CN112015110A - Control device of switch array - Google Patents
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- CN112015110A CN112015110A CN201910447977.0A CN201910447977A CN112015110A CN 112015110 A CN112015110 A CN 112015110A CN 201910447977 A CN201910447977 A CN 201910447977A CN 112015110 A CN112015110 A CN 112015110A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control device for controlling a switch array, which is used for conveniently realizing a large-scale switch array control circuit by using a mature large-scale multi-division multiplexer on the market as a basic module.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to electronic circuits, and more particularly, to a control device for controlling a switch array.
Background
There are many applications in electronic circuit devices that require the on/off of control channels that can drive switches for high power or high voltage signals/energy, such as relays. In practical applications, arrays are often used to selectively control the on/off of the array elements for a particular application. Signals or currents required by control signals of the switches are generally small, and a multi-division multiplexing chip can be used for achieving the control purpose of the array switch, for example, Analog device corporation provides a complete series of multi-division multiplexers, wherein a typical example is that ADG732 can control up to 32-way switches, the on/off of the multi-way switches can be flexibly achieved through 5 address selection signals, the alternate on/off of 32-way signals can be achieved through matching with a solid state relay, and the array switch is used for the fields of multi-way data acquisition, optical communication and the like.
Fig. 1 shows a conventional switch control circuit, a 1-to-many multiplexer (1-to-4 multiplexer shown in fig. 1) is respectively connected to the bases of 4 transistors, when the voltage on the bases of the transistors exceeds the turn-on voltage, the emitters and collectors of the transistors are turned on, and the switch unit is turned on; similarly, the base voltage is zero (or much less than the turn-on voltage of the base), and the switch unit is turned off. It is noted that only the first and fourth switching cells are shown in the figure, and it is readily understood by a person skilled in the art how the complete circuit is implemented. The selection of the switch channels is controlled by the address line of the chip, and the switch unit of only one channel can be started at a time.
Fig. 2 shows a conventional external solenoid type switching relay for a multi-division multiplexer. The working principle is simple and clear, the solenoid is electrified, the electromagnet acts, and the circuit is communicated by using a mechanical method.
Fig. 3 shows a switch unit of an external phototransistor of a multi-division multiplexer, which needs to be connected with a current limiting resistor in series because the current required by the phototransistor is small. The selection of the switch channel is done through the address data line. When the channel is selected, the control signal port D determines the on or off state of the switch unit connected to the rear, and when the channel is switched to other channels, the original switch unit is switched back to the off state, and only one channel can be selectively opened at each time.
The advantages of using the multi-division multiplexer to control the switch are mature technology, cheap chip, small volume, large scale of the switch array, easy realization of large scale switch array with small circuit board area and cheap price, and single chip to control up to 32 channels. The disadvantage is that the switch array can only open one channel at a time, but can not selectively open a plurality of channels, which greatly limits the application. If the self-locking relay array controller is adopted, although a plurality of channels can be opened, the price is high, and the array scale cannot be compared with the existing multi-division multiplexer on the market.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a control device for a switch array, which flexibly implements the on/off of a plurality of channels by using the existing mature multi-division multiplexer.
The invention provides a control device of a switch array, which comprises a one-to-many multi-division multiplexer, an electric energy storage unit group and a switch unit group;
the said multi-division multiplexer includes a group of address selection ports used for choosing the output port, a control signal port and output port group;
the control signal port of the multi-division multiplexer is used for setting the level state of the output port of the multi-division multiplexer;
the switch unit group comprises one or more switch units;
the switch unit comprises a control port for setting the on/off state of the switch unit;
the electric energy storage unit group at least comprises one or more than one electric energy storage unit;
the control port of each switch unit of the switch unit group is connected with one electric energy storage unit;
each output port of the multi-division multiplexer is respectively connected with the electric energy storage unit and the control port of the switch unit;
the switch unit is connected with an external load circuit to be controlled.
As an improvement of the control device of the switch array of the present invention: the electrical energy storage unit is a capacitor or a rechargeable battery.
As an improvement of the control device of the switch array of the present invention: the multi-division multiplexer controls the on/off state of the switch unit by setting the level of the address selection port and the control signal port through an external microprocessor, and the address selection port determines the switch unit to be controlled.
As an improvement of the control device of the switch array of the present invention: the switch unit keeps the starting state through the electric energy storage unit connected with the switch unit, and the external microprocessor replenishes energy before the electric energy is consumed to keep the starting state.
As an improvement of the control device of the switch array of the present invention: the switch unit keeps the opening state through the electric energy storage unit connected with the switch unit, and the switch unit is automatically closed after the electric energy is consumed.
As an improvement of the control device of the switch array of the present invention: the specific method for simultaneously turning on/off the multi-way switch units is as follows:
setting an address selection port of the multi-division multiplexer by an external microprocessor to select a first switch unit to be turned on/off, setting the level of a control signal port of the multi-division multiplexer to turn on/off the switch unit, and charging/discharging an energy storage unit by an output port of the multi-division multiplexer when the switch unit is turned on/off;
after the energy storage unit finishes charging/discharging, the microprocessor sets an address selection port of the multi-division multiplexer to select a second switch unit to be turned on/off, sets the level of a control signal port of the multi-division multiplexer to turn on/off the switch unit, and charges/discharges the energy storage unit through an output port of the multi-division multiplexer when the switch unit is turned on/off;
and so on until the on/off operations of all the switch units are completed.
As an improvement of the control device of the switch array of the present invention: the on/off states of each switch unit of the switch unit group are independent of each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a large-scale multi-division multiplexer which is mature in the market is used as a basic module, so that a large-scale switch array control circuit can be conveniently realized;
2. the required discrete elements are few, the logic control is simple, the on/off of the multi-way switch unit can be flexibly realized, the on/off of the multi-way switch unit is controlled, the on/off state of the switch unit is kept, and the on/off state of each switch unit is independent;
3. the automatic closing function of the switch unit can be simply and conveniently realized by utilizing the discharging characteristic of the energy accumulator.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a conventional switch array control circuit.
Fig. 2 is a conventional switch array control circuit.
Fig. 3 is a conventional switch array control circuit.
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of a control device of the switch array of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an embodiment of a control device of the switch array of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an embodiment of a control device of the switch array of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an embodiment of a control device of the switch array of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The output portions of the multi-way switch are generally similar in circuit design, and for convenience of illustration, only the specific structure of one channel branch is sometimes drawn, and it is easy for those skilled in the art to extend the connection mode of the first channel to the switch output of the other channel branch. Also the size of the switch array can be from two to multiple, the number of channels shown in the figure is not to be considered as a limitation of the inventive content, and the control of the multi-way switch array can be implemented without inventive labor by those skilled in the art according to the implementation manner thereof.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention as shown in fig. 4, the present invention provides a control device capable of simultaneously turning on multiple switch channels, which includes a multiple division multiplexer 300, an electric energy storage unit 310 and a switch unit group 320. The multiplexer 300 includes a group of address selection ports 301 for selecting output ports, a control signal port 302, and a group of output ports; the set of output ports includes output ports 303-306;
the control signal port 302 of the multi-division multiplexer is used for setting the level state of the output port 303 and the level state of the output port 306;
the switch unit group 320 includes a plurality of switch units 321 and 324;
each of the switch units 321-324 includes a control port for setting the on/off state of the switch unit;
the electric energy storage unit group 310 includes a plurality of electric energy storage units 311-314;
the control port of each of the switch units of the switch unit groups 321-324 is connected with one of the electric energy storage units;
each of the output ports 303-306 of the multi-division multiplexer 300 is respectively connected to the control ports of the electric energy storage unit and the switch unit;
the switch unit is connected with an external load circuit to be controlled.
As shown in fig. 4, each output port of the multi-division multiplexer 300 is first externally connected with an energy storage capacitor and then connected with a switching unit (including a current limiting resistor). The output port 303 is connected to the energy storage capacitor 311 and a control port of the switching unit 321. The switching unit is an optically controlled transistor, when the level of the output port 303 of the multi-drop multiplexer 300 is high, the base of the transistor is conducted, the emitter and the collector of the transistor are conducted, the load and the power supply source V0 are connected, and the switching unit is in an on mode. When the level of the output port 303 is 0, the base level of the switching unit is pulled low, the transistor is in an off state, the load is disconnected from the power supply v0, and the switching unit is in an off (disconnected) state. The channel selection of the demultiplexer 300 in this embodiment is controlled by the address data line (address selection port 301), and when a0=0 and a1=0, the control signal port 302 and the first output port 303 are communicated, and similarly when a0=1 and a1=1, the control signal port 302 and the fourth output port 306 are communicated, and at this time, the control signal port 302 controls the switch unit 4 (324). For simplicity, only the circuits for channel 1 and channel 4 are shown in FIG. 4, and those skilled in the art will recognize that other channel circuits may be designed.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, each output port 303 and 306 of the multi-division multiplexer 300 is followed by an energy storage capacitor 311 and 314, respectively, and when the output port is selected, the level of the control signal port 302 determines the charging and discharging of the capacitor (energy storage) connected to the output port of the multi-division multiplexer. For example, when the output port 303 is selected, the control signal port 302 is at a high level, the switch unit 321 is turned on, and the energy storage capacitor 311 is charged, then the energy storage capacitor 311 starts to discharge after the control signal port 302 is switched to another channel, and the on state of the switch unit is maintained within a certain time, until the voltage of the energy storage capacitor 311 is reduced to the on voltage required by the switch unit module 321 after discharging to a certain extent, the switch unit is turned off (disconnected), so that as long as we properly control the charging and discharging time, we can simultaneously maintain the on or off states of the plurality of switch channels. The energy storage unit may also be a rechargeable battery, in a similar manner. Assuming that the capacitor 311 is a 1uF capacitor, the current required for turning on the hold switch is 1mA (the MOSFET hold current is 1mA or less, the hold current of the photoswitch is about 1mA, and the hold current of the solenoid-type switch relay is high), the voltage required for turning on the hold switch is 1V, the current supply capability of the control signal port 302 is 300mA (most of the microcontroller MCUs can provide GPIO currents of 300 and 500 mA), and the level of the control signal port 302 is 3.3V. When the switch is turned on, the control signal port 302 charges the capacitor first, and the direct current resistance between the control signal port 302 and the energy storage capacitor is about several ohms, so that the time required for charging is about 5-10 microseconds. Then, the control signal port 302 is switched to other channels in turn, and it takes about 0.02-0.04ms to turn on 4 channels, that is, the response time of the switch unit is about 0.04 ms. After the switch channel is opened, the energy storage capacitor starts to discharge when the control signal port 302 is switched to other channels, the time of about 2.3ms is needed when the voltage drops to 1V according to the above assumed condition 3.3V, and the on state of the switch unit can be maintained as long as the energy storage capacitor is charged again within 2.3 ms. Briefly summarized, the on-response time of this switch cell varies from 20us to 0.1ms, depending on the number of switch lanes and the series impedance of the multi-drop multiplexer. If we consider the wavelength division multiplexer and the following storage capacitor circuit as a complete integral unit, which is a controller, the function of the controller is to control the selective opening or closing of a plurality of channels of the switch circuit, and even to open all channels and keep all channels open. In the design, we use 4 channels as a specific example, and those skilled in the art can completely touch the bypass to design a large-scale control circuit with dozens of channels. In an actual circuit, the switching response time of the control device is related to the arrangement of lines, the selection of series resistors and capacitors and the selection of the following switching units, and the data presented in the specification cannot be regarded as the limitation of the invention of the patent.
As can be seen from the operation principle of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the on/off states of each switch unit are independent from each other, and only some switch units can be turned on, and one or more switch units can be turned on/off without affecting other switch units.
Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which provides a control device capable of simultaneously turning on multiple switch channels. Each output port of the multi-division multiplexer is externally connected with an energy storage capacitor at first and then connected with a switch unit module (comprising a current limiting resistor). The switching unit is an optically controlled solid state relay, and unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the output of the solid state relay can drive various types of loads (including ac signals, motor loads, etc.). The control current required for solid state relays is typically in the order of mA. This embodiment operates in the same manner as the embodiment shown in fig. 4.
The switching units in the embodiments shown in fig. 4 and 5 respectively adopt transistors and photo-controlled solid-state relays, and can be selected according to actual needs in an actual circuit, and are not limited to the listed switching units. For convenience of description, in the description of the embodiments that follow, we will collectively refer to the switching cell modules (relays, transistors, photoswitches, solenoids, etc.) connected after the channels as the switching cell modules, and will not specifically describe the types thereof.
Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the multi-division multiplexer includes 8 output port channels, the address selection port is composed of three data lines, and each channel is connected with an energy storage and a switch unit. In this embodiment, the present invention provides a device capable of being turned on simultaneouslyControl device of the multi-way switch channel. Similar to the evaluation of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the response time of the control device to open all channels is approximately 0.1ms, and recharging the energy storage of a channel within 2ms ensures the open state of the channel. The number of required address selection ports corresponding to the output port channel is log2And (n) is the number of channels, 8 channels need 3 address data lines, 16 channels need 4 address lines in the same way, and 32 channels need 5 address lines. The ADG732 multi-division multiplexer 32 channels of Analog device company, in which the address selection port is composed of 5 lines, is a relatively mature large-scale multi-division multiplexer on the market, and similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the time for the whole control device to open all the channels is about 0.4ms, and the channels are refreshed within about 2ms, so that the open state of the channels can be maintained.
Fig. 7 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein 8 output port channels are used in the multi-division multiplexer, and 2 data communication interfaces are used to select the channels, and each channel is connected with an energy storage and a switch unit. In this embodiment, the present invention provides a control device capable of simultaneously turning on multiple switch channels. In the present embodiment, the channel selection is transmitted to the multiplexer through two data lines using the I2C protocol, and the control of the switch unit only needs two data lines and one control signal port D. In actual design, the data address communication interface adopts protocols such as I2C, SPI and the like. Such as ADG731 (32 channel) multi-division multiplexer of Analog Device, which uses 3 data lines (using SPI protocol) to transmit address data, the signals required to control the switch array are completed by 3 address control lines and one control signal port D. The channel open/close time estimation of the control device is similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 6.
The embodiments shown in fig. 4-7 all make use of a charging and discharging characteristic of the energy storage device, with which the automatic closing function of the switching unit can also be achieved.
Where t is the discharge time and C is the power of the energy storage unitThe capacity of the electric power transmission device is,
is the difference between full charge and the voltage required for the switching unit to remain in the on-state,Iis the current required to maintain the switching unit conductive. According to an evaluation example in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, an on-time of approximately 2.3ms can be maintained, in other words the switching unit is automatically switched off after 2.3 ms. By utilizing the point, the automatic pulse switch array control device can be simply and conveniently realized.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A control device of a switch array is characterized in that: the system comprises a one-to-many multi-division multiplexer, an electric energy storage unit group and a switch unit group;
the said multi-division multiplexer includes a group of address selection ports used for choosing the output port, a control signal port and output port group;
the control signal port of the multi-division multiplexer is used for setting the level state of the output port of the multi-division multiplexer;
the switch unit group comprises one or more switch units;
the switch unit comprises a control port for setting the on/off state of the switch unit;
the electric energy storage unit group at least comprises one or more than one electric energy storage unit;
the control port of each switch unit of the switch unit group is connected with one electric energy storage unit;
each output port of the multi-division multiplexer is respectively connected with the electric energy storage unit and the control port of the switch unit;
the switch unit is connected with an external load circuit to be controlled.
2. The control device of the switch array according to claim 1, wherein:
the electrical energy storage unit is a capacitor or a rechargeable battery.
3. The control device of the switch array according to claim 1, wherein:
the multi-division multiplexer controls the on/off state of the switch unit by setting the level of the address selection port and the control signal port through an external microprocessor, and the address selection port determines the switch unit to be controlled.
4. The control device of the switch array according to claim 3, wherein:
the switch unit keeps the starting state through the electric energy storage unit connected with the switch unit, and the external microprocessor replenishes energy before the electric energy is consumed to keep the starting state.
5. The control device of the switch array according to claim 3, wherein:
the switch unit keeps the opening state through the electric energy storage unit connected with the switch unit, and the switch unit is automatically closed after the electric energy is consumed.
6. The control device of the switch array according to claim 1, wherein:
the specific method for simultaneously turning on/off the multi-way switch units is as follows:
setting an address selection port of the multi-division multiplexer by an external microprocessor to select a first switch unit to be turned on/off, setting the level of a control signal port of the multi-division multiplexer to turn on/off the switch unit, and charging/discharging an energy storage unit by an output port of the multi-division multiplexer when the switch unit is turned on/off;
after the energy storage unit finishes charging/discharging, the microprocessor sets an address selection port of the multi-division multiplexer to select a second switch unit to be turned on/off, sets the level of a control signal port of the multi-division multiplexer to turn on/off the switch unit, and charges/discharges the energy storage unit through an output port of the multi-division multiplexer when the switch unit is turned on/off;
and so on until the on/off operations of all the switch units are completed.
7. The control device of the switch array according to claim 1, wherein:
the on/off states of each switch unit of the switch unit group are independent of each other.
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