.

Linear vibration generators have the advantages of small size and simple structure, and use ubiquitous mechanical vibration to generate electricity, so people gradually begin to use them in various power generation systems. For the data acquisition terminals deployed in the ocean, due to the fluctuation of the waves, the data acquisition terminals will also fluctuate accordingly. If the linear vibration generator is installed inside the data acquisition terminal, and the vibration of the generator vibrator is used to convert the wave energy into electrical energy for use, the service life of the data acquisition terminal caused by the limited power supply capacity of the drifting data acquisition terminal will be solved. limit issue.

Figure 2 shows the basic structure of the magnetic push linear vibration generator used in the power generation system of the drift data acquisition terminal. The generator is a new type of permanent magnet built-in linear vibration generator, which uses an upright linear reciprocating permanent magnet vibrator as the excitation of the motor, which can directly match the undulating motion characteristics of waves, which not only simplifies the conversion process of wave energy, but also improves the The important thing is that its power density and power factor are high.

As shown in the figure, the cylindrical ring-shaped permanent magnet is used as the vibrator of the generator and is sleeved on the smooth Teflon shaft. The two ends of the permanent magnet are fixed with disc-shaped permanent magnets. The vibrator is suspended. The vibrator is placed in a cylinder wrapped with a winding coil, and the gap between the two is kept as small as possible. At the same time, the soft iron core cylinder is closely attached to the outside of the winding coil to enhance the magnetic permeability of the generator, thereby improving the performance of the generator.

As shown in Fig. 2, the ring-shaped permanent magnet vibrator is suspended due to the thrust of the permanent magnets at both ends, and at the same time is sleeved on a Teflon cylinder with excellent smoothness. The vibrator suffers very little frictional resistance during the vibration process. When the data acquisition terminal fluctuates with the wave, the generator will also fluctuate. The ring-shaped permanent magnet vibrator suspended in the air is very easy to reciprocate because of its small frictional resistance and magnetic thrust at both ends. And the relative displacement is generated between the winding coil and the surrounding coil, which causes the change of the magnetic linkage of the winding coil, and generates an alternating induced electromotive force in the winding coil, which provides electrical energy to the external equipment.

Under no-load conditions, when the permanent magnet vibrator moves downward from the highest point, the flux linkage in the winding coil gradually increases, and a negative induced electromotive force is generated in the winding; when the center of the permanent magnet vibrator coincides with the middle position of the winding coil, The flux linkage in the winding coil reaches the maximum, and the induced electromotive force is zero; when the permanent magnet vibrator continues to move downward from the middle position of the winding, the flux linkage in the winding coil gradually decreases, and a positive induced electromotive force is generated in the winding. Similarly, when the permanent magnet vibrator moves upward from the lowest point, the flux linkage in the winding coil will go through a process of first increasing and then decreasing, correspondingly generating an induced electromotive force from negative to positive.

In addition to the design parameters of the generator itself, the vibration speed of the permanent magnet vibrator also directly affects the magnitude of the induced electromotive force. For the linear vibration generator applied in the data acquisition terminal, the key factors affecting the speed of the vibrator are the amplitude and frequency of the waves on the sea surface, and the randomness of the waves determines that the analysis of the induced electromotive force of the generator can only be qualitative, not Perform quantitative analysis. Therefore, we qualitatively analyzed the generation process of the generator-induced electromotive force in the data acquisition terminal through the above process. It should be noted that there is no induced current in the winding coil under no-load condition, so there is no need to consider the influence of the self-induction flux linkage on the permanent magnet vibrator, and the output voltage (ie, the induced electromotive force) of the generator is relatively high. In the actual application process, due to the self-induction flux linkage generated by the induced current in the winding coil and the influence of different loads, the actual output voltage of the generator will decrease.

The output voltage of the micro linear vibration generator is usually low and very irregular, especially in the case of using the wave energy in the ocean to generate electricity. For the 9-15V power supply used by commonly used buoys, if the generator The output power is directly used for charging after rectification and filtering, and the efficiency will be extremely low. The boost switching power supply chip with high conversion efficiency can not only provide a wide input voltage range, but also ensure the stability of the output voltage (ie the battery charging voltage) to the greatest extent. The impact of unstable charging voltage on the service life of the battery.

In the face of the increasingly serious water pollution situation in my country, the traditional sampling detection and fixed-point monitoring, such as single-function and passive monitoring pollution monitoring methods, are not enough. The research of the present invention can not only remotely implement all-weather and real-time dynamic monitoring of key pollutant discharge industries, but also can arrange monitoring nodes for target water areas, realize network monitoring, establish an early warning system, and grasp the generation, distribution and diffusion of pollutants at any time. Realize early warning and monitoring of key monitoring waters, and achieve pre-monitoring. At present, the system has been tested in the campus lake, and the data collection and network transmission functions of the system nodes are stable and reliable.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A coastal zone pollution early warning system is characterized in that the pollution early warning system consists of a plurality of data acquisition terminals, a plurality of data aggregation terminals and a remote monitoring and early warning center;

the data acquisition terminal is arranged on the water surface of a target coastal zone close to the shore, the data aggregation terminal is arranged at the position, without shielding, of the target coastal zone, the data acquisition terminal is used for acquiring pollution data of the target coastal zone and sending the pollution data to the data aggregation terminal for processing, the data aggregation terminal uploads the processed pollution data to a remote monitoring and early warning center, the pollution data is analyzed and processed by the remote monitoring and early warning center, and early warning linkage is carried out according to an analysis and processing result.

The data acquisition terminal adopts self-sufficient charging and discharging equipment, and the self-sufficient charging and discharging equipment comprises a solar cell panel, a storage battery and amplitude power generation equipment;

the data gathering terminal adopts a storage battery for power supply, and the solar cell panel circularly charges the storage battery;

the data acquisition terminal and the data aggregation terminal jointly form a ZIGBEE wireless sensing network with a star network topology structure, the data acquisition node transmits positioning data of the nodes and water quality data acquired by the sensors to the data aggregation node in real time through the wireless sensing network, and the data aggregation node transmits information such as water quality monitoring data and the positioning data of the acquisition nodes to a monitoring center of a supervision department through a GPRS (general packet radio service) or 4G network after processing and packaging the information;

the application software operated by the computer of the remote monitoring center is developed based on GPRS or network communication technology, realizes real-time and on-site marking of monitoring data by loading html pages of a Baidu map through an ActiveX control, and performs data analysis and track display by using report forms and drawing functions.

2. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the controller unit adopts a 32-bit low-power-consumption embedded central processor chip ARM9 series S3C2410 processor of Samsung, the processor can operate at 203MHz at most, the hardware resources integrated in the processor are rich, the expandability of peripheral circuits is very good, and the core processor is provided with an ADC part, so that the core processor can be conveniently accessed to various sensors to acquire analog signals.

3. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the GPS positioning module adopts a GPS receiving chip U-BLOX-6010 with a minimum size from U-BLOX corporation.

4. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the Zigbee module is a CC2430 chip of TI corporation, and the CC2430 includes an RF transceiver, and further integrates an enhanced 8051MCU, a FLASH memory of 32/64/125kB, a TAM and ADC of 8kB, a DMA, a doorway, and the like, and operates in a 2.4GHz band.

5. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the sensor unit is connected with a PH, turbidity and temperature sensor through an A/D conversion interface, and the sensor outputs a 4-20mA standard current signal.

6. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the power module is powered by solar energy and a storage battery, the total power consumption of the system is about 1.2W, the capacity of the storage battery is 10000mah x 5v =50000mwh, and the maximum output of the solar panel is 6W.

7. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the data aggregation terminal is consistent in composition with the sensor node, compared with the sensor node, a GPRS/4G communication module is added, and the GPRS module is a GSM/GPRS dual-frequency SIM900 wireless module introduced by SIMCom.

8. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 7, wherein the data gathering terminal is additionally connected with other support modules, which comprise an SD external storage module, a FLASH expansion module, a clock circuit and an LCD display module.

9. The coastal zone pollution early warning system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition terminal is a marine monitoring device floating on the surface of the sea for observing surface sea currents, surface water temperature and salinity environmental factors, and has excellent air tightness in structure, and the key components of the power supply and the control circuit are fully ensured to be isolated from the sea water.

10. The coastal zone pollution early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that a columnar annular permanent magnet of the data acquisition terminal is sleeved on a smooth Teflon shaft as a vibrator of a generator, disc-shaped permanent magnets are fixed at two ends of the columnar annular permanent magnet, the vibrator of the annular permanent magnet is suspended by magnetic thrust generated by repulsion of like poles, the vibrator is arranged in a cylinder wound with a winding coil, a gap as small as possible is kept between the vibrator and the cylinder, and the winding coil is tightly attached to the soft iron core cylinder.

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